UNIT 1 Section Ⅲ Developing ideas(教用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版）

本讲义围绕“幽默的重要性”核心知识点，以马克·吐温和汪曾祺的幽默案例为载体，构建“Pre-reading导入提问-While-reading文本架构分析、细节理解与难句解析-Post-reading思维拓展与语法巩固”的学习支架，系统梳理幽默的文化内涵与语言表达。 该资料特色在于融合语言能力与文化意识培养，通过对比中外作家幽默案例（如马克·吐温理发店趣事与汪曾祺咸鸭蛋调侃）提升跨文化认知，While-reading的“析难句表达升级”环节强化复杂句式理解能力，Post-reading的讨论活动（如“你是否幽默”）促进批判性思维。课中助力教师分层教学，课后通过语法填空、词汇练习等帮助学生巩固语言知识，弥补学习盲点。

Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas Pre-reading Before reading the passage， answer the following questions. Do you think humour is important in our lives？ Why？ 　Yes， I firmly believe that humour is of great importance in our lives.　 　Firstly， humour can lighten the mood.　 　Secondly， humour helps build good relationships.　 　Finally， humour can also help us view difficult situations in a more positive way.　 While-reading 第一步：析架构理清脉络 Skim the passage and fill in the blanks. 第二步：知细节明察秋毫 Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers. 1.Which novel of Mark Twain is mentioned in the passage？（　　） A.The Million Pound Bank Note. B.Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. C.The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. D.The Importance of Humour. 2.Where did the story of Mark Twain happen？（　　） A.At a barber’s shop. B.At a key university. C.At a restaurant. D.At a lecture hall. 3.What was Wang Zengqi famous for？（　　） A.His essay “On Humour”. B.His attitude towards life. C.His own unique brand of humour. D.His good personality. 4.What can we know from the last paragraph？（　　） A.Humour is just about laughter. B.Humour is a way of life. C.Humour is not important in our lives. D.Humour is of no benefit to maintaining our enthusiasm for life. 答案：1－4　CACB 第三步：析难句表达升级 1.When Twain replied that he didn’t，the barber told him that if he wanted to go to the event he would have to stand，as there were no seats left in the theatre. 句式分析：本句为复合句。When Twain replied that he didn’t为　时间状语　从句，that he didn’t为that引导的　宾语　从句；that if he wanted to go to the event he would have to stand，as there were no seats left in the theatre为that引导的　宾语　从句，其中if he wanted to go to the event为if引导的　条件状语　从句，as there were no seats left in the theatre为as引导的　原因状语　从句。 自主翻译：　当马克·吐温回答说没有时，理发师告诉他，如果他想去听演讲就只能站着了，因为剧院里没有多余的座位了。　 2.Both Twain and Wang understood that humour isn’t just about laughter，but is a way of life and a tool that can be used to illuminate the world. 句式分析：本句为复合句that humour isn’t just about laughter，but is a way of life and a tool that can be used to illuminate the world为that引导的　宾语　从句，that can be used to illuminate the world为that引导的　定语　从句，修饰tool。 自主翻译：　马克·吐温和汪曾祺都明白，幽默不仅仅是笑，而是一种生活方式，一种可以用来照亮世界的工具。　 Post-reading 第一步：拓思维品质提升 Discuss the following question with your partner. 　Do you think of yourself as a humorous person？ 　Yes.I’m funny and often mischievous.I am good at making people laugh.　 第二步：课文语法填空 　　Humour has been an essential part of human behaviour for thousands of years. 　　Mark Twain， 1.　an　 American writer， is remembered for his 2.　ability　 （able） to combine humour with more serious messages.Twain’s particular style of writing is 3.　funny　 （fun） and often mischievous.But he is 4.　equally　 （equal） well known for his witty remarks in his everyday interactions with people. 　　Wang Zengqi， a Chinese writer， was also famous for his unique brand of humour.In his essay “On Humour”， he concluded，“The world is full of 5.　amusing　 （amuse） things.”Wang believed humour shows one’s personality 6.　and　 reflects a person’s attitude 7.　towards/to　 life.Once， when a reader ranked him second in Gaoyou’s fame， he gave a gentle response，“Gaoyou salted duck eggs are much more famous than me.” During a US speech， he 8.　joked　 （joke）， “My speech will be as short as a rabbit’s tail.” 　　In conclusion， humour isn’t just about 9.　laughter　 （laugh）， but is a way of life and a tool that can be used 10.　to illuminate　 （illuminate） the world. The Importance of Humour 　　Humour has been an essential① part of human behaviour for thousands of years.There is comedy in the texts of Ancient Greece②， and medieval③ writings are filled with④ jokes.[1]While these same jokes might not be as funny to us now as they were then， their authors understood that humour could not only entertain but also⑤ throw new light on⑥ sensitive or emotive⑦ issues. 　　[1]本句为复合句。While引导让步状语从句。主句中含有that引导的宾语从句，not only ...but also ...连接并列谓语。 　　Closer to modern times， someone who is remembered for his ability to combine⑧ humour with more serious messages⑨ is American writer Mark Twain.Twain’s particular style of writing⑩ is funny and often mischievous⑪.For example， in his classic novel⑫ The Adventures of Tom Sawyer， he famously says， “Writing is easy.[2]All you have to do is cross out⑬ the wrong words.” But he is equally well known for his witty remarks⑭ in his everyday interactions⑮ with people.For instance， while on a lecture tour⑯ of the United States， Twain went into a barber’s shop⑰ to get a haircut and a shave.The barber， not recognising him， asked if he had a ticket to the lecture.When Twain replied that he didn’t， the barber told him that if he wanted to go to the event⑱ he would have to stand， as there were no seats left in the theatre.Twain’s response was， “That’s just my luck.I always have to stand when that fellow lectures！” 　　[2]All作主句主语，其后的定语从句中含有实义动词do的某种形式时，作表语的动词不定式可以省略动词不定式符号to。 　　Like Twain，but on the other side of the world， the Chinese writer Wang Zengqi was soon to become famous for his own unique brand⑲ of humour.[3]In his essay⑳ “On Humour”， Wang used fewer than 600 characters㉑ to introduce several humorous examples of famous people， concluding㉒ that， “The world is full of amusing㉓ things.The thought of them would always make you laugh out loud， even when you’re just sitting by yourself.” 　　Wang believed that humour not only shows one’s personality， but also reflects㉔ a person’s attitude towards life.He himself gives the best example to the word “humour” .One day， one of his readers flattered㉕ him by saying，“Gaoyou is famous for， first， the poet Qin Shaoyou， and second， Wang Zengqi.” Wang didn’t show any displeasure㉖ but only gave a gentle response㉗， “No.Gaoyou salted duck eggs㉘ are much more famous than me.I can only stay in the third place.” On another occasion㉙， Wang was invited to give a speech㉚ in the US and was scheduled㉛ to speak last.He walked to the podium㉜ and began， “[4]Unfortunately， none of today’s speakers have last names㉝ starting with㉞ X， Y， or Z， so I am the last one to speak. Speaking last is difficult because everyone is already very tired.But don’t worry.My speech will be as short as a rabbit’s tail㉟.” 　　[3]句中to introduce several humorous examples of famous people为动词不定式短语作目的状语； concluding that，“The world is ...by yourself.”为动词-ing形式作状语，其中make you laugh out loud为“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构， when引导时间状语从句。 　　[4]句中starting with X， Y， or Z为动词-ing形式作后置定语，相当于定语从句that start with X， Y， or Z ；to speak为动词不定式短语作后置定语。 　　Both Twain and Wang understood that humour isn’t just about laughter， but is a way of life㊱ and a tool that can be used to illuminate㊲ the world.Wang once said，“Life may be like a dream， short and uncertain.But I pour㊳ my true feelings into it.The world gave me its love first， so I cannot help but㊴ love it back.” Life is never smooth㊵ sailing and sometimes can be complicated㊶ and cruel.But humour can help us maintain our enthusiasm㊷ for life.In fact， some may argue that our need for humour is almost as great as our need for water and air.In the words of㊸ Mark Twain，“Humor is mankind’s greatest blessing㊹”. ①essential adj.极其重要的，必不可少的 ②Ancient Greece古希腊 ③medieval adj.中世纪的，中古时期的 ④be filled with充满，装满 ⑤not only ...but also ...不仅……而且…… ⑥throw light on使（某事）显得非常清楚；使人了解（某事） ⑦emotive adj.使情绪激动的 ⑧combine v.使结合，使联合 combine ...with ...把……和……结合起来 ⑨serious message严肃的内容 ⑩particular style of writing特别的写作风格 ⑪mischievous adj.调皮的，淘气的 ⑫classic novel经典小说 ⑬cross out删除，删去（字句） ⑭witty remark机智的言论 ⑮interaction n.交流 ⑯on a lecture tour在巡回演讲 ⑰barber’s shop理发店 ⑱go to the event去参加活动 ⑲brand n.品牌，牌子 brand of ……风格 brand of humour某种类型的幽默 ⑳essay n.短文，论说文；文章 ㉑character n.文字；字母；符号 ㉒conclude v.作出……结论，推断出 ㉓amusing adj.逗人发笑的，好笑的，有趣的 ㉔reflect v.反映；思考 ㉕flatter v.奉承，讨好 ㉖displeasure n.不悦，生气 ㉗response n.（口头的或书面的）回答，答复 ㉘salted duck egg 咸鸭蛋 ㉙on another occasion 另一次 ㉚give a speech 发表演讲 ㉛schedule vt.安排；预定 ㉜podium n.表演台，讲台；讲坛；（乐队的）指挥台 ㉝last name 姓 ㉞start with 以……开始 ㉟tail n.尾巴 ㊱a way of life 一种生活方式 ㊲illuminate v.照亮，照明 ㊳pour v.倾注；倒 ㊴cannot help but do sth禁不住做某事 ㊵smooth adj.顺利的；平滑的；光滑的 ㊶complicated adj.难处理的；难懂的 ㊷enthusiasm n.热情，热忱 ㊸in the words of 用……的话 ㊹blessing n.祝福；好事 参考译文 幽默的重要性 　　数千年来，幽默一直是人类行为的重要组成部分。古希腊的文字记载中有喜剧，笑话也常常出现在中世纪的作品当中。虽然对现在的我们来说，那些笑话可能没有它们在中世纪的时候那么有趣，但它们的作者明白，幽默不只是一种娱乐的方式，它还可以使人们对敏感问题或有争议的问题产生新的认识。 　　到了近现代，美国作家马克·吐温因擅长用幽默的方式表达严肃的内容而著称。他独特的写作风格幽默风趣，而且常常带有调侃意味。例如，在他的经典小说《汤姆·索耶历险记》中有一句名言：“写作很容易，你只需要把错误的单词划掉就行。”但是他日常与人交流中的诙谐言论同样出名。比如，有一次在美国做巡回演讲的时候，马克·吐温走进一家理发店去理发和刮脸。理发师没有认出他，问他有没有这场演讲的门票。当马克·吐温回答说没有时，理发师告诉他，如果他想去听演讲就只能站着了，因为剧院里没有多余的座位了。马克·吐温回答说：“真倒霉。只要那个家伙演讲，我总是要站着！” 　　与马克·吐温一样，但身处世界另一端的中国作家汪曾祺很快以其独特的幽默风格而闻名。在《论幽默》一文中，汪曾祺用不到600个字介绍了几个名人幽默的例子，得出结论：“这个世界充满了有趣的事情。一想到它们就会让你大笑，即使你只是一个人坐着。” 　　汪曾祺认为，幽默不仅表现了一个人的个性，也反映了一个人对待生活的态度，他本人就是“幽默”一词的最佳诠释者。有一天，他的一个读者奉承他说：“高邮出名，一是诗人秦少游，二是汪曾祺。”汪曾祺没有表现出任何不悦，只是淡淡地回应道：“不，高邮咸鸭蛋比我要出名得多。我只能排在第三位。”另一次，汪曾祺应邀在美国发表演讲，排在最后。他走到讲台前，开始演讲：“不幸的是，今天没有一位演讲者的姓氏以X、Y或Z开头，所以我是最后一个演讲的人。最后一个演讲很困难，因为每个人都已经很累了。但别担心。我的演讲会像兔子的尾巴一样短。” 马克·吐温和汪曾祺都明白，幽默不仅仅是笑，而是一种生活方式，一种可以用来照亮世界的工具。汪曾祺曾说：“生活可能像一场梦，短暂而不确定。但我把我的真情实感倾注其中。世界首先给了我它的爱，所以我情不自禁地爱它。”生活从来都不是一帆风顺的，有时会变得复杂而残酷。但幽默可以帮助我们保持对生活的热情。事实上，有人可能会认为我们对幽默的需求几乎和我们对水和空气的需求一样大。用马克·吐温的话说，“幽默是人类头等的幸事”。 Ⅰ.词块默写 1.　acquire international fame　　获得国际声誉 2.　in particular　　　尤其；特别 3.　combine humour with more serious messages　 将幽默和更严肃的信息相结合 4.　a classic novel　　　一部经典小说 5.　cross out　　　划掉；删掉 6.　an interaction with people　　　与人们的交流 7.　a master of humour　　　一位幽默大师 8.　give a speech　　　发表演讲 9.　shake one’s head　　　摇头 Ⅱ.课文原句默写 1.For instance， 　while on a lecture tour of the United States　， Twain went into a barber’s shop to get a haircut and a shave. 比如，有一次在美国做巡回演讲的时候，马克·吐温走进一家理发店去理发和刮脸。 2.Wang believed that humour not only shows one’s personality， 　but also reflects a person’s attitude towards life　. 汪曾祺认为，幽默不仅表现了一个人的个性，也反映了一个人对待生活的态度。 核心词汇集释 1.combine vt.& vi.组合；（使）联合 教材原句　Closer to modern times， someone who is remembered for his ability to combine humour with more serious messages is American writer Mark Twain. 到了近现代，美国作家马克·吐温因擅长用幽默的方式表达严肃的内容而著称。 【用法】 （1）combine ...with/and ...把……和……结合起来 combine to do sth　联合起来做某事；联合起来促成某事 combine against　　联合起来反对 （2）combination n.　　联合；结合 in combination with　　联合起来；在联合中 【佳句】　You’d better combine exercise with a healthy diet.Only when exercise is combined with a healthy diet can you keep really fit. 你最好把运动和健康饮食结合起来。只有运动与健康的饮食相结合，你才能保持真正的健康。 （建议信） 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①She is a genius because she has successfully combined a career 　with/and　 bringing up a family. ②Several environmental groups combined 　against　 the construction of the factory to protect the local ecosystem. 【写美】　完成句子 ③I’m sure 　this combination of work and learning　 will make for a productive and meaningful summer. 我相信这种工作和学习的结合将使这个夏天富有成效且有意义。（演讲稿） 2.remark n.言论；意见，评论vt.评论，谈论 教材原句　But he is equally well known for his witty remarks in his everyday interactions with people. 但是他日常与人交流中的诙谐言论同样出名。 【用法】 （1）make a remark/comment on 　　　　　　　　就……发表评论 （2）remark/comment on/upon 就……发表评论 remark that ...　　评论说……；主张…… （3）remarkable adj.　　卓越的，非凡的，显著的 【佳句】　During the discussion， she made a remark on how technology has changed our daily lives. 在讨论中，她就科技如何改变我们的日常生活发表了评论。 （告知信） 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①With the 　remarkable　 （remark） development of science and technology， China has become more powerful than ever before. ②The similarity between them has often been remarked 　on/upon　. 【写美】　完成句子 ③When she has to 　make a remark on others　， she usually changes the topic.（remark n.） 当她不得不评论他人的时候，她通常会改变话题。 3.conclude v.作出……结论，推断出；结束，终止 教材原句　In his essay “On Humour”， Wang used fewer than 600 characters to introduce several humorous examples of famous people， concluding that，“The world is full of amusing things.The thought of them would always make you laugh out loud， even when you’re just sitting by yourself.” 在《论幽默》一文中，汪曾祺用不到600个字介绍了几个名人幽默的例子，得出结论：“这个世界充满了有趣的事情。一想到它们就会让你大笑，即使你只是一个人坐着。” 【用法】 （1）conclude （...） with ... 以……结束（……） conclude from ...that ... 　　从……中得出…… It is concluded that ...　　结论是…… （2）conclusion n.　　　结论；推论；结尾，结束 in conclusion 　　最后，总之，综上所述 come to/arrive at/reach/draw a conclusion　　得出结论 jump/leap to conclusions 匆忙下结论 【佳句】　（人教选必一） She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties. 她得出结论，煮沸青蒿显然破坏了它的药用特性。 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）Each chapter concludes 　with　 a collection of practices， which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. ②Learning foreign languages calls for time， patience， and emotion.　In conclusion/To conclude　 （总而言之）， it’s not a simple thing. 【写美】　一句多译 ③从这件事中我们可以得出这样的结论：我们应该珍惜当下，充实地过好每一天。 →From the incident we 　arrive at/come to/reach/draw the conclusion that we should cherish the present moment　 and live every day to the fullest.（conclusion ） →We 　conclude from the incident that we should cherish the present moment　 and live every day to the fullest.（conclude） 重点句型解构 ◇句型公式：省略 to的动词不定式作表语 教材原句　All you have to do is cross out the wrong words.你只需要把错误的单词划掉就行。 【用法】 主语部分含有实义动词do的某种形式时，作表语的动词不定式可省略to。动词不定式作表语时省略to的常见情况如下： （1）all作主句主语，其后的定语从句中含有实义动词do的某种形式时，常用省略to的动词不定式作表语； （2）what引导的从句作主语，从句中含有实义动词do的某种形式时，常用省略to的动词不定式作表语； （3）（主句）主语为the only， the first， the least或形容词最高级等以及主语被这些词修饰，且其后作定语的从句或短语中含有实义动词do的某种形式时，常用省略to的动词不定式作表语。 【佳句】　All you have to do is hand in your homework before the class starts. 你所要做的就是在上课前交作业。 【写美】　翻译句子 ①我睡觉前做的第一件事就是规划第二天的日程。 （告知信） 　The first thing I do before going to bed is plan my schedule for the next day.　 ②你必须要做的就是在截止日期前提交你的申请。 （告知信） 　What you have to do is submit your application before the deadline.　 ③我们需要做的就是互相支持，以克服我们面临的任何挑战。 （演讲稿） 　All we need to do is support each other to overcome any challenges we face.　 ④目前你唯一能做的事情是等待进一步的消息。 （建议信） 　For the moment the only thing you can do is wait for further news.　 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.It is important for you to understand these basic maths 　concepts　（概念）. 2.Effective communication is an 　essential　 （极其重要的） part of building strong relationships in any career. 3.Xian Xinghai is one of the most famous 　composers　（作曲家） in modern and contemporary Chinese music history. 4.The famous actor went into a barber’s shop to get a haircut and a shave　 but was not recognised by the barber. 5.The maths problem is so complicated　 that most of the students in the class can’t understand it. Ⅱ.完成句子 1.The Mid-Autumn Festival， as the name suggests， 　falls on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month　 （适逢农历八月十五）. 2.All we need to do is 　focus on our goals　 （专注于我们的目标） and work hard to achieve them. 维度一：品句填词 1.Don’t you think it’s 　cruel　 （残忍的） to cage a creature up？ 2.Feeling anxious is not the problem； avoiding social 　interactions　 （交流） is the problem. 3.It is essential for us to know that cloning animals is quite 　complicated　 （难处理的）. 4.Actually， what you state in your 　essay　 （文章） is not relevant to the issue. 5.Her 　enthusiasm　 （热情） for the job makes up for her lack of experience. 6.I feel really guilty because I made some cruel 　remarks　 （评论） too， but I dislike seeing our team lose. 7.Hofman’s inspiration came from Chinese folk tales　 passed down through generations. 8.In one study， an 8-year-old boy concluded　 that the robot stopped talking to him because the robot liked his brothers better. 9.When the middle-aged man was visiting his girlfriend， he was demanded to shave　 his beard. 10.It is worthwhile to join the Literature Club， where you are exposed to world-famous literary　 masterpieces， ranging from detective stories， fairy tales to poems. 维度二：词形转换 1.In 　conclusion　 （conclude）， only with joint efforts can we have a better tomorrow. 2.When coming across 　complicated　 （complicate） problems， he would remain calm and deal with them calmly. 3.When I saw them 　whispering　 （whisper） to each other， I knew there was something funny going on. 4.I have been to many big cities， all of which have left a deep 　impression　 （impress） on me. 5.To mark the 140th anniversary of the school， the school magazine launched a writing contest whose theme was celebrating the 　remarkable　 （remark） achievements. 6.Bill’s so 　amusing　 （amuse） because he often tells jokes when he thinks we’re getting bored. 7.The singer’s performance was so 　emotive　 （emotion） that it brought tears to the audience. 8.The beatings and the 　cruelty　 （cruel） of the guards had a deep effect on Elias. 9.The book deserves 　rereading/to be reread　 （reread） because it is so interesting and informative. 10.The young woman laid the baby down 　gently　 （gentle） on the bed. 维度三：固定搭配和句式 1.I become worried and afraid that I will 　fall behind　 （落后） in English. 2.　What made her happy　 （使她高兴的事） was that she won the first place in such an important match. 3.I 　crossed out　 （删掉） another Jeanne from my long list. 4.Next Monday， our monitor will 　give a speech　 （发表演讲） about environmental protection. 5.At the back of the classroom 　sat some parents　 （坐着一些家长）， who came here for some reasons. 6.We’ll put off the meeting till next week， 　when we won’t be so occupied with our work　 （那时我们就不会如此忙于工作了）. 7.The man stopped in a village after a long journey， 　tired and hungry　 （又累又饿）. 8.　Sharing jokes　 （分享笑话） can make people present feel relaxed. 9.Humour is thought to be a tool 　which/that can make us have a good mood　 （使我们有一个好心情）. 10.The Americans and the British 　not only speak the same language　 （不但说相同的语言）， but （also） share a large number of social customs. 维度四：一词多义/熟词生义 快速阅读下列句子并选出句中加蓝词汇对应的意思 1.spot A.v.发现　 B.n.污点　　C.n.地点；处所 ①（2022·北京卷）I stepped to the doorway of the classroom to take a break.Suddenly， I spotted a movement of the heavy wooden door. 　　A　 ②（2023·全国乙卷）They reached the shooting spot later than expected. 　　C　 ③Some of the spots on your trousers are hard to remove. 　　B　 快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加蓝词汇的意思 2.We， as fellows on this project， need to cooperate closely to ensure its success. 　n.同事　 3.They were branded as liars and cheats. 　v.加上……的恶名　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　Most funny stories are based on comic situations.In spite of national differences， certain funny situations have a universal attraction.No matter where you live， you would find it difficult not to laugh at， say Charlie Chaplin’s early films.However， a new type of humour， which starts largely from the US， has recently come into fashion.It is called “sick humour”. 　　Comedians base their jokes on tragic situations like violent deaths or serious accidents.The following “sick humour” will enable you to amuse yourself. 　　A man who had broken his right leg was taken to hospital a few weeks before Christmas.From the moment he arrived there， he kept on bothering his doctor to tell him when he would be able to go home.He was afraid of having to spend Christmas in hospital.Though the doctor did his best， the patient’s recovery was slow.On Christmas Day， the man still had his right leg in plaster （石膏）. 　　He spent a miserable day in bed thinking of all the fun he was missing.The following day， however， the doctor consoled him by telling him that his chances of being able to leave hospital in time for New Year celebrations were good.The man took heart and， sure enough， on New Year’s Eve he was able to hobble （蹒跚） along to a party.To make up for his unpleasant experiences in hospital， the man drank a little more than what was good for him.In the process， he enjoyed himself thoroughly and kept telling everybody how much he hated hospitals.He was still murmuring something about hospitals at the end of the party when he slipped on a piece of ice and broke his left leg. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了当前流行的一种新的幽默。 1.What can we infer from the passage？（　　） A.No pain， no gain. B.Extreme joy begets sorrow. C.Once a thief， always a thief. D.Good medicine tastes bitter. 解析：B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的To make up for ... broke his left leg.可推知，这名男子是乐极生悲的。 2.What’s the main idea of the passage？（　　） A.A new kind of humour came into being. B.How to cure your legs is important. C.Christmas is more necessary than anything else. D.Holding a party is interesting for the westerners. 解析：A　主旨大意题。根据第一段内容可知，这篇文章的主旨是介绍当前流行的一种新的幽默。 3.Which of the following is RIGHT according to the passage？（　　） A.All the humour stories are funny in spite of different nationalities. B.One can realise the humour of the stories in his own country. C.Charlie Chaplin made it difficult to laugh at his action. D.Almost all the audience can be made to laugh at some famous comedians’ actions. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的In spite of ...Chaplin’s early films.可知，几乎所有的观众都能被一些著名喜剧演员的动作逗笑。 4.What does the underlined word “consoled” in the last paragraph mean？（　　） A.Comforted.　 B.Overcame. C.Confused.　 D.Disturbed. 解析：A　词义猜测题。根据画线单词所在句可推知，此处为医生安慰他说，他能够及时出院参加新年庆祝活动的机会很大。故可猜测画线单词consoled意为“安慰”。A项Comforted与其意思一致。 B 　　Telling jokes requires intelligence， creativity， imagination and the ability to tell a story， while listening to jokes is more passive behaviour but one that demands attention， intelligence and being in the right mood in order to enjoy jokes.Besides， there are also clear similarities between joke tellers and appreciators.A new study takes this further and tries to find other connections between creating humour and appreciating humour. 　　The author carried on the cartoon caption （字幕） task.159 participants were shown more than 30 cartoons without captions and were asked to come up with a funny caption for each one of them.Later， independent judges classified those captions based on how funny they were. 　　The results showed that those who produced the funniest captions also produced more captions overall.What was more interesting was that creating funny captions was negatively related to appreciation of humour.In other words， funny people tend to find jokes less funny than other people do.It is not clear why this is the case， but it might be because creators of great humour have higher standards of humour creativity and expect higher levels of creativity from people who tell jokes， compared to those who are not so good at creating humour. 　　Moreover， outgoing people and those who are open to new experiences found the cartoons funnier， but surprisingly， outgoing people are less likely to be funny.This is consistent with my own research that comedians were more introverted than the general population.They usually don’t like to express themselves in social situations. 　　Appreciation and production of humour are two different cognitive （认知的） tasks， each with unique characteristics.This is why when someone tells you he or she has a great sense of humour， you may ask， “Are you good at telling jokes or do you tend to laugh more？” 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了讲笑话的人和欣赏笑话的人的共同之处是聪明才智，一项新的研究对此进行了进一步研究，并试图找到创造幽默和欣赏幽默之间的其他联系。文章解释了研究开展的过程以及研究的发现。 5.What qualities do joke tellers and appreciators have in common？（　　） A.Attention.　 B.Creativity. C.Imagination.　 D.Intelligence. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的Telling jokes requires ... to enjoy jokes.可知，讲笑话的人和欣赏笑话的人的共同之处是聪明才智。 6.What is paragraph 2 mainly about？（　　） A.The results of the study. B.The process of the study. C.The judgement of the study. D.The importance of the study. 解析：B　段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，本段主要介绍研究的过程。 7.According to the text， outgoing people 　　.（　　） A.are good at appreciating humour B.are more likely to be comedians C.are more likely to be funny D.are unwilling to express themselves in social situations 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第四段第一句可推知，外向的人善于欣赏幽默。 8.What does the underlined word “introverted” in paragraph 4 mean？（　　） A.Being very successful. B.Being easy to talk to. C.Being quiet and shy. D.Being kind to others. 解析：C　词义猜测题。根据第四段最后一句可知，喜剧演员通常不喜欢在社交场合表达自己，说明他们比较安静和害羞。因此，画线词意为“内向的”。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 The Healing Power of Humor 　　As a heart doctor， I have to deliver a lot of bad news.9.（　　） Not only can it help lift patients’ spirits up， but it actually helps them recover faster.There is tons of scientific evidence that patients who are depressed after heart operations have a higher death rate， and optimistic patients have significantly fewer wound infections.Laughter can cultivate that optimism， and it truly is the best medicine in many ways： 　　It relaxes patients. 　　Medical operations usually make patients feel nervous.Some may sweat， have chest pain and feel unusually strong or irregular heartbeats.10.（　　） When people use humor， the nervous system just tones down a bit， and that allows the heart to relax. 　　It calms fear. 　　People are scared of their bodies.Humor can crack through the ice and take the fear away.For example， I have to tell patients about the risk of cognitive impairment （认知损伤） after operations.11.（　　） So I tell them in a humorous way that it’s usually just like forgetting second grade.People understand what that means， and it doesn’t seem quite as frightening. 　　12.（　　） 　　After an open-heart operation， a patient might say， “Doctor， my chest really hurts.” And I’ll smile and say， “Oh， does it feel like someone opened you up， cut the bone and operated in there？” That tells them the pain is normal and they are going to be fine.So they take their minds off their troubles and worry less. 　　It helps doctors. 　　13.（　　） When we give the news， we are supposed to help patients in a humane way.A good sense of humor is just like a weapon， and it can beat the difficult situation.As a matter of fact， humor benefits doctors as well.Plus， it is a better way to enjoy life. A.It removes pain. B.It eases worries. C.Humor is a wonderful tool. D.They’re terrified， fearing the worst. E.Laughter changes our body chemistry. F.Breaking bad news is never a pleasant task. G.Others may even feel like they are choking. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了幽默的治愈力，它能够使病人放松，平息恐惧，减轻忧虑以及帮助医生。 9.C　根据空后一句可知，C项（幽默是一个很好的工具）符合语境。空后一句中的it指代的是Humor。 10.G　上文指出医疗手术会让患者感到紧张，并具体指出了有些人紧张的表现，空处承接上文，指出其他人紧张的表现，F项（其他人甚至可能感觉自己要窒息）符合语境。some和others相呼应。 11.D　根据上文For example， I have to tell patients about the risk of cognitive impairment （认知损伤） after operations.可知，D项（他们很害怕，害怕最坏的情况）符合语境。承接上文说明医生告诉病人病情后的心理反应。 12.B　根据下文That tells them the pain ... troubles and worry less.可知，B项（幽默减轻担忧）符合语境。 13.F　根据本段标题It helps doctors.可知，幽默可以帮助医生，下文指出当医生公布坏消息时，应该以人性化的方式帮助患者，这是因为公布坏消息是令人不愉快的，F项（公布坏消息从来都不是一件令人愉快的任务）符合语境。 Ⅲ.应用文写作 　　你校英语周刊的What’s Funny栏目正在征稿。请你写一篇短文投稿，介绍一位你认识的有趣的人，内容包话： 　　（1）人物简介；（2）主要事迹。 注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；（2）请按如下格式作答。 A funny person I know 　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 参考范文： A funny person I know 　　My cousin has a unique sense of humor， coupled with an extraordinary talent for drawing cartoons. He excels at capturing subtle features and creating imaginative， humorous exaggerations in his portraits. He often paints portraits for people on the street and surprises them with his funny yet vivid paintings， evoking bursts of laughter from subjects. Even the onlookers will be laughing their heads off. Remarkably， he adopts an unconventional payment approach — you pay him whatever you think the painting is worth. Sometimes a painting can earn him 2，000 yuan， perhaps reflecting the value that happiness adds to people’s lives！ 16 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $