UNIT 5 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas(课时跟踪检测)(学用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版）

Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas 维度一：品句填词 1.We could see a 　　　　　　（遥远的） lighthouse flashing its light in the fog. 2.Thousands of years ago， our human 　　　　　（祖先） gradually learned to make fire and use it for cooking. 3.They planted pumpkin 　　　　　　（种子） in the garden last spring and harvested many big pumpkins in autumn. 4.The fingerprints on the door were a strong proof that he was the 　　　　　　（嫌疑犯）of the crime. 5.The scientist collected some soil s　　　　　　 in the forest for his environmental research. 维度二：词形转换 1.The 　　　　　　（evolve） of the automobile industry has led to more efficient vehicles. 2.The candidate presented a 　　　　　（convince） case for why he was the best fit for the position. 3.The 　　　　　　（discover） of a new species has shocked the whole world. 4.This traditional craft has been passed down through 　　　　　　（generate） of artisans， maintaining its unique charm and techniques. 5.We should keep a safe 　　　　　　（distant） from wild animals to avoid being attacked. 6.We should apply 　　　　　　（science） knowledge and methods in our daily lives to make more rational decisions and solve various problems. 7.Reading a wide variety of books is 　　　　　　（benefit） to broadening our horizons and enriching our knowledge and thinking. 8.The man’s behavior seemed 　　　　　　（suspect）， so the police followed him and finally discovered his illegal activities. 维度三：固定搭配和句式 1.The small town 　　　　　　　　（产生） as a result of the gold rush in the 19th century. 2.The Mona Lisa， painted by Leonardo da Vinci， 　　　　　　　　（被视为） one of the most famous and mysterious artworks in the world. 3.The plot of this movie 　　　　　　　（与……相似） a real-life story that happened in a small town a few years ago， which makes it more relatable. 4.During the festival， there are 　　　　　　　　（各种各样的） performances， like traditional dance shows， acrobatic acts， and live music concerts. 5.The subway cars 　　　　　　　　（挤满） commuters in the morning rush hour， making it a bit uncomfortable to travel. 6.After the company announced the large-scale layoffs， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（人们似乎被……震惊了） the unexpected decision. 7.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （随着暑假的临近）， travel agencies are promoting different tour packages to attract more customers. 8.They 　　　　　　　　　　　　　（直到老板回来才离开办公室） with important instructions. 维度四：一词多义/熟词生义 快速阅读下列句子并选出句中加黑词汇对应的意思 1.distant A.adj.遥远的，远处的　B.adj.不友好的，冷淡的 C.adj.心不在焉的，恍惚的 ①His distant manner made it difficult for others to approach him. 　　　　　 ②He seemed distant and unfocused， as if his mind was somewhere else. 　　　　　 ③The sound of the distant church bells echoed in the air. 　　　　　 快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思 2.The police have arrested a suspect in connection with the robbery. 　　　　　　　 3.At the food festival， you can sample various delicious snacks from different regions. 　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　The 97-year-old botanist， Margaret Bradshaw， is the chief caretaker of Teesdale’s rarest flowers.“Everything about Teesdale is unique，” says Bradshaw with pride — and the authority of someone who has just written a 288-page book on the subject.Bradshaw has been recording rare plants here since the early 1950s and has witnessed great decreases.Her data was the first to prove that — and the need to do something about it. 　　The main reason for the decrease of these plants is an unusual one.The number of sheep in Teesdale had been reduced by half by 2000， as the uplands were generally believed there were too many sheep.Bradshaw says while sheep are hunted in some upland areas， reducing herding in Teesdale has been destructive.Longer grass overshadows the delicate （娇嫩） flowers， taking away the light they need to grow.As a result of her findings and her work with farmers who herd the land — as well as Natural England， which manages it — sheep numbers are increasing and the timing of herding is being carefully managed.This has led to the partial recovery of some plants. 　　At 93， she set up Teesdale Special Flora Research and Conservation Trust to record rare plants.A keen horse rider， at 95， she did a 55-mile horse journey across Teesdale， raising almost $10，000 for the Trust.When asked about the secret to longevity， “Just keep going，” she says.“Keep at it.Don’t sit down and just watch TV.” 　　“I recognise I’m getting older and I’ve been trying to get more people to take over and do the records.They don’t believe I won’t be here forever，” Bradshaw says.Despite Bradshaw’s guardianship of this land， and the love and energy she has put into saving it， the future here is unknown.The last words of her book speak to this endless loss.“This is our heritage， this unique plant species， mine and yours，” she writes.“In spite of trying， I have failed to prevent its decrease， now it is up to you.” 1.What is Margaret Bradshaw’s main work with the rare plants？（　　） A.Writing a book. B.Preventing their decrease. C.Collecting their data. D.Directing farmers to grow plants. 2.What contributed to the reduction of rare plants in Teesdale？（　　） A.Not enough sheep. B.Lack of fund. C.Poor management. D.Too many sheep. 3.What can we learn from Bradshaw’s words in the last paragraph？（　　） A.Unity brings strength. B.Many hands make light work. C.Youthful at heart， regardless of age. D.Advance what the forerunners began. 4.Which might be a suitable title for the text？（　　） A.Teesdale：Home to Rare Plants B.Battling for Teesdale’s Wildflowers C.Bradshaw：A 97-Year-Old Gardener D.Exploring Teesdale’s Unique Plants B 　　Ponds are a rich source of biodiversity， providing natural environments for many rare and endangered species， including plants， insects， birds and bats.Ponds show far greater variation than rivers and streams.Yet， for a century or so， ponds have been ignored by scientists. 　　Why have we overlooked such a significant part of the natural world？ A key reason appears to be the cognitive bias （认知偏见） where we assume that if something is small， it can’t be all that important.Rather than study ponds， biologists in the past typically headed for the largest lake or river they could find.Most of us also devalue ponds because we assume they are human-made habitats and don’t realize that these waters have a deeply ancient origin.Ponds have clearly existed on Earth as long as there has been land and water and the geological record shows they have been a long-lasting presence. 　　Ignoring ponds within science has had a big impact on our ability to protect their wildlife.It has created a world view in which policy-makers can simply ignore the big networks of ponds that make up so much of the global water environment.In Europe， for example， the Water Framework Directive mostly excludes any bodies of water smaller than 50 hectares. 　　Fortunately， views are changing.Last year， the Ramsar Convention， an international agreement， introduced a resolution （决议） on small wetlands， including ponds， giving more recognition to them.And the European Union-funded PONDERFUL project is gathering data on Europe’s ponds. 　　However， if we want to make use of the biodiversity power that ponds offer， there remains much to do.In a world where fresh water faces big challenges， creating and protecting ponds provides a ray of hope： a piece of natural ecological engineering we can easily achieve to help support biodiversity. 5.What can be learned about ponds from paragraph 1？（　　） A.They are difficult to research. B.They fail to get due attention. C.They are too small to support wildlife. D.They have greater importance than rivers. 6.What does the cognitive bias assume？（　　） A.Ponds are short-lived. B.Rivers are fully-developed. C.Small things are unimportant. D.Natural habitats are unnoticed. 7.Why is the Water Framework Directive mentioned in paragraph 3？（　　） A.To solve a problem. B.To present a fact. C.To prove a point. D.To make a comparison. 8.What does the author imply in the last paragraph？（　　） A.Exploring ponds has a long way to go. B.Ecological diversity is easy to realize. C.Fresh water supply can meet our needs. D.Building ponds can promote economy. C 　　Sustainable travel is an idea that many experts within the travel industry agree on.To continue enjoying this extraordinary world， both travelers and the travel industry must adapt to be more sustainable in actions.A report reads： “At this important moment in climate history， if there is a lack of actions， by 2040 many of the world’s favorite destinations will be forced to go virtual.” 　　What is sustainable travel？ It is about traveling in a way that reduces negative impact on the climate and environment， as well as the communities and people we visit.For many years， the attention around sustainable travel was based on reducing environmental pollution.While it is still important， there is now an even more pressing issue.With the growth of a privatized （私有化的） market that means local communities aren’t benefiting much from tourism as they should， change is needed more than ever. 　　To deal with the problem， we need to rethink how we see travel.Instead of just focusing on our own experiences， we should consider the needs of our hosts alongside our hopes for a fun-filled holiday.All it takes is a little thoughtful planning. 　　One of the most effective ways you can make a difference when traveling is to reduce your carbon footprint （碳足迹）.Wherever you choose to go， your transport will likely account for the majority of your CO2 emissions.By simple math， that means traveling shorter distances and in a way that uses less fuel （燃料） will make a big difference.And by doing so， you can visit more places and benefit more communities and people. 　　And traveling out of peak season can be a more enriching experience.You’ll avoid the crowds at popular sights and find lower prices for hotels， restaurants and activities.For local people who work in tourism and are seasonal workers， the money they make outside of busy periods is much valued and needed. 　　Another impactful way to be more sustainable is to stay in community-owned accommodation rather than chain hotels.It means the money you spend goes directly to local people who are serving you and need it most. 9.Why does the author mention the report in paragraph 1？（　　） A.To try to describe sustainable travel. B.To point out the main idea of the text. C.To show the urgency of sustainable travel. D.To present climate change’s effect on travel. 10.What does “an even more pressing issue” in paragraph 2 refer to？（　　） A.Climate change. B.Environmental pollution. C.Fast growth of tourism. D.Little attention on locals. 11.What does the author suggest a sustainable traveler do？（　　） A.Travel less. B.Choose long trips. C.Make a package tour. D.Try off-season travel. 12.Why are community-owned hotels recommended？（　　） A.They provide better service for guests. B.They are friendlier to the environment. C.They help local people earn more money. D.They are the backbone of the local economy. Ⅱ.阅读七选五 　　A hobby farm is a small farm that’s run for your own pleasure rather than for profit.If you’re just getting started with your hobby farm， things might seem difficult.Where do you start？ What do you need to know first？ 13.（　　）. 　　Start small.If you jump into hobby farming with both feet， there’s a good chance you’ll feel overwhelmed （不知所措的） with the care of seven or eight types of crops that are new to you.14.（　　）， you’ll have a chance to learn as you go with a lower rate of failure.You’ll feel more relaxed as you add new crops each year. 　　Don’t try to be profitable.If you’re running a true business that you hope will earn you something beyond the food you eat， you’re not a hobby farmer.You might make a little money by selling produce， but avoid spending more time selling than farming.15.（　　）. 　　16.（　　）.By talking to other people who have done — and are still doing — what you hope to do， you’ll get basic and in-depth knowledge on farming.Even if you’re in an urban area， there are probably other people who share similar goals.Consider joining a group that shares tips， tools， and other resources. 　　Be flexible with your choices.Feel free to try different crops on your farm， and know that it’s okay to change your mind.You thought you’d enjoy growing corn， but find that you’re more interested in growing green beans.That’s okay.17.（　　）. A.Talk to other farmers B.Take the time to connect with farmer C.This is your farm — do whatever you want with it D.If you’re just getting started with your hobby farm E.If you start with just one or two major crops per year F.With following guiding principles， you can stay on course G.Remember that you got into hobby farming for the fun of it 6 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas 基础知识自测 维度一 1.distant　2.ancestors　3.seeds　4.suspect 5.samples 维度二 1.evolution　2.convincing　3.discovery　4.generations 5.distance　6.scientific　7.beneficial　8.suspicious 维度三 1.came to exist 2.is regarded as 3.is similar to 4.a variety of 5.were crowded with 6.it seemed that people were shocked by 7.As the summer break is approaching 8.didn’t leave the office until their boss came back 维度四 1.①B　②C　③A　2.n.嫌疑人　3.v.品尝 素养能力提升 Ⅰ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。97岁的植物学家Margaret Bradshaw是蒂斯代尔最稀有花卉的主要看护人，她希望让更多的人接手并做记录并且开创这个事业。 1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句可知，Bradshaw 从 20 世纪 50 年代初就开始记录这里的珍稀植物，所以她对珍稀植物的主要工作是收集它们的数据。 2.A　推理判断题。根据第二段第二至四句可知，到2000年，蒂斯代尔的绵羊数量减少了一半，减少放牧对这里的植物造成了破坏，因为更长的草遮住了娇嫩的花朵，夺走了它们生长所需的光线。所以导致蒂斯代尔珍稀植物减少的原因是绵羊数量不足。 3.D　推理判断题。在最后一段，Bradshaw 说她一直在努力让更多人接手并做记录，她虽然努力了但未能阻止植物数量减少，现在要靠其他人了。这表明她希望后人能继续她未完成的保护珍稀植物的工作，D项（推进前人开创的事业）符合她的意思。 4.B　标题归纳题。文章主要讲述了 97 岁的植物学家 Margaret Bradshaw 为保护蒂斯代尔的珍稀花卉所做的努力，包括收集数据、发现问题、与各方合作以及呼吁更多人参与等。B 项（为蒂斯代尔的野花而战）能很好地概括文章主旨，适合作文章标题。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。池塘是生物多样性的重要来源，为许多稀有和濒危的物种提供了自然环境，但是，长久以来，池塘一直被忽视。因此，人们需要改变对池塘的认知偏见，对池塘投入研究，才能发挥池塘的生物多样性力量。 5.B　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，大约一个世纪以来，池塘一直被科学家忽视，即池塘没有得到应有的关注。 6.C　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，这种认知偏见认为小的东西没那么重要。 7.C　推理判断题。第三段指出忽视池塘影响了我们保护其野生生物的能力，使得政策制定者忽视构成全球水环境很大一部分的池塘网络，接着举例说明《水框架指令》大多将小于 50 公顷的水体排除在外，以此证明忽视池塘这一观点对政策制定产生的影响。由此可推知，提及《水框架指令》是为了证明论点。 8.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，如果我们想利用池塘提供的生物多样性力量，还有很多事情要做。由此可推知，作者暗示探索池塘还有很长的路要走。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了可持续旅游的重要性以及如何实现可持续旅游。 9.C　推理判断题。第一段提到在气候历史的这一重要时刻，如果不采取行动，到 2040 年许多世界著名的旅游目的地将被迫变为虚拟的。所以作者提及该报告是为了表明可持续旅行的紧迫性。 10.D　词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句可知，随着私有化市场的增长，当地社区没有从旅游业中获得应有的收益，这就是比减少环境污染更紧迫的问题，即对当地人关注不足。 11.D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句可知，作者建议可持续旅游的旅行者选择在淡季旅行。 12.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，推荐社区拥有的酒店是因为游客花的钱能直接给到为他们服务且最需要钱的当地人手中，帮助当地人赚更多钱。 Ⅱ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何开始经营业余农场。 13.F　14.E　15.G　16.A　17.C　 6 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $