UNIT 4 Section Ⅲ Using Language(教用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版）

本讲义围绕“志愿者活动”与“中国对外援助”核心主题，通过听力清障（如organise donations等短语）、听力测试与填空（技能训练）、核心词汇（如take for granted, disability）及重点句型（not only...but also...）解析，构建从语言输入到演讲写作输出的学习支架，衔接听力理解、词汇运用与语篇表达。 资料亮点在于融合语言能力与文化意识培养，听力二次开发（测试+填空）提升信息获取与表达能力，演讲写作结合中国援助案例（如坦桑尼亚医疗援助）增强人类命运共同体意识。核心词汇句型的“用法+练透+写美”设计助力学习能力提升，课中辅助分层教学，课后便于学生巩固查漏。

Section Ⅲ　Using Language Part Ⅰ　Meet student volunteers 一、听力清障 1.organise donations 组织捐款 2.volunteer projects 志愿者项目 3.school supplies 学校用品 4.clean up the community 清理社区 5 pick up litter 捡垃圾 6.take down ads from walls 从墙上撕下广告 7.a medical charity 医疗慈善机构 8.contact a children’s hospital 联系一家儿童医院 9.contact the community office 联络社区办事处 10.nursing homes 养老院 二、教材听力二次开发 （一）听力测试 Listen to the conversation in the textbook and choose the best answers to the following questions. 1.Why does Tony want to volunteer in China？（　　） A.Tony used to volunteer at his hometown. B.Tony is interested in special volunteer projects. C.Tony is willing to help poor students in China. 2.What does Peipei think of Wang Li’s first suggestion？（　　） A.Peipei thinks it absurd. B.Peipei thinks it practical and meaningful. C.Peipei thinks it necessary to do something different. 3.What projects does Tony’s school take part in？（　　） A.Raising money for charities. B.Taking down ads from walls. C.Serving food to children in hospitals. 答案：1－3　ACA （二）听力填空 Listen to the conversation in the textbook again and fill in the blanks with the words you hear. Tony：Hi！ Is this the meeting for student 1.　volunteers　？ Wang Li：Hi， Tony！ Yes， it is！ Tony：Oh， hi， Wang Li！ I used to volunteer at my high school in America， so I wanted to try it here in China. Peipei：We’re glad you’re here！ Our meeting today is to talk about what kind of volunteer project we should do this term. Wang Li：Peipei， may I suggest that we do something for schools 2.　in poor areas　？ Perhaps we could organise donations of things such as pens and notebooks， or other school supplies for poor students. Peipei：Good idea， but we did that last year. Wouldn’t it be better if we did 3.　something different　 this year， like organising students to volunteer their time？ Wang Li：Like what？ Peipei：Well， like cleaning up the community， taking down ads from walls， and 4.　picking up litter.It might be a good idea 5.　to contact the community office　 and ask how we can help.Do you guys have any other ideas？ Wang Li：How about writing to some nursing homes to see if they need someone to spend time with the elderly people？ We can play games， sing， or just chat！ Tony：That sounds like one of my school’s volunteer 6.　projects　. Wang Li：Really？ What other volunteer projects does your school take part in？ Tony：Oh， all kinds.Every year， our whole school 7.　raises money　 to give to a different charity.For instance， we donated to a medical charity last year， and to an education charity before that.We raise money in different ways， such as by making and selling things， or holding a marathon and asking people to promise 8.　to donate　 for every kilometre we run.We also have weekly volunteer groups. Peipei：That sounds interesting！ What do the groups do？ Tony：Well， on Fridays， there are student volunteers who help serve food to homeless people.And on Saturday mornings， a group of students goes to a children’s hospital to 9.　cheer up　 all the little kids there. Wang Li：Hey， I was also thinking we could contact 10.　a children’s hospital　 and ask how we could help.How does that idea sound， Peipei？ Peipei：I love that idea！ Thanks， Tony and Wang Li！ Tony：No problem， I’m glad to help.Volunteering is something we should all do. Part Ⅱ　Make a speech about China’s aid to other countries 1.What is the function of paragraph 2？（　　） A.To explain how China helps other countries. B.To introduce the topic of the speech. C.To show where Chinese workers are. D.To praise the contributions China has made. 2.How does the author introduce the topic？（　　） A.By showing examples. B.By making a comparison. C.By asking questions. D.By giving data. 3.What can we infer from the text？（　　） A.The writer isn’t proud of her mother’s work. B.We have built a community with a shared future. C.The writer might volunteer to help those abroad. D.The writer doesn’t like being a volunteer. 4.What’s Bingbing’s attitude towards her mother’s work as a volunteer in the end？（　　） A.Opposed.　 B.Bored. C.Favorable.　 D.Worried. 答案：1－4　BCCC 核心词汇集释 1.take （...） for granted 认为（……）是理所当然；对（……）不予重视 教材原句　And， while the country is quite beautiful and has much natural wealth， many of the people are quite poor and live without things we take for granted， such as electricity， running water， cars and good transport systems， and supermarkets. 此外，尽管这个国家风景美丽、物产丰饶，但许多人仍然十分贫穷；我们认为理所当然的东西，在他们的生活中都没有，比如电、自来水、汽车和便捷的交通系统，以及超市。 【用法】 take it for granted that ...理所当然地认为…… take ...seriously　　认真对待…… take one’s time　　不用急；慢慢来 take pride in　　为……感到自豪 take charge of　　负责，掌管 take advantage of　　利用 【佳句】　Some people may take your kindness for granted and turn to you for help. 有些人可能会认为你的善良是理所当然的，并向你寻求帮助。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Some of us always take 　it　 for granted that our parents or grandparents should take care of us. 【写美】　完成句子 ②From the experience I learned an important lesson — see difficulties as a kind of test and 　take them seriously　.（主旨升华） 从这次经历中我学到了重要的一课——把困难看作是一种考验，并认真对待它们。 2.disability n.缺陷；障碍 教材原句　My mother also does a circuit of the rural villages to provide medical treatment， help those with disabilities， and provide consultation and training for local doctors. 我妈妈还到偏远的农村巡诊，提供医疗服务，帮助残疾人，并为当地医生提供咨询和培训。 【用法】 （1）with disabilities　　有残疾的 （2）disable vt.　　使伤残；使失去能力 disabled adj. 　　有残疾的；丧失能力的 the disabled　　残疾人 （3）able adj.　　能够的；有才能的 ability n.　　能力；才能 【佳句】　He began to understand that there were many people like him. He came to adapt himself to his disability.他开始明白，像他这样的人有很多。他开始适应自己的残疾了。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Volunteers often help those 　with　 disabilities integrate into the community and feel a sense of belonging. ②We should show more care and respect to the 　disabled　 （disable） as they face many challenges in their daily lives. 【写美】　完成句子 ③In many ways， 　my disability has made me grow more and more independent　. 在很多方面，我的残疾使我变得越来越独立。 3.consultation n.咨询；咨询会 【用法】 （1）in consultation with　经与……磋商 （2）consult with　　与……商量/向……咨询 consult （with） sb about/on sth　　就某事和某人商量 consult sb about sth 　　就某事咨询某人 consult a dictionary　　查字典 （3）consultant n.　　顾问；咨询者 【佳句】　I made up my mind to major in English in the future after consultation with my parents and teachers.与我的父母和老师商量后，我下定决心将来主修英语专业。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Before making a major investment decision， he always consults 　with　 his financial advisor. ②The company wanted to hire him as their 　consultant　 （consult）， but he refused. 【写美】　完成句子 ③If you want to improve your language skills， you should 　consult a dictionary　 whenever you come across words you don’t know. 如果你想提高语言技能，每当遇到不认识的单词时，你都应该查阅词典。 重点句型解构 ◇句型公式：not only ...but （also） ... 教材原句　Now， not only are Tanzanians helped by the hospital， but people in neighbouring countries are helped as well. 现在，有了医院，不仅坦桑尼亚人得到了帮助，而且周边国家的人们也因此受益。 【用法】 （1）not only ...but （also） ...用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，意为“不仅……而且……”，其中的also有时可以省略。 （2）not only ...but （also） ...连接两个句子，且not only置于句首时，not only后面的句子要用部分倒装。 （3）not only ...but （also） ...连接的两个并列成分作主语时，其谓语动词通常与邻近的主语保持一致，即遵循“就近一致”原则。 【品悟】　Not only does ocean offer us sufficient food， but it also maintains the balance of nature. 海洋不仅为我们提供了充足的食物，而且保持了自然的平衡。 【写美】　完成句子 ①Not only 　did we learn more about British culture and customs　， but we also learned about the British lifestyle. 我们不仅了解了更多的英国文化和风俗习惯，还了解了英国人的生活方式。 ②As for my hobby， I am crazy about traveling. By traveling， 　not only can I broaden my horizons but I can also make many good friends　. 至于我的爱好，我非常喜欢旅游。通过旅游，我不但能开阔视野，而且能交到许多好朋友。 Step 1｜品教材课文 　　Hello！ My name is Zhan Bingbing. 　　[1]Lately， all of us have seen Chinese people on TV in far-off places in the world，helping other countries to develop.We see Chinese workers building roads in the Congo， a port in Pakistan， railways in Panama， and an airport in Sri Lanka.And we see Chinese miners， oil workers， agricultural experts， mechanics， and doctors working in nearly every corner of the world.And some people may ask，“Is it worth it？ Why help people overseas when China has many areas that are still in need of development？” 　　[1]这是一个简单句。动词-ing短语helping other countries to develop作伴随状语。 　　I had the same questions myself.But for me， it was much more personal.You see，my mother is a medical doctor，and for the last two years，she has been working as a volunteer consultant in Tanzania， Africa， as a part of a medical team sent by the Chinese government. 　　To be honest， when my mother first left for Africa， I was upset.My mother cooked me dinner every night， and she took good care of me.But more importantly， she was my best friend.We talked together， we spent our leisure time together， and except for school and work， we were never apart.So I was unhappy about her leaving without even asking for my input. 　　[2]But then I began to hear about the work she was doing in Tanzania， a country that has many health problems， and now I am singing a different tune.Many dangerous diseases which are rare in China are quite commonly contracted in Tanzania.And， while the country is quite beautiful and has much natural wealth， many of the people are quite poor and live without things we take for granted， such as electricity， running water，cars and good transport systems，and supermarkets.One project that my mother worked on was helping to build a cardiac hospital.Prior to this， if a Tanzanian had a heart condition and needed surgery， they would have to go abroad.Since this was quite expensive， many people went without medical treatment and some even died.Now， not only are Tanzanians helped by the hospital，but people in neighbouring countries are helped as well.It has made a big difference to their lives.My mother also does a circuit of the rural villages to provide medical treatment， help those with disabilities，and provide consultation and training for local doctors.In addition， her team has given patients a new malaria treatment invented in China， and this has saved many lives. 　　[2]这是一个由and连接的并列句。在第一个分句中，she was doing in Tanzania是省略了关系代词which/that的定语从句，修饰先行词the work；that has many health problems也是定语从句，修饰先行词country。 　　Today， I want to relay to you that I’m proud of the work my mother has done， and I am now supportive of it.Is her work worth it？ Yes， to the lives of the people she is helping， it is worth it.But by any criteria this work is worth it to us as well， because it shows that we are global citizens interested in world stability，and that we feel responsible for others and are ready to build a community with a shared future for mankind.Everyone deserves a fair chance in life.When I think of all the things that we as Chinese citizens can be most proud of，helping others comes at the top of this list.Now that I understand how important my mother’s work is， I’ve decided to become a volunteer myself to help people in other lands.In the future， I pray that you will do the same. 　　Thank you！ Step 2｜析写作手法 学语言 　　文章第二段使用了动词-ing短语作伴随状语（helping other countries to develop）和定语从句（that are still in need of development）。 　　第三段使用了过去分词短语作后置定语（sent by the Chinese government）。 　　第五段使用了while引导的让步状语从句（while the country is quite beautiful and has much natural wealth），动词-ing短语作表语（helping to build a cardiac hospital）和部分倒装句（not only are Tanzanians helped by the hospital）。 　　第六段使用了省略that的定语从句（my mother has done）和Now that引导的原因状语从句（Now that I understand how important my mother’s work is），这些高级句式和语法的运用使得文章精彩纷呈。 学结构 　　该文本是一篇典型的演讲稿，主题是宣讲我国对其他国家的援助。 　　演讲者首先以大家熟悉的援助事例开篇，并用一个设问抛出演讲者对援助工作的价值的思考。 　　然后，从个人的角度展现自己从一开始的不理解到后来的完全认同并引以为傲的心路历程，穿插叙述了自己的母亲在非洲当地所做的贡献，真实地反映了中国进行国际援助的作用和意义。 　　最后，从共建人类命运共同体的高度坚定了自己将来投身国际援助事业的决心，并提出倡议，号召更多人加入国际志愿者的行列。 参考译文 　　大家好！我的名字叫詹冰冰。 　　最近，大家都在电视上看到中国人在世界各个遥远的地方帮助其他国家发展。我们看到中国工人在刚果修建公路，在巴基斯坦修建港口，在巴拿马修建铁路，在斯里兰卡修建机场。我们看到中国的矿工、石油工人、农业专家、机械师和医生几乎在世界的每个角落忙碌着。有些人可能会问：“这值得吗？在中国许多地区仍然需要发展的时候，为什么要帮助外国人民呢？” 　　我自己也有同样的疑问。然而，对我来说，它更多与我个人有关。你看，我妈妈是一名医生，在过去的两年里，她作为中国政府派遣的医疗队的一员，一直在非洲坦桑尼亚当一位志愿顾问。 　　说实话，当我妈妈第一次去非洲的时候，我很难过。我妈妈每天晚上都给我做饭，无微不至地照顾我。但更重要的是，她是我最好的朋友。我们一起聊天，一起度过闲暇时光，除了上学和上班，我们从未分开过。所以对她甚至没征求我的意见就（决定）离开，我感到很不开心。 　　但是之后我开始听到她在坦桑尼亚的工作。那里有很多健康问题，所以现在我有了不同的看法。很多在中国罕见的危险疾病在坦桑尼亚是很容易感染上的。此外，尽管这个国家风景美丽、物产丰饶，但许多人仍然十分贫穷；我们认为理所当然的东西，在他们的生活中都没有，比如电、自来水、汽车和便捷的交通系统，以及超市。我妈妈参与的一个项目是帮助他们建造一所心脏专科医院。在这之前，如果一个坦桑尼亚人患有心脏疾病需要手术的话，就不得不出国。由于出国费用高昂，许多人得不到治疗，甚至有人死亡。现在，有了医院，不仅坦桑尼亚人得到了帮助，而且周边国家的人们也因此受益。这极大地改变了他们的生活。我妈妈还到偏远的农村巡诊，提供医疗服务，帮助残疾人，并为当地医生提供咨询和培训。此外，她的团队还为患者提供了中国研发的新型疟疾疗法，从而挽救了许多生命。 　　今天我想告诉你们的是，我为我妈妈所做的工作感到骄傲，我现在也非常支持她的工作。她的工作值得吗？是的，对得到她帮助的人的生命来说，这是值得的。然而，无论以何种标准衡量，这项工作对我们来说也是值得的，因为它表明我们是关心世界稳定的全球公民，我们对他人负有责任，并准备好要建设人类命运共同体。每个人在生命中都应享有公平的机会。当我在思考作为中国公民最能引以为傲的所有事情时，帮助他人位居榜首。既然我明白了我妈妈的工作有多么重要，我已经决定自己也成为一名志愿者，去帮助其他国家的人。我企盼，未来你们也会这样做。 　　谢谢！ Step 3｜背出彩佳句 一、首段：点明演讲的主题 1.I am honored to have a chance to speak to you today. 今天我很荣幸有机会向你们演讲。 2.My name is Li Ping. Today I am very glad to have the opportunity to make this presentation. I shall be speaking about what we can do to protect the environment. 我是李萍，今天很高兴能有机会做这个演讲。我演讲的内容是我们能为保护环境做些什么。 3.It’s my honour to stand here and say something about how to study English well. 能够站在这里，谈谈如何学好英语对我来说是一件荣幸的事情。 二、中段：演讲的具体内容 1.Its advantages are obvious. It allows us to learn at any time wherever we are. Besides， we can absorb all kinds of resources to learn more efficiently. 它的优点显而易见。它让我们可以随时随地学习。此外，我们可以吸收各种资源来更加有效地学习。 2.However，its disadvantages cannot be ignored. Staring at the screen is harmful to our eyes. Worse still， we don’t have many opportunities to interact with our teachers and classmates. 然而，它的缺点也不容忽视。盯着屏幕会伤害我们的眼睛。更糟糕的是，我们没有很多机会与我们的老师和同学互动。 3.We are very proud of ourselves， believing we can make great contributions to a better world. 我们为自己感到自豪，相信我们会为建设一个更加美好的世界做出更大的贡献。 4.It is a pity that many people don’t realize the importance of environmental protection. 遗憾的是，很多人意识不到保护环境的重要性。 三、尾段：表达作者自己的观点，总结演讲 1.All in all， Beijing possesses a kind of power that makes us feel the long history of Chinese culture. If you visit Beijing， you will be amazed at everything here. 总而言之，北京拥有一种力量，让我们感受到中国文化的悠久历史。如果你参观北京，你会对这里的一切感到惊奇。 2.In conclusion， to realize a dream is not that easy， so we must study hard to fulfill our dreams. 总之，实现梦想不是那么容易的，所以我们必须努力学习来实现我们的梦想。 3.The earth is our common home. Let’s take action to build a better one for all of us！ 地球是我们共同的家园。让我们采取行动，为我们所有人打造一个更好的家园！ 4.Thank you for your listening （to my speech）. 感谢大家倾听（我的演讲）。 　　假定你是李华，你校将举办一场英语演讲比赛，演讲内容是关于中国对其他国家的援助，内容包括： 　　（1）援助内容； 　　（2）援助意义； 　　（3）你的看法。 注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式作答。 Hello， everyone！ 　　My name is Li Hua.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　Thank you！ 一、合理布局，精心谋篇 二、遣词造句，规范得体 1.　As our country’s economy develops quickly　， we are capable of helping other countries. 随着我国经济的快速发展，我们有能力帮助其他国家。 2.Pakistan is a developing country 　where people are suffering from terrible living conditions　. （定语从句） 巴基斯坦是一个发展中国家，人们生活条件相当差。 3.Our country’s help 　has played an active part in the development of Pakistan　. 我国的帮助在巴基斯坦的发展中发挥了积极作用。 4.　More and more students can study in newly-built schools　. Patients now can get timely and proper treatment. 越来越多的学生可以在新建的学校学习。病人现在可以得到及时和适当的治疗。 5.Newly-built highways have linked the urban and rural areas， 　promoting the development of economy　.（动词-ing短语作状语） 新建的高速公路连接了城市和乡村，促进了经济的发展。 6.　Proud of what our country has done　 in Pakistan， I have decided to be a volunteer after graduating from the university and 　help those in need　. 为我们国家在巴基斯坦所做的一切感到骄傲，我已决定大学毕业后成为一名志愿者，帮助那些需要帮助的人。 三、恰当衔接，自然过渡 用as far as I know， moreover和more importantly 把中国对外援助的意义连接成段。 　As far as I know， our country’s help has played an active part in the development of Pakistan. More and more students can study in newly-built schools. Moreover， patients now can get timely and proper treatment. More importantly， newly-built highways have linked the urban and rural areas， promoting the development of economy.　 四、认真誊写，赏心悦目 Hello， everyone！ 　　My name is Li Hua. 　As our country’s economy develops quickly， we are capable of helping other countries. As we all know， Pakistan is a developing country where people are suffering from terrible living conditions.　 　　　As far as I know， our country’s help has played an active part in the development of Pakistan. More and more students can study in newly-built schools. Moreover， patients now can get timely and proper treatment. More importantly， newly-built highways have linked the urban and rural areas， promoting the development of economy.　 　　　Proud of what our country has done in Pakistan， I have decided to be a volunteer after graduating from the university and help those in need.　 　　Thank you！ 词汇 心 理 描 写 ①be dying to do sth 渴望做某事 ②doubt vt.怀疑 ③upset adj.心烦意乱的 环 境 描 写 ①dust n.沙土；灰尘 vi.& vt.擦灰 ②dusty adj.布满灰尘的 ③hut n.简陋的小房子（或棚、舍） 动 作 描 写 ①contract vt.感染（疾病）；与……订立合同（或契约） ②wrinkle vt.& vi.（使脸上）起皱纹；皱起 ③drag vt.拖；拽 vt.& vi.缓慢而费力地移动 ④pray vi.& vt.企盼；祈祷 ⑤deserve vt.值得；应得；应受 ⑥take （...） for granted 认为（……）是理所当然；对（……）不予重视 佳句 1.I’ve been dying to have some of my favourite sweets，and it’s always nice to get mail！（情感描写） 2.It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a dusty track covered in weeds.（环境描写） 3.To be honest，I doubt whether I’m making any difference to these boys’ lives at all.（心理描写） 4.To be honest，when my mother first left for Africa，I was upset.（心理描写） 5.So I was unhappy about her leaving without even asking for my input.（心理描写） 6.My muscles were aching and my knees shaking as we dragged ourselves down the mountain towards home.（动作描写） 7.We feel responsible for others and are ready to build a community with a shared future for mankind.（主旨升华） 情境导语：邻居因疾病残疾，这给他的生活投下了阴影…… 第一步：完成句子雏形现 1.Unfortunately， our neighbor 　contracted a serious illness　 and became 　a disabled man　， casting a shadow on his life. 不幸的是，我们的邻居感染了一种严重的疾病，成了一名残疾人，这给他的生活投下了阴影。 2.He 　was dragged into　 a whirlpool of sorrow. 他被拖入了悲伤的漩涡。 3.He was so painful and anxious that the skin on his cheeks and around his eyes 　was beginning to wrinkle　. 他是如此痛苦和忧虑，他的双颊和双眼周围开始起了皱纹。 4.He 　dragged his feet painfully　 downstairs every day， 　praying that he could recover from　 his illness. 每天他痛苦地拖着脚下楼，祈祷能够从疾病中康复。 5.Seeing this， my children exclaimed 　in chorus　，“　He deserves our help　.” 看到这些，我的孩子们异口同声地呼喊道：“他值得我们的帮助。” 第二步：句式升级造亮点 6.把句3升级为倒装句 　So painful and anxious was he that the skin on his cheeks and around his eyes was beginning to wrinkle.　 第三步：过渡衔接连成篇 　　　Unfortunately，our neighbor contracted a serious illness and became a disabled man，casting a shadow on his life. He was dragged into a whirlpool of sorrow. So painful and anxious was he that the skin on his cheeks and around his eyes was beginning to wrinkle. He dragged his feet painfully downstairs every day， praying that he could recover from his illness. Seeing this，my children exclaimed in chorus，“He deserves our help.”　 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.　Lately　 （最近）， I got a precious opportunity to take a part-time job in a foreign company during the summer vacation. 2.He 　prayed　 （祈祷） in his heart that his lights would glow again but in vain. 3.There will be a 10，000-metre relay　 race to be held on the playground of our school next Friday. Ⅱ.补全句子 1.　Not only does this activity help beautify our campus　 （这项活动不仅有助于美化我们的校园）， but also enriches its history and culture. 2.　Now that you have started senior school life　 （既然你已经开始了高中生活）， I’d like to offer you some advice. 3.From the experience， I realise 　how important it is to protect the culture relics　 （保护文物是多么的重要） in our daily lives. Ⅰ.品句填词 1.Although I have mercy on you， your article doesn’t reach those required 　criteria　 （标准）. 2.His parents were annoyed to hear that he had 　resigned　 （辞职） from the company. 3.The person had to sign a 　contract　 （合同） that he would be sent to an island after one year. 4.It’s a common problem， the one I’m asked about most when I’m on the lecture 　circuit　 （巡回）. 5.Given that his family was poor， what he did 　deserved　 （值得） to be respected. 6.Unluckily， the doctor 　contracted　 （感染） a virus when he performed an operation on an old people. 7.The mechanic is 　tuning　 （调节） the engine to make sure the car runs smoothly. Ⅱ.词形转换 1.　Lately　 （late），Mary has made a full recovery from her disease. 2.I will put my heart into the 　deserving　 （deserve） profession — teaching in secondary school. 3.The economic crisis had an impact on the political 　stability　 （stable）. 4.From the bottom of my heart， I keep 　praying　 （pray） that he won’t withdraw from the club. 5.Tom was a boy who never allowed his 　disability　 （disable） to keep him from reaching his goal. 6.We want to know what 　criteria　 （criterion） are used for assessing a student’s ability. Ⅲ.固定搭配和句式 1.The coach relayed 　to　 the players the news of their upcoming game against a strong opponent. 2.For the relatives， especially parents， we 　take it for granted that　 （认为……是理所当然） they make sacrifices for us. 3.It’s a pity that Mr Li will 　resign the post as our headteacher　 （辞去我们班主任的职务）. 4.I’d like to share with you a voluntary activity which 　is worth participating in　 （值得参加）this winter vacation. 5.The scientist has a lot of experience with ignorance and doubt and uncertainty， and this experience 　is of very great importance　 （十分重要）. 6.The people in the earthquake area 　are in need of　 （需要） food， medicine and shelters. 7.As is known to all， performing practical measures 　makes a big difference to ocean protection　 （对海洋保护有重大影响）. Ⅳ.一词多义/熟词生义 快速阅读下列句子并选出句中加蓝词汇对应的意思 A.v.（使）收缩；缩小　 B.n.合同；合约；契约 C.v.（与某人）签订合同　 D.v.感染 1.contract ①She is going to sign a contract with a major American computer firm. 　　B　 ②The exercise consists of stretching and contracting the leg muscles.　　A　 ③I would like to extend my sincere congratulations to you on your contracting the overseas merchant.　　C　 ④Learning that you have contracted a disease， all of us are quite concerned about you.　　D　 快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加蓝词汇的意思 2.The company is spending a large amount of money to plug its new product on social media.　vt.宣传　 3.These athletes won the championship in the women’s tennis circuit. 　n.巡回赛　 4.We house a broad range of experts united by the common goal of creating the best language learning tools possible. 　vt.拥有　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2025·泰安高二下检测）Hilda Jackson， a spirited senior from Derbyshire， exchanged her walking frame for glowsticks （荧光棒） and face paint to celebrate her 105th birthday with an unusual rave （锐舞） party at Holbrook Care Home. The event， attended by 70 guests， featured a live performance by Nottingham rapper Bru-C， disco beats spun by a DJ， and an open bar sponsored by Jagermeister — though most elderly participants chose soft drinks. 　　Born in 1919， Hilda has lived through two world wars， 22 British Prime Ministers， and the invention of television. During WWⅡ， she contributed to the war effort by working at a factory. A lifelong adventurer， she drove until age 100 and traveled a lot with her late sister Vera on dance-themed journey across Europe. 　　When asked about her long life， Hilda credited her longevity to her youthful passion for tennis and her philosophy of “taking each day as it comes”. She smiled， recalling her mother’s warnings：“You’ll wear yourself out playing tennis every night！” Her eyes shone as she recalled meeting her husband Walter in her 20s， calling him her “one true love”. After his death in the 1950s， Hilda never remarried， instead sharing 63 years with Vera until her sister’s passing. 　　The rave idea puzzled even the staff at Holbrook Care Home. Manager Rebecca admitted， “Last year， she requested laser lights and glowsticks — maybe she saw raves on TV？” The party’s decorations and energetic music contrasted with the care home’s usual calm， but Hilda danced energetically， shouting cheerfully， “Life’s meant for celebrating！” 　　Guests received glow-in-the-dark bracelets （手镯）， while Bru-C performed a custom rap praising Hilda’s passion for life. Though wheelchair-bound seniors tapped their feet， Hilda stood center-stage， her skirt flashing under lights. “I’ve always loved music — waltzes （华尔兹）， foxtrots， even disco！” she said. 　　Hilda’s birthday cards included one from King Charles， but her true joy came from dancing. “Who says raves are for the young？” she laughed， proving age is just a number. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。来自德比郡的105岁老人希尔达·杰克逊在霍尔布鲁克养老院举办了一场不寻常的锐舞派对来庆祝自己的生日，文章介绍了她的人生经历、长寿秘诀以及派对的相关情况。 1.What was special about Hilda’s 105th birthday party？（　　） A.It was held in a factory where she once worked. B.It was filled with decorations inspired by her travels. C.It included a rap performance with lively atmosphere. D.It was a traditional celebration with waltzes and disco. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，希尔达 105 岁生日派对的特别之处在于它包括一场说唱表演，气氛热烈。 2.What confused the care home staff about Hilda’s party request？（　　） A.Her refusal to invite family.　　 B.Her enthusiasm of rave parties. C.Her dislike of royal celebrations.　　 D.Her preference for classical music. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第四段前两句可知，养老院工作人员对希尔达派对请求感到困惑的是她对锐舞派对的热情。 3.What does Hilda’s comment imply in the last paragraph？（　　） A.She believes raves are only suitable for the young. B.She thinks age should not limit one’s enjoyment of life. C.She wishes more dancing opportunities at the care home. D.She feels that true happiness lies in doing what she loves. 解析：B　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，希尔达认为年龄不应该限制一个人对生活的享受和热爱。 4.What kind of person is Hilda according to the passage？（　　） A.Cautious but sociable.　　 B.Sensitive but moderate. C.Dynamic and open-minded.　　 D.Creative and unconventional. 解析：C　推理判断题。根据第一段第一句以及第三段第一句可推知，希尔达是一个充满活力、思想开放的人。 B 　　Once the pursuit of students eager for a break before starting university， gap years are now increasingly attracting older generations.Many highly skilled people in their 40s and 50s are being tempted by the chance to take a break from their highly pressured jobs and try something new.And often， this involves offering charities their services as volunteers. 　　Paul Moulton had spent 28 years working in the IT industry.The 51-year-old had grown tired of the corporate daily grind and was keen to try something new.So last autumn he took a sabbatical （休假） and flew to Costa Rica to lead a team of young people as a volunteer manager for a project aimed at protecting the country’s La Cangreja National Park.Moulton explains，“I returned from my sabbatical in January， went back to my job， and decided that office work isn’t really what I want to do anymore.”Moulton has since resigned and finally realised his dream of becoming a volunteer. 　　Sallie Grayson， the founder of People and Places， an organisation that matches volunteers with projects abroad， agrees that older volunteers can bring huge value to a charity’s operations.Grayson claims they are generally more patient and better prepared for voluntary work， not only professionally but also culturally.They also know how to work to deadlines， they are self-motivated， and they are “less likely to have broken hearts or be homesick”. 　　Grayson warns， however， that charities do have to invest a lot of time in thinking about how they will use them meaningfully.The temptation for charities is to take anyone who is willing to volunteer， but it needs to be the right opportunity for both the individual and the organisation. The first thing that a charity should do is a needs analysis.In other words， what do you need from older volunteers？ That will ensure you are hiring the right team for the jobs at hand and it will also be worthwhile for the volunteer. 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。越来越多的中年职场人士选择休假一年，参加志愿者服务活动。 5.What type of people are mostly likely to be drawn to gap years now according to the text？（　　） A.Charity workers. B.Retired individuals. C.Newly hired employees. D.Stressed skilled professionals. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第一段第一、二句可知，以前，间隔年是指学生在上大学之前休息的一年假期，如今，间隔年的概念越来越吸引年龄更大的人群。许多拥有高技能的四五十岁的职场人士想暂时放下高压工作，去尝试一些新鲜事物。由此可知，更容易被“间隔年”吸引的人群是工作压力大的专业人士。 6.How did Moulton’s Costa Rica experience influence him？（　　） A.It inspired him to start his own business. B.It encouraged him to take early retirement. C.It motivated him to make a career change. D.It deepened his appreciation for his office work. 解析：C　细节理解题。Moulton去哥斯达黎加的经历让他改变了职业方向，从原来的IT工作转向做志愿者。 7.What does Grayson mainly explain in paragraph 3？（　　） A.The qualities of good leaders. B.The advantages of older volunteers. C.The work-life balance for volunteers. D.The volunteer-organisation relationship. 解析：B　段落大意题。通读第三段内容可知，Grayson认为，年长志愿者能为慈善机构的运营工作带来巨大的价值。年长志愿者通常更有耐心，不管是在专业技能方面，还是从文化角度看，他们对志愿工作的准备都更充分。他们懂得如何按时完成工作，能激励自己，也不太可能有伤心或想家的情绪。由此可推知，Grayson主要介绍了年长志愿者的优势。 8.How should charities approach older volunteers according to Grayson？（　　） A.By focusing on their mental health. B.By assigning them leadership roles. C.By helping them find a new career path. D.By matching them with suitable projects. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的The temptation for charities ...for the volunteer.可知，Grayson提到，慈善机构面临的诱惑就是接收任何愿意做志愿者的人，但是，志愿者个人和慈善机构都需要一个合适的机会。慈善机构应该做的第一件事是需求分析，即分析慈善机构需要从年长志愿者那里得到什么。这样一来，就能确保慈善机构找到合适的志愿者团队，这对于志愿者来说也很有意义。由此可知，慈善机构应该为年长志愿者寻找适合他们的项目。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 　　Olympians have trained their entire lives to reach their goal of standing on the winner’s podium.Not only do Olympic athletes tone （使强健） their bodies into near perfection； they temper their will as well.9.（　　）， you need to keep the following in mind： 　　View stress as positive 　　Many Olympians view stress as a challenge instead of something they should fear.“We call it a stress mindset， or your worldview of stress.Top athletes have learned to view pressure as a challenge， either by trial and error or by working on mental training” said sports psychologist Dan Gould.10.（　　）. 　　Learn to bounce （反弹） back 　　Many of the most mentally tough athletes have a history of overcoming adversity in their past.11.（　　）. “It’s really hard to build resilience unless you’ve been challenged，” Gould said.“Anyone can get overwhelmed.Resilience is the piece of us that allows us to get up every time we’re knocked down.” 　　12.（　　） 　　There is no room for self-denial in the minds of Olympic athletes， according to Gould.“They have to believe they’re capable of performing well or they have already given the competition the advantage，” he said.“They have to go into the event with complete confidence.” 　　Regulate your emotions 　　Emotional regulation is as important as physical or mental preparation.“All of us have a set of emotions we feel are important for us to perform our best： I’m confident， but not overconfident.13.（　　）.Maybe I’m a little fearful， but it’s not overwhelming，” Gould said. A.Get rid of self-doubt B.Be the best version of yourself C.I’m anxious， but it’s a good anxiety D.He has studied Olympians for decades E.It can be a hardship， illness or even a loved one dying F.When you are facing one of the most important events in your life G.If you want to think like an Olympian and develop a winner’s brain 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。奥运选手不但身体强健，而且意志坚定。如果我们要想成功，就必须学习他们的思维模式和优秀品质。 9.G　由于下文列举了一些奥运选手所具备的思维方式和优秀品质，因此G项符合语境。 10.D　上文首次提到运动心理学家Dan Gould，D项是对他的补充介绍，符合语境。 11.E　上句指出：许多精神上最坚强的运动员在过去都有战胜逆境的历史。E项符合语境。E项中的a hardship， illness or even a loved one dying正好是对上文提到“逆境”的举例说明。 12.A　本段主要介绍了奥运选手所具备的另一个优秀品质——一直保持自信，不去自我否定。A项正好可以概括本段主旨。 13.C　上文出现了I’m confident， but not overconfident，下文出现了I’m a little fearful， but it’s not overwhelming，C项正好是同类句式，跟它们形成并列，且同属情感调节领域内容。 Ⅲ.完形填空 　　（2025·广东高二下期中）Ma Jun is the youngest winner of this year’s Junma Awards for Ethnic Literature. He is not only talented but 　14　 and has overcome many difficulties in his life. 　　At birth， Ma’s parents noticed something 　15　 — his legs were weak， and he couldn’t move or 　16　 without help. His health condition kept him away from other children. When they ran and played， Ma could only sit on the stone steps， 　17　 in sadness. 　　In 2016， he passed his college entrance exams. However， his family’s 　18　 circumstances and his health conditions forced him to make a（n） 　19　 decision. He chose not to sign up for university. He had 　20　 to experience university life but he found himself confined （受限于） to bed， feeling 　21　 in the darkest hours. 　　The turning point came when a friend gave him a book， Wo Yu Ditan by Shi Tiesheng. At first， Ma had no interest in the book — he had 　22　 passion for everything. But one word on the cover caught his eye：“wheelchair.” He thought this writer might have encountered the same situation as him， so he 　23　 the book. As he read， Ma suddenly felt 　24　 growing in his heart. Shi’s determination inspired Ma 　25　. He was struck by the realisation that someone with similar 　26　 could find meaning and joy in life. 　　He started to think about following Shi’s spirit. He could gather the 　27　 to do something meaningful， like 　28　， instead of staying in bed letting life pass him by. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了骏马奖最年轻的获奖者马骏的故事。 14.A.determined　 B.generous　　 C.imaginative　 D.curious 解析：A　根据下文的has overcome many difficulties in his life可知，马骏不仅是天才，而且有决心，在生活中克服了许多困难。 15.A.regretful　 B.interesting　　 C.unusual　 D.valuable 解析：C　根据下文的his legs were weak， and he couldn’t move可知，此处表示不寻常的事情。 16.A.stand　 B.sleep　　 C.read　 D.play 解析：A　根据his legs were weak可知，此处表示无法站立。 17.A.studying　 B.listening　　 C.dreaming　 D.watching 解析：D　根据Ma could only sit on the stone steps可知，当其他孩子奔跑玩耍时，马骏只能坐在石阶上，看着他们，沉浸在悲伤中。 18.A.typical　 B.financial　　 C.crucial　 D.common 解析：B　根据表示转折的副词However和forced him to make a（n） 　19　 decision. He chose not to sign up for university可知，家里的经济状况和自己的健康状况迫使他放弃上大学。 19.A.urgent　 B.wise　　 C.difficult　 D.sudden 解析：C　根据语境可知，作出放弃上大学的决定是困难的。 20.A.declined　 B.regretted　　 C.pretended　 D.longed 解析：D　根据to experience university life和转折连词but可知，他渴望体验大学生活。 21.A.angry　 B.desperate　　 C.tired　 D.nervous 解析：B　根据he found himself confined （受限于） to bed和in the darkest hours可知，此处表示绝望。 22.A.found　 B.lost　　 C.shared　 D.abandoned 解析：B　根据he had no interest in the book可知，此处表示失去热情。 23.A.bought　 B.borrowed　　 C.ruined　 D.opened 解析：D　根据下文As he read可知，此处表示他打开了书。 24.A.trust　 B.anxiety　　 C.hope　 D.pain 解析：C　根据下文Shi’s determination inspired Ma可知，马骏受到激励，所以内心有了希望。 25.A.deeply　 B.recently　　 C.easily　 D.regularly 解析：A　根据下一句可知，史铁生的决心深深地激励了马骏。 26.A.struggles　 B.appearance　　 C.families　 D.education 解析：A　根据similar可知，此处表示和他有类似困境的人。 27.A.information　 B.courage　　 C.memory　 D.feedback 解析：B　根据do something meaningful可知，此处表示他鼓起勇气。 28.A.singing　 B.helping　　 C.writing　 D.walking 解析：C　根据第一段的Ma Jun is the youngest winner of this year’s Junma Awards for Ethnic Literature.可知，此处表示写作。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $null