UNIT 2 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage(课时跟踪检测)(学用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册（译林版）

Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage 维度一：基础题型练 单句语法填空。 1.When Jim saw the snake， he was scared 　　　　death， froze still. 2.（2024·1月浙江卷）In her first PE class， Eva 　　　　　　（shock） when Coach Pitt announced that everyone had to run one mile around the track outside. 3.The local government supplied the victims 　　　　　　enough relief. 4.Do you know who is the first astronaut 　　　　　　　　（walk） on the moon？ 5.He hurried to the station， only 　　　　　　（tell） that the tickets had been sold out. 6.I’d like to see Tom， for I have something urgent 　　　　　　（tell） him. 7.The old scientist died all of a sudden， 　　　　（leave） the project unfinished. 8.She is intelligent enough 　　　　　　（solve） the problem all by herself. 9.The problem 　　　　　　（discuss） at tomorrow’s meeting is a very difficult one. 10.On arriving home she realized that she had something 　　　　　　（share） with her mother. 维度二：语法与写作 完成句子。 1.He is the most suitable 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 他是担任这个重要职位最合适的候选人。 2.In fact，he was clever 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 事实上，他很聪明，能解答那个问题。 3.He was 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 他太好了，主动给我让座。 4.She ran to the school， 　　　　　　　　　　that she wasn’t admitted by Peking University. 她跑进学校，却被告知她没有被北京大学录取。 5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 will be very successful. 下周要举行的运动会将会很成功。 6.The firefighter cut off the wire， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 这名消防员剪断了电线，阻止了另一场大火的发生。 维度三：语法与语篇 根据汉语提示用动词不定式的适当形式完成下面短文。 　　This summer holiday， I was 1.　　　　　　　　　　　 （够年龄可以找到） a part-time job in a company.But I had 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　 （要参加一个面试）.With a lot of things to prepare， I was very nervous.The next day， I arrived there early， 3.　　　　　　　　　 （却被告知） that I was 4.　　　　　　　　　　　　 （第一个来的人）.I was nervous again， then I found 5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （一个解决问题的方法）.Finally I got the opportunity 6.　　　　　　　　　　 （在公司里工作）. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2025·湖南常德高中联盟期末）For someone trapped in the debris （废墟） after an earthquake， a rat （老鼠） might be an unwelcome sight.But one scientist has been training rats to act as first responders， equipping them with backpacks and tiny microphones so that they can lead humans to earthquake survivors （幸存者）. 　　Dr Donna Kean was once interested in big animals， but her attention to rats grew when she saw how quickly rats could learn and how well they could be trained.“Rats have a similar sense of smell to dogs， and they’re just as trainable as dogs，” she said.“They also aren’t tied to just one trainer， which is what you find with dogs.And their size is useful because they are able to get into small spaces that dogs are just unable to get into.” 　　They carry tiny bags with microphones in them and are being sent to the debris to find and come into contact with survivors.“There can be sounds coming from the bags that may say something like， ‘I am a rescue rat， I’m here to help you，’” Kean said， “which can be very helpful to those who are scared of the rat.” 　　The rats have yet to face a real-life disaster but they will soon be sent to Turkey to work with the country’s search and rescue teams.At the moment， the rats are learning to make progress.The rats first start their training in a small empty room.And then they move on to increasingly challenging situations until they come close to the debris.That’s where they find the survivors and the chance to talk to them. 　　The rats are the real focus now.They are so good at moving through all kinds of different environments， which just shows how suitable they are for search and rescue work.The work could save the lives of survivors， as well as rescuers， because it will give rescuers a better idea of where survivors are located before they enter the dangerous places.These little rats are on their way to making a big difference now. 1.What is the advantage of rats over dogs in rescue work？（　　） A.Their team spirit. B.Their small size. C.Their good sense of smell. D.Their strong strength. 2.What’s the purpose of rats’ carrying a backpack？（　　） A.To control the rats’ behavior in the task. B.To lead the rats to the survivors directly. C.To contact the survivors in an effective way. D.To provide food and water for the survivors. 3.What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about？（　　） A.The reasons for training rescue rats. B.The cooperation between rats and rescuers. C.The process of training rats for rescue work. D.The good performance of the rats in rescue work. 4.What does the author think of rats’ role in the rescue work？（　　） A.Positive. B.Doubtful. C.Uncertain. D.Disapproving. B 　　The wildfires damaging parts of Australia can be seen from space in new satellite images released by NASA.Australia’s capital，Canberra，was enveloped in a smoky haze Sunday and air quality at midday was measured at 10 times the usual dangerous limit.The damaging fires have killed at least 24 people in Australia and destroyed almost 2，000 homes.The early and damaging start to Australia’s summer wildfires， fed by drought and the country’s hottest and driest year on record， has also been catastrophic （毁灭性的） for the country’s wildlife， likely killing nearly 500 million birds， reptiles and mammals in New South Wales alone， Sydney University ecologist Chris Dickman told the Sydney Morning Herald. 　　Under such extreme conditions， the fires have been generating enough heat to create their own weather systems， including fire-generated thunderstorms and fire tornadoes.Thousands of firefighters continued to fight the flames that have burned millions of acres in New South Wales， Victoria and South Australia， an area twice the size of Maryland.In New South Wales， the Rural Fire Service （RFS） said as of Sunday there were 150 fires active in the state， 64 of them uncontrolled. 　　On Saturday， Prime Minister Scott Morrison announced that， for the first time in Australian history， 3，000 army， navy and air force reservists （后备军人） will battle against the fires.He also committed $14 million to hiring fire-fighting aircraft from overseas.On Sunday， cooler temperatures and lighter winds brought some relief to threatened communities， a day after thousands were forced to escape as flames reached the suburban areas of Sydney.Thousands of firefighters fought to contain the fires， but many fires continued to burn out of control， threatening to wipe out rural townships and causing almost incalculable damage to property and wildlife. 5.What does the underlined phrase “fed by” in paragraph 1 mean？（　　） A.Get food from someone. B.Be strengthened by something. C.Be destroyed by something. D.Under control of something. 6.Why were there thunderstorms and tornadoes？（　　） A.Because the fires generated thunderstorms and tornadoes. B.Because there was rainy weather. C.Because the fires generated enough heat to create extreme weather. D.Because the weather systems are easy to change. 7.What can we learn from the last paragraph？（　　） A.Many soldiers will fight against the fires as they have done before. B.Fires were controlled due to cooler temperatures and lighter winds. C.A lot of people moved out of the suburban areas. D.Damage to property and wildlife is limited. 8.What would be the best title for this passage？（　　） A.Australia’s Destructive Wildfires B.Soldiers Fought Against the Fires C.Wildlife Died from the Fires D.Australia’s Wildfires Was Under Control Ⅱ.阅读七选五 　　We can’t stop natural disasters from happening.But we can make them less damaging if we understand better why they happen and what we can do to prevent or mitigate （减轻） them. 　　9.（　　） So we have to change what we are doing wrong， in order to avoid or reduce the impact of natural disasters. 　　Every community must get to know its own features and surroundings （周围环境）：the natural environment as well as environment built by human beings.This is the only way for a community to manage the dangers that surround it. 　　10.（　　） 　　Learn about the history of the place where you live.11.（　　） What made it happen？ What did people do that they shouldn’t have？ What did they do to make things better？ 　　Share and join in.Newspapers，radio and television can help you to learn more about disasters and disaster prevention.12.（　　） Making drawings about what you have learned can help you to understand disasters and disaster prevention better and to explain them to other people.Talk to your family，friends and people you know about the way risks can be reduced in your community. 　　Get ready.13.（　　） Convince （说明） your parents that your family should have an emergency plan， and put together an emergency kit （应急包） with them. A.Pay now — save lives later！ B.Don’t be scared！Be prepared！ C.School activities can be useful too. D.Get together with your family to spot safe places. E.People are partly responsible for disasters happening. F.These natural disasters have an even more damaging effect. G.Ask your parents and your friends if they have ever experienced a disaster. Ⅲ.完形填空 　　（2025·浙江绍兴期末）A single tremble shook beneath my feet.The trees above me began to sway （摇摆） hard.Then came the deadly 　14　 that could only mean one thing， destruction.Every house and object was now 　15　.My vision blurred （模糊） even more when I saw the remains of my house.The house that used to 　16　 all the happiness in the world was now 　17　 a pile of ruined pieces.I 　18　 all the times I played with my little brother and sister.Images of them were 　19　 in my mind， so I let the darkness sweep over me completely so I could see them vividly one last time.I regained a bit of my 　20　 after lying on the ground for some time.My eyes viewed different things， but I walked on mindlessly， with no 　21　 to anything around me at all. 　　Years have passed since the disaster that 　22　 me years ago.I never thought I would be okay again after this 　23　 event. 　　Today I am going on a trip to California to help 　24　 of a recent earthquake.Then， I see her.A young girl is weeping into her arms.I walk toward her.Losing family was 　25　， but because of my life changing experience， I am strong， and I can 　26　 the lives of those who are suffering as I was.When I reach the girl， she stares at me with sad eyes， and I gently stick out my hand for her to hold to.One day， she may 　27　 others the way I did for her.She holds my hand tightly， and together， we look for a brighter future where we can help those around us and 　28　 the world starting with one disaster at a time. 14.（　）A.silence　　　　B.power　　　　　C.emergency　　　D.extinction 15.（　）A.under pressure B.in ruins C.on hand D.in shock 16.（　）A.promote B.supply C.contain D.measure 17.（　）A.extremely B.obviously C.actually D.simply 18.（　）A.adapted to B.thought of C.concentrated on D.worked out 19.（　）A.carved B.buried C.designed D.observed 20.（　）A.balance B.memory C.strength D.impression 21.（　）A.request B.comparison C.path D.reaction 22.（　）A.struck B.identified C.threatened D.reminded 23.（　）A.amazing B.frightening C.exciting D.challenging 24.（　）A.professionals B.volunteers C.survivors D.experts 25.（　）A.painful B.unusual C.awkward D.unique 26.（　）A.appreciate B.possess C.exchange D.improve 27.（　）A.affect B.recognize C.recommend D.contact 28.（　）A.establish B.change C.remove D.revise Ⅳ.语法填空 　　（2025·江苏连云港赣榆一中质检）Floods are common and 29.　　　　　　 （frequent） destructive natural events that annually affect around 250 million people worldwide.Though the causes of floods — usually heavy rainfall or melting snow — are 30.　　　　　　 （avoidable）， knowledge of the correct procedures before， during and after a flood can make a difference. 　　Before a flood occurs， we must work 31.　　　　　　 （reduce） the risk to people and their valuables.Firstly， you should prepare disaster supplies 32.　　　　　　 melded a light source， sleeping bags， warm clothes， and most importantly， at least three days of food and drinking water.Secondly， you should bring the most important objects to the 33.　　　　　　 （up） levels of your house. 　　During a flood， it’s important to leave 34.　　　　　　 you are immediately.The longer you stay， the more danger you’ll be in.Be sure to move to higher ground.If you’re already inside a building， move to the upper floor.Don’t walk 35.　　　　　　 drive through the moving floodwater， since as little as 15 centimetres of moving water is enough to knock an adult down， and 60 centimetres can wash most cars away. 　　36.　　　　　　 a flood， listen for official news reports to find out when it’s safe to return to your home.As you return home， watch out for possible 37.　　　　　　 （danger）.The flood may have damaged roads and power lines.Keep away from the floodwater， because it may 38.　　　　　　 （pollute） and unsafe to touch. 6 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage 基础知识自测 维度一 1.to　2.was shocked　3.with　4.to walk　5.to be told 6.to tell　7.leaving　8.to solve　9.to be discussed 10.to share 维度二 1.candidate to take on this important position 2.enough to work out the question 3.so kind as to offer his seat to me 4.only to be informed 5.The sports meeting to be held next week 6.preventing another big fire 维度三 1.old enough to find　2.an interview to attend 3.only to be told　4.the first one to come 5.a way to solve the problem　6.to work in the company 素养能力提升 Ⅰ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了老鼠在救援中的重要作用。 1.B　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，在救援工作中，老鼠相对于狗的优势是它们体型小。 2.C　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，老鼠携带背包的目的是与幸存者进行有效的联系。 3.C　段落大意题。根据第四段可知，该段主要讲述了训练老鼠进行救援工作的过程。 4.A　观点态度题。根据最后一段最后两句可推断，作者对老鼠在救援工作中的作用持积极态度。 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。席卷澳大利亚的大火给当地造成了巨大的损失，文章报道了其带来的后续结果和政府采取的应对措施。 5.B　词义猜测题。根据画线部分所在句中的The early and damaging start to ... for the country’s wildlife可知，fed by后给出的是干旱和高温干燥的气候两个因素。由此推断，它们都会助长火势，画线短语与B项意义一致。 6.C　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，在如此极端的条件下，大火已经产生了足够的热量来形成自己的天气系统，也就是说，大火产生的热量催生了一些极端天气。 7.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句可知，受到大火威胁，悉尼郊区的人们已经被迫撤离了，C项中的move out与文中的escape对应。 8.A　标题归纳题。通读文章内容可知，文章主要是围绕造成巨大破坏的澳大利亚大火进行讲述的。 Ⅱ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何做好自然灾害防范给出了三点建议。 9.E　空处与空后句之间是因果关系，E项中的partly responsible与空后的what we are doing wrong呼应，指出人类对灾难的发生应负有部分责任。 10.B　上文指出人类无法阻止自然灾害的发生，下文则介绍了三种自然灾害发生前应该做的准备。B项指出人们面对灾害应保持的态度，准备好应对灾难。 11.G　根据本段主题句可知，本段建议你要对自己所住的地方有所了解。G项（问一问父母和朋友是否经历过灾难）就是一种了解你所住地方的历史的方法。下文中的it指代G项中的a disaster。 12.C　本段建议你了解更多有关灾难和灾难预防的信息，并将其分享。C项中的School activities与上文Newspapers，radio and television都是获得这些信息的渠道。 13.D　本段建议家庭提前做好应急准备。D项中的spot safe places和下文have an emergency plan以及put together an emergency kit都属于应急准备事项。 Ⅲ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者经历了一次灾难性的地震后，人生发生了改变：以志愿者的身份去帮助像他一样的人。 14.A　上文描述了地震特别强烈时作者的感受，而句尾的destruction则提示此处讲述地震过后的感受；再结合常识可知，该句讲述的是大地震过后的安静，与上文的强烈震动形成对比。 15.B　空后提及了房屋残骸，说明房屋和物品成为废墟。 16.C　空后提及作者以前总是和弟弟妹妹在房子里玩耍，因此，这所房子承载了以往所有的欢乐时光。 17.D　分析语境可知，这里的副词起到强调作用，强调曾经充满欢乐的房子地震过后就只是一片废墟。simply意为“简单地，仅仅”，符合语境。 18.B　根据空后的all the times可推知，作者想起以往和弟弟妹妹一起玩耍的时光。 19.A　根据上句可知，作者面对废墟时能够想起以往的欢乐时光，弟弟妹妹的形象深深地刻在脑海里。 20.C　根据空后的after lying on the ground for some time可知，作者在地上休息了一会儿，恢复了一点力气。 21.D　根据空前的I walked on mindlessly可知，经历过大地震，失去了一切之后，作者此时漫无目的，什么东西都不能引起他的反应。 22.A　分析句子结构可知，that 　22　 me years ago为定语从句，修饰先行词the disaster，关系代词that指代the disaster，在从句中作主语，其对应的动词应为struck，用在句中意为“发生在我身上”。 23.B　根据语境可知，作者从没想过在经历了这件可怕的事情之后，还会好起来。此处与第一段中的the deadly相呼应。 24.C　根据下文When I reach the girl ...to hold to.可知，这个女孩应是地震幸存者。由此推断，作者作为过来人去帮助这里的地震幸存者。 25.A　根据语境并结合常识可知，失去家人是痛苦的，但因为作者改变了人生的经历，变得坚强，可以改善那些遭受痛苦的人的生活。 26.D　此处与文章末句中的where we can help those around us，尤其是help相呼应，应用improve，在句中表示作者希望用自己的力量帮助改善和他拥有相同经历的人的生活。 27.A　根据空后的the way I did for her可推知，作者认为这个女孩或许以后也会像作者一样，用过来人的身份做志愿者，去帮助和影响其他人。 28.B　根据本段首句可推知，作者希望在将来“我们”能够同样在灾难发生后，去帮助受难者，改变灾难后的世界。 Ⅳ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。洪水是一种常见且具有破坏性的自然事件，本文介绍了洪水到来时的几个注意事项。 29.frequently　考查副词。空处在句子中作状语，修饰形容词destructive，应用副词frequently。 30.unavoidable　考查形容词。上文说的是洪水发生的原因不可避免，空处应用avoidable的反义词，需在avoidable前面加上前缀un-表示相反的含义。 31.to reduce　考查非谓语动词。空处在句中作状语表示目的，应用动词不定式to reduce。 32.which/that　考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句，关系词指代先行词disaster supplies并在从句中作主语，先行词指物，应用关系代词that或which。 33.upper　考查形容词比较级。此处建议将家里最贵重的物品放在比原来的位置高一点的位置，应用形容词的比较级upper。 34.where　考查名词性从句。空处引导宾语从句作leave的宾语，表示“你所在的地方”，应用连接副词where，在从句中作表语。 35.or　考查连词。根据上文Don’t walk以及下文drive可知，上下文为选择关系，应用表示选择关系的连词or。 36.After　考查介词。下文find out when it’s safe to return to your home谈到可以安全回家，说明洪水已经过去了，空处应用表示“在……之后”的介词after；位于句首，首字母大写。 37.dangers/danger　考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句子中作宾语，使用名词danger，表示“危险”，既可以表示抽象名词，为不可数名词，也可以作可数名词，应用复数形式表示泛指。 38.be polluted　考查情态动词和语态。空处在从句中作谓语，且从句主语it与动词pollute之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，因前面已经有情态动词may，故空处应填结构为“be＋过去分词”。故填be polluted。 6 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $