UNIT 10 Section Ⅰ TOPIC TALK(课时跟踪检测)(学用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（北师大版）

Section Ⅰ　TOPIC TALK 基础知识自测 维度一 1.clinic　2.bakery　3.Grocery　4.friction　5.gallery　6.stadium 维度二 1.intervention　2.disagreement　3.encouragement　4.apology 维度三 1.apologised for the mistake he made　2.She was disturbed to 3.with envy　4.get on well with her mother 5.The most important thing is that　6.call on 素养能力提升 Ⅰ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了如何帮助青少年建立健康的人际关系。 1.C　细节理解题。根据Build Their Confidence部分最后一句可知，父母可以通过培养积极的态度来帮助青少年建立自信。 2.D　细节理解题。根据Model Conflict Resolution部分第一段最后一句可知，青少年应该自己找到正确的方法来解决冲突。 3.A　细节理解题。根据Help Connect Them部分第二、三句可知，青少年应该参与学校或社区的活动来建立联系。 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过英国教师夫妇Emma和Peter Tryon热爱旅行，讲述了旅行中的冒险和挑战能增进家庭关系。 4.A　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，旅行的共同爱好将他们联系在一起。 5.C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的Emma says ...“This is a big deal.”可知，当Emma真正需要签署文件正式退出英国教育体系时，她感到这不是一件小事。由此推断，她当时有些犹豫。 6.A　推理判断题。根据第四段中Peter Tryon所说可推知，他们决定成为背包客父母是为了建立更紧密的家庭关系。 7.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中Peter Tryon所说可推知，他挑战了传统的课堂模式。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一项实验表明，两个人大脑神经反应的相似度可以反映出他们关系的亲密度。 8.C　细节理解题。根据第一段前两句可知，研究人员是通过分析他们大脑对视频的反应来判断两人之间的关系的。 9.D　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，该研究是原创的，检查人们的神经反应。 10.B　段落大意题。根据第三段可知，本段讲述了研究的过程。 11.A　词义猜测题。根据最后一段可知，研究结果表明，朋友之间的神经反应相似性最强，即使研究人员控制了一系列变量，朋友之间神经活动在analogy方面仍然很明显。句首的Even表递进关系，由此推测，画线词指的是朋友之间神经反应的“相似性”。 Ⅱ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了家庭晚餐时间的演变历程，但无论形式如何变化，其核心理念始终如一。 12.E　空前提到“晚饭做好了”会唤起家庭回忆，空后提到“晚饭时间”曾经并非这样。E项（它是一个有魔力的说法，象征着傍晚时分的温馨时光）承接上文，且与下文构成转折，选项中的It指代上文中的dinner’s on the table。 13.F　本段主要介绍了晚饭时间在不同时期的特点和变化。F项（在18世纪之前，一家人不会共进晚餐）与下文形成因果关系。 14.A　空后解释了劳动者将正餐移至傍晚的原因。A项（人们开始在外工作）为导致此变化的直接原因，形成因果关系，且体现了变化过程。 15.C　空前提到如今灵活的生活方式使家庭晚餐有了新形式，空后列举了手机点餐的多样化选择。C项（晚餐从未如此多样化）承上启下。 16.D　设空处为文章总结句，应呼应首段并点明主旨。D项（尽管有这些变化，但其核心理念没有改变）与空后内容形成语义上的重复强调。 5 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Section Ⅰ　TOPIC TALK 维度一：品句填词 1.Imagine that you are in a remote village somewhere with no medical 　　　　　　（诊所）. 2.A 　　　　　　（面包烘房） will make food like cake， bread， and other pastries. 3.　　　　　　 （食品杂货） stores have to offer enough specials to bring people into the store. 4.Border clashes have led to increased 　　　　　　（摩擦） between the two countries. 5.The g　　　　　　 possesses a number of the artist’s early works. 6.Thousands of fans packed into the s　　　　　 to watch the match. 维度二：词形转换 1.He favoured a middle course between free enterprise and state 　　　　　　　　（intervene）. 2.We had a 　　　　　　　　（disagree） about the fee for the work. 3.I could never have achieved this without the 　　　　　　　　（encourage） of my family. 4.She complained to the company and they sent her a written 　　　　　　（apologise）. 维度三：固定搭配和句式 1.He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（为他犯的错误道歉）. 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　 （她感到不安） find that her wallet was missing. 3.The neighbours watched 　　　　　　　　　　（羡慕地） as they built their dream house. 4.If Alice follows the advice， I think she will 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（与她的妈妈相处融洽）. 5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （最重要的是） you must come back on time. 6.I 　　　　　　　　（呼吁） everyone to renounce the use of violence and armed struggle. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2025·重庆南开中学检测）Whether your teenager is a part of an unhealthy community or doesn’t have any community ties at all， helping them develop quality relationships can be tough.Here are a few things you can do to help your teen： 　　Build Their Confidence 　　The teenage years can be the hardest.While they may not openly talk about it with you， your child is dealing with hormones （荷尔蒙）， changing peer groups， and big life events， while sometimes struggling with low self-esteem.Unfortunately， this can cause them to isolate themselves and ignore the advice of their adult peers or role models.The more that you can empower your teen to develop positive behavioral and life skills， the more confident they will be when they are a part of a community on their own. 　　Model Conflict Resolution 　　According to prominent therapy models and practitioners， even the best of friends are going to have fights， but not every argument means the end of a friendship or community.Conflict is a natural part of relationships.Help them work on “fighting fair” and recognizing when to take a break from an argument to cool off. 　　Particularly when it comes to social media， where misunderstandings are common and conflict can quickly get out of control， teach your teen the value of saying “I think we’re both really upset.Let’s talk about this in person tomorrow.” The best way to do this is to model healthy conflict resolution yourself. 　　Help Connect Them 　　Sometimes， your child needs guidance when making positive relationships in their school or social group.Encouraging them to get involved in a sport， hobby， after-school club， or youth group can help tremendously （巨大地） when it’s time for them to build a community with like-minded people.Engage in community service as a family.When they serve others in their community， they will feel more invested in the group’s well-being and be more open to making connections with others. 1.How can parents do to help teenagers to build their confidence？（　　） A.By ignoring the advice of others.　　　　　　　 B.By making them isolate themselves. C.By helping them develop positive attitude. D.By openly having a talk with them. 2.To resolve the conflict， the teens should 　　　　.（　　） A.turn to therapy models and practitioners B.have a fight with their best friend C.cool when they are having an argument D.find right way to deal with it themselves 3.What should teens do to connect themselves？（　　） A.They should be engaged in activities in school or community. B.They should be with like-minded people when in the community. C.They should invest in the community’s happiness. D.They should be open to all the people in the world. B 　　（2025·河北衡水期末）Emma and Peter Tryon， the UK couple， who are both teachers， began dating when they were both on separate backpacking trips that they both loved in Cambodia， and took many vacations together before getting married and having two sons， Hudson， five and Darien， two. 　　When they became parents， they initially planned to settle down.But soon， they felt restless， and the idea of travelling around the world with their kids was so appealing that they couldn’t say no. 　　After months of saving and making plans， they sold their home， officially removed their oldest son from school， and set off on their travels.“I get why people would think we’re crazy，” Emma says， admitting that they questioned whether they were doing the right thing at first.“When I actually had to sign the papers to formally opt out of UK education， it hit differently.I thought， ‘This is a big deal.’” Under UK law， there are no specific requirements for the content of homeschooling， except that parents must provide their children with a suitable education. 　　“We’ve found that the adventure， spontaneity （自发性） and the challenges of travelling bring us together and also create the opportunity to connect in a unique and strong way.That’s the factor behind our decision，” Peter Tryon says.Over the past year， the Tryons have traveled around much of Thailand， as well as Singapore and Malaysia， all while balancing homeschooling. 　　The couple say Hudson and Darien are progressing well and benefiting hugely from having individualized lessons.Peter Tryon says he often uses swimming sessions to carry out floating and sinking experiments with the children， and recently taught his eldest son about buoyancy （浮力） while they were in the water.“There’s so much science in all the things that we do，” he says.“So rather than teaching it as a theoretical subject in the classroom， we’ve got all the experiences and the resources around us in the world.” 4.What brought Emma and Peter Tryon together？（　　） A.Their common hobby of travel. B.Their shared teaching careers. C.Their well-paid jobs in Cambodia. D.Their interest in raising children. 5.How did Emma feel the moment she officially left the UK education system？（　　） A.Quite regretful. B.A little relaxed. C.A bit hesitant. D.Extremely excited. 6.What is the reason for Emma and Peter being backpacking parents？（　　） A.To form a closer family relationship. B.To explore new career opportunities. C.To escape financial difficulties. D.To follow a popular trend. 7.What can we learn about Peter Tryon from the last paragraph？（　　） A.He valued laboratory tests. B.He focused upon theoretical learning. C.He followed standard teaching methods. D.He challenged the traditional classroom model. C 　　（2025·南京金陵中学检测）Researchers found that they could accurately predict how close two people were based only on their brain activity in response to a series of unfamiliar video clips.Simply put： You and your best friends really do think alike.According to a Dartmouth study finding， friends have similar neural （神经的） responses to real-world stimuli （刺激） and these similarities can be used to predict who your friends are.The study reveals that friends have the most similar neural activity patterns， followed by friends-of-friends who， in turn， have more similar neural activity than people three degrees removed （friends-of-friends-of-friends）. 　　Published in Nature Communications， the study is the first of its kind to examine the connections between the neural reaction of people within a real-world social network.“Neural responses to dynamic， naturalistic stimuli， like videos， can give us a window into people’s unlimited， unplanned thought processes as they unfold.Our results suggest that friends process the world around them in exceptionally similar ways，” says lead author Carolyn Parkinson. 　　The study analyzed the friendships or social ties within a group of 280 graduate students.The researchers estimated the social distance between pairs of individuals based on mutually （相互地） reported social ties.Forty-two of the students were asked to watch a range of videos while their neural activity was recorded in a functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI） scanner.The videos covered a range of topics and genres， including politics， science， comedy and music videos， for which a range of responses was expected.Each participant watched the same videos in the same order， with the same instructions.The researchers then compared the neural responses pairwise across the set of students to determine if pairs of students who were friends had more similar brain activity than pairs further removed from each other in their social network. 　　The findings revealed that neural response similarity was strongest among friends， and this pattern appeared across brain regions involved in emotional responding and high-level reasoning.Even when the researchers controlled variables， including left-handedness or right-handedness， age， gender， race， and nationality， the analogy in neural activity among friends was still evident.The team also found that fMRI response similarities could be used to predict not only if a pair were friends but also the social distance between the two. 8.How did the researchers judge the relationship between two people？（　　） A.By asking them to complete a questionnaire. B.By observing their interactions on casual occasions. C.By analyzing their brains’ reaction to videos. D.By comparing their valuations of the same visual material. 9.What can we know about the study mentioned in the text？（　　） A.It has yet to win recognition from the academic world. B.It involved more than 200 students watching various videos. C.It required a professional device to analyze participants’ conversation. D.It is original and checks people’s neural responses. 10.What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about？（　　） A.The conclusion of the study. B.The process of the study. C.The working principle of an fMRI. D.The challenges of the researchers. 11.What does the underlined word “analogy” in the last paragraph mean？（　　） A.Similarity. B.Intensity. C.Abnormality. D.Benefit. Ⅱ.阅读七选五 　　（2025·福州期末）For most people， hearing the words “dinner’s on the table” brings back memories of home-cooked meals shared with family.12.（　　） However， “Dinnertime！” as we currently know it was once different and has experienced a series of evolutions. 　　13.（　　） Family members would eat in shifts， setting up a small table in a hallway or outside， or by the fireplace.In colonial （殖民的） times， the midday meal — “dinner” — was the largest one， while “supper” was a smaller evening meal. That changed during the Industrial Revolution.14.（　　） Laborers who were not paid for their lunchtime began to eat a quick， lighter meal at midday， moving dinner to the end of the day as the main family meal.For families of all socioeconomic levels， evening automatically became the time when everyone would be back at home together.Dinnertime started to be an important occasion. 　　At present， flexible lifestyles， changing patterns of work-life balance， and evolving family structures have led to the appearance of a new kind of family dinner.15.（　　） A few clicks on the phone can bring people whatever their heart or stomach desires — Caribbean， Japanese， Italian and every other country’s cuisine， not to mention delivery options that can meet special dietary needs.This makes sense given the various dining preferences of the newest age group. 　　16.（　　） Regardless of who cooks the food， where it’s eaten， and who you’re eating with， the nightly tradition of sharing a meal while connecting with loved ones always stands strong. A.People began to work outside of the home. B.Family dinners are not always this flexible. C.There’s never been so much variety for dinner. D.Despite the changes， the central concept remains. E.It’s a magical phrase representing a warm time at sunset. F.Families didn’t eat together in the evening before the 1700s. G.In the late 19th century dinnertime served as a symbol of stability. 5 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $