单元质量检测（六）Space and beyond(学用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版）
|
2份
|
20页
|
16人阅读
|
0人下载
内容正文：
单元质量检测（六） Space and beyond
（满分150分，时间120分钟）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What does the woman want？（ ）
A.A coffee. B.A salad. C.A pie.
2.Who will go to China next month？（ ）
A.Linda. B.Alice. C.Amy.
3.What will the man do at first？（ ）
A.Mail a letter. B.Meet his tutor. C.Do research.
4.Why does the man talk with the woman？（ ）
A.To plan a holiday. B.To book a hotel. C.To make a complaint.
5.What does the man think of his job？（ ）
A.Disappointing. B.Pretty good. C.Satisfying.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What does the woman plan to do this weekend？（ ）
A.Go climbing. B.Go shopping. C.Go swimming.
7.Who will move on Saturday？（ ）
A.The man. B.The man’s sister. C.The woman’s sister.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.How much is the rent for the house？（ ）
A.$200 a week. B.$200 a month. C.$400 a month.
9.What does the man say about the house？（ ）
A.It’s large. B.It’s convenient. C.It’s expensive.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.What is the woman？（ ）
A.A teacher. B.A nurse. C.A worker.
11.What was the man doing when the woman called？（ ）
A.Talking to his son.
B.Being in a meeting.
C.Talking with his colleague.
12.What do we know about Tommy？（ ）
A.He was always feeling sleepy.
B.He kept talking aloud through the class.
C.He was sorry for using a phone in class.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.What is probably the man？（ ）
A.A chemist. B.A dentist. C.A patient.
14.When does the woman have an appointment with Dr Williams？（ ）
A.This morning. B.At five o’clock. C.Next week.
15.What does the man suggest the woman do？（ ）
A.Wait for Dr Williams. B.Be cautious about her diet. C.Go to the dentist directly.
16.What will the man do to help the woman？（ ）
A.Give her what she wants. B.Ring Dr Williams for her. C.Make an appointment for her.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.Why does the speaker come to the town？（ ）
A.To attend a meeting. B.To go on a holiday. C.To visit his old roommate.
18.Who is Ellie？（ ）
A.Tim’s wife. B.David’s wife. C.Tim’s daughter.
19.Where did David and the speaker go in 1994？（ ）
A.Columbus. B.Austria. C.Italy.
20.What is the speaker doing？（ ）
A.Giving parting advice. B.Leaving a voicemail message. C.Writing a greeting letter.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
（2025·云南昆明高二下期末）
Four Interesting Science Museums
Polytechnic Museum， Russia
For many guests of the capital， some of the most vivid childhood memories are associated with this museum.A variety of technical fields are presented in 65 halls — Mining， Space， Energy， and Transportation， etc.And the exposition （博览会） is the only museum project in Russia about the history of the bike.The interactive division “Technoplay” is open， where you not only can but also need to touch most of the exhibits with your hands.In addition to self-experimentation， for personal requests the museum’s experts will show many entertaining experiments.
Eureka， England
The Eureka educational center is a huge complex where modern science and technology are becoming clear， even to kids.The main exhibition is devoted to the human body， the laws of physics and natural things.Visitors can obtain energy or create paper with their own hands.In the area of the Eureka educational park there is a botanical garden and a collection of minerals from the rock types of Finland is presented there.
Deutsches Museum， Germany
In this museum you can see more than 100 thousand different items from windmills （风车） to medical equipment.All aspects of industrial production appear before the eyes.Several museum rooms are arranged especially for children — there are exhibits that entertain kids starting from three.
NEMO， the Netherlands
The largest Dutch research centre stands ready to share its secrets with everyone.This immersion （沉浸） in the world of science and technology will not be dull.All significant information is presented in the form of exciting games.All exhibits are interactive； visitors are allowed to touch， pull and press on anything.The museum is for children from 6 to 16， as well as for their parents — it will be interesting to all.
21.What is special about the Polytechnic Museum in Russia？（ ）
A.It exhibits the history of the bike.
B.It has the most interactive exhibits in Russia.
C.It provides personal experiments by experts for free.
D.It presents a wide range of exhibits about the human body.
22.Which museum has rooms specially arranged for kids？（ ）
A.Polytechnic Museum， Russia. B.Eureka， England.
C.Deutsches Museum， Germany. D.NEMO， the Netherlands.
23.What do the NEMO Museum and the Polytechnic Museum have in common？（ ）
A.They both present information in the form of games.
B.They both allow visitors to touch the exhibits.
C.They are both for children from 6 to 16.
D.They both have a botanical garden.
B
（2025·广东深圳高二下期末） One summer night， a boy felt himself lifted from bed by his father.Sleepy with his eyes half closed， he saw stars flashing across the heavens.“What is it？” the child whispered.“Shooting stars.They come every year in August.” Decades have passed， but I still remember that night， because I was the fortunate boy whose father believed a new experience was more important than an unbroken night’s sleep.
Some parents， like my father， have the gift of opening doors for their children， of leading them into splendid newness.This art of adding dimensions to a child doesn’t necessarily require a great deal of time.It simply involves doing things with our children instead of for them or to them.At a Golf Association tournament， a ten-year-old girl played exceptionally well.“How long have you been interested in golf？” someone asked.“I got it for my ninth birthday，” she said.“You mean your father gave you a set of clubs？” “No，” she said， “he gave me golf.”
I have a friend， a psychiatrist， who says there are two types of people： those who think of life as a privilege and those who think of it as a problem.The first type is enthusiastic and energetic.The other type is suspicious and self-centered.And he adds， “Tell me about your childhood and I can tell you which type you are likely to be.”
The real purpose， then， of trying to open doors for children is not to divert them or amuse ourselves； it is to build eager and outgoing attitudes towards the demanding and complicated business of living.This， surely， is the most valuable legacy we can pass on to the next generation： not money， not houses， but a capacity for wonder and gratitude， a sense of aliveness and joy.And for those of us who care what becomes of our children， the challenge is always there.None of us meets it fully， but the opportunities come again and again.Many years have passed since that night.And next year， when August comes with its shooting stars， my son will be seven.
24.How does the author find his experience of watching the shooting stars？（ ）
A.Exciting. B.Rewarding.
C.Encouraging. D.Satisfying.
25.What do the words the girl said in paragraph 2 suggest？（ ）
A.Children should develop a hobby from an early age.
B.A set of clubs are not as important as skills in golfing.
C.Parents’ presence is the key to children’s exploration.
D.No success can be achieved without one’s passion.
26.What will the author’s psychiatrist friend agree with？（ ）
A.Stability in upbringing builds confidence.
B.Parenting styles require professional guidance.
C.Childhood experience determines adult happiness.
D.One’s personality is related to childhood experiences.
27.What is the author’s purpose in writing the last paragraph？（ ）
A.To express his wish to watch the shooting stars.
B.To stress the importance of father-son relations.
C.To encourage parents to enrich their kids’ inner life.
D.To present the challenges of parenting children.
C
（2025·皖豫名校联盟高二下期末）A new study suggests an asteroid strike （小行星撞击） on the moon billions of years ago， left two huge valleys about the size of Earth’s Grand Valley.Researchers from the United States and Britain said their research shows the two deep valleys formed apace — the whole process finished within less than 10 minutes.They noted the crash happened near the south pole on the far side of the moon.That is the side of the moon which always faces away from Earth.
The speed of the incoming object was thought to be around 55，000 kilometers per hour.The crash likely took place about 3.8 billion years ago.
The group’s research suggested the asteroid passed over the south pole before hitting.It then created a huge plain area and sent rocky materials at speeds of up to 1 kilometer per second.The researchers said material was sent flying and struck the moon’s surface like missiles （导弹）， resulting in the creation of the valleys.The valleys appear comparable in size to the Grand Valley， in the US state of Arizona.
It is thought that the asteroid was 25 kilometers across.The researchers guessed that the energy needed to create the two valleys would have been more than 130 times greater than the power of all the world’s current nuclear weapons.
As broken pieces from the crash were thrown out from the moon’s south pole， ancient rocks in the polar area would be at or close to the surface.This makes it easier for astronauts to collect them.The researchers said those rocks can help scientists get a better understanding of the moon’s history.
The researchers noted it is not yet clear whether the two huge valleys are always shadowed like some of the valleys at the moon’s south pole.That is something that researchers are clearly going to reexamine.
28.What does the underlined word “apace” in paragraph 1 mean？（ ）
A.Strangely. B.Perfectly.
C.Recently. D.Quickly.
29.What is paragraph 3 mainly about？（ ）
A.The size of the asteroid that hit the moon.
B.The process of how the valleys on the moon were formed.
C.The speed of the incoming object that crashed on the moon.
D.The comparison between the moon’s valleys and other valleys.
30.Why are nuclear weapons mentioned？（ ）
A.To explain how they work.
B.To show how dangerous asteroid strikes can be.
C.To warn that they should be managed properly.
D.To suggest that asteroids could be used as weapons in space.
31.What role do the ancient rocks in the polar area of the moon play？（ ）
A.They prove there are huge valleys on the moon.
B.They tell the location of the asteroid strike on the moon.
C.They stress the influence of the asteroid strike on the moon.
D.They enable researchers to learn more about the moon.
D
（2025·河北衡水高二下期末） NASA’s InSight lander may be relaxing in retirement on Mars， but the robot continues to provide the space agency with precious information.
The lander in 2018 began its Mars mission： Gather data about the planet’s structure， its marsquake activity and frequency of meteorites.During the mission， more and more dust gathered on its solar panels that provide electricity， and the robot ran out of power in December 2022 after sending a final image.It was declared “dead” in news reports.
Recently， the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter checked on its retired colleague and sent back an image of the InSight lander on the planet’s surface.Even though the lander can’t send images， its mere existence on the red planet continues to provide precious information.“By studying InSight’s landing site over time， scientists can see how quickly dust gathers， which helps learn the age of other surface landers，” NASA said in a post online.
After launching in 2018， InSight traveled about 300 million miles over 6.5 months to Mars from Earth.It observed meteorite strikes and more than 1，300 marsquakes during its mission.Just before the robot that outlasted its original mission by two Earth years ran out of power， NASA posted a goodbye note from InSight on social media： “My power’s really low， so this may be the last image I can send.My time here has been both productive and peaceful.If I can keep talking to my mission team， I will — but I’ll be signing off here soon.Thanks for staying with me.”
“The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter’s photos of InSight on Mars help ensure its colleague’s contributions continue.InSight has more than lived up to its name，” said NASA.“Yes， it’s sad to say goodbye， but InSight’s legacy will live on， informing and inspiring.”
32.What was a main problem with the lander during its mission？（ ）
A.The supply of electricity. B.The speed of sending images.
C.The aging of solar panels. D.The threat of meteorites and quakes.
33.Why do scientists observe the speed of the lander’s dust gathering？（ ）
A.To find a good way to get rid of dust. B.To explain the cause of dust gathering.
C.To know other landers’ working years. D.To predict other landers’ working efficiency.
34.What can we infer from paragraph 4？（ ）
A.NASA will add more missions to the lander.
B.The lander has accomplished all its missions.
C.NASA has prepared a new lander for the mission.
D.Scientists can’t do much about the lander’s power.
35.What is the best title for the text？（ ）
A.The “Dead” Lander： A Pioneer of Exploring Mars
B.The “Dead” Lander： A Collector of Mars’ Knowledge
C.The “Dead” Lander： A Provider of Valuable Information
D.The “Dead” Lander： A Trouble Maker of Mars’ Mission
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2025·贵州毕节高二下期末） Some people say “We shouldn’t waste money on space exploration when there are so many problems to deal with here on Earth.” This can be a difficult topic to find your way around， so we’ve outlined a few ideas here that you can share when supporting space exploration.
Space spending pays off.
Money spent on NASA positively impacts the US economy.36.（ ） And it creates business opportunities that feed back into the economy.This in turn grows the pool of public money that can be spent on solving the world’s most pressing problems.
37.（ ）
Studying how we might grow food in orbit or on Mars provides new ideas for growing food in extreme conditions on Earth.Medical research conducted on the International Space Station helps us understand the human body in new ways.38.（ ）
Space is inspiring.
Not every child who dreams of becoming an astronaut will get that opportunity.39.（ ） But to be inspired to aim for something so amazing gives kids the motivation to study hard in science， engineering， or other fields.40.（ ）When we are amazed at the beauty of Jupiter’s clouds or the mystery of Enceladus’ oceans， we get an opportunity to appreciate the wonder of this planet that we live on.
A.And inspiration isn’t just for kids.
B.Spending on space supports highly skilled jobs.
C.Space research directly impacts earthly problems.
D.Space research isn’t as expensive as people think.
E.And it helps save lives and improve quality of life.
F.This is a sad truth that many of us know from experience.
G.But to deal with those problems doesn’t mean we have to stop looking up.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2025·四川雅安高二下期末） As an aerospace engineer， TV host， and author， Emily Calandrelli is devoted to inspiring and educating young people about the wonders of space.Now she is 41 for a major mission： a journey aboard an upcoming Blue Origin space flight.
At 37 years old， Calandrelli is set to make a 42 as the first woman from West Virginia to travel to space.Growing up， she never 43 this would happen.Her family didn’t have much money， so she 44 to study engineering because she wanted a practical career with 45 stability.“While I wasn’t always the 46 kid in the room， I was usually the hardest one，” she recalled.
Calandrelli 47 a bachelor’s degree in mechanical and aerospace engineering at West Virginia University before 48 her studies at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.Her career took a creative 49 when she became the host of the show Xploration Outer Space.She has also 50 nine books， including The Complete Ada Lace Adventures.One of her goals is for kids to 51 themselves working in science fields.
The Blue Origin flight， which does not yet have a 52 date， will send Calandrelli and five others into space for 12 minutes.She is excited to 53 Earth from beyond its atmosphere.Fewer than 100 women have been to space， and she is 54 to become one of them.“I feel a sense of 55 and joy to be part of that，” she said.
41.A.qualifying B.applying
C.preparing D.paying
42.A.history B.sacrifice
C.decision D.promise
43.A.doubted B.imagined
C.realised D.wondered
44.A.intended B.volunteered
C.hesitated D.managed
45.A.global B.mental
C.social D.financial
46.A.richest B.smartest
C.oldest D.nicest
47.A.favored B.missed
C.lost D.earned
48.A.repeating B.considering
C.advancing D.offering
49.A.share B.turn
C.chance D.lead
50.A.donated B.advertised
C.read D.authored
51.A.see B.keep
C.make D.catch
52.A.return B.review
C.launch D.service
53.A.appreciate B.recognize
C.process D.preserve
54.A.promised B.motivated
C.inspired D.honored
55.A.humour B.pride
C.adventure D.purpose
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2025·陕西咸阳高二下期末） Scientists believe there could be life on the planet Venus， or at least in the clouds above it.They have discovered a mysterious gas there， but they have not been able to provide an 56. （explain） for it.This gas， 57. is commonly found where there is life， can also 58. （produce） in factories.However， there are no factories on Venus.So why is this gas there， 50 kilometers up from the planet’s surface？
Professor Jane Greaves from Cardiff University， UK， together with other scientists， 59. （try） to solve this mystery at present.They have published a paper 60. （outline） their findings and done some work 61. （determine） the gas doesn’t originate from life.Despite their efforts， they have not reached a conclusion.
No one has yet been able to say how the gas can be there without living things to create it.“I have devoted my entire career 62. searching for extraterrestrial （地球外的） life，” said Professor Greaves， “so 63. idea that we might have found a sign of life on Venus is exciting.But we are encouraging others to contribute their ideas and help us identify 64. we may have missed.”
The scientists are also investigating the possibility that the gas could be a byproduct of geological processes， but 65. （far） research is needed to confirm this.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
（2025·云南曲靖高二下期末） 假定你是校学生会主席李华，为响应国家提出的“航天强国”的号召，学生会计划举行一场以太空探索为主题的演讲比赛。请你写一则通知，内容包括：
（1）演讲的内容、要求；（2）其他要求。
注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；（2）请按如下格式作答。
参考词汇：航天aerospace
Notice
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
（2025·河南驻马店高二下期末） A young girl named Nova had always been fascinated by space travel and dreamed of exploring the stars one day.She spent hours reading books about the planets and galaxies and her room was filled with star charts in models of spacecraft.Nova also loved to repair machines.Always curious about how things worked， she would take apart gadgets （小器具） and put them back together.She even built her own telescope to look up at the night sky.Her parents encouraged her curiosity， gifting her a comprehensive engineering kit on her 10th birthday.Nova spent countless hours mastering the kit， learning everything from basic circuitry （电路） to complex mechanical systems.
One day， she signed up for the “Little Astronaut Simulation （模拟） Competition”.The selection process was strict， but Nova’s professional skills in mechanics helped her a lot.What’s more， during her training， Nova learned more complex skills.Fortunately， Nova succeeded.She was selected to join a team of simulation astronauts on a mission to explore a distant planet.Nova was excited and she brought along her toolkit just in case and hoped that her skills could contribute to the mission.
As the spaceship flew through the galaxy， Nova admired breathtaking views of stars and planets.She felt weightless and free， like she was flying through the universe.The crew members bonded over shared stories in the dreams， each bringing a unique skill set to the team.Nova quickly became the go-to person for any technical issues.She believed that her toolkit and knowledge would provide invaluable service during the journey.
Later， the team encountered a problem.The simulation spaceship’s engine malfunctioned and they became trapped in space.They were running out of oxygen and supplies， and the nearest planet was light years away.Many of them were scared and unsure of what to do.
注意：（1）续写词数应为150个左右；
（2）请按如下格式作答。
But Nova refused to be afraid.
Finally， they landed back on the Earth.
10 / 11
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
$
单元质量检测（六） Space and beyond
第一部分
1－5 BABCA 6－10 ABACA
11－15 BBACB 16－20 BAACB
听力原文：
（Text 1）
M：What do you want， Arlene？
W：Just a vegetable salad.How about you？
M：I would like a cup of coffee and an apple pie.
（Text 2）
M：Linda is going back to China next month， Alice.
W：Oh， really.
M：And she will not take Amy this time.
（Text 3）
W：Would you mail a letter for me？ I am quite busy with my research at present.
M：Oh，I’m sorry.I’m afraid I can’t do it now.I have to meet my tutor in a few seconds.But I could mail it after that.
W：That’s fine.
（Text 4）
M：Well， my wife and I just arrived back from one of our holidays in Santa Margarita and ...
W：Oh， yes？ Lovely place.Did you enjoy yourselves？
M：Not exactly.The thing is， we were expecting to stay in a quiet area， but the hotel was in the center of the town and it was noisy.
（Text 5）
W：How do you like your new job？
M：Actually， I’m thinking about changing my job.
W：Why？ You did pretty good.
M：But I’m not very satisfied with my salary.
（Text 6）
W：Hi， John.I’m glad I ran into you.
M：Hi.I’m glad， too.
W：Would you like to go climbing this weekend？
M：I’m not sure.I promised to help my sister move on Saturday.
W：How about Sunday， then？ We could start early in the morning.
M：I might be available that day.Let me check and I’ll call you tonight.
（Text 7）
W：This is the house I want to rent.How do you like it？
M：Well， it looks cozy and fashionable.
W：Most importantly， the electricity is free of charge.And it lies in the center of the city and the transportation is convenient.
M：How much is the rent？
W：200 dollars per week.
M：In my opinion， the rent is much higher than that in other areas.Meanwhile， it would cost you a lot to live here and travel to the university far away.
W：That’s true.OK， I will think about it.
（Text 8）
W：Hello， Rose speaking.
M：Hello， Miss Rose.I believe that you called me just now.I’m sorry I missed that， for I’ve just finished the work conference.
W：Oh， yes.It doesn’t matter.Thanks for calling me back so soon.I was calling about your son Tommy.
M：Did he do something wrong at school？
W：He kept talking loudly all through the class， even though I asked him not to.What’s more， he was even found playing with his phone in class.
M：I apologise.What should I do？
W：I need you to talk to him， if you don’t mind.If he could stop that， I would greatly appreciate it.
M：OK.I’ll make sure he doesn’t do that again.
（Text 9）
W：Could you give me something for the pain？ I didn’t get to sleep until three o’clock this morning.
M：Aspirin is the strongest medicine I can give you without a prescription.
W：That isn’t strong enough， and I don’t have an appointment with my dentist until next week.
M：Who is your dentist？
W：Dr Williams.
M：Doesn’t he have his office on the corner？
W：Yes， he does.
M：Are you a regular patient？
W：Yes.
M：Oh.Then I can call him if you like.Dr Williams will give me a pain prescription over the phone.
W：I’d appreciate that very much.Do you think that he’ll still be in his office？
M：Sure.It’s only four-thirty.He should be there until five.
W：Good.
M：Too bad you can’t get an appointment sooner.
W：I know.Dr Williams is always booked up though.
M：In the meantime， be careful not to eat or drink anything too hot or too cold.
W：I really don’t feel like eating or drinking anything at all.
M：Well， I’ll give Dr Williams a call and we’ll see what we can do for you.
（Text 10）
M：David， this is Tim， your old college roommate.I’m in town for a meeting.I would have called before I came， but the meeting was supposed to last all day， and I didn’t think I’d have time to talk to you.It turned out that the meeting ended earlier.I was hoping we could get together for a while， but my plane back to Columbus is leaving earlier than scheduled due to the weather.We are all fine.Ellie likes her new job.Our kids are doing well in school.We are going to Italy on holiday this year.I’m looking forward to going back there again.Remember what a great time we had when you and I went there in 1994？ I hope I can find that great restaurant up in the hills.Remember it？ Anyway， we are excited about the trip.I hope you and Catherine are OK.Well， I don’t know what else to say on the machine， so I guess I’ll hang up now.I miss you.Give my best wishes to Catherine.Take care.Bye！
第二部分
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个有趣的科学博物馆。
21.A 细节理解题。根据Polytechnic Museum， Russia部分可知，俄罗斯的Polytechnic博物馆展示自行车的历史。
22.C 细节理解题。根据Deutsches Museum， Germany部分可知，德国的Deutsches博物馆有专门为孩子们安排的房间。
23.B 细节理解题。根据Polytechnic Museum， Russia部分及NEMO， the Netherlands部分可知，Polytechnic博物馆和NEMO博物馆都允许游客触摸展品。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了父母应如何为孩子打开新世界，影响孩子对生活的态度。
24.B 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可推知，作者觉得看流星雨的经历是有收获的。
25.C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的At a Golf Association tournament ... “he gave me golf.”可推知，这表明父亲的参与和引导才是女孩对高尔夫兴趣的关键。
26.D 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可推知，作者的精神病学家朋友会同意一个人的个性与童年经历有关。
27.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段可推知，作者写最后一段的目的是鼓励父母丰富孩子的内心世界。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一项新研究表明，约38亿年前小行星撞击月球南极附近，快速形成两个巨型山谷，其研究意义重大。
28.D 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的finished within less than 10 minutes可知，整个过程在10分钟内完成，说明其速度之快。由此可推知，画线词意为“快速地”。
29.B 段落大意题。根据第三段可知，该段主要讲述了月球上的山谷形成的过程。
30.B 推理判断题。根据第四段中的The researchers guessed that ...current nuclear weapons.可知，通过将形成山谷所需的能量与核武器威力作比较，说明小行星撞击的威力巨大，也就是展示了小行星撞击可能是多么危险。
31.D 细节理解题。根据第五段可知，月球极地地区的古老岩石能让研究人员更多地了解月球。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了InSight着陆器虽然耗尽电力被宣布“死亡”，但仍然为NASA提供了宝贵的信息。
32.A 细节理解题。根据第二段后两句可知，着陆器在执行任务期间的主要问题是电力供应。
33.C 细节理解题。根据第三段末句可知，科学家观察着陆器尘埃聚集的速度是为了了解其他着陆器的工作年限。
34.D 推理判断题。根据第四段第三句可知，科学家对着陆器的能量无能为力。
35.C 标题归纳题。通读全文，结合第一段可知，本文主要说明了InSight着陆器虽然耗尽电力被宣布“死亡”，但仍然为NASA提供宝贵的信息。因此，C项（“死亡的”着陆器：有价值信息的提供者）最适合作本文最佳标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了支持太空探索的几个理由。
36.B 根据上文Money spent on NASA positively impacts the US economy.以及下文可知，空处承接上文，具体说明NASA的开支如何影响经济。B项（太空投资支持高技能工作）符合语境。
37.C 根据下文可知，本段主要讲太空研究能够帮助解决地球上的问题。C项（太空研究直接影响了地球上的问题）符合语境。
38.E 根据上文可知，太空医学研究帮助理解人体。E项（太空研究有助于拯救生命和提高生活质量）承接上文，符合语境。
39.F 根据上文可知，并非所有孩子都能成为宇航员。F项（这是一个可悲的事实，我们许多人都是从经验中知道的）承接上文，并与下文构成转折关系。
40.A 根据上下文可知，太空探索不仅能激励孩子去学习科学，成年人也被宇宙之美所震撼。A项（鼓舞不只是给孩子的）承上启下，符合语境。
第三部分
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Emily Calandrelli是一位航天航空工程师，电视主持人和作家，她激发了年轻人对于太空的好奇心，现在，她即将进行蓝色起源太空飞行，成为西弗吉尼亚州首位进入太空的女性。
41.C 根据下文可知，Calandrelli正在为这一项重大任务做准备。
42.A 根据下文可知，Calandrelli即将创造历史。
43.B 根据下文可知，Calandrelli的家庭不太富裕，所以她从没有想象过这种事情会发生在自己身上。
44.A 根据上文可知，Calandrelli的家庭不太富裕，所以她打算学习工程学，因为能找到更好的工作。
45.D 根据上文可知，Calandrelli找工作要考虑经济稳定性。
46.B 根据下文可知，此处表示Calandrelli说自己并不是最聪明的。
47.D 根据下文可知，此处描述Calandrelli获得的学位。
48.C 根据下文可知，获得学位之后，Calandrelli再次进入麻省理工学院深造。
49.B 根据下文可知，这份职业应该是Calandrelli生涯的创造性的转变。
50.D 根据文章首句中的and author可知，Calandrelli还是一位作家，此处表示她写了九本书。
51.A 根据上下文可知，Calandrelli的目标之一是让孩子们看到自己在科学领域工作。
52.C 根据第一段末句可知，蓝色起源的飞行即将到来，但是还没有确切的发射日期。
53.A 根据下文可知，Calandrelli将要飞上太空，从大气层外欣赏地球。
54.D 根据上文可知，去过太空的女性很少，Calandrelli十分荣幸能成为其中之一。
55.B 根据上文可知，Calandrelli能成为为数不多的飞入太空的女性，感到骄傲和快乐。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们在金星上发现了神秘气体，并对其来源进行了初步推测和研究，但尚未得出结论，鼓励其他科学家贡献想法，帮助确认可能遗漏的信息。
56.explanation 考查词形转换。空处为名词形式作宾语，不定冠词an提示用其单数形式，explain的名形式是explanation。
57.which 考查定语从句。空处为定语从句的关系词；先行词为this gas，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导。
58.be produced 考查谓语动词。空处为谓语动词，情态动词后用动词原形；主语为this gas，和动词produce之间为被动关系。故填be produced。
59.is trying 考查谓语动词。空处为本句谓语动词；根据at present可知，本句时态为现在进行时；主语为Professor Jane Greaves，单数，和动词try之间为主动关系。故填is trying。
60.outlining 考查非谓语动词。空处为非谓语动词作后置定语；被修饰词a paper和动词outline之间为主动关系，用动词-ing形式。
61.to determine 考查非谓语动词。空处为非谓语动词作目的状语，用动词不定式形式。
62.to 考查固定短语。固定短语devote ...to ...意为“投入……做某事”。
63.the 考查冠词。修饰名词idea，特指已经在金星上发现了生命迹象这一想法，用定冠词。
64.what 考查宾语从句。空处为宾语从句的引导词；宾语从句中缺少宾语，指代事情，用what引导。
65.further 考查形容词比较级。空处为形容词比较级形式，意为“进一步的”。
第四部分
第一节
Notice
In response to the advocate of the state that China is going to boost comprehensive national strength through aerospace development， a speech contest themed space exploration is scheduled to be held at 7：00 each evening in our school hall， lasting from Wednesday to Friday.
The content of the speech is supposed to be in regard to the exploration of the universe or the development of aerospace industry of China.Make sure that the speech is limited to 5 minutes.All participants are expected to sign up before this Friday on the school website， after which each candidate will be informed of some details of the competition.
We are looking forward to your participation.
第二节
But Nova refused to be afraid. Fetching her carry-on toolkit quickly and calmly， she began checking the problem with the engine firstly.So focused and brave was Nova that her spirit of courage inspired other astronauts， who set their fear aside， all working together with Nova tirelessly.After what seemed a century， Nova was the first to identify the problem with her rich knowledge.Then， they discussed the solution together， applying what they had learned to the challenging task.Thanks to Nova’s professional skills in mechanics， they made it eventually.As the spaceship roared back to life， they all cheered with joy.
Finally， they landed back on the Earth.Undoubtedly， the entire group was the winner in the competition.Besides， it was Nova who received special recognition for her great contributions.Her ability to remain calm under huge pressure and her impressive repair skills had successfully turned a dangerous situation into a successful mission.She had proved that anything was possible with hard work and determination.Feeling a sense of pride and accomplishment， Nova dreamed of being a true space explorer to make more contributions in the near future.Actually， she had taken a huge step towards her big dream.
10 / 11
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
$
资源预览图
