UNIT 5 Section Ⅱ Using language-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册教用课件（外研版）

该高中英语课件聚焦名词性从句教学，通过“美文诵读”例句导入，结合“语法初识”解析从句类型，以“形式—意义—使用”三维语法观构建知识框架，分模块讲解后通过“运用练”巩固，形成从感知到应用的学习支架。 其亮点在于以三维语法观培养语言能力，通过同位语从句与定语从句对比表格等方式提升思维品质，结合“语法与写作”“语篇填空”强化学习能力。学生能系统掌握语法并灵活运用，教师可依托结构化资源高效开展教学。

Section Ⅱ　Using language 目 录 01 重难语法·要攻克 02 随堂检测·要过关 03 知识要点·须拾遗 04 课时检测·提能力 重难语法·要攻克 目 录 复习：名词性从句 　　The basketball match was about to begin， but the problem was that Li Hong didn’t turn up①. It’s known that he was a leading part of our team②. Without him， it’s difficult for us to win the game.That’s why we were worried③. Later， when we heard the news that he would arrive in five minutes④， we were all very happy.When he arrived， he told us that he was stuck in a traffic jam⑤. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 句①中的that引导表语从句，起连接作用； 句②中的that引导主语从句，it作形式主语； 句③中的why引导表语从句，在从句中作原因状语； 句④中的that引导同位语从句，解释说明the news的具体内容； 句⑤中的that引导宾语从句，起连接作用。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） ——运用“形式—意义—使用”相结合的三维动态语 法观 名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句，多由连词（that， whether， if），连接代词（who， whose， which， what， whoever， whatever， whichever）和连接副词（when， where， how， why， whenever， wherever， however）等引导。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 一、主语从句 【先感悟】 ①That the heavy haze is harming our health is quite apparent. ②Whether they will have the meeting hasn’t been decided yet. ③Whoever comes will be welcome. ④It is a pity that she has made such a mistake. ⑤It is very important that a student （should） learn English well. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 【会发现】 以上句子均含有 从句。句①由连接词 引导；句②由 连接词 引导，意为“ ”；句③由连接代 词 引导；句④和句⑤均为it作 ，真正的主语 是后面that引导的从句，即 从句。 主语　 that　 whether　 是否　 whoever　 形式主语　 主语　 【善归纳】 在复合句中作主语的从句叫作主语从句。 1. 连词that引导的主语从句，that在从句中无意义，不作任何成分。 2. 连词whether引导的主语从句，whether在从句中不作成分，意为 “是否”。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 3. 连接代词（who， whose， which， what， whoever， whatever， whichever）和连接副词（when， where， how， why， whenever， wherever， however）引导的主语从句，连接代词或连接副词在从句 中有意义且作成分。 4. it作形式主语，主语从句后移 有时为了使句子结构平衡，避免“头重脚轻”，常用it作形式主语， 而把主语从句，即真正的主语，放在后面。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 【运用练】　用适当的关系词填空 ① the earth goes around the sun is known to us all. ② they can grow more vegetables in space depends on how much time and space it takes. ③ made everyone present excited was that the scenery in the mountains was beautiful beyond expression. ④It suddenly occurred to him he had forgotten to lock the safe before he left the office. ⑤ wants to stay in this hotel doesn’t bother about breakfast. That　 Whether　 What　 that　 Whoever　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 二、宾语从句 【先感悟】 ①He told me （that） he would go to college the next year. ②I wonder whether/if they will come to our party. 【会发现】 以上句子均含有 从句。句①由连接词 引导，通常可 以省略；句②由连接词 引导，意为“ ”。 宾语　 that　 whether/if　 是否　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 【善归纳】 宾语从句在复合句中作及物动词或介词的宾语。引导宾语从句的词有 连词that（无意义，不作成分）；if/whether（是否）；连接代词 who， whose， what， which等；连接副词when， where， how， why 等。语序为陈述语序。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 名师点津 在以下情况中that不能省略： （1）动词后有两个或两个以上由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that 可以省略，其余的that一般都不能省略。 We all think （that） she is working very hard and that she will surely go to a very good university. 我们都认为她学习非常努力，一定能进入一个非常好的大学。 1. 连词that引导的宾语从句 that在宾语从句中不充当任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中可以 省略。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） （2）当主句的谓语动词与that引导的宾语从句之间有插入语时，that 一般不可省略。 Just then I noticed， for the first time， that our teacher was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap. 那时，我第一次注意到我们的老师穿着他的好看的绿色大衣并戴着黑 色丝帽。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 2. whether/if引导的宾语从句 whether/if引导的宾语从句，实际上是由一般疑问句演变而来的，意为 “是否”；宾语从句要用陈述语序。一般来说，在宾语从句中whether 与if可以互换使用，但在特殊情况下whether与if 是不能互换的。 名师点津 宾语从句只能用whether，不能用if的情况： （1）在带to的动词不定式前 We haven’t decided whether to walk there. 我们还没决定是否走着去那里。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） （2）在介词的后面 I’m thinking of whether we should go to see the film. 我正在考虑我们是否应该去看这部电影。 （3）与or not连用时 I can’t say whether or not they can come tomorrow. 我不敢说他们明天是否能来。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 3. 宾语从句的一些注意事项 （1）一般情况下介词后只能用wh-类连接词引导宾语从句，但but， except， besides等后可接that引导的宾语从句。 （2）动词find， consider， think， feel， believe， make等后有宾语 补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语从句后置。 （3）有些动词（短语），如enjoy， love， like， hate， appreciate， take， hide， see to， insist on， depend on， rely on等后接宾语从句 时，习惯上在从句前加形式宾语it。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） （4）宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，即：连接代词/副词＋主语＋谓语＋其他 成分。 （5）宾语从句的时态 宾语从句谓语动词的时态常受到主句谓语动词时态的影响。主句谓语 动词是现在或将来时态时，从句谓语动词可用任何所需要的时态；如 果主句时态是过去时，从句时态通常与主句一致用过去的某种时态。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 【运用练】　用适当的介词填空 ①Since he is a typical liar， for your own sake， you should not take he says seriously. ②The historian believed steam power was the key to industrial revolution and the period brought about the appearance of an urban working class. ③She asked me I had returned the books to the library， and I admitted that I hadn’t. what　 that　 whether/if　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 三、表语从句 【先感悟】 ①What really matters is whether you can concentrate on your lessons. ②Another thing that students often complain about is that they often have to stand in line for a long time before they can get the meal. ③It looks as if it is going to rain. ④This is where our problem lies. ⑤That is why he didn’t come to the meeting. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 【会发现】 以上句子均含有 从句。句①由连接词 引导，意为 “ ”；句②由连接词 引导；句③由连接词 ⁠引 导，意为“ ”；句④由连接副词 引导；句 ⑤由连接副词 引导。 表语　 whether　 是否　 that　 as if　 好像，仿佛　 where　 why　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 【善归纳】 表语从句在复合句中作表语，放在系动词之后，结构为“主语＋连系 动词＋表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be， look， remain， seem等。引导表语从句的词有连接词that， whether， as if/though， because；连接代词who， what， which等；连接副词 when， where， how， why等。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 名师点津 （1）引导表语从句的that不可省略。 （2）表语从句用陈述语序。 The question is when he can arrive at the hotel. 问题是他什么时候可以到达酒店。 （3）引导表语从句时，用whether不用if。 The question is whether he can make it. 问题是他能否成功。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） （4）reason作主语时，表语从句要用that引导。常用句式为The reason is that ... He didn’t attend the party.The reason was that he was ill. 他没有参加聚会，原因是他生病了。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 【运用练】　用适当的连接词填空 ①He has heart disease. That is he has been smoking too much. ②The essence of good leadership is you inspire and motivate your team to achieve their goals. ③The question is he can arrive at the hotel on time or not. because　 how　 whether　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 四、同位语从句 【先感悟】 ①The suggestion that a new bridge （should） be built was accepted. ②We can， therefore， come to the conclusion that drinking too much wine does harm to our health. 【会发现】 以上句子均含有 从句。句①和句②均由连接词 ⁠ 引导。 同位语　 that　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 【善归纳】 在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。它一般放在fact， news，idea，truth，hope，problem，information，belief，thought， doubt，promise，question等抽象名词的后面，对前面的名词作进一步 的解释，或说明前面名词的具体含义。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 1. 同位语从句的连接词 引导同位语从句的连接词有连词that，whether；连接代词what，who 等和连接副词when，where，why， how等。其中that， whether不作成 分，that无实际意义，whether意为“是否”；其他连接词具有实义， 同时在同位语从句中作一定成分。引导同位语从句的连接词一般都不 省略。 2. 同位语从句的注意事项 有时同位语从句与其所解释说明的名词会被其他成分隔开，从而形成 分隔式同位语从句，这样做主要是为了保持句子结构平衡，避免头重 脚轻。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 3. 同位语从句和定语从句的区别 同位语从句 定语从句 功能 解释说明名词表示的具体内容 限定名词的性质、特征、来源等 that 不作成分，只起连接作用，不可省略 作主语、宾语或表语，起连接作用，并且作从句的宾语时可省略 whether 起连接作用，其中whether（是否）不作成分，而how和what作成分 不引导定语从句 how/what 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 同位语从句 定语从句 who 作成分；起连接作用；有自己的含义，但与其修饰的名词无关 作成分；起连接作用；与先行词 有一定的关系，如when的先行词 为时间名词 when where why 名师点津 判定同位语从句的简易方法： 我们可以在名词和从句之间加be动词，使之构成一个新句子，如果合 乎逻辑、句子通顺，则是同位语从句。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） The news that she told me is that Tom will go abroad next year.（that she told me是定语从句） 她告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。（不可以说The news was that she told me ...） The news that Tom would go abroad was told by her.（that Tom would go abroad是同位语从句） 汤姆将出国的消息是她说的。（可以说The news was that Tom would go abroad ...） 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 【运用练】　用适当的连接词填空 ①Word came the students would put off the outing until next week because of the bad weather. ②You have no idea anxious I have been for her safety. ③The question the majority of the labor force will embrace hybrid working mode has set the fur flying in society. that　 how　 whether/how/when　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 随堂检测·要过关 目 录 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1. It is often the case anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. 2. The gold medal will be awarded to wins the first place in the bicycle race. 3. When everyone quieted down， the speaker began to talk，saying that this was exactly was happening in their lives. that　 whoever　 what　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 4. The suggestion the new rule （should） be adopted came from the chairman. 5. You have to know you’re going if you are to plan the best way of getting there. 6. fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect. 7. What the doctors really doubt is the poor boy will recover from the serious disease soon. that　 where　 That　 whether　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 8. I believe is that you need to act flexibly， instead of following what everyone else is doing. 9. Recently researchers have come to the conclusion singing in groups could have a positive impact on reducing anxiety and depression. 10. If you are passionate about something， pursue it no matter what anyone else thinks. That’s dreams are achieved. What　 that　 how　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） Ⅱ.语法与写作 1. the movie will be not only interesting but also meaningful. 人们相信这部电影不仅有趣，而且有意义。 2. is the spectacular view of sunrise on the top of the mountain. 最吸引游客的是山顶上壮丽的日出景色。 3. I’m glad to learn ⁠ ⁠. 我很高兴得知你们的画廊将举办中国画展。 It is believed that　 What attracts tourists most　 that your gallery will hold a Chinese painting exhibition　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 4. That is ， one of the best universities in China. 这就是为什么我建议你申请北京大学，中国最好的大学之一。 5. From what has been discussed above， we may draw the conclusion ⁠ ⁠. 通过上面的讨论，我们可以得出结论：如果你想实现目标，就一定要 自信。 why I suggest you apply for Peking University　 that you must have self-confidence if you want to achieve your goal　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 知识要点·须拾遗 目 录 1. throw oneself into积极投入到……中去 【教材原句】　Of course， exploration doesn’t have to mean blindly throwing ourselves into the unknown， and it’s never wrong to think twice before taking action. 当然，探索并不意味着盲目地投入到未知的世界，在采取行动之前三 思是没有错的。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 【用法】 throw away　　抛弃；扔掉 throw off　　脱去 throw up　　举起；呕吐 throw out　　抛出；扔出去 throw oneself on　　扑倒在……上；完全依赖 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 【佳句】　When the little boy saw his injured dog， he threw himself on the ground beside it， looking extremely worried. 当小男孩看到他受伤的狗时，他扑倒在它身旁的地上，显得十分焦 急。　（动作描写） 【练透】　用throw的相关短语填空 ①The old textbooks have been as they are no longer relevant to our current study plan. ②She suddenly during the car ride because of motion sickness. thrown away　 threw up　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 【写美】　完成句子 ③一看到溺水的男孩，老人就脱掉外套，跳入水中救他。 On seeing the drowning boy， the old man and dived into the water to save him. threw off his coat　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 2. look into调查（问题）；审查；研究 look after　　　　　照料，照顾 look down upon/on　　看不起，轻视 look forward to　　盼望；期望 look over　　查看；检查 look through　　快速查看；浏览 look up　　往上看；查阅 look up to　　尊敬，敬仰 look ahead （to sth）　　向前看（某物）；为将来打算 【用法】 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 【佳句】　That we each should look up to the old is our traditional Chinese virtue. 我们每个人都要尊重老人，这是中国的传统美德。 　（倡议书） 【练透】　用look的相关短语填空 ①I’m your coming to my graduation party next week. ②Can you help me my composition and give me some advice？ looking forward to　 look over　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） ③We should never others just because of their poor grades. ④My parents are on a business trip， so my aunt will me during this time. look down upon/on　 look after　 【写美】　完成句子 ⑤考试前，我总是快速浏览笔记本来复习重要知识。 Before the exam， I always to review important knowledge. look through my notebooks　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 课时检测·提能力 目 录 维度一：基础题型练 用方框内短语的适当形式填空 think twice， shrink from， look into， test the waters， check out， steer clear of， set out， throw oneself into 1. Please remember to leave your room keys at reception when you ⁠. check out　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 2. To improve your writing， you should to practice writing an English composition every week. 3. Sometimes people get curious and want to ⁠. 4. Nowadays， with the fast development of science and technology， more and more scientists are ocean exploration. 5. When you talk with an unfamiliar woman， you’d better ⁠ age. set out　 test the waters　 throwing themselves into　 steer clear of　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 6. While there is no need for us to new situations， we should always think twice before rushing into things. 7. I’m writing to remind you that buying such an expensive phone requires a large sum of money， so ⁠. 8. Several months ago， the police in this city several crime cases where personal information had been illegally sold. shrink from　 think twice　 looked into　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 维度二：语法与写作 1. He had no idea ⁠ we needed for the project. 他不知道公司什么时候会提供我们这个项目所需要的新设备。 2. was her courage， skill and determination. 最让我印象深刻的是她的勇气、技巧和决心。 when the company would supply the new equipment　 What impressed me most　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 4. The question is to Beijing tomorrow. 问题是明天谁和我一起去北京。 5. depends on effort rather than luck. 一个人能否实现目标取决于努力而不是运气。 who will go with me　 Whether one can achieve goals　 3. the precious lesson taught by my Dad would definitely guide the way of my future. 我突然想到，我父亲给我上的宝贵一课肯定会指引我未来的道路。 It occurred to me that　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 维度三：语法与语篇 根据语境，用适当的连接词填空。 　　There was an accident on the corner of the Roman Street this morning.No witness saw 1. on earth happened then.A car crashed into a truck but luckily no one got injured.2. will be responsible for the accident is still under investigation.The police are uncertain about 3. led to the accident.The truck driver looked as if he was guilty.He was too nervous to say a word.4. the police would do is figure out the truth as soon as possible.They said 5. ⁠ it what　 Who　 what　 What　 that　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） was difficult for them to judge 6. exactly should be to blame.7. this happened was still not clear.It was certain 8. the car driver was too tired to stop the car immediately.The car driver didn’t admit the fact 9. he was driving over the speed limit at the turning.The police doubted 10. what he said was true and decided to make a further investigation. who　 How　 that　 that　 whether/if　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2025·山东菏泽高二下期末） The Great Sphinx of Giza， Egypt， is one of civilisation’s greatest mysteries. No one knows for sure exactly when， why， or how it was built. It is an enormous sculpture， believed to be the biggest ever created. It measures about 241 feet （73.5 metres） long and 66 feet （20 metres） high. Due to its unknown origin， this massive creation has puzzled locals， tourists， historians， and archaeologists for centuries. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 　　The Sphinx has the body of a lion and the head of a man， which gives it the appearance of a mythical creature. It remains mostly intact today， with the exception of its nose. Many legends surround the missing nose， but a widely accepted explanation is that a former ruler had the nose carved off at some point after its creation. 　　Most archaeologists believe that the Sphinx was built about 4，600 years ago by a pharaoh （法老）， or ruler， named Khafre. His pyramid， the giant tomb that holds Khafre’s body， is located directly behind the Sphinx. Stone blocks cut out in order to carve the Sphinx’s 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） face were used to build the Khafre Valley Temple at about the same time. Some historians also believe the Sphinx’s face was modelled after the face of Khafre. 　　For most of its existence， the Sphinx was buried in sand. One story claims that around 1400 BC， the pharaoh Thutmose Ⅳ dreamt that the Sphinx ordered him to clear away the sand in return for the crown （王 位） of Egypt. The sand soon buried the Sphinx again， however. In the 1850s， the sand was partially cleared， and in the 1930s， the Sphinx 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） was totally exposed. Now， wind， humidity， and smog are causing the Sphinx to crumble （碎裂）. Archaeologists must act quickly to preserve this mysterious symbol of Egypt. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了埃及的狮身人面 像，包括其外观、建造历史、相关传说以及现状。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了埃及的狮身人面 像，包括其外观、建造历史、相关传说以及现状。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 1. Why is the Sphinx considered to be mysterious？（　　） A. People know little about it. B. Wind and smog didn’t break it down. C. It is the biggest sculpture ever made. D. It was buried in the sand for centuries. 解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，狮身人面像的神秘 性源于人们对它的起源和建造细节知之甚少。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 2. What does the underlined word “intact” in paragraph 2 mean？ （　　） A. Complete. B. Sensitive. C. Mysterious. D. Confusing. 解析：　词义猜测题。根据第二段可知，狮身人面像的鼻子失踪 了，再根据画线词后的with the exception of可知，此处指狮身人面像 主体结构未被破坏。由此可推知，intact意为“完整的”。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 3. What is paragraph 3 mainly about？（　　） A. The history of Khafre’s famous tomb. B. Documents recording Khafre’s ruling of Egypt. C. Khafre’s great achievement in building the Sphinx. D. Evidence supporting Khafre’s building of the Sphinx. 解析：　段落大意题。根据第三段可知，大多数考古学家认为狮身 人面像是法老Khafre建造的，为了雕刻狮身人面像的面部而切割下来 的石块大约在同一时间被用来建造了卡夫拉河谷神庙。由此可推知， 本段重点在于提供Khafre建造狮身人面像的证据。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 4. What does the author call on archaeologists to do？（　　） A. Dig out the Sphinx completely. B. Take action to protect the Sphinx. C. Further understand the symbol of Egypt. D. Restore the Sphinx to attract more people. 解析：　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，作者呼吁考古 学家采取措施保护狮身人面像。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） B 　　（2025·重庆高二下期末）Almost every machine with moving parts has wheels， yet no one knows exactly when the first wheel was invented or what it was used for. We do know， the evolution of wheels is a remarkable journey that has spanned over 5，500 years， with its origins tracing back to ancient Asia. 　　The oldest known transport wheel was discovered in 2002 in Slovenia. It is over 5，100 years old. Evidence suggests that wheels for transport didn’t become popular for a while， though. This could be 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） because animals can carry heavy loads， such as farming tools， articles of daily use and humans around， making wheels seem unnecessary. 　　But it could also be because of a difficult situation. The construction of smooth road surfaces is crucial for the efficient operation of wheels. While wheels need to roll on smooth surface， roads with smooth surfaces weren’t going to be constructed until there was plenty of demand for them. Eventually， road surfaces did become smoother， but this difficult situation appeared again a few centuries later. There had been no 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） important changes in wheel and vehicle design before the arrival of modern road design. 　　In the mid-1700s， a Frenchman came up with a new design of road — a base layer of large stones covered with a thin layer of smaller stones. A Scotsman improved on this design in the 1820s and a strong， lasting road surface became a reality. At around the same time， metal hubs （the central part of a wheel） came into being， followed by the pneumatic tyre （充气轮胎） in 1846. Alloy wheels were invented in 1967， sixty years after the appearance of tarmacked roads （柏油路）. As wheel design took off， vehicles got faster and faster. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 　　Despite the reasons for their delayed popularity remaining unclear， it is evident that wheels have played a significant role in shaping the modern world. From ancient Asia to modern times， wheels have revolutionized transportation， making it faster， more efficient， and more accessible to people around the globe. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了轮子的发明、发展 及其对现代世界，特别是交通运输领域的重要影响。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了轮子的发明、发展 及其对现代世界，特别是交通运输领域的重要影响。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 5. What might explain why transport wheels didn’t become popular for some time？（　　） A. Few knew how to use transport wheels. B. Humans carried farming tools just as well. C. Animals were a good means of transport. D. The existence of transport wheels was not known. 解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段末句可知，运输轮子在一段时间 内没有流行起来是因为动物是一种很好的交通工具。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 6. What do we know about road design from the passage？（　　） A. It was easier than wheel design. B. It improved after big changes in vehicle design. C. It had been no change before the arrival of wheel design. D. It contributed to the development of wheel design. 解析：　推理判断题。根据第三段末句和第四段末句可推知，道路 设计的发展促进了车轮的发展。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 7. How is the fourth paragraph mainly developed？（　　） A. By following time order. B. By making comparisons. C. By giving data. D. By making explanations. 解析：　推理判断题。根据第四段可知，本段是按照时间顺序展 开的。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 8. What is the passage mainly about？（　　） A. The beginning of road design. B. The development of transport wheels. C. The history of public transport. D. The invention of fast-moving vehicles. 解析：　主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段可知，本文讲述了 车轮的发展历程及道路设计对车轮发展的影响。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） Ⅱ.完形填空 　　（2025·浙江杭州高二下期末）Dr Jonas Salk’s medical care of pets on the streets started ten years ago as a personal mission that he kept to himself. 　　One morning， he stopped to  　9　 the dog of a beggar outside a convenience store. “I’d seen this guy before and  　10　 him. Regrettably， I just walked by him，” Salk said. “ 　11　， that day， I just broke the  　12　 because I noticed his dog had serious skin condition.” He diagnosed and treated the dog’s condition， and the 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） animal was  　13　. But for Salk， the man’s  　14　 was the real wake- up call： “Thank you for not ignoring me” were the words that  　15　 his next chapter. 　　Soon after， Salk began to do more，  　16　 small drop-in clinics to provide medical care for pets whose owners couldn’t afford it and walking the streets looking for  　17　 individuals whose pets needed help. Right away， he was  　18　 by how much the unhoused owners cared for their beloved pets. 　　He also found many pet owners wanted to  　19　 stories about their dogs with others. With their  　20　， Salk’s brother， Ian， 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） began  　21　 some of the work and personal stories to raise awareness about animal welfare. 　　His brother encouraged him to  　22　 the news online and soon more like-minded volunteers jumped on board. Since he started， Salk and his team have offered  　23　 to thousands of animals. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述索尔从一次偶然的善 举开始，发展到为无家可归者的宠物提供医疗服务，并激励其他人 加入这一善举的故事。 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述索尔从一次偶然的善 举开始，发展到为无家可归者的宠物提供医疗服务，并激励其他人 加入这一善举的故事。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 9. A. greet B. examine C. feed D. train 解析：　根据下文I noticed his dog had serious skin condition可知，索 尔停下来检查一条狗的情况。 10. A. ignored B. approached C. contacted D. persuaded 解析：　根据下文可知，索尔之前忽视了这个乞丐。 11. A. Therefore B. Besides C. Otherwise D. However 解析：　根据语境可知，上下文为转折关系，用however连接。 √ √ √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 12. A. appointment B. routine C. agreement D. balance 解析：　根据上下文可知，索尔打破自己的常规，停下来给乞丐的 狗狗诊断病情。 13. A. adopted B. infected C. traced D. transformed 解析：　根据上文treated the dog’s condition可知，狗狗被治疗后， 情况有了改变。 √ √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 14. A. tone B. forgiveness C. gratitude D. comment 解析：　根据下文Thank you for not ignoring me可知，乞丐的感激对 索尔来说是真正的警钟。 15. A. improved B. inspired C. strengthened D. displayed 解析：　根据下文Soon after， Salk began to do more和provide medical care for pets whose owners couldn’t afford it可知，乞丐的话激 发了索尔的下一个篇章，即让他帮助更多的无家可归者的宠物。 √ √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 16. A. setting up B. setting off C. setting aside D. setting down 解析：　根据small drop-in clinics可知，此处指建立了小型临时 诊所。 17. A. frustrated B. hopeless C. homeless D. elderly 解析：　根据下文how much the unhoused owners cared for their beloved pets可知，此处指为无家可归者的宠物提供医疗服务。 √ √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 18. A. bothered B. amused C. alarmed D. struck 解析：　根据下文可知，此处指无家可归者对自己宠物的照顾程度 让索尔震惊。 19. A. repeat B. share C. extend D. connect 解析：　根据下文可知，此处指和他人分享自己狗狗的故事。 √ √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 20. A. admission B. ambition C. permission D. invitation 解析：　根据上文可知，很多无家可归者想要分享自己宠物的故 事，于是在得到他们的许可后，索尔的弟弟准备做一些事情。 21. A. documenting B. analyzing C. assessing D. revising 解析：　根据下文可知，此处指记录一些工作和个人故事。 √ √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 22. A. create B. search C. clarify D. spread 解析：　根据下文可知，索尔鼓励弟弟在网上传播消息。 23. A. treatment B. friendship C. company D. nutrition 解析：　根据上文provide medical care for pets whose owners couldn’t afford it可知，此处指给数千只动物提供了治疗。 √ √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） Ⅲ.语法填空 　　（2025·江苏苏州高二下期末） China has announced the completion of an approximately 1，800-mile-long belt of vegetation encircling the Taklamakan Desert， one of 24. 　　　　　　 largest and most challenging desert environments in the world. 25. 　　　　　　 （locate） in northwest China， the Taklamakan is known for 26. 　　　　　　 （it） shifting dunes and tough climatic conditions， which have historically brought significant challenges to nearby communities and ecosystems. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 　　The newly completed corridor， often referred to27. 　　　　　　 a “Green Great Wall，” consists of drought-resistant trees 28. 　　　　　　 （specific） selected to survive the desert’s extreme weather. According to official reports， this extensive planting effort is intended to help ensure the landscape， reduce sandstorms， 29. 　　　　　　 prevent the desert from expanding further into agricultural regions. 　　Government forestry agencies have noted that this large-scale greening initiative 30. 　　　　　　 （expect） to contribute to better 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） soil holding， improve biodiversity， and 31. 　　　　　　 （strength） the environment. The increased vegetation may also offer long-term benefits for residents 32. 　　　　 live on the desert’s edge， potentially helping to preserve livelihoods， maintain farmlands， and support more sustainable local development. 　　This project is part of China’s broader efforts 33. 　　 （address） desertification and restore ecological balance. The successful completion of it stands as a significant example of working with nature to create more stable， healthy， and hopeful conditions for both people and the environment. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国完成环绕塔克 拉玛干沙漠约1，800英里长的植被带建设，该项目旨在应对沙漠 化、恢复生态平衡。 24. the　考查冠词。形容词最高级largest前需用定冠词the。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国完成环绕塔克 拉玛干沙漠约1，800英里长的植被带建设，该项目旨在应对沙漠 化、恢复生态平衡。 25. Located　考查非谓语动词。（locate） in northwest China作 地点状语，locate（确定……的准确地点）是非谓语动词，与其逻 辑主语the Taklamakan是被动关系，应用过去分词表被动；句首单 词首字母大写。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 26. its　考查代词。空处修饰名词短语shifting dunes，应用形容词性 物主代词its作定语，意为“它的”。 27. as　考查介词。refer to ...as ...是固定短语，意为“把……称 为……”。 28. specifically　考查副词。空处修饰动词selected，应用副词 specifically作状语，意为“专门地”。 29. and　考查连词。help ensure the landscape、reduce sandstorms和 prevent the desert from expanding further into agricultural regions是并列 关系，应用并列连词and连接。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 30. is expected　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。expect（预计）是从句 谓语动词，与主语this large-scale greening initiative之间是被动关系， 且此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是单数名 词，谓语动词应用单数形式is expected。 31. strengthen　考查动词。and连接并列的动词，空前的contribute和 improve是动词原形，所以此处也应用动词原形strengthen。 32. who/that　考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先 行词residents，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who 或that引导。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 33. to address　考查非谓语动词。（address） desertification and restore ecological balance作后置定语，修饰名词efforts，其后常用动词 不定式作后置定语，表示“……的努力”。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） $