UNIT 4 Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading(课时跟踪检测)(学用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册（译林版）

Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading 维度一：品句填词 根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。 1.The book was i　　　　　　 for young readers， filled with simple language and vivid illustrations. 2.Owing to the bad weather， we decided to p　　　　 holding the school relay race of the sports meet. 3.The boss of the restaurant agreed to employ me for a t　　　　　　 period of two months. 4.As is known to all， Guangdong is an important p　　　　　　 of South China. 5.Although the two-year 　　　　　　（实验） was not a success， it did provide us with a better understanding of how humans might be able to live on another planet. 6.The money she has saved is 　　　　　　　　（足够） for buying a big apartment for her family. 7.We are 　　　　　　（围绕） by a natural playground just perfect for walking， caving， climbing and cycling. 8.He wants to buy the books in quantity， so the storekeeper will not 　　　　　　（收费） him much. 维度二：词形转换 用所给单词的正确形式填空。 1.She had no 　　　　　　（intend） of hurting your feelings； it was just a misunderstanding. 2.The 　　　　　　（survive） of the fittest is a key concept in Darwin’s theory of evolution. 3.Her menu was so 　　　　　　（limit） that few customers came to her restaurant. 4.Reading a variety of books is 　　　　　　（benefit） in expanding your knowledge. 5.The 　　　　　　（illustrate） in the book made the story more vivid and easier to understand. 6.The old man’s words were full of 　　　　　　（wise）， and everyone listened attentively. 7.Place them in a jam jar， porcelain bowl， or other similar 　　　　　　（contain）. 8.The earthquake was one of the 　　　　　　（dead） natural disasters in the country’s history. 维度三：固定搭配和句式 根据汉语及括号内提示完成下列句子。 1.是他为这个项目做出了巨大贡献。（强调句） 　　　　　　　　　 has made a great contribution to the project. 2.如果没有电，今天的生活将会十分不同。（含蓄虚拟条件句） 　　　　　　　　　　， life 　　　　　　　quite different today. 3.当我说有些人很愚蠢时，我并不是在指你。（refer to） When I said some people were stupid， I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 4.她是在奥运会上第一位获得金牌的女性运动员。（the＋序数词＋名词＋to do ...） She was 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the gold medal in the Olympic Games. 5.经过长途旅行后疲惫不堪，他一躺下就睡着了。（动词-ed形式作状语） 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　， he fell asleep as soon as he lay down. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2025·江苏常州北郊高中月考）What kind of people can become scientists？ When a group of researchers posed that question to 9th-and 10th-graders， almost every student gave such responses as “People who work hard” or “Anyone who seems interested in the field of science.” 　　Many of these same students struggled to imagine themselves as scientists， citing concerns such as “I’m not good at science” and “Even if I work hard， I will not do well.” It’s easy for them to see a scientist’s work as arising from an inborn talent. 　　But for high school students， learning more about some struggles of scientists can help them feel more motivated to learn science.Researchers at Teachers College， Columbia University and the University of Washington designed an intervention to change students’ beliefs that scientific achievement reflects ability rather than effort by exposing students to stories of how accomplished scientists struggled and overcame challenges in their scientific efforts. 　　During the study， the students read one of three types of stories about Albert Einstein， Marie Curie and Michael Faraday.Intellectual struggle stories： stories about how scientists struggled intellectually， such as making mistakes while tackling a scientific problem and learning from them.Life struggle stories： stories about how scientists struggled in their personal lives， such as not giving up in the face of poverty or lack of family support.Achievement stories： stories about how scientists made great discoveries， without any discussion of coexisting challenges. 　　Researchers found that students who heard either type of “struggle stories” improved their science performance post-intervention， relative to students in the control group.The effect was especially pronounced for lower performing students， for whom exposure to struggling stories led to significantly better science-class performance than low-performing students who read achievement stories.In addition， students who read struggle stories reported feeling more personally connected to the scientists.By identifying a scientist’s struggles and introducing the growth mindset he or she applied to accomplish great works， the students were able to empathize （共情） with the scientists during their own struggles. 1.Why do students fail to imagine themselves as scientists？（　　） A.They lack interest in science. B.They don’t possess inborn talent. C.They are short of confidence. D.They have no ability to study science. 2.What’s the purpose of the intervention？（　　） A.To introduce some inspirational stories to students. B.To expose students to scientists’ great achievements. C.To ensure students will become scientists in the future. D.To clear students’ misunderstandings of scientific work. 3.The underlined word “pronounced” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to 　　　　.（　　） A.permanent　　　　　　B.obvious C.doubtful　　　　　　　D.delicate 4.What can we learn from the research？（　　） A.Science ability has nothing to do with efforts. B.Students are more motivated by achievement stories. C.Scientists’ struggle stories can influence readers’ beliefs. D.Low-performing students tend to feel connected to scientists. B 　　（2025·广东惠州一中监测）A new study suggests that science role-playing may help tighten the gender gap in science， technology， engineering， and math（STEM）education and careers for women simply by improving their identity as scientists. 　　Frustrated by the gender gap in STEM， in which some fields employ at least three times more men than women， Cornell graduate student Reut Shachnai wanted to do something about it.Reut said the idea to help foster young girls’ interest in science came to her during a lecture in a class she was taking on Psychology of Imagination. 　　Reut designed an experiment to test if assuming the role of a successful scientist would improve girls’ persistence in a sink-or-float science game.The game itself was simple yet challenging： a computer screen projected a slide with an object in the center above a pool of water.Kids then had to predict whether the object would sink or float. 　　She studied 240 four-to-seven-year-olds， because this is around the time kids first develop their sense of identity and capabilities.They were divided into two groups.Children in the “story” group learned about the successes and struggles of a gender-matched scientist before playing the game.Boys heard about Isaac Newton and girls were told about Marie Curie.Children in the “pretend” group were told to assume the identity of the scientist they just learned about. 　　All kids played at least one round of the game.No matter what group they were in， girls got the answers right just as often as boys — nearly 70% of the time.Boys， however， didn’t really benefit from the stories or make-believe.Besides， girls pretending to be Dr Marie persisted twice as long at the sink-or-float game， playing just as much as the boys did. 　　Reut’s teacher Tamar Kushnir said， “Rather than merely hearing about role models， children may benefit from actively performing the type of actions they see role models perform.In other words， taking a few steps in the role model’s shoes， instead of merely observing her walk.” 5.Why did Reut design a sink-or-float science game？（　　） A.To handle the gender gap in STEM. B.To attach importance to STEM. C.To draw kids’ attention to STEM. D.To compare boys’ and girls’ persistence. 6.What can we infer from the sink-or-float game？（　　） A.Kids enjoyed listening to scientists’ stories. B.Boys avoided playing make-believe games. C.Girls performed as well as boys in science. D.Children followed Dr Marie to explore science. 7.What is Tamar Kushnir’s attitude towards kids’ assuming identity as scientists？（　　） A.Supportive.　　　　　　B.Doubtful. C.Indifferent.　　　　　　D.Negative. 8.What would be the best title for the passage？（　　） A.Girls Should Get Recognition like Boys B.A Fine Example Has Boundless Power for Kids C.Girls Can Work on More Science Games D.Make-believe Exercises Benefit Girls in STEM C 　　（2025·江苏常州北郊高中月考）Chinese scientists have created starch （淀粉）， a type of complex carbohydrate found in plants， using carbon dioxide， hydrogen and electricity. 　　Experts say if such technique can be scaled up （按比例增加） to the level of industrialization， it may revolutionize how this key nutrient and industrial ingredient is made， since it does not require farming and processing a large quantity of starchy crops such as sweet potatoes and corn， thus saving more water， fertilizer， and arable land. 　　It may also be used to recycle carbon dioxide into a consumable product.This will help reduce carbon emissions and fight climate change， especially if the electricity used is from renewable sources like solar and wind. 　　In space exploration it may provide a sustainable food source for astronauts as they travel long distances in space and try to colonize other planets where growing food is impossible.Future space travelers may simply turn the carbon dioxide they breathe out into food they eat. 　　Ma Yanhe， the director of the Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences， says starch and other complex carbohydrates make up 60 to 80 per cent of the human diet. 　　“Our breakthrough demonstrates that creating a complex compound like starch is achievable in a lab， and there are many industries that can benefit from this technology，” he says. 　　Plants create carbohydrates like starch through photosynthesis （光合作用）， which is an extremely complex process， says Ma， adding that it will take a plant about 60 steps to turn carbon dioxide， water and sunlight into starch. 　　Cai Tao， one of the first authors of the study， says for six years， his team has been focusing on a single project： how to make starch， but do it at a higher speed.He says their method involves first converting carbon dioxide and hydrogen gas into methanol （甲醇）.Scientists then piece these single-carbon molecules like a puzzle into bigger and more complex molecules via enzymatic （酶的） processes. 　　With the help of supercomputing， Chinese scientists have simplified the natural starch making process from about 60 into 11 steps and produced starch.The lab-made starch is chemically identical to starch in nature. 9.Which is NOT a potential benefit if the technique can be used on an industrial level？（　　） A.It will have a positive influence on climate change. B.It will help produce renewable resources such as solar and wind. C.It will offer a practical food solution for astronauts. D.It will help save several sources from water to farming land. 10.Which might be the biggest difficulty in creating the lab-made starch？（　　） A.Making starch faster. B.Collecting enough raw materials. C.Repeating the photosynthesis of plants. D.Involving methanol in the making process. 11.What’s the best title for the passage？（　　） A.Starch， an Important Complex Carbohydrate B.The Great Benefits of Starch C.Chinese Scientists Successfully Turn Carbon Dioxide into Starch D.Chinese Scientists Make Contributions to Climate Change 12.In which part of a newspaper could you most probably read the text？（　　） A.Science.　　　　　　B.Lifestyle. C.Environment.　　　　　D.Health. Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Being the Best：Common Qualities of Nobel Prize Winners 　　Once again，we celebrate the Nobel Prize winners and how they expand our knowledge，improve our planet，and enrich our lives.These awards have showed some intellectuals do contribute substantially to advancing our progress.13.（　　） 　　Thinking outside the box. 　　14.（　　） It allows us to look backwards and think ahead.The limit of knowledge is our inability to observe the world and ideas in a new way.Albert Einstein，for example，needed to see beyond the Newtonian understanding of the universe to rewrite the concepts of physics.Nobel Prize winners frequently display enormous amounts of open-mindedness. 　　Acting with persistence. 　　People somehow get the false impression that breakthroughs happen during a sudden moment of understanding.A light shining on their faces，music bursts into the background，and the person immediately discovers some previously hidden answer.Although this scene is wonderful for movies，usually gaining new understandings is a much more complicated process.15.（　　） Those who won Novel Prizes persisted when others gave up.Only those with enormous amounts of persistence can work past these obstacles. 　　16.（　　） 　　Cooperation motivates us，and allows us to consider alternative ideas.These activities create an atmosphere of creation and learning.Additionally，many Nobel Prizes are awarded to multiple people，since the work was accomplished by an assortment （各式各样） of intellectuals working together. 　　These traits exist as similarities among Nobel Prize winners.17.（　　） However，even if you do not achieve this admirable goal，you will indeed have a much greater chance of success in whatever you pursue. A.Working in groups. B.Considering alternative ideas. C.Creativity is one of the most important human resources. D.As for us，we can still learn from the common qualities of the winners. E.Years of devotion，frustration，and even failure usually come before success. F.Of course， displaying these qualities does not mean certainly winning a Noble Prize. G.The Nobel Prizes are the most significant awards given for extraordinary achievements. 6 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading 基础知识自测 维度一 1.intended　2.postpone　3.trial　4.province　5.experiment 6.sufficient　7.surrounded 　8.charge 维度二 1.intention　2.survival　3.limited　4.beneficial 5.illustration　6.wisdom　7.containers　8.deadliest 维度三 1.It is he who 2.Without electricity； would be 3.wasn’t referring to you 4.the first female athlete to win 5.Exhausted after a long journey 素养能力提升 Ⅰ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家们的奋斗故事如何帮助学生提升他们的科学学习动力和成绩。 1.C　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，许多学生难以把自己想象成科学家，是因为他们很容易认为科学家的工作源于天生的才能。由此推断，他们缺乏自信。 2.D　推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可知，讲述杰出科学家在科研工作中遇到的困难和克服挑战的故事，是用来改变学生认为科学成就反映能力而非努力的观念。由此推断，干预的目的是消除学生对科学工作的误解。 3.B　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句及其前一句可知，对于成绩较差的学生来说，这种效果尤为明显，即听了奋斗故事后，他们的科学课成绩显著提高。pronounced意为“明显的”。 4.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段首尾句可知，听到科学家奋斗故事的学生在干预后科学成绩有提高，并且学生能够对科学家的奋斗过程产生共情。由此推断，科学家的奋斗故事可以影响学生的观念。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。新的研究表明，通过提高女性作为科学家的身份，科学角色扮演可能有助于缩小女性在科学、技术、工程和数学（STEM）教育和职业方面的性别差距。 5.A　推理判断题。根据第二段第一句和第三段第一句可知，Reut设计了一个“下沉或漂浮”的游戏，是为了解决在STEM领域存在的性别差距。 6.C　推理判断题。根据第五段第二句和最后一句可知，在游戏当中，女孩在科学方面的表现和男孩一样好。 7.A　观点态度题。根据最后一段中Tamar Kushnir所说可知，Tamar Kushnir认为孩子们扮演科学家角色会让他们从中受益。由此推断，作者对此持支持态度。 8.D　标题归纳题。通读文章内容尤其是第一段可知，本文主要讲述了科学角色扮演的练习有助于缩小女性在STEM的性别差距，对女性是有益的。D项（假装练习在STEM方面对女孩有益）为本文的最佳标题。 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国科学家利用二氧化碳、氢气和电力制造淀粉的技术突破及其对环境、食品生产和太空探索的潜在影响。 9.B　细节理解题。第三段第二句是说如果使用的电力来自可再生能源，将有助于减少碳排放和对抗气候变化，而不是说该技术本身会生产可再生能源。B项（它将有助于生产可再生能源，如太阳能和风能）不是该技术可能带来的潜在好处。 10.A　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句和最后一段第一句可知，团队六年专注于提高制造淀粉的速度，将自然生产淀粉的60步简化为人工合成淀粉的11步。由此推断，制造实验室合成淀粉最大的困难可能是如何更快制造淀粉。 11.C　标题归纳题。文章第一段提出中国科学家的一项技术突破，下文围绕该技术的工业化可能带来的变革、对环境的益处、在太空探索中的作用以及制造过程等方面展开论述。C项（中国科学家成功地将二氧化碳转化为淀粉）概括了文章的核心内容，适合作文章标题。 12.A　文章出处题。文章主要介绍了中国科学家在制造淀粉方面的科学技术，其内容属于科学范畴。因此，文章可能出现在报纸的科学部分。 Ⅱ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了诺贝尔奖得主的共同品质，以激励学生学习这些品质从而取得成功。 13.D　上文提到诺贝尔奖获得者为人类的进步做出了重大贡献，下文则提到了一些品质。D项指出我们可以学习这些获奖者的品质。 14.C　本段主要讲述的是诺贝尔奖获得者通常能够有创造性思维，对思想表现出极大的包容心。C项指出了创造力的重要性。 15.E　根据空后句可知，诺贝尔奖获得者是在别人放弃的时候坚持下去才取得了成功。空前指出了成功是一个复杂的过程。E项指的是成功需要多年的付出甚至多次失败。 16.A　本段主要讲团队合作的重要性。A项概括了本段主旨，适合作为段落小标题。 17.F　空前句说诺贝尔奖获奖者大多拥有上文提到的品质，下文指出即便不能获得诺贝尔奖，我们也可以学习这些品质，帮助自己成功。F项（当然了，表现出这些特质并不意味着一定能获得诺贝尔奖）符合语境。 6 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $