Unit 5 Learning from nature 非谓语动词作主语、宾语和表语（单元核心语法精练）英语外研版选择性必修第三册

Unit 5 Learning from nature 核心语法精练（非谓语动词作主语、宾语和表语） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 4 一、单句语法填空（词汇句式全考查） 4 二、句型转换 8 三、翻译句子 11 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 13 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） 13 题型二 语篇语法填空（模考真题） 14 一、单句语法填空（词汇句式全考查） 1. ______ (learn) from nature is a wise choice for human beings. 2. It is important ______ (protect) the natural environment around us. 3. His hobby is ______ (observe) animals and plants in the wild. 4. She enjoys ______ (draw) inspiration from natural scenery. 5. We decided ______ (make) a short video about nature’s wisdom. 6. ______ (compare) human-made structures with natural ones can help us design better buildings. 7. It is no use ______ (argue) about who is right—we need to learn from nature together. 8. My dream is ______ (build) a house inspired by bird nests. 9. They practice ______ (use) natural materials in their designs every day. 10. ______ (understand) nature’s laws requires patience and careful observation. 11. He refused ______ (give) up his research on nature-inspired inventions. 12. The key to success is ______ (learn) from the mistakes we make in studying nature. 13. I suggest ______ (hold) a speech contest about “Nature is our best teacher”. 14. ______ (see) the beautiful sunset over the lake made her feel peaceful. 15. It is necessary for us ______ (save) endangered species in nature. 16. She can’t stand ______ (pollute) the rivers and forests in nature. 17. His job is ______ (collect) data about how nature influences architecture. 18. We look forward to ______ (receive) your video about nature inspiration. 19. ______ (ignore) the power of nature will lead to serious consequences. 20. It took them three months ______ (finish) the comparative essay on nature and human design. 21. He admitted ______ (not realize) the benefits of learning from nature before. 22. The purpose of the project is ______ (show) people the beauty of nature. 23. Would you mind ______ (share) your ideas about nature-inspired design? 24. ______ (explore) the secrets of nature is what scientists are doing now. 25. It is worth ______ (read) books about how animals inspire human inventions. 26. She hopes ______ (become) an architect who designs buildings with nature in mind. 27. The difficulty is ______ (find) enough natural materials for the project. 28. They keep ______ (try) new ways to apply nature’s principles in technology. 29. ______ (appreciate) nature’s beauty can make us more grateful for life. 30. I remember ______ (visit) the nature reserve where I got lots of inspiration. 答案： 1. Learning：动名词作主语，表泛指的动作。 2. to protect：it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语。 3. observing/to observe：动名词/不定式作表语，表主语的具体内容。 4. drawing：enjoy后接动名词作宾语。 5. to make：decide后接不定式作宾语。 6. Comparing：动名词作主语，表具体的动作。 7. arguing：it is no use后接动名词作真正的主语。 8. to build/building：不定式/动名词作表语，表主语的具体内容。 9. using：practice后接动名词作宾语。 10. Understanding：动名词作主语，表抽象的动作。 11. to give：refuse后接不定式作宾语。 12. learning/to learn：动名词/不定式作表语，表主语的核心内容。 13. holding：suggest后接动名词作宾语。 14. Seeing：动名词作主语，表具体的动作。 15. to save：it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语，for us为逻辑主语。 16. polluting：can’t stand后接动名词作宾语。 17. collecting/to collect：动名词/不定式作表语，表主语的具体工作内容。 18. receiving：look forward to后接动名词作宾语（to为介词）。 19. Ignoring：动名词作主语，表抽象的动作。 20. to finish：it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语。 21. not having realized：admit后接动名词作宾语，根据before用动名词的完成式。 22. to show：不定式作表语，表主语的目的。 23. sharing：mind后接动名词作宾语。 24. Exploring：动名词作主语，表抽象的动作。 25. reading：be worth后接动名词作宾语（主动表被动）。 26. to become：hope后接不定式作宾语。 27. finding/to find：动名词/不定式作表语，表主语的具体内容。 28. trying：keep后接动名词作宾语。 29. Appreciating：动名词作主语，表抽象的动作。 30. visiting：remember后接动名词作宾语，表“记得做过某事”。 二、句型转换 1. It is necessary to protect natural resources.（改为动名词作主语） → ______ natural resources ______ necessary. 2. Her dream is that she will build a green - house.（改为不定式作表语） → Her dream is ______ ______ a green - house. 3. She enjoys drawing natural scenery.（改为否定句） → She ______ ______ drawing natural scenery. 4. We decided to make a nature - inspired model.（改为同义句，用make up one’s mind） → We ______ ______ ______ ______ to make a nature - inspired model. 5. Comparing natural and man - made structures is useful.（改为it作形式主语） → It ______ useful ______ compare natural and man - made structures. 6. It is no use arguing about nature protection.（改为动名词作主语） → ______ about nature protection ______ no use. 7. His hobby is observing birds in the wild.（改为不定式作表语） → His hobby is ______ ______ birds in the wild. 8. They practice using natural materials every day.（改为一般疑问句） → ______ they ______ using natural materials every day? 9. Understanding nature’s laws needs patience.（改为不定式作主语） → ______ ______ nature’s laws ______ patience. 10. He refused to give up his nature research.（改为同义句，用turn down） → He ______ ______ ______ up his nature research. 11. The key to success is learning from nature.（改为不定式作表语） → The key to success is ______ ______ from nature. 12. I suggest holding a nature - themed speech.（改为同义句，用suggest that从句） → I suggest that we ______ a nature - themed speech. 13. Seeing the natural beauty makes her happy.（改为it作形式主语） → It ______ her happy ______ see the natural beauty. 14. It is necessary for us to save wild animals.（改为动名词作主语） → ______ wild animals ______ necessary for us. 15. She can’t stand polluting the environment.（改为否定句，加强语气） → She ______ ______ stand polluting the environment at all. 16. His job is collecting data on natural resources.（改为不定式作表语） → His job is ______ ______ data on natural resources. 17. We look forward to receiving your nature photos.（改为同义句，用expect） → We ______ ______ receive your nature photos. 18. Ignoring nature’s warnings will cause trouble.（改为it作形式主语） → It ______ cause trouble ______ ignore nature’s warnings. 19. It took them a year to study nature’s rules.（改为动名词作主语） → ______ nature’s rules ______ them a year. 20. He admitted not knowing the importance of nature.（改为不定式否定） → He admitted ______ ______ ______ the importance of nature. 21. The purpose of the project is showing nature’s value.（改为不定式作表语） → The purpose of the project is ______ ______ nature’s value. 22. Would you mind sharing your nature - related ideas?（改为同义句，用Would you please） → Would you please ______ your nature - related ideas? 23. Exploring nature’s secrets is scientists’ work.（改为it作形式主语） → It ______ scientists’ work ______ explore nature’s secrets. 24. It is worth reading books on nature - inspired inventions.（改为动名词作主语） → ______ books on nature - inspired inventions ______ worth it. 25. She hopes to become a nature - loving designer.（改为同义句，用dream of） → She dreams of ______ a nature - loving designer. 26. The difficulty is finding natural materials.（改为不定式作表语） → The difficulty is ______ ______ natural materials. 27. They keep trying new ways to learn from nature.（改为否定句） → They ______ ______ trying new ways to learn from nature. 28. Appreciating nature can make us peaceful.（改为it作形式主语） → It can make us peaceful ______ ______ nature. 29. I remember visiting the nature reserve.（改为不定式，表“记得要做”） → I remember ______ ______ the nature reserve. 30. It is important to respect nature’s laws.（改为动名词作主语） → ______ nature’s laws ______ important. 答案： 1. Protecting; is：动名词短语作主语，谓语用单数is。 2. to build：不定式作表语，表梦想的内容。 3. doesn’t enjoy：enjoy否定用doesn’t + 动词原形。 4. made up our minds：decide to do同义转换为make up one’s mind to do。 5. is; to：it作形式主语，真正主语用不定式to compare。 6. Arguing; is：动名词短语作主语，be动词用is。 7. to observe：不定式作表语，表爱好的内容。 8. Do; practice：一般疑问句，主语they，助动词用Do + 动词原形。 9. To understand; needs：不定式作主语，谓语用单数needs。 10. turning down giving：refuse to give up同义转换为turn down giving up。 11. to learn：不定式作表语，表关键内容。 12. hold：suggest that从句用(should) + 动词原形。 13. makes; to：it作形式主语，真正主语用不定式to see。 14. Saving; is：动名词短语作主语，be动词用is。 15. can’t; at all：can’t stand加强否定用can’t...at all。 16. to collect：不定式作表语，表工作内容。 17. expect to：look forward to同义转换为expect to + 动词原形。 18. will; to：it作形式主语，真正主语用不定式to ignore。 19. Studying; took：动名词短语作主语，谓语用took。 20. not to know：admit后接不定式否定not to know。 21. to show：不定式作表语，表目的。 22. share：Would you please后接动词原形。 23. is; to：it作形式主语，真正主语用不定式to explore。 24. Reading; is：动名词短语作主语，be动词用is。 25. becoming：dream of后接动名词becoming。 26. to find：不定式作表语，表困难的内容。 27. don’t keep：keep否定用don’t + 动词原形。 28. to appreciate：it作形式宾语，真正宾语用不定式to appreciate。 29. to visit：remember to do表记得要做某事。 30. Respecting; is：动名词短语作主语，be动词用is。 三、翻译句子 1. 仿生学是一门从自然界获取灵感来解决人类问题的学科。 2. 建筑师从蜂巢的结构中获得灵感，设计出了节能建筑。 3. 这种新型材料模仿荷叶的特性，具有防水和自清洁功能。 4. 令我们惊叹的是，许多生物的生存智慧远超人类的想象。 5. 为了减少环境污染，科学家们正从自然中寻找绿色解决方案。 6. 他观察到的自然现象帮助他发明了一种新的环保设备。 7. 蝴蝶翅膀的变色原理被应用于新型显示器的研发中。 8. 生态文学作品通常体现了人类与自然和谐共生的理念。 9. 无论是深海生物还是极地动物，都能给人类带来创新灵感。 10. 我们应该保护自然生态，这不仅是责任也是获取灵感的源泉。 11. 她声称从植物生长中获得了创业灵感，其实只是借用了相关概念。 12. 定语从句在英语写作中能让我们更清晰地修饰名词和代词。 13. 生物学家认为自然界最神奇的适应能力是物种进化的结果。 14. 对比不同生物的生存策略能帮助我们开发更高效的技术。 15. 自然的复杂性没有阻碍科技发展，反而激发了更多创新想法。 16. 多项研究表明，亲近自然有助于改善人类的身心健康。 17. 当被问到如何获得设计灵感时，设计师说源于对自然的观察。 18. 他的环保理念让他在可持续发展领域获得了广泛认可。 19. 我们小组正在研究从萤火虫身上获取灵感的新型照明技术。 20. 真正的自然智慧在于与万物和谐相处而非征服自然的能力。 答案： 1. Bionics is a discipline that draws inspiration from nature to solve human problems. 解析：“仿生学”用bionics；定语从句that draws inspiration from修饰discipline，不定式表目的。 2. Architects drew inspiration from the structure of honeycombs and designed energy-efficient buildings. 解析：“draw inspiration from”表“从……获取灵感”；“蜂巢”honeycomb，“节能建筑”energy-efficient buildings。 3. This new material imitates the characteristics of lotus leaves and has waterproof and self-cleaning functions. 解析：“模仿”用imitates；“防水的”waterproof，“自清洁的”self-cleaning，并列定语简洁。 4. To our amazement, the survival wisdom of many organisms is far beyond human imagination. 解析：“令我们惊叹的是”用to our amazement；“生存智慧”survival wisdom，“远超”用far beyond。 5. To reduce environmental pollution, scientists are seeking green solutions from nature. 解析：不定式to reduce表目的；“绿色解决方案”用green solutions。 6. The natural phenomena he observed helped him invent a new environmental protection device. 解析：过去分词短语observed作后置定语；“环保设备”environmental protection device。 7. The principle of color change in butterfly wings has been applied to the research and development of new displays. 解析：现在完成时被动has been applied to表“被应用于”；“研发”用research and development (R&D)。 8. Ecological literary works usually reflect the concept of harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. 解析：“生态文学作品”ecological literary works；“和谐共生”用harmonious coexistence。 9. Whether it is deep-sea creatures or polar animals, they can bring innovative inspiration to humans. 解析：“whether...or...”表“无论……还是……”；“创新灵感”innovative inspiration。 10. We should protect the natural ecology, which is not only a responsibility but also a source of inspiration. 解析：非限制性定语从句which is not only...but also...补充说明；“灵感源泉”用source of inspiration。 11. She claimed to have obtained entrepreneurial inspiration from plant growth, but in fact she only borrowed relevant concepts. 解析：“claim to have done”表“声称做过某事”；“entrepreneurial inspiration”创业灵感。 12. Attributive clauses allow us to modify nouns and pronouns more clearly in English writing. 解析：“定语从句”为attributive clauses；“修饰”用modify。 13. Biologists believe that the most amazing adaptability in nature is the result of species evolution. 解析：宾语从句that...作believe的宾语；“适应能力”adaptability，“物种进化”species evolution。 14. Comparing the survival strategies of different organisms can help us develop more efficient technologies. 解析：动名词短语Comparing...作主语；“生存策略”survival strategies。 15. The complexity of nature has not hindered technological development; instead, it has inspired more innovative ideas. 解析：现在完成时强调影响；“hinder”表“阻碍”，“instead”表转折。 16. Multiple studies have shown that getting close to nature helps improve human physical and mental health. 解析：“multiple studies”多项研究；宾语从句**that getting close to nature...**作shown的宾语。 17. When asked how to get design inspiration, the designer said it came from observing nature. 解析：状语从句省略when (he was) asked；“come from observing nature”表“源于对自然的观察”。 18. His environmental protection concepts have won him wide recognition in the field of sustainable development. 解析：现在完成时强调结果；“sustainable development”可持续发展，“广泛认可”wide recognition。 19. Our group is researching new lighting technology inspired by fireflies. 解析：现在进行时表正在进行；过去分词短语inspired by作后置定语。 20. True natural wisdom lies in the ability to live in harmony with all things rather than conquer nature. 解析：“lie in”表“在于”；“rather than”连接并列成分，“征服自然”conquer nature。 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） 1. Nature in architecture Nature has inspired many fascinating designs 1.______ architecture. Singapore’s ArtScience Museum, 2.______ (shape) to resemble a lotus flower, was designed to show the connection between nature and the modern city environment. Visitors are often amazed to find 3.______ (they) in an urban building that so truly captures the beauty of natural forms. Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce 4.______ (inspire) to create Harare’s Eastgate Centre while 5.______ (watch) a nature documentary in which termites were constructing their nests. The design reduces the need for 6.______ (tradition) air conditioning and heating systems, so the building uses 7.______ (little) energy and costs less to run. The world’s first algae-powered building is in Hamburg, Germany, whose surface is covered in panels 8.______ contain algae. The building therefore not only uses less energy, 9.______ also reduces damage to the environment by generating its own renewable energy. Creating such 10.______ (build) enables us to live in closer harmony with our environment. 答案：1. in 2. shaped 3. themselves 4. was inspired 5. watching 6. traditional 7. less 8. that/which 9. but 10. buildings 1. in：固定搭配in architecture，表示“在建筑领域”，符合语境。 2. shaped：过去分词作后置定语，与主语Singapore’s ArtScience Museum为被动关系，表“被塑造成”。 3. themselves：反身代词作宾语，强调“游客们自己”，符合“发现自己置身于……”的语义。 4. was inspired：主语Mick Pearce与inspire为被动关系，全文一般过去时，故用一般过去时的被动语态。 5. watching：状语从句省略，原句为while he was watching，省略he was，直接用现在分词。 6. traditional：形容词作定语，修饰名词短语air conditioning and heating systems，表“传统的”。 7. less：根据前文“reduces the need”和后文“costs less”，此处用little的比较级，表“更少的”。 8. that/which：定语从句引导词，指代先行词panels，在从句中作主语，可用that或which。 9. but：固定搭配not only...but also...，表递进关系，符合语境。 10. buildings：此处需用名词作Creating的宾语，且such后接可数名词复数，故填buildings。 2. Back to nature In 405 AD, Tao Yuanming resigned from his official post, 1.______ (express) his dissatisfaction with his official career. He spent the next 22 years working the land in a poor rural area. From his poetry, we can learn that although his life was arduous, he succeeded in 2.______ (find) contentment in its simplicity and in drawing pleasure from nature. Henry David Thoreau, a famous American writer, also chose 3.______ (live) a simple life. He built a small cabin by Walden Pond and lived there alone for two years, 4.______ (record) his thoughts and experiences in his journal. Many people wonder 5.______ they both turned their back on modern life. The answer lies in 6.______ (they) shared belief that true happiness comes from living in harmony with nature. Thoreau once wrote, “I went to the woods because I wished 7.______ (live) deliberately.” Their stories show that 8.______ (connect) with nature is essential to human well-being. Today, more people 9.______ (realize) the value of returning to nature and 10.______ (try) to live in a more eco-friendly way. 答案：1. expressing 2. finding 3. to live 4. recording 5. why 6. their 7. to live 8. connecting 9. have realized 10. are trying 1. expressing：现在分词作伴随状语，主语Tao Yuanming与express为主动关系，表“同时表达了”。 2. finding：固定搭配succeed in doing sth.，in为介词，后接动名词作宾语。 3. to live：固定搭配choose to do sth.，不定式作宾语，表“选择过……的生活”。 4. recording：现在分词作伴随状语，主语He与record为主动关系，表“同时记录着”。 5. why：宾语从句引导词，表“为什么”，符合“人们想知道他们为什么……”的语义。 6. their：形容词性物主代词作定语，修饰名词belief，表“他们共同的”。 7. to live：固定搭配wish to do sth.，不定式作宾语，表“希望……地生活”。 8. connecting：动名词短语作主语，表“与自然相连”这一行为。 9. have realized：根据时间状语Today和语境，强调过去动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时。 10. are trying：and连接并列谓语，与前文have realized时态呼应，此处表“正在努力”，用现在进行时。 题型二 语篇语法填空（模考真题） A （湖南省长沙市第一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期适应性演练英语试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The CCTV Spring Festival Gala, 1 is held annually, plays a unique role in the global cultural field. It serves as a crucial platform for spreading Chinese culture. During the gala, a wide range of traditional Chinese art forms, 2 (include) Peking Opera, traditional Chinese dance, and cross-talk, are presented to the world. Peking Opera, with 3 (it) elaborate facial makeup, unique singing styles, and acrobatic movements, is a highlight of the show. It enables people worldwide 4 (get) a taste of traditional Chinese performing arts. Thanks 5 the development of media and the Internet, the gala can 6 (watch) by audiences globally. It enriches the cultural life of people from different countries and promotes cultural exchanges. However, 7 (keep) its global status, the gala needs to innovate constantly. By incorporating more international cultural elements while maintaining its Chinese essence, it can become more inclusive and 8 (attract) to the international audience. The show, which is loved by people at home and abroad, is also a symbol of 9 (unite) among Chinese people all over the world during the Spring Festival. It is 10 (true) a special event that combines art, culture, and celebration in a very unique way. 【答案】 1．which 2．including 3．its 4．to get 5．to 6．be watched 7．to keep 8．attractive 9．unity 10．truly 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了央视春节联欢晚会在全球文化领域的重要地位，作用，面临的挑战及意义。 1．考查定语从句。句意：一年一度的中央电视台春晚在全球文化领域发挥着独特的作用。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为The CCTV Spring Festival Gala，指物，从句中缺少主语，应用which引导，故填which。 2．考查现在分词。句意：在春晚期间，各种各样的中国传统艺术形式，包括京剧、中国传统舞蹈和相声，将向世界展示。设空处修饰名词traditional Chinese art forms作后置定语，和名词之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故填including。 3．考查形容词物主代词。句意：京剧以其精致的脸谱，独特的演唱风格和杂技动作，是演出的亮点。设空处修饰名词elaborate facial makeup作定语，应用形容词物主代词its，表示“它的”，故填its。 4．考查固定短语。句意：它使全世界的人都能领略到中国传统的表演艺术。短语enable sb to do sth，意为“使某人能够做某事”，故填to get。 5．考查固定短语。句意：由于媒体和互联网的发展，全世界的观众都可以观看春晚。它丰富了各国人民的文化生活，促进了文化交流。 此处表示多亏了媒体和互联网的发展，“thanks to”是固定短语，意为 “多亏，由于”，故填to。 6．考查语态。句意：同上。设空处为谓语，由空后“ by audiences”可知，空处动词和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，接在情态动词can后，应用动词原形，故填be watched。 7．考查不定式。句意：然而，为了保持其全球地位，春晚需要不断创新。设空处作目的状语，应用动词不定式，故填to keep。 8．考查形容词。句意：在保持中国特色的同时，融入更多的国际文化元素，对国际观众更具包容性和吸引力。设空处和inclusive 并列作表语，应用形容词，表示“有吸引力的”，故填attractive。 9．考查名词。 句意：春晚深受国内外人们的喜爱，也是春节期间全世界中国人团结一致的象征。设空处为宾语，应用名词unity，表示“团结”，故填unity。 10．考查副词。 句意：它确实是一个特殊的活动，以一种非常独特的方式结合了艺术、文化和庆祝活动。设空处修饰整个句子，应用副词truly作状语，故填truly。 B (23-24高三上·广东潮州·期末) Zibo city in Shandong province has gone viral on Chinese social media since late February for its local barbecue specialty. Then, the local government takes the opportunity 1 (promote) tourism and spending. On March 31, the Jinan Bureau of China Railway 2 (add) a weekend special round trip “barbecue tour” train between Jinan and Zibo. 3 latest promotion gives visitors a free 4 (admit) to 10 scenic spots in the city with their train tickets as long as their final destination is Zibo. Barbecue is popular in China, 5 Zibo’s barbecue differs in three ways it’s made on a stove, and is served with flatbread (小饼) and dressings (蘸料). The skewers (烤串) are 70-80 percent cooked before being brought to the table, on 6 diners can finish cooking them on their own stoves, 7 (lead) to a sense of participation. Diners are served flatbread and other dressings at the table so they are able to assemble their own barbecue parcels, in much the same way Peking duck is eaten. The barbecue 8 (unexpected) went viral after a group of college students shot videos of themselves enjoying a meal and posted them on social media 9 February. Since then, many people, mostly the young, 10 (attract) to the city from all over the country to try the dish 【答案】 1．to promote 2．added 3．The 4．admission 5．but 6．which 7．leading 8．unexpectedly 9．in 10．have been attracted 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国山东省淄博市的烤肉特色和当地政府利用这一机会促进旅游和消费的情况。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：随后，当地政府借此机会促进旅游业和消费。句中take the opportunity to do sth为固定短语，意为“抓住机会去做某事”。故填to promote。 2．考查时态。句意：3月31日，中国铁路济南局增开济南至淄博周末往返“烧烤之旅”专列。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语动词。句子表示经常性习惯性动作，所以使用一般过去时。故填added。 3．考查冠词。句意：最新的促销活动是，只要游客的最终目的地是淄博，就可以凭火车票免费进入该市的10个景点。根据句意可知，此处特指“促销活动”，所以空出用定冠词the表示特指。该词位于句首，所以首字母大写。故填The。 4．考查名词。句意：最新的促销活动是，只要游客的最终目的地是淄博，就可以凭火车票免费进入该市的10个景点。分析句子结构可知，空处使用admit的名词admission作give的宾语，意为“门票”，由空格前的a可知，应该用单数形式。故填admission。 5．考查连词。句意：烧烤在中国很受欢迎，但淄博的烧烤有三种不同之处——它是在炉子上做的，配以小饼和蘸料。分析句子结构可知，空处需要连词连接前后两句话。前文“烧烤在中国很受欢迎”和下文“淄博的烧烤有三种不同之处”为转折关系，所以用转折连词but。故填but。 6．考查定语从句。句意：烤串在端上餐桌之前要烹饪70-80%，食客可以在自己的炉子上完成烹饪，从而产生一种参与感。分析句子结构可知，空处与空格前的介词on构成“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句的结构。关系词在从句中作介词的宾语，指代先行词table，先行词指物，所以应该关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：烤串在端上餐桌之前要烹饪70-80%，食客可以在自己的炉子上完成烹饪，从而产生一种参与感。分析句子结构可知，空处需要非谓语动词作结果状语。此处表示意料之中的结果，所以用现在分词作状语。故填leading。 8．考查副词。句意：今年2月，一群大学生拍摄了自己用餐的视频并将其发布在社交媒体上后，这场烧烤意外地在网上疯传。空处使用副词修饰后面的动词短语，在句中作状语。故填unexpectedly。 9．考查介词。句意：今年2月，一群大学生拍摄了自己用餐的视频并将其发布在社交媒体上后，这场烧烤意外地在网上疯传。in February“在二月”。故填in。 10．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：从那时起，许多人，主要是年轻人，从全国各地被吸引到这座城市品尝这道菜。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语。根据时间状语Since then可知，句子为现在完成时，同时many people与attract之间是被动关系，且主语为复数，所以使用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been attracted。 C （24-25高三下·江苏镇江·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In 2025, Liling porcelain (瓷器) took the stage at the Intangible Cultural Heritage Gala (非遗春晚), amazing the audience with its beauty and 1 (elegant). The moment these beautiful porcelain pieces appeared on the screen, they immediately aroused everyone’s curiosity about the stories behind them. Liling first created “Five Colors under Glaze (釉)” porcelain in the late Qing Dynasty, setting off an “Aesthetic Storm” in the ceramic (陶瓷) industry. 2 (initial), this kind of porcelain showed its matchless beauty with colors of blue, green, reddish brown, bright black and agate red. Later, through the combination of these five colors, more colors 3 (generate). Today, almost all colors can be presented on the porcelain. This porcelain 4 (feature) a unique process: draw the decoration with high-temperature resistant colorants first, then reglaze the painting on the clay body, and finally fire it at a high temperature 5 ranges from 1320℃ to 1420℃. The porcelain 6 (fire) in this way is white as jade, bright as a mirror, thin as paper, 7 sounds like chi me stones (磬). 8 (promote) the transformation and upgrade of the traditional ceramic industry, Liling turns its focus on “advanced ceramics” that have specific properties in light transmission and magnetism. Today, the ceramic industry of Liling has formed a complete industrial chain 9 (cover) raw materials, equipment and so on. Liling is moving forward and encouraging the 10 (sustain) development of the ceramic industry. 【答案】 1．elegance 2．Initially 3．were generated 4．features 5．which/that 6．fired 7．and 8．To promote 9．covering 10．sustainable 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是醴陵瓷器在2025年非物质文化遗产春晚上的亮相及其独特的工艺和美学价值。 1．考查名词。句意：2025年，醴陵瓷器在非物质文化遗产春晚上登台，以其美丽和优雅令观众惊叹。此处为名词作宾语，elegant的名词为elegance意为“优雅”与beauty并列。故填elegance。 2．考查副词。句意：最初，这种瓷器以蓝色、绿色、红棕色、亮黑色和玛瑙红色展示了其无与伦比的美。此处为副词形式修饰整个句子，initial的副词为initially表示“最初”，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Initially。 3．考查动词时态和语态。句意：后来，通过这五种颜色的组合，产生了更多的颜色。此处为谓语动词，根据语境和上文中的谓语动词showed和副词later可知，此处使用一般过去时，generate与主语more colors之间为被动关系，所以此处使用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为名词复数。故填were generated。 4．考查动词时态。句意：这种瓷器具有独特的工艺：首先用耐高温色料绘制装饰，然后在泥坯上重新施釉，并最终在1320℃至1420℃的高温下烧制。此处为谓语动词，结合句意可知，此处描述瓷器的特征，使用一般现在时，feature与主语This porcelain之间为主动关系，且主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词应为单数形式。故填features。 5．考查定语从句。句意：这种瓷器具有独特的工艺：首先用耐高温色料绘制装饰，然后在泥坯上重新施釉，并最终在1320℃至1420℃的高温下烧制。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词high temperature指的是事物，所以此处使用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。 6．考查过去分词。句意：以这种方式烧制的瓷器白如玉，亮如镜，薄如纸，声如磬石。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词The porcelain，fire与The porcelain之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词作定语，表示被烧制的瓷器。故填fired。 7．考查连词。句意：以这种方式烧制的瓷器白如玉，亮如镜，薄如纸，声如磬石。结合句意，“sounds like chi me stones”与空前的“white as jade, bright as a mirror, thin as paper”之间为并列关系，所以此处使用并列连词。故填and。 8．考查动词不定式。句意：为了促进传统陶瓷产业的转型和升级，醴陵将重点转向了在光传输和磁性方面具有特定性能的“先进陶瓷”。此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意，此处表示目的，所以使用动词不定式形式作目的状语，位于句首单词首字母需大写。故填To promote。 9．考查现在分词。句意：如今，醴陵的陶瓷产业已经形成了涵盖原材料、设备等在内的完整产业链。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰“a complete industrial chain”，cover与被修饰词之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词作定语，表示涵盖的内容。故填covering。 10．考查形容词。句意：醴陵正在向前迈进，鼓励陶瓷产业的可持续发展。此处为形容词作定语修饰名词development，sustain的形容词为sustainable意为“可持续的”符合句意。故填sustainable。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Learning from nature 核心语法精练（非谓语动词作主语、宾语和表语） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 4 一、单句语法填空（词汇句式全考查） 4 二、句型转换 8 三、翻译句子 11 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 13 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） 13 题型二 语篇语法填空（模考真题） 14 一、单句语法填空（词汇句式全考查） 1. ______ (learn) from nature is a wise choice for human beings. 2. It is important ______ (protect) the natural environment around us. 3. His hobby is ______ (observe) animals and plants in the wild. 4. She enjoys ______ (draw) inspiration from natural scenery. 5. We decided ______ (make) a short video about nature’s wisdom. 6. ______ (compare) human-made structures with natural ones can help us design better buildings. 7. It is no use ______ (argue) about who is right—we need to learn from nature together. 8. My dream is ______ (build) a house inspired by bird nests. 9. They practice ______ (use) natural materials in their designs every day. 10. ______ (understand) nature’s laws requires patience and careful observation. 11. He refused ______ (give) up his research on nature-inspired inventions. 12. The key to success is ______ (learn) from the mistakes we make in studying nature. 13. I suggest ______ (hold) a speech contest about “Nature is our best teacher”. 14. ______ (see) the beautiful sunset over the lake made her feel peaceful. 15. It is necessary for us ______ (save) endangered species in nature. 16. She can’t stand ______ (pollute) the rivers and forests in nature. 17. His job is ______ (collect) data about how nature influences architecture. 18. We look forward to ______ (receive) your video about nature inspiration. 19. ______ (ignore) the power of nature will lead to serious consequences. 20. It took them three months ______ (finish) the comparative essay on nature and human design. 21. He admitted ______ (not realize) the benefits of learning from nature before. 22. The purpose of the project is ______ (show) people the beauty of nature. 23. Would you mind ______ (share) your ideas about nature-inspired design? 24. ______ (explore) the secrets of nature is what scientists are doing now. 25. It is worth ______ (read) books about how animals inspire human inventions. 26. She hopes ______ (become) an architect who designs buildings with nature in mind. 27. The difficulty is ______ (find) enough natural materials for the project. 28. They keep ______ (try) new ways to apply nature’s principles in technology. 29. ______ (appreciate) nature’s beauty can make us more grateful for life. 30. I remember ______ (visit) the nature reserve where I got lots of inspiration. 二、句型转换 1. It is necessary to protect natural resources.（改为动名词作主语） → ______ natural resources ______ necessary. 2. Her dream is that she will build a green - house.（改为不定式作表语） → Her dream is ______ ______ a green - house. 3. She enjoys drawing natural scenery.（改为否定句） → She ______ ______ drawing natural scenery. 4. We decided to make a nature - inspired model.（改为同义句，用make up one’s mind） → We ______ ______ ______ ______ to make a nature - inspired model. 5. Comparing natural and man - made structures is useful.（改为it作形式主语） → It ______ useful ______ compare natural and man - made structures. 6. It is no use arguing about nature protection.（改为动名词作主语） → ______ about nature protection ______ no use. 7. His hobby is observing birds in the wild.（改为不定式作表语） → His hobby is ______ ______ birds in the wild. 8. They practice using natural materials every day.（改为一般疑问句） → ______ they ______ using natural materials every day? 9. Understanding nature’s laws needs patience.（改为不定式作主语） → ______ ______ nature’s laws ______ patience. 10. He refused to give up his nature research.（改为同义句，用turn down） → He ______ ______ ______ up his nature research. 11. The key to success is learning from nature.（改为不定式作表语） → The key to success is ______ ______ from nature. 12. I suggest holding a nature - themed speech.（改为同义句，用suggest that从句） → I suggest that we ______ a nature - themed speech. 13. Seeing the natural beauty makes her happy.（改为it作形式主语） → It ______ her happy ______ see the natural beauty. 14. It is necessary for us to save wild animals.（改为动名词作主语） → ______ wild animals ______ necessary for us. 15. She can’t stand polluting the environment.（改为否定句，加强语气） → She ______ ______ stand polluting the environment at all. 16. His job is collecting data on natural resources.（改为不定式作表语） → His job is ______ ______ data on natural resources. 17. We look forward to receiving your nature photos.（改为同义句，用expect） → We ______ ______ receive your nature photos. 18. Ignoring nature’s warnings will cause trouble.（改为it作形式主语） → It ______ cause trouble ______ ignore nature’s warnings. 19. It took them a year to study nature’s rules.（改为动名词作主语） → ______ nature’s rules ______ them a year. 20. He admitted not knowing the importance of nature.（改为不定式否定） → He admitted ______ ______ ______ the importance of nature. 21. The purpose of the project is showing nature’s value.（改为不定式作表语） → The purpose of the project is ______ ______ nature’s value. 22. Would you mind sharing your nature - related ideas?（改为同义句，用Would you please） → Would you please ______ your nature - related ideas? 23. Exploring nature’s secrets is scientists’ work.（改为it作形式主语） → It ______ scientists’ work ______ explore nature’s secrets. 24. It is worth reading books on nature - inspired inventions.（改为动名词作主语） → ______ books on nature - inspired inventions ______ worth it. 25. She hopes to become a nature - loving designer.（改为同义句，用dream of） → She dreams of ______ a nature - loving designer. 26. The difficulty is finding natural materials.（改为不定式作表语） → The difficulty is ______ ______ natural materials. 27. They keep trying new ways to learn from nature.（改为否定句） → They ______ ______ trying new ways to learn from nature. 28. Appreciating nature can make us peaceful.（改为it作形式主语） → It can make us peaceful ______ ______ nature. 29. I remember visiting the nature reserve.（改为不定式，表“记得要做”） → I remember ______ ______ the nature reserve. 30. It is important to respect nature’s laws.（改为动名词作主语） → ______ nature’s laws ______ important. 三、翻译句子 1. 仿生学是一门从自然界获取灵感来解决人类问题的学科。 2. 建筑师从蜂巢的结构中获得灵感，设计出了节能建筑。 3. 这种新型材料模仿荷叶的特性，具有防水和自清洁功能。 4. 令我们惊叹的是，许多生物的生存智慧远超人类的想象。 5. 为了减少环境污染，科学家们正从自然中寻找绿色解决方案。 6. 他观察到的自然现象帮助他发明了一种新的环保设备。 7. 蝴蝶翅膀的变色原理被应用于新型显示器的研发中。 8. 生态文学作品通常体现了人类与自然和谐共生的理念。 9. 无论是深海生物还是极地动物，都能给人类带来创新灵感。 10. 我们应该保护自然生态，这不仅是责任也是获取灵感的源泉。 11. 她声称从植物生长中获得了创业灵感，其实只是借用了相关概念。 12. 定语从句在英语写作中能让我们更清晰地修饰名词和代词。 13. 生物学家认为自然界最神奇的适应能力是物种进化的结果。 14. 对比不同生物的生存策略能帮助我们开发更高效的技术。 15. 自然的复杂性没有阻碍科技发展，反而激发了更多创新想法。 16. 多项研究表明，亲近自然有助于改善人类的身心健康。 17. 当被问到如何获得设计灵感时，设计师说源于对自然的观察。 18. 他的环保理念让他在可持续发展领域获得了广泛认可。 19. 我们小组正在研究从萤火虫身上获取灵感的新型照明技术。 20. 真正的自然智慧在于与万物和谐相处而非征服自然的能力。 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） 1. Nature in architecture Nature has inspired many fascinating designs 1.______ architecture. Singapore’s ArtScience Museum, 2.______ (shape) to resemble a lotus flower, was designed to show the connection between nature and the modern city environment. Visitors are often amazed to find 3.______ (they) in an urban building that so truly captures the beauty of natural forms. Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce 4.______ (inspire) to create Harare’s Eastgate Centre while 5.______ (watch) a nature documentary in which termites were constructing their nests. The design reduces the need for 6.______ (tradition) air conditioning and heating systems, so the building uses 7.______ (little) energy and costs less to run. The world’s first algae-powered building is in Hamburg, Germany, whose surface is covered in panels 8.______ contain algae. The building therefore not only uses less energy, 9.______ also reduces damage to the environment by generating its own renewable energy. Creating such 10.______ (build) enables us to live in closer harmony with our environment. 2. Back to nature In 405 AD, Tao Yuanming resigned from his official post, 1.______ (express) his dissatisfaction with his official career. He spent the next 22 years working the land in a poor rural area. From his poetry, we can learn that although his life was arduous, he succeeded in 2.______ (find) contentment in its simplicity and in drawing pleasure from nature. Henry David Thoreau, a famous American writer, also chose 3.______ (live) a simple life. He built a small cabin by Walden Pond and lived there alone for two years, 4.______ (record) his thoughts and experiences in his journal. Many people wonder 5.______ they both turned their back on modern life. The answer lies in 6.______ (they) shared belief that true happiness comes from living in harmony with nature. Thoreau once wrote, “I went to the woods because I wished 7.______ (live) deliberately.” Their stories show that 8.______ (connect) with nature is essential to human well-being. Today, more people 9.______ (realize) the value of returning to nature and 10.______ (try) to live in a more eco-friendly way. 题型二 语篇语法填空（模考真题） A （湖南省长沙市第一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期适应性演练英语试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The CCTV Spring Festival Gala, 1 is held annually, plays a unique role in the global cultural field. It serves as a crucial platform for spreading Chinese culture. During the gala, a wide range of traditional Chinese art forms, 2 (include) Peking Opera, traditional Chinese dance, and cross-talk, are presented to the world. Peking Opera, with 3 (it) elaborate facial makeup, unique singing styles, and acrobatic movements, is a highlight of the show. It enables people worldwide 4 (get) a taste of traditional Chinese performing arts. Thanks 5 the development of media and the Internet, the gala can 6 (watch) by audiences globally. It enriches the cultural life of people from different countries and promotes cultural exchanges. However, 7 (keep) its global status, the gala needs to innovate constantly. By incorporating more international cultural elements while maintaining its Chinese essence, it can become more inclusive and 8 (attract) to the international audience. The show, which is loved by people at home and abroad, is also a symbol of 9 (unite) among Chinese people all over the world during the Spring Festival. It is 10 (true) a special event that combines art, culture, and celebration in a very unique way. B (23-24高三上·广东潮州·期末) Zibo city in Shandong province has gone viral on Chinese social media since late February for its local barbecue specialty. Then, the local government takes the opportunity 1 (promote) tourism and spending. On March 31, the Jinan Bureau of China Railway 2 (add) a weekend special round trip “barbecue tour” train between Jinan and Zibo. 3 latest promotion gives visitors a free 4 (admit) to 10 scenic spots in the city with their train tickets as long as their final destination is Zibo. Barbecue is popular in China, 5 Zibo’s barbecue differs in three ways it’s made on a stove, and is served with flatbread (小饼) and dressings (蘸料). The skewers (烤串) are 70-80 percent cooked before being brought to the table, on 6 diners can finish cooking them on their own stoves, 7 (lead) to a sense of participation. Diners are served flatbread and other dressings at the table so they are able to assemble their own barbecue parcels, in much the same way Peking duck is eaten. The barbecue 8 (unexpected) went viral after a group of college students shot videos of themselves enjoying a meal and posted them on social media 9 February. Since then, many people, mostly the young, 10 (attract) to the city from all over the country to try the dish C （24-25高三下·江苏镇江·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In 2025, Liling porcelain (瓷器) took the stage at the Intangible Cultural Heritage Gala (非遗春晚), amazing the audience with its beauty and 1 (elegant). The moment these beautiful porcelain pieces appeared on the screen, they immediately aroused everyone’s curiosity about the stories behind them. Liling first created “Five Colors under Glaze (釉)” porcelain in the late Qing Dynasty, setting off an “Aesthetic Storm” in the ceramic (陶瓷) industry. 2 (initial), this kind of porcelain showed its matchless beauty with colors of blue, green, reddish brown, bright black and agate red. Later, through the combination of these five colors, more colors 3 (generate). Today, almost all colors can be presented on the porcelain. This porcelain 4 (feature) a unique process: draw the decoration with high-temperature resistant colorants first, then reglaze the painting on the clay body, and finally fire it at a high temperature 5 ranges from 1320℃ to 1420℃. The porcelain 6 (fire) in this way is white as jade, bright as a mirror, thin as paper, 7 sounds like chi me stones (磬). 8 (promote) the transformation and upgrade of the traditional ceramic industry, Liling turns its focus on “advanced ceramics” that have specific properties in light transmission and magnetism. Today, the ceramic industry of Liling has formed a complete industrial chain 9 (cover) raw materials, equipment and so on. Liling is moving forward and encouraging the 10 (sustain) development of the ceramic industry. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $