UNIT 12 Section Ⅲ Grammar —— 形容词(教用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册(北师大版)
2026-06-02
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资源信息
| 学段 | 高中 |
| 学科 | 英语 |
| 教材版本 | 高中英语北师大版选择性必修第四册 |
| 年级 | 高二 |
| 章节 | Lesson 1 Scientific Breakthroughs |
| 类型 | 教案-讲义 |
| 知识点 | - |
| 使用场景 | 同步教学-新授课 |
| 学年 | 2026-2027 |
| 地区(省份) | 全国 |
| 地区(市) | - |
| 地区(区县) | - |
| 文件格式 | DOCX |
| 文件大小 | 242 KB |
| 发布时间 | 2026-06-02 |
| 更新时间 | 2026-06-02 |
| 作者 | 拾光树文化 |
| 品牌系列 | 优学精讲·高中同步 |
| 审核时间 | 2026-03-30 |
| 下载链接 | https://m.zxxk.com/soft/57041843.html |
| 价格 | 2.00储值(1储值=1元) |
| 来源 | 学科网 |
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摘要:
本讲义聚焦高中英语形容词这一核心语法点,系统梳理其基本用法(定语、状语等句法功能)、排序规则(限定词、序数词、性质等顺序)、词形转换(名词/动词通过后缀变形容词、形容词转副词规则)及比较等级(规则/不规则变化与特殊用法),构建从基础功能到高级应用的递进式学习支架。
该资料以“我的发现”引导学生自主归纳语法规律,培养思维品质,结合即时演练和高考真题例句(如八省联考例句)提升语言能力。巧记口诀(如形容词排序“限定描绘大长高...”)和分层练习(基础题型与语法写作)助力学习策略掌握,课中辅助教师高效授课,课后帮助学生巩固知识、查漏补缺。
内容正文:
Section Ⅲ Grammar —— 形容词
①I made a very interesting speech last week.
②He finally arrived at the top of the mountain, tired but delighted.
③Each room has books, toys, and games that are suitable to that particular age group.
④The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.
⑤Nervous suspects were locked up in Britain’s newest police station.
⑥I’ve never heard a better one before.
【我的发现】
1.句①中的加黑形容词在句中作 定语 ,句②中的加黑形容词在句中作 状语 。
2.句①中的加黑词是由 名词 转化的形容词,句③中的加黑词是由 动词 转化的形容词。
3.句④-⑥中的加黑词使用了形容词的比较级和最高级,其中句⑥中比较级表示 最高级 。
一、形容词的基本用法
形容词在句中可作定语、表语、宾语补足语、主语补足语、状语等。
(2025·八省联考)The gardens are beautifully laid out with two lakes, which are home to a vast collection of fish.
这些花园布局优美,内有两个湖泊,湖中栖息着大量的鱼类。
形容词作状语主要表示原因、结果或伴随等,其逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持一致。
Light-hearted and optimistic, she is the sort of woman to spread happiness to people through her smile.
她无忧无虑、积极乐观,是那种通过微笑向别人传播快乐的人。
名师点津
常见的以-ly结尾的形容词有 friendly, lovely, lively, lonely, elderly, deadly等。
二、形容词的一般排序规则
1.多个形容词修饰同一名词时,一般与被修饰的名词之间关系密切的形容词靠近名词。
2.如果几个形容词的重要性差不多,音节少的形容词放在前,音节多的放在后。
3.通常情况下,它们的顺序大致遵循以下原则:
1
代词/冠词
these、that、this、the、our、their、my等
2
序数词
first、second、third、last等
3
基数词
one、two、three、four等
4
性质、状态
heavy、nice、pretty、fine等
5
大小、长短
large、small、tall、short等
6
形状、新旧(年龄)
round、square、new、old等
7
色彩
white、yellow、black、green等
8
国籍
American、Swiss、Chinese等
9
材料
metal、woolen、wooden等
bridge
中国古老的漂亮的小木桥
table
第三张褐色圆木桌
man
那位身材高大的俄罗斯老人
【巧记】 形容词的排列顺序
限定描绘大长高,形状年龄和新老。
颜色国籍出材料,作用类别往后靠。
【即时演练1】 写出下列句中加黑词所作的句子成分。
①My bike was old and shaky but did the job. 表语
②During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable. 宾语补足语
③Make sure that the tourism provides positive experiences for both the visitors and the hosts. 定语
④Tired,he fell into the sofa after coming back from the playground. 状语
三、名词、动词转换为形容词
后缀
例词
-able
accept→acceptable可接受的
comfort→comfortable舒适的
fashion→fashionable时髦的
suit→suitable合适的
reason→reasonable合理的
后缀
例词
-al
music→musical音乐的
origin→original最初的
person→personal个人的;私人的
centre→central中央的;中心的
nature→natural自然的;天生的
后缀
例词
-ful
doubt→doubtful怀疑的
forget→forgetful健忘的
harm→harmful有害的
hope→hopeful有希望的
peace→peaceful和平的
-ed
scare→scared感到恐惧的
confuse→confused感到困惑的
underline→underlined加下划线的
后缀
例词
-ing
surprise→surprising令人惊讶的
convince→convincing令人信服的
satisfy→satisfying令人满意的
-ible
access→accessible可到达的
horror→horrible可怕的;恐怖的
terror→terrible可怕的;糟糕的
后缀
例词
-ive
act→active积极的;活跃的
effect→effective有效的;生效的
attract→attractive有吸引力的
impress→impressive给人深刻印象的
后缀
例词
-ous
continue→continuous 不断的;持续的
anxiety→anxious 忧虑的
caution→cautious小心的;谨慎的
curiosity→curious好奇的
humour→humorous幽默的
-some
tire→tiresome令人厌烦的
trouble→troublesome麻烦的
后缀
例词
-y
taste→tasty美味的;可口的
health→healthy健康的
wealth→wealthy富裕的;丰富的
-ern
east→eastern东方的;向东的
-ish
child→childish孩子气的
fool→foolish愚蠢的;可笑的
self→selfish自私的
【即时演练2】单句语法填空
①But that’s how nature is — always leaving us astonished (astonish).
②After spending some time looking at all the defensive (defend) equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action.
③It is different from traditional (tradition) tourism.
④It allows the traveler to become educated (educate) about the areas.
⑤Ecotourism has its origin with the environmental (environment) movement of the 1970s.
四、形容词转换为副词
类别
例词
直接加-ly
clear→clearly清楚地
great→greatly很,非常,大大地
以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词,变y为i再加-ly
happy→happily高兴地
heavy→heavily沉重地
以-ble/-le结尾的形容词,去掉e,再加y
terrible→terribly可怕地;极度地
gentle→gently轻轻地
以-ue结尾的形容词,去掉e再加-ly
true→truly真实地
以-ll结尾的形容词,直接加-y
full→fully充分地;完全地
dull→dully迟钝地
以-ic结尾的形容词,直接加-ally
basic→basically主要地,基本上
scientific→scientifically科学地
【即时演练3】 单句语法填空
①No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left wanting more next time.
②The committee, who were all young women, fulfilled their duties admirably (admirable).
③She was extremely (extreme) pretty, and her house was a reflection of herself.
④He had worked energetically (energetic) all day on his new book.
五、形容词的比较等级
1.形容词比较级和最高级的变化
规
则
变
化
词形分类及变化构成
原级
比较级
最高级
单音
节词
和少
数双
音节
词
一般加-er或-est
tall
taller
tallest
long
longer
longest
以-e结尾的,只加-r或-st
nice
nicer
nicest
fine
finer
finest
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的,先双写该辅音字母再加-er或-est
big
bigger
biggest
hot
hotter
hottest
fat
fatter
fattest
以辅音字母+y结尾的,先变y为i,再加-er或-est
happy
happier
happiest
easy
easier
easiest
规
则
变
化
词形分类及变化构成
原级
比较级
最高级
其他双音
节词和多
音节词
在前面加more或most
difficult
more
difficult
most
difficult
beautiful
more
beautiful
most
beautiful
不
规
则
变
化
原级
比较级
最高级
good/well
better
best
bad/ill
worse
worst
old
older/elder
oldest/
eldest
little
less
least
far
farther(具体)
farthest(具体)
further(抽象)
furthest(抽象)
2.比较级的用法
(1)“as+形容词的原级+as ...”与“not as/so+形容词的原级+as ...”均表示同级比较。
The book is not so/as difficult as you imagine.
这本书没有你想象的那么难。
(2)“比较级+than”表示一方超过或低于另一方的情况。
Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening.
研究发现,早起锻炼的人要比晚上锻炼的人睡得更好。
(3)比较级的特殊结构
①“the+比较级 ...,the+比较级 ...”表示“越……,就越……”
The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.
你越细心,你犯的错误就越少。
②“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”
Our city becomes more and more beautiful.
我们的城市变得越来越漂亮。
名师点津
修饰比较级的副词有much,even,still, far,a little,a lot,rather 等。more,very 等副词不可用来修饰比较级。
3.最高级的用法
(1)the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词
Africa is the second largest continent in the world.
非洲是世界上第二大洲。
(2)one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数
Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in our country.
上海是我国最大的城市之一。
(3)“否定词+比较级”表示最高级含义
I have never read a better book than this.
这是我读过的最好的一本书。
【即时演练4】
①Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and simpler (simple) in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.
②Farming produced more food per person than hunting and gathering.
③One day, the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done, so he called all great artists to come and present their finest (fine) works.
维度一:基础题型练
1.During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing and arranged the residential areas according to social classes.The term “hutong”, originally (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
2.Activities there range from whale watching to hiking and accommodations aim to have a low impact on the natural (nature) environment.
3.The staff is friendly and helpful (help), providing you with a map of the city when you arrive.
4. Equally (equal) attractive are the tips on how to learn English, which is of great significance to my English study.
5.I highly (high) recommend visiting this exhibition.
6.We can use all kinds of resources to make learning more interesting (interest) than traditional learning.
7.Staring at the screen is harmful (harm) to our eyes.
8.So, what are they learning? Basically (basic), how to describe a panda’s life.
9.Though badly frightened (frighten), she remained outwardly composed.
10.It is certainly (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.
维度二:语法与写作
1.The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the hotter the spring !
温泉的神奇之处在于,温度越低,温泉就越热!
2. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept until the late 1980s.
直到20世纪80年代末,它才作为一个旅游概念被广泛接受。
3.At last, we arrived home, tired and hungry .
终于,我们到家了,又累又饿。
4. Singing songs is relaxing , which can help reduce stress.
唱歌可以使人放松,帮助减轻压力。
5.The tour to Beijing was fantastic. I had never experienced a more interesting and exciting one .
去北京的这次旅行真是妙极了。我从来没有经历过比这更有趣、更令人兴奋的旅行。
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