Unit 4 Period 2 Grammar（课件）英语译林版必修第三册

Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world Grammar & Usage 高中英语译林2020版 必修三 Verb-ed forms as attributives, adverbials and object complements 1 Contents 1. Lead in 2. Exploring the rules 3. Target Grammar Presentation 4. Guided Practice 5. Summary 6. Homework PART ONE Lead-in 3 Who is this man? What is his great discovery? Alexander Fleming, (born August 6, 1881—died March 11, 1955, London, England), Scottish bacteriologist best known for his discovery of penicillin. PART TWE Exploring the rules 5 Skimming A Exploring the rules Read through the science magazine article of part A and fill in the following table. Tu Youyou Alexander Fleming Nationality Discovery Qinghaosu Time of discovery Use of discovery Effect of discovery Prize Nobel Prize, 1945 Chinese Scottish 1972 Penicillin 1928 Treat malaria Treat wounds/kill bacteria Benefited millions of patients Saved millions of life Nobel Prize, 2015 Exploring the rules Find the verb-ed forms in the article and fill in the table below. The first one has been done for you. Verb-ed forms as attributives something produced by the mould Verb-ed forms as adverbials Verb-ed forms as object complements surprised by this, ... get its mass production started Working out the rules The verb-ed form can be used like an adjective or an adverb, indicating a(n) (1) (active/passive) meaning. The verb-ed form can appear before or after a noun or pronoun. It modifies the noun or pronoun like a(n) (2) ____________(relative clause/adverbial clause). The verb-ed form can be used as an adverbial or an object complement. passive relative clause Useful expressions: unlikely source 意想不到的来源；出人意料的出处 be widely considered to be 被广泛认为是 plate n. 盘子；碟子；板块；车牌 v. 电镀；覆盖 He is aware that ... 他意识到…… / 他知道…… indicate 表明；显示；暗示；指出 catch the attention of 引起…… 的注意 mass production 大批量生产；规模化生产 by accident 偶然；意外地 far from the truth远非事实；与事实相去甚远 Fortune favours the prepared mind.机遇偏爱有准备的人。 PART THREE Target Grammar Presentation 10 1.Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People’s Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize, awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria, one of the deadliest diseases in human history. 2. Thanks to her discovery of qinghaosu, malaria patients all over the world now have had a greatly increased chance of survival. 3. Even with large amounts of qinghao extract produced, however, they still faced another problem. Find verb-ed forms and figure out their functions. verb-ed forms as attributives 过去分词作定语，用来修饰名词，相当于形容词 4. Born in 1930, in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, Tu studied medicine at university in Beijing between 1951 and 1955. 5. Inspired by an over 1,600-year-old text about preparing qinghao extract with cold water, Tu redesigned the experiments. verb-ed forms as adverbials 过去分词作状语，用来修饰动词或整个句子， 表时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随等 Verb-ed forms as attributives 观察下列句子中动词-ed形式作定语的位置 · The results indicated that something produced by the mould had killed the bacteria. · Fortune favours the prepared mind. 单个动词-ed形式作定语，常被置于被修饰词之前； 动词-ed形式短语作定语，常被置于被修饰词之后。 注意1： 总结1： 动词-ed形式通常表示被动含义, 但不及物动词的-ed形式除外。 a respected writer =a writer who is respected trained employees =employees who have been trained before the sunken ship =the ship that has sunken fallen leaves =leaves that have fallen 及物动词的动词-ed形式作定语，通常即表示已经完成，又可以表示被动的意义。 不及物动词的-ed形式作定语，常表示已发生的动作。 总结： 注意2： Verb-ed forms as attributives 1. Most of the people (invite) to the party are famous scientists. 2. The EMS (post) yesterday will reach my brother in three days. 3. There has been nothing (change) here since I left this city. 4. She is a (respect) teacher. invited posted changed respected Practice Verb-ed forms as adverbials 注意1: 观察下列句子中的动词-ed形式表达的意义 · Seen from the top of the mountain, the river looks like a dragon. · Greatly interested, I began to read the book. · The professor entered the hall, followed by a group of students. 动词-ed形式作状语，常表示时间、原因、伴随情 况等。 总结1: Rewrite the following sentences, verb-ed forms as adverbials. 1. He was buried in an ocean of loneliness and felt left out. Buried in an ocean of loneliness, he felt left out. 2. As she was given advice by the famous detective, the girl was no longer afraid. Given advice by the famous detective, the girl was no longer afraid. 3. Even if he was laughed at by many people, he continued his research. Laughed at by many people, he continued his research. Practice Verb-ed forms as object complements 注意1：观察什么动词后常接动词-ed形式作宾语补足语？ 1. I heard him criticized many times. 2. You will see this product advertised wherever you go. 3. They will have you arrested if you don't pay your taxes. 总结1： 动词-ed形式可在see, hear, notice, feel, have, make, keep, leave等动词后作宾语补足语。 Fill in the blanks, using the correct verb forms. 1. I watched him _____ (step) off the pavement and _________ (disappear) into the post office. 2. The hall was too noisy for the speaker to make himself _____ (hear). 3. We found all the rivers seriously __________ (pollute). 4. Alice got her bad tooth __________ (pull out) in the hospital. step polluted disappear pulled out Practice heard 1. The scientist who has been highly praised won an award. 2. The experiment that is mentioned in your article is interesting. 3. The patients soon recovered because they were treated with the new medicine. Rewrite the following sentences using verb-ed forms as attributives, adverbials or object complements. B1 The highly praised scientist won an award. The experiment mentioned in your article is interesting. Treated with the new medicine, the patients soon recovered. Applying the rules 4. The scientist found that the equipment in the laboratory had been destroyed. 5. Once this report is finished, it will be very useful for future research. The scientist found the equipment in the laboratory destroyed. Once finished, this report will be very useful for future research. Benjamin Franklin was a famous scientist, writer, printer, inventor and politician. As a scientist, he was well known for his kite experiment. The story goes like this: Franklin had found lightning (1) _________ (interest) for years, believing it was actually electricity. He designed an experiment to prove his theory. He worked out that by flying a kite during a thunderstorm, electricity could go through the wet kite line down to the earth. (2) _________ (know) it was too dangerous to hold the wet line, Franklin held a silk ribbon (3) ____(tie) to the end of it. He made sure the silk ribbon stayed dry so that the electricity would not go through his body. Then he attached a metal key where the ribbon and kite line joined. When a thunderstorm approached, the lightning would charge the key. (4) _________ (conduct) on a stormy day in 1752, his experiment proved lightning was really just electricity. Franklin had his theory (5) _________ (accept) by many people. However, some people questioned whether he had actually done the experiment, (6) _________ (argue) that if he had really done it, he would have received a deadly electric shock. Whatever the truth, Franklin did make contributions to the studies of electricity. B2 Henry is reading an article about Franklin's kite experiment. Complete the article below with the correct verb-ed forms or verb-ing forms. interesting Knowing tied Conducted accepted arguing Useful expressions The story goes like this ... work out 计算出 charge 负责；收费；充电 conduct an experiment a stormy day a deadly electric shock put forward the theory continental drift challenge the theory partly because the driving force PART FOUR Summary 23 过去分词作宾补用法归纳 英语中过去分词可作宾补，表被动意义或完成意义。 She found the door broken in when she came back. (宾补与宾语有被动的关系，表一种状态。) 过去分词用在表状态的动词keep、leave等的后面。 They kept the door locked for a long time. Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open. (谚语：少说多看） Don't leave such an important thing undone. Don't leave the windows broken like this all the time. 过去分词用在使役动词get、have、make的后面。 The old man had his leg broken in the accident. They managed to make themselves understood in very simple English. I raised my voice to make myself heard. 过去分词用在感观动词watch、notice、see、hear、listen to、feel、find等后面。如： When we got to school, we saw the door locked. We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see carried out the next year. 过去分词用在wan、wish、like、expect等表示“希望，愿望”这一类动词后面做宾补。如 The boss wouldn't like the problem discussed at the moment. I want the suit made to his own measure. I wish the problem settled. 过去分词用在“with +宾语＋宾补”这一结构中， 过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。如： The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back. With many brightly-coloured flowers planted around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden. With everything well arranged, he left the office. 一、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空  1. Something is wrong with my watch. I must have it __________(repair). 2. Did you go to the party __________ (hold) on New Year’s Eve? 3. I was walking in the street when I heard my name __________ (call). 4. The teacher entered the classroom, __________ (follow) by two students. 5. At that time the television was a newly- __________ (invent) machine. 6. English is one of the widely __________ (use) language. 7. Whatever she said, she couldn’t make herself _________ (understand). used repaired held called followed invented understood consolidation 二、根据中英文提示完成句子 1. Mrs White showed her students some _____________________________________ (从博物馆借来的旧地图). 2. My sister is now working in an international corporation, ____________________ (众所周知的3M). 3. _________________________ (正在修建的铁路) is funded by Alibaba Corporation. 4. When he woke up, he found _______________________ (自己被绑在一个椅子上). 5. Tom has a great sense of humour and always______________________________ (让同事们很开心). 6. _______________________________ (坐落在北京市中心)， the Forbidden City attracts streams of tourists every day. 7. I won’t go to the party ____________________ (除非受到邀请). 8. _____________________________ (再给多点时间), I would have done the work better. old maps borrowed from the museum known as 3M The railway being built himself tied to a chair keeps his colleagues amused Located at the centre of Beijing unless invited Given more time/More time given consolidation Homework Finish Exercise C on P76 Thanks for listening! 30 $