Unit 4 Chinese Folk Art 人与社会：我的家乡（话题阅读精练）英语新教材译林版七年级下册

Unit 4 Chinese Folk Art 人与社会—中国民间艺术 话题阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage A 阅读理解 说明文 217 介绍了粤剧这一中国南方地区的戏剧艺术形式，包括其起源、发展历程、艺术特色、关键技能以及文化地位等 Passage B 阅读理解 说明文 348 介绍了北京非物质文化遗产 “面人郎” 的起源、艺术特点、传承脉络，并指出其面临的传承困境 真题演练 Passage1 完形填空 说明文 210 介绍了汉服在洛阳等地的流行情况，以及中国华服日，还讲述了汉服受年轻人喜爱，部分人向其他国家传播汉服文化。 Passage2 短文填空 说明文 233 介绍了潍坊的聂家庄村以彩泥塑工艺品闻名。 模拟演练 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 266 介绍了中国传统民间艺术——剪纸，包括其历史、用途、材料、图案寓意、南北方剪纸风格差异等。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 311 讲述了唐代艺术以多彩和富有创意的风格著称，重点介绍了唐代女性独特的妆容，包括黄额、绿眉、眉间花钿等，还提到审美观念会随时代变化 Passage3 阅读理解 说明文 196 介绍了山东的一种传统食品——花饽饽。 Passage4 完形填空 记叙文 234 介绍了蜀绣及蜀绣传承人孟德芝的故事 Passage5 选词填空 说明文 195 介绍了中国木雕这一传统民间艺术，包括其种类、制作过程、意义以及当下的受关注情况。 时文阅读 话题谚语小知识 1.关于民间艺术的“根”与“魂” “Folk art is the root of a nation’s culture, carrying the memory and wisdom of its people.”—— Feng Jicai 民间艺术是一个民族文化的根，承载着人民的记忆与智慧。—— 冯骥才 2. 关于剪纸艺术的独特语言 “With a pair of scissors and a piece of paper, Chinese folk artists can tell stories, express emotions, and capture the soul of a culture.”—— Unknown (commonly used in exhibitions of Chinese paper-cutting) 仅凭一把剪刀和一张纸，中国民间艺术家便能讲述故事、表达情感，并捕捉一种文化的灵魂。 — 常见于中国剪纸艺术展的英文介绍 3. 关于民间艺术中的生命力 “In every stitch of embroidery and every brushstroke of a New Year painting, there is the heartbeat of ordinary people and their love for life.”— Adapted from descriptions of Chinese folk art 在一针一线的刺绣里，在每一笔年画的描绘中，都跳动着普通人的心跳，蕴含他们对生活的热爱。 — 改编自中国民间艺术相关描述 4. 关于传承与创新 “Tradition is not the worship of ashes, but the passing on of fire.”— Gustav Mahler 传统不是对灰烬的崇拜，而是对火焰的传递。— 古斯塔夫·马勒 5.关于传承与根基 When you drink the water, remember the spring.饮水思源。 6.关于文化的力量 A nation’s culture lives in the hearts of its people and in its traditions. 一个民族的文化，活在人民的心中，也活在它的传统里。 7. 关于积累与传承 One generation plants the trees; the next enjoys the shade.前人栽树，后人乘凉。 8. 关于礼仪与文化根基 English: Without culture, a people have no past; without tradition, a people have no future.没有文化，一个民族就没有过去；没有传统，一个民族就没有未来。 9. 关于学习传统 If you want to understand today, you have to search yesterday.欲知今日，必察往昔。 写作谚语： 1.Do as Romans do when in Rome. 入乡随俗。 2.A snow year， a rich year. 瑞雪兆丰年。 3.Courtesy on one side only lasts not long. 来而不往非礼也。 时文阅读 Passage A       Cantonese Opera is a theatre art in southern China. It is very popular in Guangdong, Guangxi, Hong Kong and Macau, and now it has been acted all around the world. The history of it can date back to the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty. During the 16th century, it mixed opera from the northern China with local acting traditions in Guangdong. The unique mix created a new kind of theatre art. In the early days, many shows were on small stages (舞台) in the countryside. Later, shows were more often seen in city theatres. During the 20th century, Cantonese Opera became prevalent across the country. A lot of people became interested in it. Cantonese Opera is a wonderful mix of storytelling, music and fighting. The shows are often based on well-known traditional stories or events from Chinese history. Actors appear on stage in colourful costumes (服装), with face paint and doing difficult and exciting martial arts actions. There are four key skills in Cantonese Opera: singing, acting, speeches and martial arts. Actors are usually trained in each of these areas. Because of its long tradition and its importance, Cantonese Opera was included on the UNESCO intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) list in 2009. 1．When did the Cantonese Opera start? A．In the 15th century. B．During Ming Dynasty. C．During the 20th century. D．In 2009. 2．What does the underlined word “prevalent” in the third paragraph mean? A．expensive B．colourful C．popular D．unique 3．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．There are four main skills in Cantonese Opera. B．Most of the stories in Cantonese Opera are unknown. C．Cantonese Opera developed in the 16th century. D．There used to be many countryside performances of Cantonese Opera. 4．What is the article mainly talking about? A．The development of the Cantonese Opera. B．The important parts in the Cantonese Opera. C．The history of the Cantonese Opera. D．Some facts about the Cantonese Opera. 长难句解析 1. 原文： During the 16th century, it mixed opera from the northern China with local acting traditions in Guangdong. 译文：16世纪期间，它融合了中国北方的戏曲和广东当地的表演传统。 重点词汇：“mixed...with...”意为“将……与……融合”，准确地表达了粤剧形成过程中南北元素的结合。 2. 原文：The shows are often based on well-known traditional stories or events from Chinese history. 译文：这些节目通常取材于中国历史上著名的传统故事或事件。 句式结构：这是一个包含被动结构“are based on”的简单句。 3.原文：Actors appear on stage in colourful costumes (服装), with face paint and doing difficult and exciting martial arts actions. 译文：演员们身着色彩缤纷的服装登上舞台，脸上涂着颜料，做着高难度、刺激的武术动作。 句式结构：这是一个结构相对复杂的简单句。主干是“Actors appear on stage”，后面跟随了三个并列的伴随状语：“in colourful costumes”（介词短语）、“with face paint”（介词短语）和“doing...actions”（现在分词短语） 【答案与解析】 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了粤剧这一中国南方地区的戏剧艺术形式，包括其起源、发展历程、艺术特色、关键技能以及文化地位等方面的信息。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The history of it can date back to the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty.”可知，粤剧始于明朝嘉靖年间。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“During the 20th century, Cantonese Opera became prevalent across the country. A lot of people became interested in it.”可知，在20世纪，粤剧在全国变得流行起来，很多人开始对它感兴趣。由此可推断，“prevalent”意为“流行的”，与“popular”意思相近。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The shows are often based on well-known traditional stories or events from Chinese history.”可知，粤剧的剧目通常基于中国历史上著名的传统故事或事件，因此B选项“粤剧中的大多数故事都是不为人知的”与文章内容不符。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。文章介绍了粤剧的起源、发展历程、艺术特色、关键技能以及文化地位等方面的信息，因此文章主要谈论的是关于粤剧的一些事实。故选D。 译文 粤剧是中国南方的一种戏剧艺术。它在广东、广西、香港和澳门非常受欢迎，如今已在世界各地演出。 它的历史可以追溯到明朝嘉靖年间。在16世纪，它融合了中国北方的戏曲与广东本地的表演传统。这种独特的融合创造了一种新的戏剧艺术形式。 早期，许多演出在乡村的小舞台上进行。后来，演出更常见于城市的剧院。在20世纪，粤剧在全国变得盛行。许多人开始对它产生兴趣。 粤剧是讲故事、音乐和武打的精彩结合。剧目常基于著名的传统故事或中国历史事件。演员身着色彩鲜艳的戏服，画着脸谱，在舞台上表演高难且精彩的武打动作。 粤剧有四项关键技艺：唱、做、念、打。演员通常会在这些方面接受全面训练。由于其悠久的传统和重要价值，粤剧于2009年被列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录。 Passage B In the hands of Chinese artisans (手艺人), flour is made into lovely models of people or animals. This art form is called dough figurine (面塑). Among the different styles, Beijing’s Dough Figurine Lang is a special folk art. The nice and lovely handicrafts are storytellers of old and new Beijing. In 2008, it was included in the list of national intangible (非物质) cultural heritage (遗产). It was created by Lang Shao’ an (郎绍安). He created animals and characters from important people’s stories, history stories, and local operas. What they finished is either put at the end of a thin stick, or on a table for people to see. Some are mostly for children to eat or play with, with simple shapes and colourful decorations, but some are nice pieces of artwork for people to see only. For this reason, during the making process, they are often mixed with additives (添加剂) to stop them from breaking up, and being eaten by animals. After a long time of practice, Lang Shao’ an is good at making dough figurine with beautiful designs. Lang Jiaizyu (郎佳子彧), born in 1995, is the third- generation (代) man of dough Figurine Lang. By the age of five, he had already made his first dough figurines. When he was 15, he created Beijing Olympic Mascots- shaped dough figurines which were very famous. He looks a bit more fashionable than other folk works of art. In his skilled hands, some figures such as Nezha are popular with young people. Like most of the other intangible cultural heritage handicrafts in China, not many people like the idea and design of dough Figurine Lang. Few young people are willing to take the time to master a skill that does not make money, which means fewer and fewer people want to spend time on learning the handicraft. Good handicrafts need time, energy and love of artisans from one generation to another. 5．What is special about dough Figurine Lang? A．It shows people’s lifestyles and hobbies. B．It is popular with both tourists and the locals. C．It is created by many famous artists. D．It shows Beijing’s colourful culture. 6．Why do artisans add additives to dough figurines? A．To better protect the things people make. B．To help dough have different shapes. C．To keep colors brighter and last longer. D．To make dough figurines taste good. 7．Which is the correct order of the following events? a．dough Figurine Lang was included in the list of national intangible cultural heritage. b．LangJiaizyu created Beijing Olympic Mascots- shaped dough figurines. c．Lang Jiaizyu was born as the third- generation inheritor of dough Figurine Lang. d．LangJiaizyu had made his first dough figurines. A．a-c-b-d B．c-d-b-a C．a-c-d-b D．c-d-a-b 8．What does the passage mainly want to tell us? A．To ask people to know some kinds of folk art. B．To ask people to spend more time learning folk art. C．To ask people to protect national cultural heritage handicrafts. D．To teach people ways to enjoy and understand the handicrafts. 【答案】5．D 6．A 7．D 8．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了北京非物质文化遗产 “面人郎” 的起源、艺术特点、传承脉络，并指出其面临的传承困境，旨在呼吁人们关注和保护民族文化遗产手工艺。 5．细节理解题。根据“Among the different styles Beijing’s dough Figuren Lang is a special folk art. The nice and lovely handicrafts are storytellers of old and new Beijing.”可知，面人郎的特别之处在于它展示了北京丰富多彩的文化，故选D。 6．细节理解题。根据“For this reason, during the making process, they are often mixed with additives (添加剂) to stop them from breaking up, and being eaten by animals.”可知，工匠们在面人制作过程中添加添加剂是为了更好地保护制作出来的物品，故选A。 7．推理判断题。根据“Lang Jiaizyu (郎佳子彧), born in 1995, is the third-generation (代) man of dough Figurine Lang.”可知c发生时间最早；根据“By the age of five, he had already made his first dough figurines.”可知d发生在其5岁时，即在1995+5=2000年左右；根据“When he was 15, he created Beijing Olympic Mascots-shaped dough figurines which were very famous.”可知b发生在其15岁时，即在1995+15=2010年左右；根据“In 2008, it was included in the list of national intangible (非物质) cultural heritage (遗产).”可知a发生在2008年。所以正确顺序是c-d-a-b，故选D。 8．主旨大意题。文章介绍了面人郎这一民间艺术的特色、制作情况、传承人的经历等，最后提到像面人郎这样的非物质文化遗产手工艺面临传承困境，所以文章主要是呼吁人们保护国家文化遗产手工艺品，故选C。 译文 在中国手艺人的手中，面粉被制作成精美的人物或动物造型。这种艺术形式被称为面塑。在众多流派中，北京的面人郎是一种独特的民间艺术。这些精美可爱的工艺品是讲述老北京与新北京故事的载体。2008年，它被列入国家级非物质文化遗产名录。 面人郎由郎绍安创立。他创作了取材自重要人物事迹、历史故事和地方戏曲的动物与人物形象。完成的作品或插在细棍顶端，或置于案头供人观赏。其中一些造型简单、色彩鲜艳的面塑主要用于儿童食用或玩耍，而另一些则是仅供观赏的精美艺术品。正因如此，在制作过程中，面塑常常会混入添加剂，以防其干裂破碎或被虫鼠啃咬。经过长期实践，郎绍安擅长制作纹饰精美的面塑。 郎佳子彧，1995年出生，是面人郎的第三代传人。他五岁时便制作出了自己的第一件面塑作品。十五岁时，他创作了北京奥运会吉祥物造型的面塑，这些作品曾颇负盛名。他的作品风格相较其他民间工艺显得更为时尚。在他灵巧的手中，诸如哪吒等形象深受年轻人喜爱。 与中国大多数其他非物质文化遗产手工艺一样，如今欣赏面人郎创意与设计的人并不多。很少有年轻人愿意花费时间去掌握一门不赚钱的手艺，这意味着愿意投入时间学习这门技艺的人越来越少。优秀的手工艺需要一代又一代手艺人倾注时间、精力与热爱。 话题写作佳句积累 一、开篇介绍（点明主题） China is a country with a rich variety of traditional folk arts, such as... 中国是一个拥有丰富多彩的传统民间艺术的国家，比如…… 例句：China is a country with a rich variety of traditional folk arts, such as paper-cutting, kites, and shadow puppetry. Among all the traditional Chinese folk arts, I’d like to introduce... which is one of the most famous. 在所有中国传统民间艺术中，我想介绍……，这是其中最著名的一种。 例句：Among all the traditional Chinese folk arts, I’d like to introduce paper-cutting, which is one of the most famous. When it comes to traditional Chinese folk art, ... immediately comes to my mind. 当提到中国传统民间艺术时，我立刻想到了…… 例句：When it comes to traditional Chinese folk art, paper-cutting immediately comes to my mind. 二、描述具体艺术形式（历史、特点、制作过程） With a history of over ... years, ... has become an important part of Chinese culture. 有着……多年的历史，……已经成为中国文化的重要组成部分。 例句：With a history of over 1,500 years, paper-cutting has become an important part of Chinese culture. It is usually made of/from ..., and the process involves ... 它通常由……制成，制作过程包括…… 例句：It is usually made of red paper, and the process involves folding and cutting the paper with scissors or a knife. What makes it special is that ... 它的特别之处在于…… 例句：What makes it special is that every pattern has a meaning, such as happiness, wealth, and good luck. People often use ... to decorate their homes during festivals, especially during ... 人们经常在节日期间用……装饰家园，尤其是在……期间。 例句：People often use paper-cutting to decorate their homes during festivals, especially during the Spring Festival. 三、表达感受与意义（文化内涵、个人感悟） Not only is ... a form of art, but it also carries the wisdom and wishes of the Chinese people. ……不仅是一种艺术形式，还承载着中国人民的智慧和愿望。 例句：Not only is paper-cutting a form of art, but it also carries the wisdom and wishes of the Chinese people. Through ..., we can get a glimpse of the rich traditional culture of China. 通过……，我们可以一窥中国丰富的传统文化。 例句：Through paper-cutting, we can get a glimpse of the rich traditional culture of China. I find it amazing that such a beautiful work of art can be created from something so simple. 我觉得很神奇的是，如此美丽的艺术品可以用如此简单的东西创造出来。 例句：I find it amazing that such a beautiful work of art can be created from a simple piece of paper. 四、结尾呼吁（总结与倡议） In my opinion, it is our duty to protect and pass down these valuable folk arts to the next generation. 在我看来，保护和将这些宝贵的民间艺术传承给下一代是我们的责任。 I hope more people, especially the young, will learn about this traditional art and keep it alive. 我希望更多的人，尤其是年轻人，能够了解这门传统艺术并让它保持活力。 实战演练 真题示例 Passage1 （24-25七年级下·甘肃兰州·期中） On April 20th, I went to Luoyang to admire the peonies (赏牡丹) with my family. The people wearing hanfu there impressed us. In the street, in the park, on the bus, in every 1 you can see them. Hanfu is the traditional clothes of the Han ethnic group (汉族). 2 hanfu is popular among young Chinese. There are hanfu 3 in many cities. Most club members wear the clothes during holidays. Or they wear hanfu when they want to 4 beautiful photos. But some fans wear it almost every day. In fact, there is a(n) 5 day to show this kind of traditional clothes. It’s called China Huafu Day. It is 6 the third day of March of the Chinese lunar calendar (农历). Huafu includes (包括) the traditional clothes of all ethnic groups in China. Among them, hanfu 7 the most fans. “China is becoming a strong country. Chinese people feel more confident (自信) about 8 traditional culture,” Cheng Chuyu, leader of a hanfu club in Beijing, told People’s Daily Online. “Wearing traditional clothes may be an interesting way of showing these 9 .” Some young people even 10 hanfu culture to other countries. 1．A．place B．city C．country D．town 2．A．Becoming B．Buying C．Wearing D．Changing 3．A．clubs B．camps C．shops D．factories 4．A．buy B．play C．paint D．take 5．A．funny B．interesting C．difficult D．special 6．A．on B．in C．from D．to 7．A．leaves B．has C．blows D．is 8．A．your B．his C．her D．their 9．A．problems B．feelings C．differences D．colors 10．A．keep B．pick C．bring D．describe 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了汉服在洛阳等地的流行情况，以及中国华服日，还讲述了汉服受年轻人喜爱，部分人向其他国家传播汉服文化。 1．句意：在街上、公园里、公交车上，在每个地方你都能看到他们。 place地方；city城市；country国家；town城镇。根据“In the street, in the park, on the bus”可知，是说在每个地方都能看到，place符合语境。故选A。 2．句意：穿汉服在年轻的中国人中很流行。 Becoming变得；Buying买；Wearing穿；Changing改变。根据“hanfu is popular among young Chinese”可知，是穿汉服流行，Wearing符合语境。故选C。 3．句意：许多城市都有汉服俱乐部。 clubs俱乐部；camps营地；shops商店；factories工厂。根据“Most club members wear the clothes during holidays”可知，是汉服俱乐部，clubs符合语境。故选A。 4．句意：或者当他们想拍漂亮的照片时，他们会穿汉服。 buy买；play玩；paint绘画；take拍摄。“take photos”是固定短语，意为“拍照”，take符合语境。故选D。 5．句意：事实上，有一个特殊的日子来展示这种传统服饰。 funny有趣的；interesting有趣的；difficult困难的；special特殊的。根据“It’s called China Huafu Day”可知，是特殊的日子，special符合语境。故选D。 6．句意：它在农历三月初三。 on在，用于具体某一天；in在，用于年、月、季节等；from从……；to到……。“the third day of March”是具体某一天，用on。故选A。 7．句意：在它们之中，汉服有最多的爱好者。 leaves离开；has有；blows吹；is是。根据“the most fans”可知，是有最多爱好者，has符合语境。故选B。 8．句意：中国人对他们的传统文化更有自信了。 your你的；his他的；her她的；their他们的。主语“Chinese people”是复数，用their指代“他们的”。故选D。 9．句意：穿传统服饰可能是一种展示这些感受的有趣方式。 problems问题；feelings感受；differences不同；colors颜色。根据“Chinese people feel more confident about their traditional culture”可知，是展示对传统文化的感受，feelings符合语境。故选B。 10．句意：一些年轻人甚至把汉服文化带到其他国家。 keep保持；pick挑选；bring带来；describe描述。“bring... to...”表示“把……带到……”，bring符合语境。故选C。 Passage 2 （2023·福建·中考真题） 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Niejiazhuang Village in Weifang is famous for colored clay sculpture handicraft (泥塑手工艺), which dates back to the Ming Dynasty. The Weifang government has 11 (encourage) local people to learn traditional handicraft and make more money to get rid of poverty(脱贫). Nie Peng 12 (be) a young villager in Niejiazhuang. He is crazy about clay sculpture handicraft. He began learning it from his father when he was 13 child. He has led lots of young craftsmen (手艺人) in and near 14 (he) village to make colored clay sculptures and the handicraft has become an important way for local people to get 15 (rich) than before. The tiger is a typical subject for colored clay sculptures. Nie 16 (start) to learn to make clay tigers in 2010, the Year of the Tiger. Over these years, he has seen the development of the art form. 17 first, the clay tigers were all of the same small size. Now there are tigers of different 18 (size) and the largest can be over two meters tall. The tigers used to be colored pink and green, but now have become more colorful. Today Nie cares for the future of clay sculpture handicraft 19 encourages young craftsmen to create more works. He 20 (real) hopes that the sculpture handicraft will be passed down to the next generation. 【答案】 11．encouraged 12．is 13．a 14．his 15．richer 16．started 17．At 18．sizes 19．and 20．really 【导语】本文主要介绍了潍坊的聂家庄村以彩泥塑工艺品闻名。 11．句意：潍坊市政府鼓励当地人学习传统手工艺，多赚钱以摆脱贫困。根据has可知，时态是现在完成时，动词用过去分词，故填encouraged。 12．句意：聂鹏是聂家庄的一位年轻村民。此处是说明一个事实，主语是单数，be动词用is，故填is。 13．句意：当他还是个孩子的时候，他就开始向父亲学习。此处是泛指一个孩子，child以辅音音素开头，应用a，故填a。 14．句意：他带领村里和附近的许多年轻工匠制作彩泥塑，手工业成为当地人比以前更富有的重要途径。空后是名词，应用形容词性物主代词his，故填his。 15．句意：他带领村里和附近的许多年轻工匠制作彩泥塑，手工业成为当地人比以前更富有的重要途径。根据“than”可知，应用比较级，故填richer。 16．句意：2010年虎年，聂开始学习制作泥虎。根据“in 2010”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填started。 17．句意：起初，粘土老虎都是一样的小尺寸。at first“起初”，是固定表达，故填At。 18．句意：现在有不同大小的老虎，最大的可以超过两米高。size“大小”，可数名词，different后加可数名词复数，故填sizes。 19．句意：今天，聂关心泥塑手工艺的未来，鼓励年轻工匠创作更多的作品。前后句是并列关系，应用and，故填and。 20．句意：他真希望雕塑手艺能传给下一代。real是形容词，修饰动词hopes，应用副词，故填really。 模拟演练 Passage 1 Chinese Folk Art—Paper-cutting Paper-cutting is one of the most popular traditional Chinese folk arts. It has a long-standing history, dating back to the 6th century. In ancient times, paper-cutting was often used for religious (宗教的) and ceremonial (仪式的) purposes. As time went by, it gradually became a form of decoration for everyday life. The art of paper-cutting mainly uses paper as the material. Skilled artisans (工匠) use scissors or knives to cut paper into various patterns. These patterns can include flowers, birds, animals, and even stories from Chinese legends and history. For example, the pattern of a fish often symbolizes surplus (盈余) and prosperity (繁荣) in Chinese culture, because the pronunciation of “fish” in Chinese is similar to the word for “surplus”. In different regions of China, paper-cutting has its own unique styles. The northern style is usually bold and simple, with strong lines and a focus on expressing the general shape and spirit of the subject. On the other hand, the southern style is more delicate and intricate (错综复杂的), with fine-detailed patterns that show the superb skills of the artisans. Today, paper-cutting is not only still popular in Chinese homes during festivals like the Spring Festival, when people paste paper-cuttings on windows and doors to add a festive atmosphere, but it has also gained international recognition. Many art exhibitions around the world feature Chinese paper-cutting works, allowing people from different cultures to appreciate the charm and beauty of this traditional art form. 1．When did paper-cutting first appear? A．In the 1st century. B．In the 6th century. C．In modern times. D．During the Spring Festival. 2．Why does the pattern of a fish in paper-cutting symbolize surplus? A．Because fish are very common in China. B．Because fish are beautiful. C．Because the pronunciation of “fish” in Chinese is similar to the word of “surplus”. D．Because people like eating fish. 3．What is the characteristic of the northern style of paper-cutting? A．Bold and simple. B．Delicate and intricate. C．Colorful and vivid. D．Small and exquisite. 4．Where can people see Chinese paper-cutting works nowadays? A．Only in Chinese homes. B．Only in China. C．In international art exhibitions. D．Nowhere outside of China. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国传统民间艺术——剪纸，包括其历史、用途、材料、图案寓意、南北方剪纸风格差异等。 1．细节理解题。根据“It has a long-standing history, dating back to the 6th century.”可知，剪纸可追溯到6世纪。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“the pattern of a fish often symbolizes surplus (盈余) and prosperity (繁荣) in Chinese culture, because the pronunciation of ‘fish’ in Chinese is similar to the word for ‘surplus’.”可知，鱼图案象征盈余是因“鱼”的中文发音和“余”相似，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“The northern style is usually bold and simple, with strong lines and a focus on expressing the general shape and spirit of the subject.”可知，北方剪纸风格特点是粗犷、简洁，故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Many art exhibitions around the world feature Chinese paper-cutting works”可知，如今在国际艺术展览中能看到中国剪纸作品。故选C。 Passage 2 The Tang Dynasty was a golden age of Chinese culture, and its art was famous for its colorful and creative styles. What do you think of when you think about Tang Dynasty art? One feature about China, paintings and clothing from that time was that they used a lot of different colors. This was also true for women’s faces. The ladies back then were given much freedom to express their beauty. They used makeup (化妆品) with brighter colors than before. They put makeup mainly on their faces, forehead, eyebrows and cheeks to look more beautiful. “Women’s facial makeup in the Tang Dynasty was different from today. They put yellow powder on their foreheads. It was called the ‘yellow forehead’”, explains Sun Ji of the Museum of Chinese History. Just like the “yellow forehead”, the “green eyebrows” was also a makeup word. __▲__They dyed their eyebrows green to make themselves look nice. Later, the green color got darker and turned black. Besides the yellow forehead and green eyebrows, they also stuck a flower-like thing between their eyebrows. The shapes were different. The simplest one was a round dot (小点). A fancier one could look like a pair of wings. Nowadays, most of us may not think the Tang Dynasty makeup is very beautiful. “Aesthetics change,” Sun says. “For example, in the early Tang Dynasty, women thought wide eyebrows were pretty. They also put two dots at the corners of their mouths. They were usually light in color.” One thing remains unchanged, though: People always like to look for beauty. The most important thing is that people from different times love beauty. Even if Tang makeup looks unusual to us today, it remains a charming part of China’s great cultural history. The Tang Dynasty’s colorful art and creative styles continue to inspire people around the world. 1．What was special about the art in the Tang Dynasty? A．It was mainly about women’s faces. B．It showed women’s freedom. C．It focused on clothing and paintings. D．It used a lot of different colors. 2．Which sentence can be put in the __▲__? A．Makeup at that time was very expensive. B．Women loved colorful forehead very much. C．Women were very careful with their eyebrows. D．People at that time were good at making makeup. 3．What does the underlined word “Aesthetics” mean? A．Styles of makeup. B．Ideas of beauty. C．Colors of makeup. D．Popularity of art. 4．What can we infer from the text? A．People in different times have different ideas of beauty. B．Tang Dynasty art was a lot like the modern makeup style. C．The “yellow forehead” makeup is still quite popular now. D．People’s understanding of beauty has always stayed the same. 5．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Women’s Life in Tang Dynasty B．Special Makeup in Old China C．How to Make Up Like Ancient People? D．Painting Skills in Chinese History 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了唐代艺术以多彩和富有创意的风格著称，重点介绍了唐代女性独特的妆容，包括黄额、绿眉、眉间花钿等，还提到审美观念会随时代变化，但人们对美的追求不变，唐代多彩的艺术和创意风格仍在激励着世界人民。 1．细节理解题。根据“One feature about china, paintings and clothing from that time was that they used a lot of different colors.”可知，唐代艺术的特别之处在于使用了很多不同的颜色。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据前文“the ‘green eyebrows’ was also a makeup word”以及后文“They dyed their eyebrows green to make themselves look nice.”可知，此处是在说女性对眉毛很在意，会染成绿色。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Nowadays, most of us may not think the Tang Dynasty makeup is very beautiful. ‘Aesthetics change,’”可知，现在人们对唐代妆容的看法不同，是因为审美观念发生了变化，“Aesthetics”指“审美观念，美的理念”。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“Aesthetics change”以及“Even if Tang makeup looks unusual to us today”可知，不同时代的人对美的看法不同。故选A。 5．最佳标题题。文章主要介绍了唐代女性独特的妆容，如黄额、绿眉、眉间花钿等，以及其体现的审美观念。故选B。 Passage 3 ① Huabobo is a kind of traditional food in Shandong. It has a history of more than 300 years. People in Shandong like it very much. They usually eat it on special days, such as festivals, weddings and birthdays. So there are many factories for making Huabobo in Shandong. ② Yu Lili, from Weihai, Shandong, likes Huabobo very much. When she was a child, her grandmother taught her how to make Huabobo. So she is good at making it. She has a factory in her village. There are about 80 workers in her factory. They can make over 500 kinds of Huabobo. Yu and her workers spent a lot of time on it, but she is happy because a lot of young people show love to her Huabobo. ③ Huabobo is not only a kind of food but also an art. Huabobo comes in different colors and shapes, like animals, flowers and fruit. It looks good and it’s delicious. ④ For people in Shandong, Huabobo is a symbol of the Chinese New Year. It shows good luck and people’s wishes for a good life. That’s why it becomes popular with more and more people in Shandong. 1．What is Huabobo according to the passage? A．A traditional festival. B．A birthday present. C．A kind of food. D．An animal. 2．Who taught Yu Lili to make Huabobo? A．She herself. B．Her grandmother. C．Her workers. D．Her friends. 3．Which picture shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 4．Which can be the best title (标题) for the passage? A．The History of Huabobo B．How to Make Huabobo C．The Traditional Food—Huabobo D．Yu Lili—a Huabobo maker 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了山东的一种传统食品——花饽饽。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Huabobo is a kind of traditional food in Shandong.”可知，花饽饽是一种食物。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“When she was a child, her grandmother taught her how to make Huabobo.”可知，是于丽丽的奶奶教她做花饽饽的。故选B。 3．篇章结构题。第一段总体介绍花饽饽并说明它很受欢迎；第二段以花饽饽制作人于丽丽为例，详述花饽饽在山东很受欢迎；第三段说明花饽饽不但是一种食物，还是一种艺术；第四段总结花饽饽在山东受欢迎的原因，与第一段相呼应。所以本文是“总——分——总”的结构。故选D。 4．最佳标题题。本文介绍了山东的一种传统食品——花饽饽，C项“传统食品——花饽饽”最适合作本文标题。故选C。 Passage 4 完形填空 As students in Jiangsu, you must know Su embroidery (苏绣). But Shu embroidery (蜀绣) is also a famous 1 in China. It is famous for its exciting needlework (针线活) and strong expression. Shu embroidery is 2 Su embroidery largely because it comes from Sichuan. People there enjoy a 3 lifestyle, so when embroidering, they are usually willing to spend more time 4 it. Making beautiful Shu embroidery is 5 easy. It takes super skills. Meng Dezhi, 59, was born into a 6 of embroidery artists. She is one of the greatest 7 of Shu embroidery. She has her own workshop. 8 to make excellent Shu embroidery often challenges (挑战) her. Making a piece takes weeks or even a few 9 . In winter, when the temperature is very low, things become even more difficult, 10 Meng’s love for the work always tells her to keep working. Meng also does a lot to 11 the traditional art from fading (衰落). 12 can make cheap embroideries so few people want to make them by hand. To 13 the traditional art, Meng began to teach young people Shu embroidery skills. She 14 me, “I really feel I have the responsibility (责任) to 15 Shu embroidery skills to young people, to let the skills run from generation to generation”. 1．A．style B．color C．history D．field 2．A．similar to B．the same as C．different from D．close to 3．A．fast B．slow C．busy D．hard 4．A．in B．for C．with D．on 5．A．sometimes B．usually C．always D．never 6．A．family B．school C．neighborhood D．community 7．A．painters B．singers C．masters D．students 8．A．Where B．How C．When D．Who 9．A．hours B．days C．months D．years 10．A．so B．or C．because D．but 11．A．stop B．help C．make D．attract 12．A．Machines B．Schools C．Students D．Animals 13．A．put up B．carry on C．turn on D．hold up 14．A．asked B．told C．spoke D．talked 15．A．sell B．take C．invite D．pass 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．D 11．A 12．A 13．B 14．B 15．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了蜀绣及蜀绣传承人孟德芝的故事。 1．句意：但蜀绣在中国也是一种著名的刺绣风格。 style风格，样式；color颜色；history历史；field领域。根据“...you must know Su embroidery. But Shu embroidery is also a famous...”可知，本句描述蜀绣本身的属性，它与苏绣一样，也是一种刺绣形式。故选A。 2．句意：蜀绣与苏绣大不相同，主要因为它起源于四川。 similar to与……相似；the same as与……相同；different from不同于；close to接近。根据“because it comes from Sichuan”可知，起源于四川的蜀绣与起源于江苏的苏绣大不相同。故选C。 3．句意：那里的人们享受慢节奏的生活方式，因此在刺绣时，他们通常愿意花更多的时间。 fast快的；slow慢的；busy忙碌的；hard困难的。根据“they are usually willing to spend more time”可知，四川的人们生活节奏比较慢。故选B。 4．句意：那里的人们享受慢节奏的生活方式，因此在刺绣时，他们通常愿意花更多的时间。 in在……里；for为了；with和；on在……上。sb. spend time on sth.“某人在某事上花费时间”，固定表达。故选D。 5．句意：制作精美的蜀绣绝非易事。 sometimes有时；usually通常；always总是；never从不。根据“It takes super skills.”可知，制作蜀绣从来不是一件容易的事情。故选D。 6．句意：59 岁的孟德芝出生于刺绣艺术世家。 family家庭；school学校；neighborhood街区；community社区，社会。本句介绍孟德芝的出身，“born into a family of...” 表示 “出生于……家庭”。故选A。 7．句意：她是蜀绣最杰出的大师之一。 painters画家；singers歌手；masters大师，能手；students学生。根据“She has her own workshop.”可知，孟德芝在蜀绣方面有一定的专业地位。故选C。 8．句意：如何制作出精湛的蜀绣常常给她带来挑战。 Where在哪里；How怎么样；When什么时候；Who谁。根据“make excellent Shu embroidery”和“challenges her”可知，制作蜀绣的方式方法会给她带来挑战，只有B选项符合句意。故选B。 9．句意：制作一件作品需要数周甚至数月时间。 hours小时；days天；months月；years年。根据“takes weeks or even a few...”可知，设空处强调时间的递进，months符合蜀绣制作周期的一般特点，years对于正常的一件作品来说，表达稍显极端。故选C。 10．句意：冬天，气温很低时，事情会变得更困难，但孟德芝对这份工作的热爱总让她坚持下去。 so因此；or或者；because因为；but但是。“Meng’s love for the work always tells her to keep working”与“things become even more difficult”构成转折关系。故选D。 11．句意：孟德芝也做了很多事来阻止这项传统艺术的衰落。 stop阻止；help帮助；make使；attract吸引。根据fading可知，“阻止”蜀绣衰落符合语境。故选A。 12．句意：机器可以制作廉价的刺绣，因此很少有人愿意手工制作。 Machines机器；Schools学校；Students学生；Animals动物。此处与by hand“手工”形成对比，解释传统刺绣衰落的原因，A选项符合句意。故选A。 13．句意：为了传承这项传统艺术，孟德芝开始向年轻人传授蜀绣技艺。 put up张贴；carry on传承，继续；turn on打开；hold up举起。根据“teach young people Shu embroidery skills”可知，教授年轻人蜀绣技艺是为了将这项艺术传承下去。故选B。 14．句意：她告诉我，“我真的觉得我有责任把蜀绣技艺传递给年轻人，让这项技艺代代相传。” asked询问；told告诉；spoke讲，后接语言；talked谈论，不及物动词。“I really feel...”为孟德芝告诉作者的话，结合设空处后直接接宾语，所以B选项符合句意和语法要求。故选B。 15．句意：她告诉我，“我真的觉得我有责任把蜀绣技艺传递给年轻人，让这项技艺代代相传。” sell卖；take拿走；invite邀请；pass传递。根据“from generation to generation”可知，pass...to...“把……传给……”，符合“代代相传”的语境。故选D。 Passage 5 短文填空 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完善，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整第写出空缺处各单词的正确形式（每空一词） on    attract   treasure   piece   because   they   carve   folk   special   large Do you know Chinese woodcarving? It is a kind of traditional Chinese 1 art. There are different kinds of Chinese woodcarving artworks. Some are famous for the amazing patterns (图案) 2 the artworks, while others are famous for the special styles. Some 3 are very small. You can hold the pieces in hand. Others are very large. You can put 4 in front of buildings to decorate. To make a piece of woodcarving, a woodcarver 5 needs good skills and great patience (耐心). First, the woodcarver needs to choose the right wood. It’s the most important step to make a piece of woodcarving. 6 the materials are very important for woodcarving. Then the woodcarver draws the design on it. After that, the woodcarver uses tools such as knives to 7 the wood into the shape he wants. Chinese woodcarving is not only something beautiful. It also has 8 meanings. It is a symbol of the high skills of Chinese craftspeople and a 9 of traditional Chinese culture. Now, it 10 attention (注意力) from other countries. Many people around the world like to collect Chinese woodcarving. 【答案】 1．folk 2．on 3．pieces 4．them 5．largely 6．Because 7．carve 8．special 9．treasure 10．attracts 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国木雕这一传统民间艺术，包括其种类、制作过程、意义以及当下的受关注情况。 1．句意：它是一种中国传统民间艺术。根据“traditional Chinese...art”可知，此处指“民间艺术”，备选词folk“民间的”符合语境。故填folk。 2．句意：有些因其作品上令人惊叹的图案而闻名，而另一些则因其独特的风格而闻名。根据“the amazing patterns...the artworks”可知，图案是在作品上的，备选词on“在……上面”符合语境。故填on。 3．句意：有些作品非常小。根据“You can hold the pieces in hand”可知，此处指木雕作品，备选词piece“件；作品”符合语境，由“some”可知用复数形式pieces。故填pieces。 4．句意：你可以把它们放在建筑物前面装饰。根据“Others are very large. You can put...in front of buildings”可知，此处指代前面的“Others（大型木雕作品）”，用they的宾格them作宾语。故填them。   5．句意：要制作一件木雕，木雕艺人在很大程度上需要良好的技巧和极大的耐心。根据“needs good skills and great patience”可知，此处需用副词修饰动词needs，备选词large的副词形式largely“在很大程度上”符合语境。故填largely。 6．句意：因为材料对木雕来说非常重要。根据“It’s the most important step to make a piece of woodcarving.”和“the materials are very important for woodcarving”可知，后句是前句的原因，备选词because“因为”符合语境，句首首字母大写。故填Because。 7．句意：之后，木雕艺人用刀等工具将木头雕刻成他想要的形状。根据“uses tools such as knives to...the wood into the shape”可知，此处表示“雕刻”，备选词carve“雕刻”符合语境，不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填carve。 8．句意：它还有特殊的意义。根据“meanings”可知，此处需用形容词修饰名词，备选词special“特殊的”符合语境。故填special。 9．句意：它是中国工匠高超技艺的象征，也是中国传统文化的瑰宝。根据“a...of traditional Chinese culture”可知，此处指“瑰宝”，备选词treasure“瑰宝；珍宝”符合语境，由“a”可知用单数形式。故填treasure。 10．句意：现在，它吸引了来自其他国家的关注。根据“attention from other countries”可知，此处表示“吸引”，备选词attract“吸引”符合语境，由“now”和主语it可知，用第三人称单数形式attracts。故填attracts。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 4 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Chinese Folk Art 人与社会—中国民间艺术 话题阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage A 阅读理解 说明文 217 介绍了粤剧这一中国南方地区的戏剧艺术形式，包括其起源、发展历程、艺术特色、关键技能以及文化地位等 Passage B 阅读理解 说明文 348 介绍了北京非物质文化遗产 “面人郎” 的起源、艺术特点、传承脉络，并指出其面临的传承困境 真题演练 Passage1 完形填空 说明文 210 介绍了汉服在洛阳等地的流行情况，以及中国华服日，还讲述了汉服受年轻人喜爱，部分人向其他国家传播汉服文化。 Passage2 短文填空 说明文 233 介绍了潍坊的聂家庄村以彩泥塑工艺品闻名。 模拟演练 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 266 介绍了中国传统民间艺术——剪纸，包括其历史、用途、材料、图案寓意、南北方剪纸风格差异等。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 311 讲述了唐代艺术以多彩和富有创意的风格著称，重点介绍了唐代女性独特的妆容，包括黄额、绿眉、眉间花钿等，还提到审美观念会随时代变化 Passage3 阅读理解 说明文 196 介绍了山东的一种传统食品——花饽饽。 Passage4 完形填空 记叙文 234 介绍了蜀绣及蜀绣传承人孟德芝的故事 Passage5 选词填空 说明文 195 介绍了中国木雕这一传统民间艺术，包括其种类、制作过程、意义以及当下的受关注情况。 时文阅读 话题谚语小知识 1.关于民间艺术的“根”与“魂” “Folk art is the root of a nation’s culture, carrying the memory and wisdom of its people.”—— Feng Jicai 民间艺术是一个民族文化的根，承载着人民的记忆与智慧。—— 冯骥才 2. 关于剪纸艺术的独特语言 “With a pair of scissors and a piece of paper, Chinese folk artists can tell stories, express emotions, and capture the soul of a culture.”—— Unknown (commonly used in exhibitions of Chinese paper-cutting) 仅凭一把剪刀和一张纸，中国民间艺术家便能讲述故事、表达情感，并捕捉一种文化的灵魂。 — 常见于中国剪纸艺术展的英文介绍 3. 关于民间艺术中的生命力 “In every stitch of embroidery and every brushstroke of a New Year painting, there is the heartbeat of ordinary people and their love for life.”— Adapted from descriptions of Chinese folk art 在一针一线的刺绣里，在每一笔年画的描绘中，都跳动着普通人的心跳，蕴含他们对生活的热爱。 — 改编自中国民间艺术相关描述 4. 关于传承与创新 “Tradition is not the worship of ashes, but the passing on of fire.”— Gustav Mahler 传统不是对灰烬的崇拜，而是对火焰的传递。— 古斯塔夫·马勒 5.关于传承与根基 When you drink the water, remember the spring.饮水思源。 6.关于文化的力量 A nation’s culture lives in the hearts of its people and in its traditions. 一个民族的文化，活在人民的心中，也活在它的传统里。 7. 关于积累与传承 One generation plants the trees; the next enjoys the shade.前人栽树，后人乘凉。 8. 关于礼仪与文化根基 English: Without culture, a people have no past; without tradition, a people have no future.没有文化，一个民族就没有过去；没有传统，一个民族就没有未来。 9. 关于学习传统 If you want to understand today, you have to search yesterday.欲知今日，必察往昔。 写作谚语： 1.Do as Romans do when in Rome. 入乡随俗。 2.A snow year， a rich year. 瑞雪兆丰年。 3.Courtesy on one side only lasts not long. 来而不往非礼也。 时文阅读 Passage A       Cantonese Opera is a theatre art in southern China. It is very popular in Guangdong, Guangxi, Hong Kong and Macau, and now it has been acted all around the world. The history of it can date back to the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty. During the 16th century, it mixed opera from the northern China with local acting traditions in Guangdong. The unique mix created a new kind of theatre art. In the early days, many shows were on small stages (舞台) in the countryside. Later, shows were more often seen in city theatres. During the 20th century, Cantonese Opera became prevalent across the country. A lot of people became interested in it. Cantonese Opera is a wonderful mix of storytelling, music and fighting. The shows are often based on well-known traditional stories or events from Chinese history. Actors appear on stage in colourful costumes (服装), with face paint and doing difficult and exciting martial arts actions. There are four key skills in Cantonese Opera: singing, acting, speeches and martial arts. Actors are usually trained in each of these areas. Because of its long tradition and its importance, Cantonese Opera was included on the UNESCO intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) list in 2009. 1．When did the Cantonese Opera start? A．In the 15th century. B．During Ming Dynasty. C．During the 20th century. D．In 2009. 2．What does the underlined word “prevalent” in the third paragraph mean? A．expensive B．colourful C．popular D．unique 3．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．There are four main skills in Cantonese Opera. B．Most of the stories in Cantonese Opera are unknown. C．Cantonese Opera developed in the 16th century. D．There used to be many countryside performances of Cantonese Opera. 4．What is the article mainly talking about? A．The development of the Cantonese Opera. B．The important parts in the Cantonese Opera. C．The history of the Cantonese Opera. D．Some facts about the Cantonese Opera. 长难句解析 1. 原文： During the 16th century, it mixed opera from the northern China with local acting traditions in Guangdong. 译文：16世纪期间，它融合了中国北方的戏曲和广东当地的表演传统。 重点词汇：“mixed...with...”意为“将……与……融合”，准确地表达了粤剧形成过程中南北元素的结合。 2. 原文：The shows are often based on well-known traditional stories or events from Chinese history. 译文：这些节目通常取材于中国历史上著名的传统故事或事件。 句式结构：这是一个包含被动结构“are based on”的简单句。 3.原文：Actors appear on stage in colourful costumes (服装), with face paint and doing difficult and exciting martial arts actions. 译文：演员们身着色彩缤纷的服装登上舞台，脸上涂着颜料，做着高难度、刺激的武术动作。 句式结构：这是一个结构相对复杂的简单句。主干是“Actors appear on stage”，后面跟随了三个并列的伴随状语：“in colourful costumes”（介词短语）、“with face paint”（介词短语）和“doing...actions”（现在分词短语） 【答案与解析】 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了粤剧这一中国南方地区的戏剧艺术形式，包括其起源、发展历程、艺术特色、关键技能以及文化地位等方面的信息。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The history of it can date back to the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty.”可知，粤剧始于明朝嘉靖年间。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“During the 20th century, Cantonese Opera became prevalent across the country. A lot of people became interested in it.”可知，在20世纪，粤剧在全国变得流行起来，很多人开始对它感兴趣。由此可推断，“prevalent”意为“流行的”，与“popular”意思相近。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The shows are often based on well-known traditional stories or events from Chinese history.”可知，粤剧的剧目通常基于中国历史上著名的传统故事或事件，因此B选项“粤剧中的大多数故事都是不为人知的”与文章内容不符。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。文章介绍了粤剧的起源、发展历程、艺术特色、关键技能以及文化地位等方面的信息，因此文章主要谈论的是关于粤剧的一些事实。故选D。 译文 粤剧是中国南方的一种戏剧艺术。它在广东、广西、香港和澳门非常受欢迎，如今已在世界各地演出。 它的历史可以追溯到明朝嘉靖年间。在16世纪，它融合了中国北方的戏曲与广东本地的表演传统。这种独特的融合创造了一种新的戏剧艺术形式。 早期，许多演出在乡村的小舞台上进行。后来，演出更常见于城市的剧院。在20世纪，粤剧在全国变得盛行。许多人开始对它产生兴趣。 粤剧是讲故事、音乐和武打的精彩结合。剧目常基于著名的传统故事或中国历史事件。演员身着色彩鲜艳的戏服，画着脸谱，在舞台上表演高难且精彩的武打动作。 粤剧有四项关键技艺：唱、做、念、打。演员通常会在这些方面接受全面训练。由于其悠久的传统和重要价值，粤剧于2009年被列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录。 Passage B In the hands of Chinese artisans (手艺人), flour is made into lovely models of people or animals. This art form is called dough figurine (面塑). Among the different styles, Beijing’s Dough Figurine Lang is a special folk art. The nice and lovely handicrafts are storytellers of old and new Beijing. In 2008, it was included in the list of national intangible (非物质) cultural heritage (遗产). It was created by Lang Shao’ an (郎绍安). He created animals and characters from important people’s stories, history stories, and local operas. What they finished is either put at the end of a thin stick, or on a table for people to see. Some are mostly for children to eat or play with, with simple shapes and colourful decorations, but some are nice pieces of artwork for people to see only. For this reason, during the making process, they are often mixed with additives (添加剂) to stop them from breaking up, and being eaten by animals. After a long time of practice, Lang Shao’ an is good at making dough figurine with beautiful designs. Lang Jiaizyu (郎佳子彧), born in 1995, is the third- generation (代) man of dough Figurine Lang. By the age of five, he had already made his first dough figurines. When he was 15, he created Beijing Olympic Mascots- shaped dough figurines which were very famous. He looks a bit more fashionable than other folk works of art. In his skilled hands, some figures such as Nezha are popular with young people. Like most of the other intangible cultural heritage handicrafts in China, not many people like the idea and design of dough Figurine Lang. Few young people are willing to take the time to master a skill that does not make money, which means fewer and fewer people want to spend time on learning the handicraft. Good handicrafts need time, energy and love of artisans from one generation to another. 5．What is special about dough Figurine Lang? A．It shows people’s lifestyles and hobbies. B．It is popular with both tourists and the locals. C．It is created by many famous artists. D．It shows Beijing’s colourful culture. 6．Why do artisans add additives to dough figurines? A．To better protect the things people make. B．To help dough have different shapes. C．To keep colors brighter and last longer. D．To make dough figurines taste good. 7．Which is the correct order of the following events? a．dough Figurine Lang was included in the list of national intangible cultural heritage. b．LangJiaizyu created Beijing Olympic Mascots- shaped dough figurines. c．Lang Jiaizyu was born as the third- generation inheritor of dough Figurine Lang. d．LangJiaizyu had made his first dough figurines. A．a-c-b-d B．c-d-b-a C．a-c-d-b D．c-d-a-b 8．What does the passage mainly want to tell us? A．To ask people to know some kinds of folk art. B．To ask people to spend more time learning folk art. C．To ask people to protect national cultural heritage handicrafts. D．To teach people ways to enjoy and understand the handicrafts. 【答案】5．D 6．A 7．D 8．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了北京非物质文化遗产 “面人郎” 的起源、艺术特点、传承脉络，并指出其面临的传承困境，旨在呼吁人们关注和保护民族文化遗产手工艺。 5．细节理解题。根据“Among the different styles Beijing’s dough Figuren Lang is a special folk art. The nice and lovely handicrafts are storytellers of old and new Beijing.”可知，面人郎的特别之处在于它展示了北京丰富多彩的文化，故选D。 6．细节理解题。根据“For this reason, during the making process, they are often mixed with additives (添加剂) to stop them from breaking up, and being eaten by animals.”可知，工匠们在面人制作过程中添加添加剂是为了更好地保护制作出来的物品，故选A。 7．推理判断题。根据“Lang Jiaizyu (郎佳子彧), born in 1995, is the third-generation (代) man of dough Figurine Lang.”可知c发生时间最早；根据“By the age of five, he had already made his first dough figurines.”可知d发生在其5岁时，即在1995+5=2000年左右；根据“When he was 15, he created Beijing Olympic Mascots-shaped dough figurines which were very famous.”可知b发生在其15岁时，即在1995+15=2010年左右；根据“In 2008, it was included in the list of national intangible (非物质) cultural heritage (遗产).”可知a发生在2008年。所以正确顺序是c-d-a-b，故选D。 8．主旨大意题。文章介绍了面人郎这一民间艺术的特色、制作情况、传承人的经历等，最后提到像面人郎这样的非物质文化遗产手工艺面临传承困境，所以文章主要是呼吁人们保护国家文化遗产手工艺品，故选C。 译文 在中国手艺人的手中，面粉被制作成精美的人物或动物造型。这种艺术形式被称为面塑。在众多流派中，北京的面人郎是一种独特的民间艺术。这些精美可爱的工艺品是讲述老北京与新北京故事的载体。2008年，它被列入国家级非物质文化遗产名录。 面人郎由郎绍安创立。他创作了取材自重要人物事迹、历史故事和地方戏曲的动物与人物形象。完成的作品或插在细棍顶端，或置于案头供人观赏。其中一些造型简单、色彩鲜艳的面塑主要用于儿童食用或玩耍，而另一些则是仅供观赏的精美艺术品。正因如此，在制作过程中，面塑常常会混入添加剂，以防其干裂破碎或被虫鼠啃咬。经过长期实践，郎绍安擅长制作纹饰精美的面塑。 郎佳子彧，1995年出生，是面人郎的第三代传人。他五岁时便制作出了自己的第一件面塑作品。十五岁时，他创作了北京奥运会吉祥物造型的面塑，这些作品曾颇负盛名。他的作品风格相较其他民间工艺显得更为时尚。在他灵巧的手中，诸如哪吒等形象深受年轻人喜爱。 与中国大多数其他非物质文化遗产手工艺一样，如今欣赏面人郎创意与设计的人并不多。很少有年轻人愿意花费时间去掌握一门不赚钱的手艺，这意味着愿意投入时间学习这门技艺的人越来越少。优秀的手工艺需要一代又一代手艺人倾注时间、精力与热爱。 话题写作佳句积累 一、开篇介绍（点明主题） China is a country with a rich variety of traditional folk arts, such as... 中国是一个拥有丰富多彩的传统民间艺术的国家，比如…… 例句：China is a country with a rich variety of traditional folk arts, such as paper-cutting, kites, and shadow puppetry. Among all the traditional Chinese folk arts, I’d like to introduce... which is one of the most famous. 在所有中国传统民间艺术中，我想介绍……，这是其中最著名的一种。 例句：Among all the traditional Chinese folk arts, I’d like to introduce paper-cutting, which is one of the most famous. When it comes to traditional Chinese folk art, ... immediately comes to my mind. 当提到中国传统民间艺术时，我立刻想到了…… 例句：When it comes to traditional Chinese folk art, paper-cutting immediately comes to my mind. 二、描述具体艺术形式（历史、特点、制作过程） With a history of over ... years, ... has become an important part of Chinese culture. 有着……多年的历史，……已经成为中国文化的重要组成部分。 例句：With a history of over 1,500 years, paper-cutting has become an important part of Chinese culture. It is usually made of/from ..., and the process involves ... 它通常由……制成，制作过程包括…… 例句：It is usually made of red paper, and the process involves folding and cutting the paper with scissors or a knife. What makes it special is that ... 它的特别之处在于…… 例句：What makes it special is that every pattern has a meaning, such as happiness, wealth, and good luck. People often use ... to decorate their homes during festivals, especially during ... 人们经常在节日期间用……装饰家园，尤其是在……期间。 例句：People often use paper-cutting to decorate their homes during festivals, especially during the Spring Festival. 三、表达感受与意义（文化内涵、个人感悟） Not only is ... a form of art, but it also carries the wisdom and wishes of the Chinese people. ……不仅是一种艺术形式，还承载着中国人民的智慧和愿望。 例句：Not only is paper-cutting a form of art, but it also carries the wisdom and wishes of the Chinese people. Through ..., we can get a glimpse of the rich traditional culture of China. 通过……，我们可以一窥中国丰富的传统文化。 例句：Through paper-cutting, we can get a glimpse of the rich traditional culture of China. I find it amazing that such a beautiful work of art can be created from something so simple. 我觉得很神奇的是，如此美丽的艺术品可以用如此简单的东西创造出来。 例句：I find it amazing that such a beautiful work of art can be created from a simple piece of paper. 四、结尾呼吁（总结与倡议） In my opinion, it is our duty to protect and pass down these valuable folk arts to the next generation. 在我看来，保护和将这些宝贵的民间艺术传承给下一代是我们的责任。 I hope more people, especially the young, will learn about this traditional art and keep it alive. 我希望更多的人，尤其是年轻人，能够了解这门传统艺术并让它保持活力。 实战演练 真题示例 Passage1 （24-25七年级下·甘肃兰州·期中） On April 20th, I went to Luoyang to admire the peonies (赏牡丹) with my family. The people wearing hanfu there impressed us. In the street, in the park, on the bus, in every 1 you can see them. Hanfu is the traditional clothes of the Han ethnic group (汉族). 2 hanfu is popular among young Chinese. There are hanfu 3 in many cities. Most club members wear the clothes during holidays. Or they wear hanfu when they want to 4 beautiful photos. But some fans wear it almost every day. In fact, there is a(n) 5 day to show this kind of traditional clothes. It’s called China Huafu Day. It is 6 the third day of March of the Chinese lunar calendar (农历). Huafu includes (包括) the traditional clothes of all ethnic groups in China. Among them, hanfu 7 the most fans. “China is becoming a strong country. Chinese people feel more confident (自信) about 8 traditional culture,” Cheng Chuyu, leader of a hanfu club in Beijing, told People’s Daily Online. “Wearing traditional clothes may be an interesting way of showing these 9 .” Some young people even 10 hanfu culture to other countries. 1．A．place B．city C．country D．town 2．A．Becoming B．Buying C．Wearing D．Changing 3．A．clubs B．camps C．shops D．factories 4．A．buy B．play C．paint D．take 5．A．funny B．interesting C．difficult D．special 6．A．on B．in C．from D．to 7．A．leaves B．has C．blows D．is 8．A．your B．his C．her D．their 9．A．problems B．feelings C．differences D．colors 10．A．keep B．pick C．bring D．describe Passage 2 （2023·福建·中考真题） 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Niejiazhuang Village in Weifang is famous for colored clay sculpture handicraft (泥塑手工艺), which dates back to the Ming Dynasty. The Weifang government has 11 (encourage) local people to learn traditional handicraft and make more money to get rid of poverty(脱贫). Nie Peng 12 (be) a young villager in Niejiazhuang. He is crazy about clay sculpture handicraft. He began learning it from his father when he was 13 child. He has led lots of young craftsmen (手艺人) in and near 14 (he) village to make colored clay sculptures and the handicraft has become an important way for local people to get 15 (rich) than before. The tiger is a typical subject for colored clay sculptures. Nie 16 (start) to learn to make clay tigers in 2010, the Year of the Tiger. Over these years, he has seen the development of the art form. 17 first, the clay tigers were all of the same small size. Now there are tigers of different 18 (size) and the largest can be over two meters tall. The tigers used to be colored pink and green, but now have become more colorful. Today Nie cares for the future of clay sculpture handicraft 19 encourages young craftsmen to create more works. He 20 (real) hopes that the sculpture handicraft will be passed down to the next generation. 模拟演练 Passage 1 Chinese Folk Art—Paper-cutting Paper-cutting is one of the most popular traditional Chinese folk arts. It has a long-standing history, dating back to the 6th century. In ancient times, paper-cutting was often used for religious (宗教的) and ceremonial (仪式的) purposes. As time went by, it gradually became a form of decoration for everyday life. The art of paper-cutting mainly uses paper as the material. Skilled artisans (工匠) use scissors or knives to cut paper into various patterns. These patterns can include flowers, birds, animals, and even stories from Chinese legends and history. For example, the pattern of a fish often symbolizes surplus (盈余) and prosperity (繁荣) in Chinese culture, because the pronunciation of “fish” in Chinese is similar to the word for “surplus”. In different regions of China, paper-cutting has its own unique styles. The northern style is usually bold and simple, with strong lines and a focus on expressing the general shape and spirit of the subject. On the other hand, the southern style is more delicate and intricate (错综复杂的), with fine-detailed patterns that show the superb skills of the artisans. Today, paper-cutting is not only still popular in Chinese homes during festivals like the Spring Festival, when people paste paper-cuttings on windows and doors to add a festive atmosphere, but it has also gained international recognition. Many art exhibitions around the world feature Chinese paper-cutting works, allowing people from different cultures to appreciate the charm and beauty of this traditional art form. 1．When did paper-cutting first appear? A．In the 1st century. B．In the 6th century. C．In modern times. D．During the Spring Festival. 2．Why does the pattern of a fish in paper-cutting symbolize surplus? A．Because fish are very common in China. B．Because fish are beautiful. C．Because the pronunciation of “fish” in Chinese is similar to the word of “surplus”. D．Because people like eating fish. 3．What is the characteristic of the northern style of paper-cutting? A．Bold and simple. B．Delicate and intricate. C．Colorful and vivid. D．Small and exquisite. 4．Where can people see Chinese paper-cutting works nowadays? A．Only in Chinese homes. B．Only in China. C．In international art exhibitions. D．Nowhere outside of China. Passage 2 The Tang Dynasty was a golden age of Chinese culture, and its art was famous for its colorful and creative styles. What do you think of when you think about Tang Dynasty art? One feature about China, paintings and clothing from that time was that they used a lot of different colors. This was also true for women’s faces. The ladies back then were given much freedom to express their beauty. They used makeup (化妆品) with brighter colors than before. They put makeup mainly on their faces, forehead, eyebrows and cheeks to look more beautiful. “Women’s facial makeup in the Tang Dynasty was different from today. They put yellow powder on their foreheads. It was called the ‘yellow forehead’”, explains Sun Ji of the Museum of Chinese History. Just like the “yellow forehead”, the “green eyebrows” was also a makeup word. __▲__They dyed their eyebrows green to make themselves look nice. Later, the green color got darker and turned black. Besides the yellow forehead and green eyebrows, they also stuck a flower-like thing between their eyebrows. The shapes were different. The simplest one was a round dot (小点). A fancier one could look like a pair of wings. Nowadays, most of us may not think the Tang Dynasty makeup is very beautiful. “Aesthetics change,” Sun says. “For example, in the early Tang Dynasty, women thought wide eyebrows were pretty. They also put two dots at the corners of their mouths. They were usually light in color.” One thing remains unchanged, though: People always like to look for beauty. The most important thing is that people from different times love beauty. Even if Tang makeup looks unusual to us today, it remains a charming part of China’s great cultural history. The Tang Dynasty’s colorful art and creative styles continue to inspire people around the world. 1．What was special about the art in the Tang Dynasty? A．It was mainly about women’s faces. B．It showed women’s freedom. C．It focused on clothing and paintings. D．It used a lot of different colors. 2．Which sentence can be put in the __▲__? A．Makeup at that time was very expensive. B．Women loved colorful forehead very much. C．Women were very careful with their eyebrows. D．People at that time were good at making makeup. 3．What does the underlined word “Aesthetics” mean? A．Styles of makeup. B．Ideas of beauty. C．Colors of makeup. D．Popularity of art. 4．What can we infer from the text? A．People in different times have different ideas of beauty. B．Tang Dynasty art was a lot like the modern makeup style. C．The “yellow forehead” makeup is still quite popular now. D．People’s understanding of beauty has always stayed the same. 5．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Women’s Life in Tang Dynasty B．Special Makeup in Old China C．How to Make Up Like Ancient People? D．Painting Skills in Chinese History Passage 3 ① Huabobo is a kind of traditional food in Shandong. It has a history of more than 300 years. People in Shandong like it very much. They usually eat it on special days, such as festivals, weddings and birthdays. So there are many factories for making Huabobo in Shandong. ② Yu Lili, from Weihai, Shandong, likes Huabobo very much. When she was a child, her grandmother taught her how to make Huabobo. So she is good at making it. She has a factory in her village. There are about 80 workers in her factory. They can make over 500 kinds of Huabobo. Yu and her workers spent a lot of time on it, but she is happy because a lot of young people show love to her Huabobo. ③ Huabobo is not only a kind of food but also an art. Huabobo comes in different colors and shapes, like animals, flowers and fruit. It looks good and it’s delicious. ④ For people in Shandong, Huabobo is a symbol of the Chinese New Year. It shows good luck and people’s wishes for a good life. That’s why it becomes popular with more and more people in Shandong. 1．What is Huabobo according to the passage? A．A traditional festival. B．A birthday present. C．A kind of food. D．An animal. 2．Who taught Yu Lili to make Huabobo? A．She herself. B．Her grandmother. C．Her workers. D．Her friends. 3．Which picture shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 4．Which can be the best title (标题) for the passage? A．The History of Huabobo B．How to Make Huabobo C．The Traditional Food—Huabobo D．Yu Lili—a Huabobo maker Passage 4 完形填空 As students in Jiangsu, you must know Su embroidery (苏绣). But Shu embroidery (蜀绣) is also a famous 1 in China. It is famous for its exciting needlework (针线活) and strong expression. Shu embroidery is 2 Su embroidery largely because it comes from Sichuan. People there enjoy a 3 lifestyle, so when embroidering, they are usually willing to spend more time 4 it. Making beautiful Shu embroidery is 5 easy. It takes super skills. Meng Dezhi, 59, was born into a 6 of embroidery artists. She is one of the greatest 7 of Shu embroidery. She has her own workshop. 8 to make excellent Shu embroidery often challenges (挑战) her. Making a piece takes weeks or even a few 9 . In winter, when the temperature is very low, things become even more difficult, 10 Meng’s love for the work always tells her to keep working. Meng also does a lot to 11 the traditional art from fading (衰落). 12 can make cheap embroideries so few people want to make them by hand. To 13 the traditional art, Meng began to teach young people Shu embroidery skills. She 14 me, “I really feel I have the responsibility (责任) to 15 Shu embroidery skills to young people, to let the skills run from generation to generation”. 1．A．style B．color C．history D．field 2．A．similar to B．the same as C．different from D．close to 3．A．fast B．slow C．busy D．hard 4．A．in B．for C．with D．on 5．A．sometimes B．usually C．always D．never 6．A．family B．school C．neighborhood D．community 7．A．painters B．singers C．masters D．students 8．A．Where B．How C．When D．Who 9．A．hours B．days C．months D．years 10．A．so B．or C．because D．but 11．A．stop B．help C．make D．attract 12．A．Machines B．Schools C．Students D．Animals 13．A．put up B．carry on C．turn on D．hold up 14．A．asked B．told C．spoke D．talked 15．A．sell B．take C．invite D．pass Passage 5 短文填空 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完善，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整第写出空缺处各单词的正确形式（每空一词） on    attract   treasure   piece   because   they   carve   folk   special   large Do you know Chinese woodcarving? It is a kind of traditional Chinese 1 art. There are different kinds of Chinese woodcarving artworks. Some are famous for the amazing patterns (图案) 2 the artworks, while others are famous for the special styles. Some 3 are very small. You can hold the pieces in hand. Others are very large. You can put 4 in front of buildings to decorate. To make a piece of woodcarving, a woodcarver 5 needs good skills and great patience (耐心). First, the woodcarver needs to choose the right wood. It’s the most important step to make a piece of woodcarving. 6 the materials are very important for woodcarving. Then the woodcarver draws the design on it. After that, the woodcarver uses tools such as knives to 7 the wood into the shape he wants. Chinese woodcarving is not only something beautiful. It also has 8 meanings. It is a symbol of the high skills of Chinese craftspeople and a 9 of traditional Chinese culture. Now, it 10 attention (注意力) from other countries. Many people around the world like to collect Chinese woodcarving. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 4 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $