Unit 4 Period 4 Extended Reading（课件）英语译林版必修第三册

Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world Extended Reading The Value of Science 高中英语译林2020版 必修三 1 Contents 1. Lead in 2. Pre-reading 3. While-reading 4. Critical thinking 5. Language points 6. Homework PART ONE Lead-in Surprise is the seed of science.    — Thomas Edison The pursuit of science needs special courage.  — Galileo Galilei 3 Have you ever watched videos or read about Feynman’s anecdotes before? What do you know about Feynman? What unique personality traits of Feynnman attract you most? Lead-in Lead-in He was an American theoretical physicist, one of the greatest scientists of the 20th century. Won the Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on quantum electrodynamics (QED). Developed Feynman diagrams, a simple visual way to describe particle interactions. Worked on the Manhattan Project (atomic bomb) during WWII. He was also a talented teacher, known for the legendary Feynman Lectures on Physics. PART TWO Pre-reading 6 1. Scientific knowledge enables us to do and make all kinds of things. 2. Science can provide us with intellectual enjoyment. 3. Scientists have the freedom to doubt. What are the values of science? Pre-reading Scan the lecture transcript and find the answer. What made the author think twice about the power of science? The destruction of people and the risky future of the world caused by the atomic bombs he had worked on. To answer the question lingering in his mind for years. Why does the author give the lecture? Pre-reading Scan the lecture transcript and find the answer. PART THREE While-reading 9 Structure Introduction: __________ _______________________________________________ Main body: ___________ ______________________________________________ Conclusion: __________ _______________________________________________ Introducing the topic Values of science Duty of scientists Figure out the structre of this lecture transcript. paras.1-2 paras. 3-6 para. 7 Let’s see the details. How many values of science are mentioned in the lecture? What are they? The intellectual enjoyment The freedom to doubt para. 3 para. 4 paras. 5–6 The value of creation What is the value of science? The first value (point 1) The second value (point 2) The third value (point 3) Thinking The first value (point 1) The second value (point 2) The third value (point 3) The first value of science is its ________ creation and application, good _____ bad, ____________ how to use them. depending on powerful or Intellectual enjoyment ________ from the process of ________ and discovering ____________ one after another _________ on scientific knowledge. comes/is derived exploring based mysteries Freedom to doubt ________ through the cruel _________ by brave pioneers. We should ________, advocate and ____ it down to the following generations. was won struggle defend pass Thinking To declare the value of the freedom to doubt. To teach how doubt is not to be feared but to be welcomed and discussed. To demand this freedom to all coming generations. What are the duties of scientists? Thinking How do you understand the famous saying, “science is a double-edged sword”? On one hand, science improves our lives in countless ways. It helps cure diseases, develop new energy, connect people across the world, and explore the universe. It makes our lives safer, more convenient, and more comfortable. On the other hand, powerful scientific inventions can also involve huge risks. For example, nuclear technology can provide clean energy, but it can also be used in weapons and cause disasters. Advanced AI may bring efficiency, but it also raises ethical problems. Even everyday technologies may harm privacy or the environment if misused. Watch the flash and Write a summary of the lecture transcript. How to write a summary We analyze the structure of the passage and find out the ways that the writer shows his/her ideas. Tick out the main points to make up your summary with concise words. When Richard Feynman was young, he thought the only use for science was to make good things for people. However, after he worked on the atomic bomb, he realized that science could also be used for evil. He wondered what the value of science really was and he decided on three values. The first value is that scientific knowledge enables us to do and make all kinds of things. The second is the intellectual enjoyment it can provide us with. And the third value is scientists’ freedom to doubt. PART FOUR Critical thinking 16 How do you think we should apply powerful inventions without specific instructions? Start with safety first Follow basic ethical boundaries Use curiosity + caution, not recklessness Share knowledge and cooperate Aim for benefit to humanity, not just personal gain Thinking Extended reading What is the rhetorical device of the underlined sentence? Never concerned that the answer may let us down, with pleasure and confidence we turn over each new stone to find unimagined strangeness leading on to more wonderful questions and mysteries. analogy It is our responsibility as scientists, knowing the great progress that is the fruit of freedom of thought, to declare the value of this freedom; to teach how doubt is not to be feared but to be welcomed and discussed; and to demand this freedom as our duty to all coming generations. parallelism Rhetorical device Rhetorical device Feyman uses this analogy to emphasize the curiosity and determination that scientists use to uncover mysteries and answer questions. Parallelism is the repetition of similar grammatical forms. It helps make an idea or argument clear and easy to remember. It also shows that each repeated structure is of equal importance. Parallelism is a powerful tool in public speaking and writing. analogy parallelism Feyman believes that of all science’s many values, the greatest must be the freedom to doubt. How do you understand this? Discussion This belief expresses a similar meaning to this unit's opening quote "The scientist is motivated primarily by curiosity and a desire for truth." Only when scientists raise doubts can they open up the opportunity to explore the unknown, which is what leads to scientific achievements. Feynman further emphasizes this value when he says, "Permit us to question—to doubt—to not be sure." He points out that scientists must always be allowed to question and doubt things, because he knows it is the key to how science is able to progress. The American scientist Richard Feynman worked on the 1. ________ ________ during the war. A serious 2. ________ of his work made him reflect upon the value of science. In his lecture, he refers to three aspects. First, scientific 3. ________ enables us to do and make all kinds of things. Second, science provides us with 4. __________ enjoyment. Last but not least, science leaves room for 5. ________ and makes us recognize our 6. ________, which contributes to great progress. atomic bomb result knowledge intellectual doubt ignorance Summary Language points 22 1. be awarded a Nobel Prize _____________________   2. thanks to her discovery of ... _____________________  3. _____________________ 获得了关于……的广泛知识 4. find a cure for ... _____________________               5. _____________________ 借鉴……的智慧 6. their efforts to conduct research ________________ 7. _____________________ 夜以继日地工作 8. produce promising results ________________  9. _____________________ 反复试验 10. _____________________ 实验设备         11. _____________________ 重新设计实验    12. _____________________ 有足够的安全数据      have sufficient safety data 被授予一项诺贝尔奖   由于她对……的发现 acquire a broad knowledge of ... 找到……的治疗方法 draw on the wisdom of ... 他们进行研究的努力   work day and night 产生预期的成果 through trial and error  research equipment redesign the experiments   Expression 13. (be) beneficial to global health care ________________ 14. die of ... _____________________  15. 使加速________________ 16. give up ________________ 17. succeed in ... ________________ 18. 成功，奏效，达到目的________________ 19. be likely to ... ________________ 20. refer to ________________ 有益于全球医疗           死于…… speed up  放弃  在……方面成功 pay off    有可能…… 查阅，参考；提到，谈及 Expression 1. it represented the destruction of people and it put our future at risk. (Lines3-5) at risk 处于危险中 take a risk 冒险 reduce the risk 降低风险 risk doing sth 冒险做某事 Powerful inventions come with risks. 强大的发明伴随着风险。 We shouldn’t risk hurting others. 我们不应该冒伤害他人的险。 Language points Have a try: 1. We shouldn’t risk ________(damage) the environment. 2. The medical staff _______ the risk of losing their own lives in the battele against virus. 3. He saved my life ____________ losing his own. 4. Persons swimming beyond this point do so _______________(冒着自身风险). 5. That would mean putting other children ______(处境危险)? at the risk of damaging at their own risk at risk ran/ took 2. Is there some evil involved in science? (Lines 4-5) involve doing sth 需要做某事 be involved in 参与；卷入；专心于 involve sb in sth 让某人参与某事 This task involves working with many people. 这项任务需要和很多人合作。 She is deeply involved in volunteer activities. 她积极参与志愿活动。 Learning English well involves consistent practice. 学好英语需要持续练习。 3. Put another way, ... (Line 6) In other words To put it differently That is to say Put it another way Powerful inventions can be dangerous if misused. Put another way, we must be careful with new technology. 强大的发明如果被滥用会很危险。换句话说，我们必须谨慎对待新技术。 They need to _______________ (付诸实施) and, just as important, to defend it. put it into practice 4. ... scientific knowledge enables us to do and make all kinds of things. (Lines 10-11) en-是个前缀，加在名词、形容词或其他动词前构成动词。 1.表示“放进”， encase, enthrone 2.表示“用什么包住”： enrobe 3.表示“登上”，“登入”： entrain, enplane 4.表示“使，使成为，使处于什么境地”： endanger, enable, enlarge, enrich, ensure encourage, enlighten, enforce 5. ... it is not only to the credit of science...(Line 12) 归功于 1. 赞扬；认可；功劳 give credit to sb 赞扬某人；认可某人 take credit for… 把…… 归功于自己 deserve credit 值得称赞 2. 信用；信贷；贷款 credit card 信用卡 good credit 良好信用 3. 学分（学校） earn credits 修学分 4. 信任；相信 give credit to sth 相信某事 词义辨析 They are working hard for the credit of China. You must pass the examination to get credit for the course. I give them full credit for their work. He is very awkward about give us further credit. No credit is given at this shop. At the time, we used to credit everything to one person. I can credit all that you are telling me. I want to credit this to my account. 荣誉 学分 赞扬 贷款 赊账 归功于 相信 记账上 apply vt. 适用，涂... vi. 申请 apply to sb for sth apply to do sth n. _____ whom should I apply _____ the license? The new discovery may ____________ (apply) in medicine. The ___________ (apply) of new scientific discoveries to industrial production methods usually increases efficiency. To application 6. ... but it doesn’t carry instructions on how to apply it. (Line 14) for be applied application 1. With more knowledge comes a deeper, more wonderful mystery, inspiring one to look deeper still. ( lines19-20) Sentence Structures 这个句子是一个把介词短语置于句首的倒装句。 把inspiring one to look deeper still改写成一个完整的定语从句。 A deeper, more wonderful mystery comes with more knowlege, which inspires one to look deeper still. 2. Never concerned that the answer may let us down, with pleasure and confidence we turn over each new stone to find unimagined strangeness leading on to more wonderful questions and mysteries. (lines20-22) Sentence Structures 我们从不担心答案会令人失望， 带着愉悦和信心，我们翻开每一块新的石头去发现意想不到的奇妙，它们指向更多精妙的问题与奥秘。 3. We scientists take it for granted that it is perfectly possible to live and not know. But our freedom to doubt was born out of a deep and strong struggle against authority in the early days of science. (lines30-33) 如今，我们科学家理所当然地认为，生而有所不知是完全有可能的。但是我们有怀疑的自由，脱胎于早年间科学为对抗权威展开的深刻而强硬的斗争。 As a class, discuss some scientists that have changed the world. You can think of both Chinese scientists and scientists of other countries in different fields. Then in groups of four, choose a great scientist to research. As a group, research your chosen scientist. Use the ideas below to help you. Personal information (name, date of birth/death, nationality, childhood, education, etc.) Achievement (scientific research, published works, etc.) Influence Interesting facts As a group, put together your information to make your fact file. Use the example on page 55 to help you. Then present your fact file. What information does this fact file contain? In your opinion, what is the sample’s feature? What can you learn from the sample? In which aspects could you make some improvements or additions? Tu Youyou Personal information: Date of birth; Nationality; Educational background Achievements: Discovering qinghaosu; Winning the Nobel Prize Influence: Contribution in fighting against malaria Interesting facts: Details about her work on finding a cure for malaria Create your fact file about a scientist. A. Carry out research so as to find out appropriate information about the scientist chosen. B. Organize the key information and make the fact file with photos and illustrations if necessary. C. Proofread the fact file and make sure the language is correct, brief and to the point. Note: Evaluate the fact file based on the following: 1) Information: Whether it includes all the information required 2) Language: Whether the language is correct, brief and to the point 3) Presentation: Whether it is clearly presented both in speaking and writing 4) Ranking: A = excellent; B = good; C = Fair; D = improvement required Qian Xuesen Personal information Date of birth: Date of death: Nationality: Education: December 11, 1911 October 31, 2009 Chinese Jiaotong University Scientific research and achievements He led the research on Two bombs and one satellite. He was recognized as Father of China’s space technology. Influence He is the founder of China’s manned spaceship. Interesting facts Once when he was studying in university, Qian Xuesen did all problems. The professor intended to give him full marks. But when getting the paper back, Qian found a small error in his paper. He pointed it out and asked the teacher to give him the correct mark. Homework Think of the writer's opinions and write down what you have learn from the writer in 80 words. Make another fact file about your favorite scientist. 40 Thank you for listening! 41 231642.55 Lavf54.59.106 $