UNIT 1 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas(课时跟踪检测)(学用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版）

Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas 维度一：品句填词 1.The experiences he had during his 　　　　　　（少年时代） shaped his character and values in profound ways. 2.When making a comment on an event， we should not ignore its 　　　　　　（历史的） background. 3.In Spain， 　　　　　　（斗牛） is a very popular form of entertainment. 4.The company provides comprehensive training for its 　　　　　　（实习生）， ensuring they are well-prepared for the workforce. 5.He has been working as a foreign 　　　　　　（通讯员） for many years， covering stories all over the world. 6.A d　　　　　　 is a person whose job is to discover what has happened in a crime and catch criminals. 7.She took a few steps b　　　　　　 to get a better view of the painting. 维度二：词形转换 1.He was too 　　　　　　（ambition） to stay in his hometown to be a clerk in a big company. 2.With the majority of people opposed to the proposal， the government had to postpone it 　　　　　　（ultimate）. 3.The law firm hired three promising 　　　　　（train） fresh out of law school. 4.The new sofa is so large and soft that you can sit on it 　　　　　　（comfortable） for hours. 5.My grandfather lives in an old house full of 　　　　　　（history） charm. 维度三：固定搭配和句式 1.Although he had failed three times， he didn’t lose heart 　　　　　　　　　　　　（面对） difficulties. 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （相比之下）， American English differs from British English in many small ways. 3.The book 　　　　　　　　（结果是） to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years. 4.He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（致力于） doing something he likes. 5.But why not wait around for the government to 　　　　　　　　（采取行动）？ 6.　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （一看到她妈妈）， the little girl dropped her toy and rushed to her. 7.When Snow White woke up， she 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（发现自己躺在一所小房子里）， surrounded by seven dwarfs. 8.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （无论你喜欢什么）， there is an incredible theme park that will appeal to you. 维度四：一词多义/熟词生义 快速阅读下列句子并选出句中加黑词汇对应的意思 1.issue A.n.问题　　B.n.一期　　C.v.发行，出版 ①The publishing house plans to issue a new book by the author next month. 　　　　　 ②There are several environmental issues that need to be addressed globally. 　　　　　 ③I subscribed to the magazine and received the latest issue yesterday. 　　　　　 快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思 2.All the people in this country long for freedom and equality. 　　　　　 3.The experience shaped him into a stronger person. 　　　　　 4.We need to approach this problem from a different angle. 　　　　　 5.The new product is better than the old one in several respects. 　　　　　 阅读理解 A 　　（2025·湖南湘西高二下期末） Juleus Ghunta is a published children’s author and award-winning poet.But growing up， he could barely read.Ghunta’s family lived in a rural part of Western Jamaica.His mother often had to make tough choices about how to use their limited resources， including a decision to send his oldest sister to school， and to keep Ghunta at home. 　　When Ghunta finally went to school， he couldn’t catch up on his reading skills.Not only had he been kept home from school as a child， but he had not been exposed to books.By the time he entered the sixth grade， he could spell his name， but he still couldn’t make out words， spell， or read with understanding. 　　When Ghunta was about 12， a young teacher decided to start a special reading program for struggling students.Ghunta was the first student to sign up.The teacher was incredibly kind to him.She did not ask anything of Ghunta， except that he worked hard and believed in himself. 　　Under her guidance， Ghunta’s reading skills finally started to improve.He started to feel more confident.“She had left me with the gift of literacy，” he said， “and with the value as a human being.” His life took a new direction.He graduated from elementary school with a number of academic awards， including one for “most improved in reading”.He went on to college.Today， he is the author of two children’s books， about overcoming difficult experiences in childhood.He’s now working on his first full-length collection of poetry. 　　“I would love her to see the significant impact that she has made on my life， and the ways in which I have carried this memory of her — the hope and the light — with me and how it continues to be a source of joy.” 1.What do we know about Ghunta’s family？（　　） A.The family lived a poor life. B.Their house sat in the urban area. C.His mother had no choice of resources. D.The family was supported by his parents. 2.Which word best describes Ghunta before meeting the young teacher？（　　） A.Lazy. B.Impatient. C.Unconfident. D.Careless. 3.What can be inferred about the teacher’s impact on Ghunta’s life beyond literacy？（　　） A.She encouraged him to pursue a career in education. B.She helped him get a sense of self-worth and hope. C.She introduced him to the world of professional writing. D.She provided him with financial support for his education. 4.What can be the best title for the text？（　　） A.Poor Students Finding Help B.A College Shaping Someone C.The Pain Brought by the Poor Life D.Life Led in a New Direction B 　　（2025·河南开封高二下期末） Around seven out of every ten Americans who work in offices do their work in an open environment， defined as at desks without meaningful partitions （隔板）， according to an International Facility Management Association survey.That is， if they even have a desk — workers may be assigned only a few feet of a communal （共用的） table.The open-plan office space trend， popularized by creative agencies and technology start-ups， went mainstream because of the belief that open-space environments support innovation.More nearness between employees， the thinking went， would create more interaction and teamwork， promote social interaction and urge productivity. 　　But in fact， purely open-plan offices have been shown to have the opposite effects， creating so much distraction that employees stayed away from each other.A study funded by Harvard Business School， the results of which were published last year， tracked what happened when a British company moved its employees from traditional office space， with offices with walls， to an open office.Face-to-face interaction became less — employees spent 72 percent less time interacting with their colleagues.Instead of talking more with each other， the employees put on headphones and began communicating by text and email.As digital communication channels surged， productivity declined. 　　Neuroscience also holds some clues as to why the tight quarters in communal work spaces — where workers are only given about half the space they were given a decade ago — are so hard to work in.“The human voice sets off the most powerful emotional response in our auditory （听觉的） experience.Voice above 55 decibels （分贝） — roughly the sound of a loud phone call — causes measurable stress，” according to a Wall Street Journal article， “The Neuroscience-Optimized Office”.“Even more troublesome are overheard ‘halfversations’， in which the listener only knows about one side of a dialogue； our brains automatically imagine the other，” wrote authors John Medina and Ryan Mullenix. 　　But the solution， say experts including Newport， isn’t to go back to putting everyone into offices with walls. 5.What can we learn about the open office trend according to paragraph 1？（　　） A.It allows 10 people at most to work together. B.It is believed to stimulate workers’ creativity. C.It is only popular with new technology companies. D.It is aimed at promoting workers’ social interaction. 6.What does the underlined word “surged” in paragraph 2 probably mean？（　　） A.Suspended timely. B.Became useless. C.Cost less. D.Increased quickly. 7.What makes an open office hard to work in？（　　） A.Hearing endless noisy phone calls. B.Showing real emotions publicly. C.Facing communication barriers at work. D.Hearing part of a dialogue between colleagues. 8.What will probably be discussed in the following paragraph？（　　） A.What are benefits of the open offices with walls. B.Why the open office makes workers distracted. C.How to deal with the disadvantages of the open office. D.How to draw workers’ attention to their colleagues nearby. C 　　（2025·山东德州高二下期末） It’s one of the most common questions adults ask children： what do you want to be when you grow up？ Although childhood is supposed to be fun， kids also discuss important topics regarding their futures.Now， a new study finds that children who set big goals regarding their future status and education often set themselves up for success as they age. 　　The findings， published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology， are the first to reveal a connection between life goal development and future success in school or the workplace.Rodica Damian， an associate professor of psychology at the University of Houston， and other researchers discovered that as children grow up， their goals naturally begin to change.However， as some childhood goals fall away， other goals related to a family stay strong.These include being close to relatives， building more friendships or finding a romantic partner， and even becoming more involved in the community or helping others. 　　During the study， researchers compared how their goals evolved as children moved from adolescence to adulthood and how a person’s goals impacted their success in school and as an employee later on.Overall， a child’s goals focusing on their education and future status were the most consistent predictors of income in adulthood.Simply， when a child dreams big about doing well in school or achieving great success as an adult， these goals accurately paint a picture of how successful these children will be.So， the message is simple： dream big and dream of success， kids！ Those goals can drive you to success when you grow up！ 　　“Our work proves a strong connection between a child’s life goals， educational achievement， and future occupational outcomes.This information is valuable for parents and educators who can use it to encourage children to set ambitious goals.Additionally， it helps develop strategies to support individuals in achieving their goals and reaching their full potential，” Damian concludes. 9.What does the study mainly focus on？（　　） A.Why children change their dreams over time. B.Whether childhood goals relate to future success. C.How childhood education determines future career. D.What impact early experiences have on characters. 10.Which of the following goals remains strong as children grow up？（　　） A.Connecting with others. B.Achieving academic success. C.Hunting for a high-salary job. D.Improving personal social status. 11.What message does the author convey in paragraph 3？（　　） A.Future careers is determined by childhood achievements. B.Childhood ambition is potentially connected with success. C.Setting small goals is more beneficial than dreaming big. D.Adjusting goals can create new opportunities for success. 12.What is the purpose of the last paragraph？（　　） A.To summarize learning strategies. B.To offer suggestions for future studies. C.To stress the significance of the study. D.To point out the limitations of the study. 6 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas 基础知识自测 维度一 1.boyhood　2.historical　3.bullfighting　4.trainees 5.correspondent　6.detective　7.backwards 维度二 1.ambitious　2.ultimately　3.trainees　4.comfortably　5.historical 维度三 1.in the face of　2.By contrast　3.turns out 4.devotes himself to/is devoted to　5.take action 6.On seeing her mother　7.found herself lying in a small house 8.Whatever you like 维度四 1.①C　②A　③B 2.v.渴望　3.v.塑造　4.v.处理　5.n.方面 素养能力提升 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Juleus Ghunta的成长经历，特别是他从几乎无法阅读到成为儿童书籍作者和获奖诗人的转变过程，展现了个人奋斗和他人帮助对他人生路径的深刻影响。 1.A　推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句可知，Ghunta一家住在牙买加西部的农村地区，他的母亲常常要对有限的资源做出艰难的选择，比如决定送他的大姐上学而把Ghunta留在家里。由此可推断，Ghunta家生活贫困，资源有限。 2.C　推理判断题。根据第四段前两句可知，在老师的指导下，Ghunta的阅读技能开始提高，他才开始感到更自信。由此可推断，在遇到这位年轻老师之前，Ghunta是不自信的。 3.B　推理判断题。根据第四段第三句以及最后一段可知，老师不仅给了Ghunta识字的能力，还让他感受到了作为一个人的价值，并且老师带给他的希望和光明一直是他快乐的源泉。由此可推断，老师帮助Ghunta获得了自我价值感和希望。 4.D　标题归纳题。文章主要讲述了Ghunta在遇到老师之前阅读能力差，人生发展受限，而在老师的帮助下，他的阅读技能提升，变得自信，人生走向了新的方向。D项（人生走向新方向）适合作文章最佳标题。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了开放式办公室的流行趋势及其对员工工作效率和互动的影响。 5.B　细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，开放式办公室的流行趋势源于人们相信它能激发员工的创造力。 6.D　词义猜测题。根据第二段末句可知，随着数字通信渠道的增加（也就是人们更多地通过数字化方式如短信、邮件交流），生产力下降了。所以surged的意思是“快速增加”。 7.D　细节理解题。根据第三段末句可知，开放式办公室难以工作的原因是听到同事之间对话的一部分，我们的大脑会自动想象出另一部分。 8.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，专家提出的解决方案不是回到有墙的办公室那种形式，那么接下来很可能要讨论如何应对开放式办公室的缺点。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现，那些在未来地位和教育方面设定远大目标的孩子，随着年龄的增长往往会为自己的成功做好准备，研究还揭示了人生目标发展与未来在学校或工作场所成功之间的联系。 9.B　细节理解题。根据第一段末句以及第二段首句可知，这项研究主要关注的是儿童时期的目标是否与未来的成功有关。 10.A　细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句可知，随着孩子长大，与他人建立联系（如与亲人保持亲密、建立更多友谊、找浪漫伴侣、参与社区或帮助他人）这类与家庭相关的目标依然坚定。 11.B　推理判断题。根据第三段第二、三句可知，孩子在教育和未来地位方面的目标是成年后收入的最一致预测因素，当孩子梦想在学校表现好或成年后取得巨大成功时，这些目标能准确描绘出他们未来的成功程度，即童年的抱负与成功有潜在联系。 12.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Damian等人的工作证明了孩子的生活目标、教育成就和未来职业结果之间的强烈联系。这些信息对家长和教育者来说是有价值的，他们可以用它来鼓励孩子设定雄心勃勃的目标。此外，它有助于制定支持个人实现目标和发挥全部潜力的策略。由此推断，最后一段的目的是强调这项研究的重要性。 6 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $