UNIT 7 Section Ⅱ LESSON 1 MASTERPIECES①(学用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册（北师大版）

本讲义围绕《星空》《呐喊》《灯之王国》三幅世界名画展开阅读理解教学，通过Pre-reading匹配活动、While-reading主旨与细节阅读、Post-reading长难句分析及讨论，结合核心词汇（如figure, affect）和重点句型（what引导名词从句、非谓语作状语）构建学习支架，系统培养艺术主题语篇的理解与表达能力。 该资料亮点在于融合语言能力与文化意识，通过名画赏析传递艺术文化知识，讨论环节（如比较画作共同点）提升思维品质。课中活动设计（如细节题、结构填空）助力教师引导深度阅读，课后词汇句型练习（如affect用法、what从句转换）帮助学生查漏补缺，强化语言运用与跨文化理解能力。

Section Ⅱ　LESSON 1　MASTERPIECES① 　　[1]The Starry② Night was painted in June 1889 when Vincent van Gogh was staying at a home for the mentally③ ill. Van Gogh painted what he saw from his window — the night sky with clouds， stars and a moon.However， he didn’t just paint the clouds.He also painted the massive④ circles of white and yellow racing across the sky.The stars and the moon hang bright in the night sky.Beneath⑤ this amazing sky， we see a sleeping village and a dark， lonely tree. 　　His unusual use of colour has led experts to think that Van Gogh’s mental illness⑥ may have affected⑦ his sense of sight.He also took a drug that can make people see yellow spots⑧， just like the stars in The Starry Night. 　　Unfortunately， Van Gogh’s unique paintings weren’t very popular and he only sold one painting in his lifetime.He also thought The Starry Night was a failure⑨.[2]However， the fact remains that The Starry Night is now one of the world’s most famous paintings. 　　[1]句中when引导定语从句， 修饰先行词June 1889。 　　[2]句中the fact remains that ...是固定句式，表示“事实是……，真实的情况是……”。 　　The Scream⑩ was painted by Edvard Munch in 1893.[3]What makes it striking⑪ is that it shows a thin figure⑫with an expression of fear — the figure’s mouth is wide open and letting out a powerful scream⑬.The figure covers his or her ears and looks directly at the viewer⑭.This figure is set on a bridge above a dark， stormy sea， and against a burning⑮ orange-red sky. 　　In his diary， Munch talked about what inspired him.“[4]I was walking down the road with two friends when the sun set； suddenly the sky turned as red as blood ...I stood there shaking. Then I heard the scream of nature.” 　　Many experts say that The Scream is connected to⑯ Munch’s mental health problems， which caused⑰ him a lot of pain. 　　[3]句中What引导主语从句； that引导表语从句。 　　[4]句中be doing ...when ...是固定句式，表示“正在做……，这时（突然）……”。 　　The Empire of Light is among a series of⑱ paintings by Belgian artist René Magritte between 1953 and 1954.He painted the same scene 27 times.It shows a beautiful house lit by lights from inside， surrounded by the darkness of night.What is strange is that above the house and the tree， we see a daytime sky full of brightness and soft white clouds.[5] It seems like quite a mysterious scene. 　　Magritte was a painter inspired by his thoughts and ideas.[6]His paintings were visual experiments as he tried to play with⑲ reality.His view was that art should shock the viewers and challenge⑳ their sense of reality. 　　The Empire of Light has produced different reactions㉑ in viewers.Some feel that the paintings look dark and troubling.Others， however， find them calming.As for㉒ Magritte himself， he thought that the change between day and night in the paintings was surprising.“I call this power：poetry，” he said. 　　[5]It seems like ...“某物看起来像……”。 　　[6]句中as引导原因状语从句， 意为“因为”。 ①masterpiece n.杰作；代表作 ②starry adj.布满星星的 ③mentally adv.精神上；心理上 ④massive adj.巨大的 ⑤beneath prep.& adv.在……（正）下方 ⑥illness n.病；疾病 ⑦affect vt.影响 ⑧spot n.（圆）点；斑点；污渍 ⑨failure n.失败的事；失败 ⑩scream n.尖叫， 尖叫声 vi.& vt.高声喊出 ⑪ striking adj.惊人的；显著的 ⑫ figure n.人像， 人形；数字 ⑬ let out a scream 发出尖叫声 ⑭ viewer n.观看者 ⑮ burning adj.燃烧着的 ⑯ be connected to 与……有联系， 与……有关联；与……连接 ⑰ cause vt.导致，引起；使发生 n.原因；事业 ⑱ a series of 一系列的；一连串的 ⑲ play with 戏弄；和……一起玩 ⑳ challenge n.挑战 vt.向……挑战 ㉑reaction n.反应 ㉒as for 关于，至于 　　《星空》是文森特·凡·高于1889年6月在一家精神病院里创作的。凡·高画了他看到的窗外景象——有云、星星和月亮的夜空。然而，除了云之外，他还在天空中画了相互追逐的、巨大的白色和黄色光圈。星星和月亮在夜空中熠熠生辉。在这片神奇的夜空下，我们看到了一个沉睡的村庄和一棵黑暗孤独的树。 　　凡·高对色彩的运用很不寻常，专家们认为精神疾病可能影响了他的视力。他还服用过一种药物，可以让人看到黄色斑点，就像《星空》中的星星那样。 　　不幸的是，凡·高独特的画作在当时并不是很受欢迎，他有生之年只卖出了一幅画。他还认为《星空》是一幅失败的作品，而现在《星空》是世界最著名的画作之一。 　　《呐喊》是爱德华·蒙克于1893年创作的。这幅画富有冲击力，画中有一个表情恐惧的瘦弱身影——嘴巴大张，正发出强烈的尖叫声。这个人捂住了自己的耳朵，直直地看向观众。人物被设置在一座桥上，桥下是漆黑的、翻滚的海面，背景是燃烧的橙红色天空。 　　蒙克在他的日记中谈到了灵感的来源，“太阳落山时，我和两个朋友一起走在路上，天空突然变得像血一样红……我站在那里颤抖着，然后听到了大自然的尖叫声。” 　　许多专家说，《呐喊》与给蒙克带来巨大痛苦的心理健康问题有关。 　　《灯之王国》是比利时画家勒内·马格利特在1953年至1954年间创作的一系列绘画作品之一。同样的场景他画了27次。画中有一座美丽的房子，房子里充满了灯光，外面被夜晚的黑暗包围。奇怪的是，在房子和树木之上，我们看到明亮的天空和柔软的白云。这个场景看起来非常奇异。 　　马格利特是一位灵感来自个人思想和想法的画家。他尝试戏谑现实，他的画作是一个个视觉实验。他认为艺术应该震撼观众并挑战他们对现实的观感。 　　观众对《灯之王国》的反应不同。有些人觉得这些画看起来很黑暗，令人不安。而有些人则觉得这些画让人感到平静。马格利特本人认为画作中白天和黑夜之间的变化令人惊讶。他说：“我称之为诗意的力量。” Step One：Pre-reading Match the following information with the paintings. Step Two：While-reading Ⅰ.Read for the main idea Read the passage quickly and choose the best answer. What’s the main idea of the text？（　　） A.The descriptions of three artists. B.The introduction to Vincent van Gogh. C.The descriptions of three paintings. D.The introduction to a Belgian house. Ⅱ.Read for details Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers. 1.Who is the painter of The Empire of Light？（　　） A.Edvard Munch. B.Vincent van Gogh. C.Pablo Picasso. D.René Magritte. 2.What can we learn from the text？（　　） A.Vincent van Gogh was a famous artist when he was alive. B.The Starry Night is a successful work of Vincent van Gogh. C.Vincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night using a common method. D.The Starry Night sold well before Vincent van Gogh died. 3.When did Edvard Munch paint The Scream？（　　） A.In 1893. B.In 1889. C.In 1953. D.In 1954. 4.Why did René Magritte paint his works？（　　） A.He was encouraged by Vincent van Gogh. B.He loved Edvard Munch’s works. C.He was influenced by his own thoughts and ideas. D.He loved the nature and got inspiration from it. Ⅲ.Read for the structure Read the passage again and fill in the blanks. Step Three：Post-reading Ⅰ.长难句分析 1.What makes it striking is that it shows a thin figure with an expression of fear — the figure’s mouth is wide open and letting out a powerful scream. 句式分析： 自主翻译： 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 2.In his diary， Munch talked about what inspired him.“I was walking down the road with two friends when the sun set； suddenly the sky turned as red as blood ...I stood there shaking.Then I heard the scream of nature.” 句式分析： 自主翻译： 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅱ.讨论 1.Among the three paintings， which one do you like best and which one do you like least？What are the reasons？ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 2.What do the three paintings have in common？ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 核心词汇集释 1.figure n.人像，人形；数字；人影；轮廓；人物；身材vt.计算（数量或成本）；认为 教材原句　a thin figure 一个瘦弱的身影 【用法】 （1）keep one’s figure　　 保持身材 have a good figure 身材好 （2）figure out 解决；计算出；想出； 理解；断定 figure in 算进；包括进 【佳句】　（2024·1月浙江卷）When Coach Pitt blew his whistle， Eva figured she would be left in the dust. （心理、动作描写） 当皮特教练吹响哨子时，伊娃认为自己会被远远甩在后面。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Her friends often congratulate her on having 　　　　　　good figure， but she knows it takes effort. ②It is difficult to figure 　　　　　　　　　a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been poorly studied. 【写美】　完成句子 ③Many women want to 　　　　　　　　　by taking more exercise these days. 如今，很多女性想通过更多的运动保持体形。 2.affect vt.影响；使感染；使感动 教材原句　His unusual use of colour has led experts to think that Van Gogh’s mental illness may have affected his sense of sight.凡·高对色彩的运用很不寻常，专家们认为精神疾病可能影响了他的视力。 【用法】 （1）be affected by ...　　　　 被……打动 be affected with high fever 发高烧 （2）affection n. 感情；喜爱 （3）effect n. 结果，作用，影响 have an effect on 对……有影响 【佳句】　（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）Furthermore， random grouping could result in language skill gaps within the groups， which could affect the effectiveness of practicing oral skills. （建议信） 此外，随机分组可能会导致小组内的语言技能差距，这可能影响口语技能练习的效果。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Affected 　　　　　　a high fever， he continued with his work. ②The scientist feels a great 　　　　　　（affect） for her hometown. ③The crisis had a negative effect 　　　　　trade. 【写美】　词汇升级 ④The rapid developments of local economy are likely to affect the environment. 　　　　　 3.spot n.（圆）点；斑点；污渍；地点 vt.发现；认出；弄脏 教材原句　He also took a drug that can make people see yellow spots， just like the stars in The Starry Night.他还服用过一种药物，可以让人看到黄色斑点，就像《星空》中的星星那样。 【用法】 （1）on the spot　　　　　 当场；在现场 （2）be spotted with 散布；点缀 spot sb doing sth 发现某人正在做某事 【佳句】　（人教必修三）About a month ago， I was sailing， and towards night I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.The next morning I was spotted by a ship. 大约一个月前，我开船出海，傍晚时，一阵大风把我刮到了海上。第二天早晨，一艘船发现了我。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Feeling dizzy 　　　　　　the spot， I grabbed my bag， dashed out of the classroom and headed home with tears in my eyes. ②The travellers finally spotted smoke 　　　　　（come） out of the houses in the distance. 【写美】　完成句子 ③The night sky 　　　　　　stars. （环境描写） 夜空中繁星点点。 4.striking adj.惊人的；显著的 教材原句　What makes it striking is that it shows a thin figure with an expression of fear — the figure’s mouth is wide open and letting out a powerful scream. 这幅画富有冲击力， 画中有一个表情恐惧的瘦弱身影——嘴巴大张， 正发出强烈的尖叫声。 【用法】 be struck by　　　　　 被……打动/迷住了 It strikes sb that ... 某人觉得……；某人突然想起…… sth strikes sb 某人突然想起某事 on strike 罢工 【佳句】　In striking contrast to their brothers， the girls were both intelligent and charming. 女孩们既聪明伶俐，又充满魅力，跟她们的兄弟形成鲜明的对照。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①　　　　　　 （strike） by the beauty of the West Lake， we stopped to admire it. ②During the economic crisis many employees were 　　　　　　strike， demanding higher wages. 【写美】　完成句子 ③　　　　　　　　　 she forgot to bring her umbrella when it started to rain. 当开始下雨时，她突然想起自己忘了带伞。 5.let out 放出；发出（叫喊等）；泄露；放宽， 放大（衣服等）；释放，放……出去 【用法】 let alone 　　　　 更不用说；更谈不上；不打扰 let sb/sth alone 对某人/某事放任不管 let sb down 使某人失望 let go of 放开，松手 let in 让……进来；容许；许可 【佳句】　“With friends like these， who needs enemies？” means a friend has betrayed your trust or let you down. “有这样的朋友，还要敌人干吗？”意思是一个朋友背叛了你，让你很失望。 （2025·全国一卷）You’re driving in a school zone around the time school lets out. The speed limit is fifteen miles an hour， and you were going thirty-five. 放学时间你在学校区域内行驶。限速是每小时15英里，而你的时速是35英里。 【练透】　语境辨义/单句语法填空 ①As soon as the secret was let out， everyone in the office started talking about it. 　　　　　 ②He asked his mother to let out his trousers. 　　　　　 ③John worked hard for the competition， but when he didn’t win， he felt like he let his team 　　　　　　. ④The wildlife should be let 　　　　　　to keep the balance of the ecosystem. 【写美】　完成句子 ⑤The room was so small that I couldn’t even fit my desk， 　　　　　　　　. 房间太小了，我连桌子都放不下，更不用说床了。 6.reaction n.反应 教材原句　The Empire of Light has produced different reactions in viewers. 观众对《灯之王国》的反应不同。 【用法】 （1）reaction to　　　　　 对……的反应 in reaction to 以应对…… （2）react to 对……作出反应 react against 反抗/反对…… react with 和……发生化学反应 【佳句】　Sarah’s reaction to the surprise party was a mix of surprise and embarrassment. （神情描写） 萨拉对惊喜派对的反应是既惊讶又害羞。 When we use metals， it is important to know how they react with different substances， for example， water and oxygen. 当使用金属时，我们要知道它们是如何与不同的物质，如水和氧气，发生反应的，这（一点）很重要。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①The two chemicals react 　　　　　　each other to form a new compound. ②　　　　　　　 reaction to the phenomenon， some people called for raising the air pollution tax. ③Please share how you 　　　　　　to the situation and the cause of your 　　　　　　.（react） 【写美】　完成句子 ④The crowd 　　　　　　　　　　　　with loud applause and cheers. （心理描写） 人群对这个激动人心的消息作出了反应，响起了热烈的掌声和欢呼声。 重点句型解构 1.句型公式：what引导名词从句 教材原句　What makes it striking is that it shows a thin figure with an expression of fear — the figure’s mouth is wide open and letting out a powerful scream. 这幅画富有冲击力，画中有一个表情恐惧的瘦弱身影——嘴巴大张，正发出强烈的尖叫声。 【用法】 what引导的名词从句在结构上相当于“the＋名词＋定语从句”，在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语，意为“……的东西或事情”“……的人或……的样子”“……的数量或数目”“……的时间”“……的地方”。 【佳句】　What is the most impressive is its many multi-level waterfalls and colourful lakes. （景物描写） 这里最令人印象深刻的景色是许多层次丰富的瀑布和五颜六色的湖泊。 【写美】　完成句子/句型转换 ①　　　　　　　　　　　 should be done to stop pollution. 我不知道应该做什么来阻止污染。 ②He has got 　　　　　　　　. 他已经得到了他想要的东西。 ③The man is no longer 　　　　　　　　. 这个男人不再像他从前那样了。 ④It amazed us that he finished the work in such a short time. →　　　　　　　　 was that he finished the work in such a short time. 2.句型公式：动词-ing形式/-ed形式作状语 教材原句　It shows a beautiful house lit by lights from inside， surrounded by the darkness of night.画中有一座美丽的房子， 房子里充满了灯光， 外面被夜晚的黑暗包围。 【用法】 动词-ing形式/-ed形式在句中作状语，应根据句子的主语与动词之间的关系来定。若动词与句子主语之间为主谓关系，用动词-ing形式；若为动宾关系，则用动词-ed形式。 【佳句】　The sun began to rise， bathing the mountain in golden sunshine.（景物描写） 太阳开始升起，使山脉沐浴在金色的阳光下。 【写美】　完成句子 ①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， he climbed the mountain with determination. 背着沉重的背包，他坚定地爬上了山。 ②After a long day of work， she fell asleep on the couch， 　　　　　　. 工作了一整天后，她疲惫不堪地在沙发上睡着了。 提示：完成课后作业　UNIT 7　Section Ⅱ 10 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Section Ⅱ　LESSON 1　MASTERPIECES① 【文本透析·剖语篇】 Step One Step Two Ⅰ.C Ⅱ.1－4　DBAC Ⅲ.1.what　2.mentally　3.figure　4.expression　5.series 6.lit　7.surrounded Step Three Ⅰ.1.这幅画富有冲击力， 画中有一个表情恐惧的瘦弱身影——嘴巴大张， 正发出强烈的尖叫声。 2.蒙克在他的日记中谈到了灵感的来源， “太阳落山时， 我和两个朋友一起走在路上，天空突然变得像血一样红……我站在那里颤抖着， 然后听到了大自然的尖叫声。” Ⅱ.1.I like The Empire of Light best because it is very beautiful and I feel calm when seeing the peaceful scenery.I like The Scream least because I feel scared about it. 2.Each painting is focused on the artist’s interpretation of nature， especially the aspects of the sky.All the three paintings paint the sky with bright colours and the darkness in each one manifests a typical feature. 【核心知识·巧突破】 核心词汇集释 1.①a　②out　③keep their figures 2.①with　②affection　③on　④have an effect on 3.①on　②coming　③is spotted with 4.①Struck　②on　③It struck her that 5.①泄露　②放宽，放大（衣服等）　③down　④alone ⑤let alone a bed 6.①with　②In　③reacted； reaction ④reacted to the exciting news 重点句型解构 1.①I don’t know what　②what he wants ③what he used to be　④What amazed us 2.①Carrying a heavy backpack　②exhausted 10 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $