UNIT 6 Section Ⅱ Using language(教用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册(外研版)
Section Ⅱ Using language
省略
The 8.1-magnitude earthquake that hit Nepal on 25 April 2015, was one of the worst (earthquakes)① in history.When informed of the news②, China was quick to start organising emergency aid.
International rescue teams soon began to arrive in the country.Among all the international heavy rescue teams, the China International Search and Rescue Team (CISAR) was the first (international heavy rescue team)③ to arrive.Consisting of 62 people, it not only included rescuers and medical staff, but (also)④ included earthquake experts.By early May, emergency aid worth 9.7 million US dollars had been donated by China, with a further round (of emergency aid)⑤ to follow.All these showed (that)⑥ China is a country with a high sense of responsibility.
英语中的省略是一种避免重复、保持句子简洁的语法现象,如加黑处①、③、⑤;加黑处②是英语中常见的状语从句的省略;加黑处④是固定结构not only ... but (also)中的省略现象;加黑处⑥是宾语从句中连接词的省略。
——运用“形式—意义—使用”相结合的三维动态语法观
为了避免重复,或为了使句子更简练,在一些句子中常常省去一个或某几个成分,这种语法现象在英语中叫省略。在英语句子中,常见的省略情况有以下几种:
一、简单句中的省略
【先感悟】
①(I) Beg your pardon?
②—Do you know Miss Gao?
—I don’t know (her).
③(You come) This way, please.
④(Have you) Got any ink?
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【会发现】
以上的简单句中均使用了省略。
句①省略的 主语 (I);
句②省略了 宾语 (her);
句③省略了 主语 (You)和 谓语 (come);
句④省略了 主语 (you)和 谓语 的一部分(have)。
【善归纳】
1.省略主语:一般情况下,主语是不能省略的,但在祈使句和其他不容易引起歧义的情况下,特别是在口语中,主语常常省略,主要是祈使句中的you和疑问句中的主语。如句①。
2.省略宾语:当前后两个句子的宾语一致时,后句常省略宾语。如句②。
3.省略主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分):在某些具体的场合下,主语和谓语都很明确,此时为了简化或显得亲切等,可将主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分)同时省略,只剩下表语、宾语、状语或其他成分。如句③、句④。
【运用练】 补全下列省略句
①Have a seat, please!
→ You have a seat, please!
②Sounds like a good idea.
→ It sounds like a good idea.
③Let’s do the dishes.I’ll wash and you dry.
→Let’s do the dishes.I’ll wash and you dry them/the dishes .
④Anything I can do for you?
→ Is there anything I can do for you?
二、并列句中的省略
【先感悟】
①I picked up a book and (I) put it on the desk.
②Jack must have been playing football and Mary (must have been) doing her homework.
③His words made me happy, but (his words made) Jim angry.
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④I was born in winter in 2003 and Bob (was born in winter) in 2004.
【会发现】
以上的并列句中均使用了省略。
句①省略了共同的 主语 (I);
句②省略了 情态动词 和 助动词 (must have been);
句③省略了第二个分句的 主语 和 谓语 (his words made);
句④省略了第二个分句的 谓语 和 状语 (was born in winter)。
【善归纳】
在由and或but连接的并列句中,常省略一些重复的词或词组。
1.省略共同的主语或宾语。如句①。
2.若主语不同,而谓语部分的系动词、助动词或情态动词相同,则省略后面的系动词、助动词或情态动词。如句②。
3.若主语与谓语动词相同,则省略后面的主谓成分。如句③。
4.若主语不同,但主要动词及后续部分相同,则省略主要动词及后续部分。如句④。
【运用练】 写出下列句中可以省略的部分
①Some of us study Japanese, and others study English. others后的study
②He gave up drinking several months ago, but he returned to his old way later. but后的he
③My friend didn’t come to school, but I wonder why he didn’t come to school. he didn’t come to school
三、复合句中的省略
1.状语从句的省略
【先感悟】
①As (it is) scheduled, we participated in several instructive activities.
②His opinion, whether (it is) right or wrong, would be considered.
③You shouldn’t go to his party unless(you are)invited.
④They used more water than (it was) necessary.
⑤He runs as fast as Bob (runs).
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