UNIT 4 Section Ⅳ Extended reading & Project & Assessment(学用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（译林版）

本讲义围绕记叙文阅读与写作核心知识点，系统梳理情感描写（直接与间接表达）、时间顺序（毕业回溯四年经历）及复合句结构（如before引导状语从句），通过文本架构分析、精读理解题、词汇后缀归纳（-ation名词等）和句型解析构建学习支架，帮助学生从整体到细节掌握文本。 该资料以真实大学生活回忆为载体，通过初入校园的紧张、作业教训等具体实例，培养学生语言能力（情感表达）和思维品质（分析结构逻辑）。词汇学习系统归纳后缀规则，句型解析结合语境应用提升学习能力，课中精读题深化理解，课后练习巩固知识，有效辅助教学与查漏补缺。

Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment 【文本透析·剖语篇】 第一步 1.graduation　2.certificate　3.campus　4.assignment 5.projects　6.professor　7.preparation　8.ready 第二步 1－5　CBCCD 第三步 2.（1）I was happy and relieved， yet worried and anxious about the future.What was my first job going to be like？ This short walk was going to launch me into a whole new world.How would I manage？ Would I be able to carve out a career for myself？ （2）The campus was alive with people.Anxious parents and excited students were talking in small groups， carrying suitcases or walking in and out of dormitory buildings.I wondered if the first day of school was always such a circus.I took a deep breath and carried on into the heart of the campus.Little did I know that I was about to experience the best four years of my life. 【核心知识·巧突破】 核心词汇集释 1.①himself　②composition　③is composed of； is made up of； consists of 2.①reference　②was referred　③With reference to the health guidelines 重点句型解构 　①Before they reached the stadium　②It will be a few years before　③It will not be long before　④before I could stop him　⑤it’ll still be some time before　⑥It was three days before 10 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment My university life 　　[1]I had been waiting with my fellow graduating students for the moment when I would walk out onto the stage to receive my degree certificate①.I was happy and relieved②， yet worried and anxious about the future.What was my first job going to be like？ This short walk was going to launch me into③ a whole new world.How would I manage？ Would I be able to carve out a career④ for myself？My name was called and I moved into the lights.I heard the applause.I knew my parents would be watching and smiling at each other and I tried to relax.I held my certificate against my breast⑤ and smiled at the camera.[2]Before I knew it， the ceremony was over and the curtain⑥ had come down on my university life.Where had the time gone？ Four years had disappeared in a flash⑦.[3]I stood with my certificate in hand and reflected on⑧ those four years. 　　[1]本句是主从复合句。主句使用过去完成进行时had been doing ...； when引导定语从句，修饰先行词moment。 　　[2]本句是and连接的并列句。Before引导时间状语从句，可译为“还未来得及……就……”。 　　[3]句中with my certificate in hand是with复合结构“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语（介词短语）”，在句中作状语。 　　[4]I remembered arriving at university on my very first day， pausing at the gate to look down the long drive⑨.I could feel my hands sweating slightly and I had to hold on tight⑩ to my suitcase.Would I be able to fit in⑪？ Did this new phase of my life mean that I was now mature⑫ enough to be entirely responsible for⑬ my own successes and failures？ [5]I took a few seconds to compose myself⑭ and to take in⑮ the scene that was laid out⑯ before me.The campus was alive with people.Anxious parents and excited students were talking in small groups， carrying suitcases or walking in and out of dormitory⑰ buildings.[6]I wondered if the first day of school was always such a circus⑱.I took a deep breath⑲ and carried on into the heart of the campus.[7]Little did I know that I was about to experience the best four years of my life. 　　[4]动词-ing短语pausing at the gate to look down the long drive作伴随状语。 　　[5]并列的动词不定式短语to compose myself和to take in ...作结果状语；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词scene。 　　[6]if引导宾语从句，意为“是否”，作动词wonder的宾语。 　　[7]该句是倒装句，否定词Little置于句首，句子要用部分倒装。 　　I remembered working on my first assignment⑳.It was a 3，000-word essay㉑ on geometry㉒ and I wasn’t even sure how to begin the first paragraph㉓.Instead of seeking good advice， I kept putting it off㉔.Rather unwisely， I left it to the last minute.As the deadline approached， I had to stay up all night working on my laptop㉕ to complete it.The next day I felt dizzy and started coughing and sneezing㉖.Unsurprisingly， it wasn’t a very good essay.However， this taught me a valuable lesson.[8]As soon as I received the next assignment， I headed straight for the library to find the reference㉗ books I needed for my research， and then created an outline followed by a draft㉘.After careful editing㉙ and polishing㉚， the result was a much better essay than the last， and it was ready in my desk drawer㉛ days before the deadline.I would stick to㉜ this approach for the duration of my studies. 　　[8]句中As soon as引导时间状语从句；主句中headed和created是并列谓语；动词不定式短语to find the ...research作目的状语；I needed for my research为省略that或which的定语从句，修饰先行词reference books；followed by a draft作后置定语，修饰名词outline。 　　I remembered cooperating with my classmates on group projects.Everyone would be assigned a specific task， and my role was usually to produce the presentation㉝.We would meet in the school cafeteria㉞ to bounce㉟ ideas off each other， and would laugh and argue and laugh some more as we learnt to work together as a team.[9]I realized that learning didn’t have to be a solo effort and that working with other people could be much more stimulating㊱ and productive than working alone. 　　I remembered visiting my favourite professor， a tall gentleman with his beard and hair going grey， during his office hours for the first time.Initially， I found his strictness intimidating㊲， but quickly came to admire him for his vast knowledge and deep understanding of his subject.[10]It soon dawned on㊳ me that many university professors are quite willing to share what they know， and they do take a genuine interest in㊴ their students’ intellectual development. 　　[9]本句是主从复合句。两个that均引导并列的宾语从句，作动词realized的宾语。 　　[10]It 作形式主语，真正的主语是 that 引导的主语从句；主语从句中又包含 what 引导的宾语从句；do用来强调谓语动词take。 　　[11]I heard my parents’ voices calling me and I returned to the moment.After the graduation ceremony we headed home by train.I looked out of the carriage㊵ window at the world speeding by.[12]The journey home gave me time to think about what the future might hold for me.University has changed me.[13]Not only am I now more intellectually prepared for the world of work， but I am also more confident about my own abilities.I have grown as an adult and I have also discovered more about myself.Yes， I am ready for a new phase in my life. 　　[11]句中包含“感官动词（hear）＋宾语＋宾语补足语（动词-ing形式）”结构。 　　[12]句中what引导宾语从句，作介词about的宾语。 　　[13]本句为not only ...but also ...句型。not only置于句首时，not only后面的句子用部分倒装， but also后面的句子不倒装。 ①certificate n.文凭，结业证书；证明，证明书 receive one’s degree certificate 领取学位证书 ②relieved adj.释然的；感到宽慰的；放心的 ③launch sb into 使某人开始做，使某人投入 ④carve out a career创出一番事业 ⑤breast n.胸部，胸脯 ⑥curtain n.幕，帷幕；窗帘；帘，幔；覆盖物 ⑦in a flash 转瞬间，立即 ⑧reflect on sth反思某事，反省某事 ⑨look down the long drive 望着长长的车道 ⑩tight adv.紧紧地，牢固地 adj.牢固的；严格的；密集的；亲密的 hold on tight to紧紧握住 ⑪ fit in 适应 ⑫ mature adj.明白事理的，成熟的 vi.成熟，长成；有判断力 ⑬ be responsible for 对……负责 ⑭ compose oneself 使自己镇定下来 ⑮ take in （一下子）看清，看明白；收留，收容；欺骗，使上当；理解，领会 ⑯ lay out （整齐地）铺开，展开，摊开 ⑰ dormitory n.学生宿舍，集体宿舍 ⑱ circus n.热闹场面；马戏团 ⑲ take a deep breath 深吸一口气 ⑳ work on one’s first assignment 做第一份作业 ㉑essay n.文章，短文 ㉒geometry n.几何（学）；几何形状 a 3，000-word essay on geometry 一篇三千字的几何论文 ㉓paragraph n.段，段落 ㉔put off 推迟，拖延 ㉕laptop n.笔记本电脑，便携式电脑 ㉖sneeze vi.打喷嚏 n.喷嚏，喷嚏声 ㉗reference n.参考；提到；推荐信 vt.查阅，参考 reference books 参考书 ㉘draft n.草稿，草案，草图 vt.起草，草拟 ㉙edit vt.& vi.编辑，校订 ㉚polish vt.& vi.修改，润饰；擦光，磨光 n.抛光，上光；完美，娴熟，精湛 ㉛drawer n.抽屉 ㉜stick to 坚持；遵守（诺言、协议、决定、原则等），遵循（规则） ㉝presentation n.幻灯片演示；提交，授予；展示会；演出 ㉞cafeteria n.自助餐厅，自助食堂 ㉟bounce vt.（向某人）试探地透露（主意） vi.跳动 n.弹跳；活力 bounce ideas off sb 向某人试探地透露主意 ㊱stimulating adj.趣味盎然的，激励人的 ㊲intimidating adj.吓人的，令人胆怯的 ㊳dawn on sb 使某人开始明白，使某人渐渐领悟，使某人开始理解 ㊴take an interest in 对……感兴趣 ㊵carriage n.（火车的）客车厢；（旧时载客的）四轮马车 我的大学生活 　　我和我的毕业生同学们一起等待着走上领奖台领取学位证书的那一刻。我心中既高兴又欣慰，同时又对未来怀着忧虑。我的第一份工作会是什么样的？这短短的几步路将会领我进入一个全新的世界。我该如何应对？我能为自己开创一番事业吗？我的名字被叫到了，我走到灯光下。我听见了掌声。我知道我的父母正在看着我，相视而笑，而我试着让自己放松。我把证书抱在胸前，对着镜头微笑。不知不觉中，典礼结束了，我的大学生活已然落下帷幕。时间都去哪儿了？四年时间一晃而过。我手拿证书伫立着，回想起那四年的时光。 　　我记得来上大学的第一天，我在校门口停下，望着长长的车道。我能感到自己的双手在微微出汗，我只能紧紧握住行李箱。我能适应吗？我人生的这个新阶段是否意味着我现在已经足够成熟，可以完全为自己的成功和失败负责？我花了几秒钟时间让自己镇定下来，并观察了一番眼前的情形。校园里人来人往。神情焦虑的家长和兴高采烈的学生有的在三三两两地交谈着，有的提着大包小包，有的正出入宿舍楼。我好奇开学第一天是否都是这么热闹。我深吸一口气，继续往校园中心走。我几乎没想到我就要经历我一生中最美好的四年时光。 　　我记得我做第一份作业时的情形。那是一篇三千字的几何论文，而我甚至不太确定该怎么开始第一段。我没有去寻求好的建议，而是一直拖着没下笔。相当不明智的是，我拖到了最后一刻。眼看规定期限就要到了，我只能抱着笔记本电脑熬了一整夜，把论文赶了出来。第二天我就感觉头晕，开始咳嗽、打喷嚏。可想而知，文章写得并不是很好。不过这给我上了宝贵的一课。在我刚收到第二份作业时，我就直奔图书馆，查阅研究所需的文献，然后定提纲、写初稿。经过仔细校订和润色之后，结果是比上一稿好很多的文章，并且在截止日期前几天它就在书桌抽屉里，随时可交。在之后的学习生涯中我都坚持了这种做法。 　　我记得和我的同学们一起合作完成小组项目。每个人都会分配到一项特定的任务，我的工作通常是制作幻灯片。我们会在学校的自助餐厅开会，大家各抒己见。在我们学着团队协作的过程中，我们笑着，吵着，再笑着。我明白了学习不必只是一个人的拼搏，与他人合作会比单打独斗更妙趣横生也成果斐然。 　　我记得第一次去拜访我最喜欢的教授，那是在他的办公时间。他是一位身材高大、须发皆白的先生。起初，我觉得他严厉得吓人，但我很快就开始因他广博的学识和对其学科的深刻理解而崇拜他了。很快我就开始明白，许多大学教授非常愿意分享他们所知道的，并且他们的确真心实意地关注学生的智力发展。 　　我听到父母在叫我，于是回过神来。毕业典礼结束后，我们坐火车回家。我看着车窗外飞驰而过的世界。返乡的路上，我有了时间来思考未来会带给我什么。大学改变了我。如今我不仅为职业生涯作好了更多学识上的准备，对个人能力也更有信心了。我已长大成人，对自己也更加了解。是的，我已准备好拥抱下一个人生阶段了。 第一步：析架构，理文本脉络 Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks. 第二步：精读文，达明察秋毫 Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer. 1.How does the author tell his university life？（　　） A.By making comparisons. B.By imaging some future scenes. C.By telling some concrete memories. D.By delivering some vivid speeches. 2.What is the correct order used by the author to finish his studies after he finished his first assignment？（　　） ①write a draft ②create an outline ③edit and polish carefully ④head straight for the library to find the reference books A.①②③④ B.④②①③ C.④③②① D.①④②③ 3.What does the author want to convey in paragraph 3？（　　） A.Staying up late will make people ill. B.Asking for advice is essential when faced with difficulties. C.Setting out to work immediately as soon as you receive it is important. D.Turning to the library for help can help you finish your work ahead of time. 4.Which of the following is nearest in meaning to “a solo effort” in paragraph 4？（　　） A.Singing alone. B.Working hard. C.Working individually. D.Learning new knowledge. 5.Which of the following is the purpose of the passage？（　　） A.To prove a theory. B.To tell us a funny story. C.To advertise his university. D.To look back on unforgettable experiences in college. 第三步：通词句，学语言表达 1.词汇学习——循规律，记单词 本板块学习了以-ation结尾的名词presentation n.幻灯片演示；提交，授予；展示会；演出。 名词后缀-ion归纳如下： 规则 例词 几乎所有以-ate结尾的动词在变为名词时首先去掉e再加-ion educate→education， liberate→liberation， translate→translation， graduate→graduation， separate→separation， operate→operation 多数以-t结尾的动词直接在词尾加-ion，少数以-te结尾的动词首先去掉e再加-ion act→action， invent→invention， inspect→inspection， elect→election， select→selection， connect→connection， collect→collection， instruct→instruction， devote→devotion， pollute→pollution 多数以-ss结尾的动词直接加-ion discuss→discussion， oppress→oppression， express→expression， possess→possession 多数以-de结尾与少数以-d结尾的动词先把de或d变成s再加-ion decide→decision， divide→division， provide→provision， invade→invasion， expand→expansion， extend→extension 以-mit结尾的动词，先把t变成ss，再加-ion admit→admission， commit→commission， permit→permission， transmit→transmission 多数以-fy结尾的动词先把y改成i再加-cation，少数以-efy或-fy结尾的动词先去掉y再加-action modify→modification， satisfy→satisfaction 有些动词不是加-ion，而是加-ition、-tion、-ation或-sion而变成名词，其中有些词根因读音关系而发生了变化 add→addition， attend→attention， produce→production， reduce→reduction， solve→solution， determine→determination， explain→explanation， found→foundation， observe→observation， transport→transportation， relax→relaxation 2.美句欣赏——赏佳句，品用法 情感描写：人物情感描写是对人物在特定环境下产生的想法、感触、联想等心理活动的描写，旨在深刻揭示人物的精神世界。在读后续写中，描写人物的情感是常用的描写方法，恰当的情感描写能够表现文中人物的性格，推动事件的发展。在描述人物情感时，要突出文章的中心，与人物的性格吻合，符合事件发展的逻辑。要选用恰当的词句通过情感描写精确地刻画人物的内心世界。 请从课文中找出此类句子，体会作者的情绪变化。 （1）直接用情感词表达人物的喜怒哀乐情绪。如happy，delighted，pleased，joyful，enjoyable，surprised，shocked，amazed，astonished，to one’s surprise，in relief，in panic等描述人物的情绪。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （2）利用动作和环境描写，融情于景烘托人物的情感。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 核心词汇集释 1.compose oneself使自己镇定下来 教材原句　I took a few seconds to compose myself and to take in the scene that was laid out before me.我花了几秒钟时间让自己镇定下来，并观察了一番眼前的情形。 【用法】 （1）compose vt.& vi.　　　作曲；组成；撰写；使镇静 compose a letter/speech/poem撰写信函/演讲稿/诗歌 （2）be composed of＝be made up of＝consist of由……组成（或构成） （3）composer n. 作曲家，作曲者 composition n. 组成，构成；创作，作曲；作文，作品 【佳句】　Faced with the dilemma， he was firstly upset and anxious， but soon composed himself. （心理描写） 面对这种进退两难的局面，他起初感到烦恼和焦虑，但很快就镇定下来了。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①The weak patient lay back on the bed and tried to compose 　　　　　　（he）. ② （人教必修二）He graduated from university in 1995，and then received a master’s degree in musical 　　　　　　（compose） from the Juilliard School in New York in 1997. 【写美】　一句多译 ③委员会由教授和工程师组成。 →The committee 　　　　　　　　　　professors and engineers.（compose） →The committee 　　　　　　　　　　professors and engineers.（make） →The committee 　　　　　　　　　　professors and engineers.（consist） 2.reference n.参考；提到；推荐信vt.查阅，参考 教材原句　As soon as I received the next assignment， I headed straight for the library to find the reference books I needed for my research， and then created an outline followed by a draft. 在我刚收到第二份作业时，我就直奔图书馆，查阅研究所需的文献，然后定提纲、写初稿。 【用法】 （1）reference books　　　　参考书 for reference 以备参考，供参考 in/with reference to 关于；根据……而论 （2）refer vi. 提到；参考，查阅 vt. 查阅，参考 refer to 提到，谈到；指的是；参考，查阅 refer to ...as ... 把……称为…… 【佳句】　The library contains many popular reference books. 这家图书馆藏有许多常用的参考书。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①No 　　　　　（refer） books are to be taken out of the reading room without permission. ②Teacher Zhang 　　　　　　（refer） to as Mum Zhang by her students during those days. 【写美】　完成句子 ③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， it is recommended to exercise at least three times a week. 参照健康指南，建议每周至少锻炼三次。 重点句型解构 ◇句型公式：before引导的时间状语从句 教材原句　Before I knew it， the ceremony was over and the curtain had come down on my university life.不知不觉中，典礼结束了，我的大学生活已然落下帷幕。 【用法】 （1）before引导时间状语从句，主要用于以下几种句型： ①It will be＋一段时间＋before ...（从句用一般现在时）要过……时间才…… ②It won’t be＋一段时间＋before ...（从句用一般现在时）过不了……时间就…… ③It was not long before ...（从句用一般过去时）没过多久就…… ④It was＋时间段＋before ...（从句用一般过去时）过了……时间才…… （2）before作为连词，用来引导时间状语从句时，译法较灵活，根据语境可翻译成以下几种意思： ①在……之前；②……之后才……；③趁着（还没有）……，以免……，以防……；④（不久）就…… 【品悟】　You’d better go quickly before I change my mind. 在我改变主意之前，你最好快点走。 【写美】　完成句子 ①　　　　　　　　　　　，the match had begun. 在他们到达体育场之前，比赛就已经开始了。 ②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 we can make a breakthrough in this research. 我们要过好几年才能在这项研究上取得突破。 ③　　　　　　　　　　　　 we get rid of the trouble in finance. 用不了多久我们就能摆脱财政困境了。 ④He took the bad news out of his mouth 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 我还没来得及阻止他，他就把这个坏消息说了出来。 ⑤I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long， but 　　　　　　　　　　　　　Brian gets back. 很抱歉让你等了这么久，但布莱恩还要过一段时间才能回来。 ⑥　　　　　　　　　　　　 he made the decision to accept our suggestion. 三天后他才作出接受我们的提议的决定。 提示：完成课后作业　UNIT 4　Section Ⅳ 10 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $