UNIT 3 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage(学用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（译林版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦名词性从句复习，通过例句引导学生感知其句法功能，系统梳理连接词（that、whether/if、疑问词等）用法、it作形式主语/宾语及虚拟语气规则，构建从感知到应用的学习支架。 资料以“我的发现”环节培养学生自主归纳的思维品质，结合即时演练与高考真题实例提升语言应用能力，结构清晰的知识框架助力课中教学实施与课后学生自主查漏补缺，有效落实核心素养发展。

Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage 名词性从句复习 阅读下列句子并体会加黑部分的用法。 1.As you start to make plans for what you want to do with your future， you might ask a question whether you should start your own business. 2.Another advantage is that you will be able to better provide for yourself and your family，or even the economy will benefit if you achieve commercial success. 3.It is no surprise that being one’s own boss is appealing to many people. 4.The fact that you have a passion for your idea will make it much easier to motivate yourself. 5.It is also important whether it should fit your skills. 6.Our final tip is that you should consider whether you want to make your business a solo one or find one or two partners. 【我的发现】 （1）名词性从句具有　　　　的句法功能，在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语。通常使用　　　　、whether或者疑问词来引导名词性从句。 （2）句3、句5为　　　　　　从句，句1（前半部分）为　　　　从句，句1（后半部分）、句4为　　　　从句，句2、句6为　　　　从句。 （3）句3、句5中使用了　　　　作形式主语，而真正的主语从句置于句末。 　　名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 一、名词性从句的连接词 类别 连接词 用法 连词 that、whether、if （1）只起连接作用，在从句中均不充当任何成分； （2）that无意义；whether/if均表示“是否” 连接代词 what、whatever、which、whichever、 who、whoever、whom、whomever、 whose 既起连接作用，又在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或者定语 连接副词 when、where、how、why 既起连接作用，又在从句中作状语 1.that引导名词性从句的用法 （1）that只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分，本身在句中也没有含义。 That he passed the exam surprised us all. 他通过了考试，这让我们所有人都很惊讶。 Her worry is that her daughter is not getting along well with her classmates. 她担心的是她女儿和同学们相处得不好。 He told me （that） he would go to college the next year. 他告诉我他明年会去上大学。 （2）that在引导名词性从句时，常可省略，但在以下情况中，that不可省略。 ①that引导的主语从句位于句首时，that不可省略； ②当动词后带有两个并列的宾语从句时，引导第二个从句的连词that不可省略； ③当that引导的宾语从句前有it作其形式宾语时，that不可省略； ④that引导的从句作介词的宾语时，that不可省略； ⑤引导表语从句和同位语从句时，that一般不可省略。 That the earth moves around the sun is a well-known fact. 地球围绕太阳转是一个众所周知的事实。 He said （that） he would come to the meeting and that he would bring some important documents. 他说他会来参加会议，并且会带一些重要文件。 We find it a big surprise that she is still alive in such a serious earthquake. 她在如此严重的地震中还活着，我们感到非常惊讶。 I didn’t tell him anything on the phone except that I needed the money. 电话里我什么都没有告诉他，只是说我需要钱。 The news that our team has won the game is exciting. 我们队赢了这场比赛的消息很令人兴奋。 2.whether/if引导名词性从句的用法 （1）whether、if引导的名词性从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问句转化而来的，whether与if表示“是否”，只起连接词的作用，引导从句，在从句中不作任何成分。 （2）whether和if有时可通用，但在下列情况下，只可用whether： ①whether引导主语从句并置于句首； ②引导表语从句； ③whether从句作介词宾语； ④从句中有or not； ⑤后接动词不定式。 Whether we will go for a picnic tomorrow depends on whether it will be fine. 我们明天是否去野餐取决于天气是否晴朗。 The question is whether we should accept the offer. 问题在于我们是否应该接受这个提议。 Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。 She hasn’t decided whether to go or stay. 她还没决定是去还是留。 【即时演练1】　单句语法填空 　①He has made it clear 　　　　　　he will not give in. ②We’re thinking about 　　　　　　we should invest in this project. ③　　　　　　 we will go on a picnic depends on the weather. ④　　　　　　 you remember my birthday touches me deeply. ⑤I don’t know 　　　　　　he still lives there after so many years. ⑥The news 　　　　　　our school won the championship spread quickly. 3.疑问词who， whom， whose， what， which， where， why， when， how引导名词性从句的用法 疑问词引导的名词性从句由特殊疑问句转化而来，它们的特点是： （1）疑问词保留自己的疑问含义； （2）疑问词在从句中充当句子成分，如主语、宾语、定语或状语； （3）疑问词引导的从句一律用陈述语序，不能用疑问语序。 Who will be our new teacher is still unknown. 谁将成为我们的新老师还未知。 I wonder whose book this is. 我想知道这是谁的书。 Do you know whom they are looking for？ 你知道他们在找谁吗？ That’s where she always is at this time of day. 每天这个时候她总是在那里。 （2023·全国甲卷）What we discovered is that it’s unwise to judge what you eat only by its appearance. 我们发现，仅仅从外表来判断你吃的东西是不明智的。 4.whatever， whichever， whoever， whomever引导名词性从句的用法 whatever， whichever， whoever， whomever可引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句，并在从句中作主语、宾语和表语等。在此用法中，whatever， whoever等在从句中通常不含疑问意义。whatever＝anything that；whoever＝anyone who。 Whatever you can do helps since your support is important to our work. ＝Anything that you can do helps since your support is important to our work. 你做的一切对我们都有帮助，因为你的支持对我们的工作很重要。 Whichever of the preventive measures benefits the public should be promoted. ＝Any of the preventive measures that benefits the public should be promoted. 任何对公众有用的预防措施都应该被推广。 The gold medal will be awarded to whoever wins the first place in the bicycle race. ＝The gold medal will be awarded to anyone who wins the first place in the bicycle race. 自行车比赛得第一名的人会获得金牌。 【即时演练2】　选词填空 who， whom， whose， what， where， when， how， whatever， whoever， whichever ①The boy is her son， so she believes 　　　　　　he says. ②The problem of 　　　　　　we can finish the task ahead of time is very important. ③　　　　　　 the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather. ④（2024·全国甲卷）On a cool， starry night in mid-September 1870， four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in 　　　　　　is now northwestern Wyoming. ⑤The problem is 　　　　　　we can get to solve this question. ⑥　　　　　　 team wins the game will get a big prize. ⑦I’ll give the ticket to 　　　　　　wants it. ⑧　　　　　　 idea is better has not been decided. ⑨This is 　　　　　　we found the boy who lives next to me. ⑩Can you tell me 　　　　　　you met at the party？ 二、it作形式主语或形式宾语的名词性从句 1.that引导主语从句通常用it作形式主语，而将that从句置于句末。 It’s a pity that you missed the film. 你错过了那部电影真是遗憾。 It seems obvious that he has made a mistake. 很明显他犯了一个错误。 It is suggested that the meeting （should） be put off. 有人建议会议延期召开。 2.whether/who/what等疑问词引导主语从句时也常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语从句置于句末。 It is uncertain whether he will come to the party. 他是否会来参加派对还不确定。 It is still unknown which team will win the match. 还不知道哪支队伍将赢得比赛。 3.动词find， feel， consider， make， believe等后面的宾语从句跟宾语补足语时，常使用形式宾语it，而将真正的宾语从句置于句末。 I find it necessary that we should do some exercise every day. 我觉得我们每天进行一些锻炼是有必要的。 4.动词（如have， take “认为”， put“表达”， like， see to等）＋形式宾语it＋that从句。 You must see to it that all the doors are locked before you leave. 你离开前务必确保所有的门都锁好了。 I like it that you came. 你来了，我很高兴。 I take it that you agree with the plan. 我认为你同意这个计划。 5.表示喜爱、憎恶等感情的动词（enjoy， hate， love， like， dislike， appreciate， prefer等）＋it＋when （if） 从句。 I enjoy it when it rains in the summer evening. 我喜欢夏天夜晚下雨的时候。 They dislike it when someone interrupts them while they are speaking. 他们不喜欢有人在他们说话时打断他们。 I would really appreciate it if she offered to help. 如果她愿意帮忙，我会十分感激。 三、名词性从句中使用虚拟语气的用法 1.在主语从句中用来表示“惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此”等，谓语动词用虚拟语气“（should＋）do”，常用的句型有： ①It is necessary （important， natural， strange， etc.） that ... ②It is a pity （a shame， no wonder， etc.） that ... ③It is suggested （requested， proposed， desired， etc.） that ... 2.表示“建议、请求、命令、要求、坚持”等及物动词后面的宾语从句中谓语要用虚拟语气“（should＋）do”，常用的这类动词有suggest， propose， insist， desire， demand， request， order， command等。 3.主语是suggestion， proposal， request， order等表示“建议、请求、要求、命令”等意思的词时，表语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气“（should＋）do”。 4.表示“建议、请求、命令、要求”等意思的名词后面的同位语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气“（should＋）do”。 It was suggested by him that we （should） hold another meeting to discuss the question. ＝He suggested that we （should） hold another meeting to discuss the question. ＝His suggestion was that we （should） hold another meeting to discuss the question. ＝He put forward a suggestion that we （should） hold another meeting to discuss the question. 他的建议是我们举行另一次会议来讨论这个问题。 【即时演练3】　单句语法填空 ①It puzzles me 　　　　　　he solved the difficult problem. ②The teacher ordered that the students 　　　　　　（finish） their homework on time. ③I have made it a rule 　　　　　　I keep diaries. ④It is doubtful 　　　　　　he will come here. ⑤It was not clear 　　　　　　the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner. ⑥I would appreciate 　　　　　　if you could help me with my English. 提示：完成课后作业　UNIT 3　Section Ⅱ 6 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage 【重难语法·要攻克】 我的发现 （1）名词　that　（2）主语　宾语　同位语　表语　（3）it 即时演练1 ①that　②whether　③Whether　④That　⑤if/whether ⑥that 即时演练2 ①whatever　②how　③When　④what　⑤who ⑥Whichever　⑦whoever　⑧Whose　⑨where　⑩whom 即时演练3 ①how　②（should） finish　③that　④whether　⑤why　⑥it 6 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $