专题08 U9（Developing the Topic&Wrapping up the Topic）精讲-2025-2026学年新仁爱科普版英语八年级下册同步单元复习（新仁爱科普版）

专题08 Unit 9 Forces of Nature （Developing the Topic&Wrapping up the Topic）精讲 Developing the Topic 知识清单 重点单词 名词 雾 通道；走廊；章节；段落 动词 (雨)倾盆而下；倒出 副词 在前面，（时间、空间）向前；提前；预先 兼类词 adj.苍白的v.变苍白 重点短语 fog 浓雾 pour 大雨倾盆而下 up(天气)转晴；放晴；变晴朗 out of 从..走出来 fall 落在某物上；袭击 pale 变得苍白 be 受伤 重点句子 1.There was a huge noise of , and wind began to harder and harder.前面传来震耳欲聋的雷声，风也开始越刮越猛。 2. I big trees and rode a direct passage to the nearest store.我远离大树，沿着一条直通最近商店的通道骑行。 3. The rain started down right after I got . 我一进去，（外面）就下起了倾盆大雨。 4. After about half an hour, the rain to become , but it was still quite dark outside.大约半小时后，雨似乎小了一些，但外面仍然很昏暗。 5. Finally, the rain and the sky up.最后，雨停了，天空放晴了。 6. When I out of the store and saw a few large trees on the cars, my face turned pale fear.当我走出商店，看到几棵大树砸在汽车上时，我吓得脸色发白。 课文重点解析 考点1.Limit your outdoor activities at the hottest time of the day.在一天中最热的时候限制你的户外活动。 讲1)limit,动词，意为“限制；限定”。 I my spending to 20 yuan a day.我把我的消费限制在每天20元。 拓展limit还可作名词，意为“限度；限制；(地区或地方的)境界，界限，范围”。 She knows the of her power.她知道自己的权限。 讲2)outdoor,形容词，意为“户外的；室外的” -We take part in all kinds of activities at school.我们在学校参加各种各样的课外活动。 链接outdoors,副词，意为“在户外；在野外”。 -I like staying on summer evenings.在夏天的夜晚，我喜欢待在户外。-Me, too.我也是。 考点2.There was a huge noise of thunder ahead, and wind began to blow harder and harder.前面传来震耳欲聋的雷声，风也开始越刮越猛。 讲ahead,副词，意为“在前面，（时间、空间）向前；提前；预先”。 例-I'll run and tell them the news.我将跑到前面并告诉他们这个消息。-OK.好的。 拓展ahead的相关用法 ahead of意为“（时间、空间）在··前面；早于；领先”。 go ahead 意为“请吧，去吧，做吧”等，常用于回答别人的请求。 The two boys were ahead us.这两个男孩在我们前面。 The meeting was held of time.会议提前了。 -May I begin?我可以开始了吗？-Yes, go .好，开始吧。 考点3.I stayed away from big trees and rode along a direct passage to the nearest store.我远离大树，沿着一条直通最近商店的通道骑行。 讲passage,名词，意为“通道；走廊”。 例-The leads to the hall.这条走廊通往大礼堂。 拓展passage 还可意为“文章；段落”。 例-Read the and answer the questions below.阅读文章并回答后面的问题。 考点4.The rain started pouring down right after I got inside.我一进去，（外面）就下起了倾盆大雨。 讲pour,动词，意为“（雨）倾盆而下；下大雨”pour down 意为“大雨倾盆而下”。 例The rain is pouring (down).正下着倾盆大雨。 拓展 ①有关“下大雨”的表述还有： pour with rain pour(down)rain rain cats and dogs 例It's pouring with rain. It's (down) rain.= It's raining cats and dogs.正在下大雨。 ②pour 还可意为“使（液体）连续流出；倾倒；倒出”。 常用短语 pour...into...把..倒入...里 pour...out把……倒出 例-Don't pour wastewater the river.不要把废水倒入河里。-Sorry, I won't.抱歉，我不会了。 -Please pour the milk .请把牛奶倒出来。 考点5.Finally, the rain stopped and the sky cleared up.最后，雨停了，天空放晴了。 讲clear up 意为“（天气）转晴；放晴；变晴朗”。此时 clear 在这里作动词，意为“变明朗；转晴；放晴”。例-I hope it will up this afternoon.我希望今天下午天气会放晴。-I hope so.我也希望如此。 拓展clear up 的其他意思 clear up 1.使整洁；清理2.(疾病、感染)痊愈；消失3.解决；解答；解释 例All of us should clean your room on time.我们所有人应该按时清理房间。 Have your cold up?你的感冒好了吗？ Our problem was up with his help.在他的帮助下，我们的问题解决了。 考点6.When I stepped out of the store and saw a few large trees fall on the cars,my face turned pale with fear.当我走出商店，看到几棵大树砸在汽车上时，我吓得脸色发白。 讲1)step out of 意为“从··走出来”。 例He out of the classroom and found his father waiting for him.他走出教室，发现他爸爸正等着他。 讲2)pale,形容词，意为“苍白的；灰白的”。turn pale 意为“变得苍白”。此时 turn 在这里作动词，意为“（使）变成；成为”，强调主语的状态从一种变为另一种。 例 -You look pale. Are you OK?你看起来脸色苍白，你还好吗？ -I have a very bad headache.我头很痛。 The weather has turned cold.天气变得寒冷了。 拓展go/grow pale 也可意为“变得苍白”。 例His face went/grew pale when he heard the bad news.当他听到那个坏消息时，他的脸色变得苍白。 随堂训练 一、单项选择题 1. I ______ home when a heavy thunderstorm suddenly came last night. A. ride B. rode C. am riding D. was riding 2. You should stay away from tall ______ when there is a lightning in the storm. A. tree B. trees C. tree’s D. trees’ 3. The wind blew ______ and ______ as the typhoon came near our city. A. hard; hard B. harder; harder C. hard; harder D. harder; hard 4. Don’t forget ______ lots of water when you are caught in a heatwave. A. drink B. drinking C. to drink D. drank 5. ______ half an hour, the rain became lighter and the sky slowly cleared up. A. After B. For C. At D. In 二、单句语法填空 1. The heavy fog made the street _________ (dark) than usual, so we walked very carefully. 2. There are many _________ (disaster) in nature, such as heatwaves and snowstorms. 3. When I saw the fallen house, my face turned pale with _________ (fearful). 4. She decided _________ (wait) for her mother at the gate of the supermarket in the rain. 5. The heatwave is terrible; the temperature rose to the _________ (high) of 44°C yesterday. 三、语篇选词填空 从方框中选择合适的词，用其正确形式填空（每词限用一次） blow, clear, decide, fear, gather, heavy, limit, pour, safe, stay, sudden, wind A strong rainstorm hit our town last Friday. In the afternoon, black clouds 1._________ in the sky and the weather turned bad quickly. A strong 2._________ began to 3._________ harder and harder, and we knew a rainstorm was coming. My classmates and I were on the way home, and we 4._________ to run to the nearest bookstore for 5._________. As soon as we got in, the rain started to 6._________ down 7._________. We could hear the rain beat against the window for a long time. We had to 8._________ inside the store and 9._________ our outdoor activities. About forty minutes later, the rain stopped 10._________, and the sky began to 11._________ up. When we went out, we saw some trees fallen on the road, and we looked at each other with 12._________. Luckily, no one got hurt in the storm. 四、短文填空 根据短文内容，在空白处填入适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式 Last Sunday, I experienced a small sandstorm on 1._________ way to the park. I 2._________(walk) along the street when the sandstorm came. 3._________ the sand was everywhere, I couldn’t open my eyes at all. I quickly ran to a shop and stayed there 4.__________(careful). The sand hit the window with much noise, and the air became 5._________(dirty) than before. Many 6._________(passer-by) stood with me in the small shop. We all avoided 7._________(go) out in the sandstorm. After about twenty minutes, the sandstorm was over and the wind 8._________(drop) down. I looked at 9._________(I) dirty clothes and smiled. I left the shop 10._________ ten minutes later and went back home. It was an unforgettable experience for me. 五、根据句意及汉语提示填入适当单词或短语 1. 当我走出商店时，看到几棵大树倒在了车上。 When I ______ ______ ______ the store, I saw a few large trees fall on the cars. 2. 热浪来临时，你应该限制一天中最热时候的户外活动。 You should ______ your outdoor activities ______ the hottest time of the day when a heatwave comes. 3. 暴雨开始倾盆而下，我们立刻远离了河边。 The rainstorm started to pour down, and we ______ ______ ______ the river at once. 4. 我记得在地理课上学过关于雷雨的知识。 I _________ _________ about thunderstorms in the geography class. 5. 看到那可怕的场景，他吓得脸色苍白。 His face turned pale ________ ________ when he saw the terrible scene. 六、汉译英 1. 我正在骑车回家，这时乌云突然聚集起来。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. 一场大暴雨要来了！ _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. 风刮得越来越大，雷声也越来越响。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. 我决定在商店里等雨小一点。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 5. 幸运的是，这场热浪中没有人受伤。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 6.在雷暴中，你应该选择凉爽的衣物并多喝水。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 7. 当我看到倒下的电线杆时，我吓得脸色苍白。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 8. 最后，雪停了，天空放晴了。 _______________________________________________________________________________ Wrapping up the Topic 知识清单 重点单词 名词 鼻；鼻子 嘴 形容词 近来的；新近的 正常的 代词 没有一个 兼类词 det.,pron.几个;数个 重点短语 add. .增加；增添；把..加入... break sth.打倒，砸破（某物） in large 大量地 about sth.引起；导致 to (doing) sth.导致；造成（后果） global 全球变暖 out of.用完，耗尽（供应品） in years 近几年 out (to be)+ adj/adv. 结果....,.....地发展（或发生） of.全都不 重点句子 1. more the safety tips. 增加更多的安全提示。 2. Natural disasters harm the environment, break houses, and even cause in large .自然灾害会破坏环境，摧毁家园，甚至造成大量死亡。 3. Human can about natural .人类活动可能引起自然灾害。 4. The of coal can to global . 燃烧煤炭会导致全球变暖。 5. Everything went even more after we out of food and water in the super storm.在超级风暴中，我们耗尽了食物和水之后，一切都变得更加糟糕。 6. To against natural disasters, the we prepare ourselves, the easily things will turn out. 为了与自然灾害作斗争，我们准备得越充分，事态就会越容易控制。 7. Of the three monkeys, the was (the) most seriously in the earthquake.只猴子中，最年长的那只在地震中受伤最重。 8. First, one should know that it is to feelings after a disaster.先，人们应该知道，灾后产生这些情绪是正常反应。 9. They have the and to help people against such feelings after disasters.他们有知识和技能来帮助人们在灾后与这种情绪作斗争。 10. If of these methods works, you'd better to a doctor.如果这些方法都无效，你最好寻求医生的帮助。 　课文重点解析 考点1.Add more to the safety tips.增加更多的安全提示。 讲add.....to...意为“增加；增添；把...加人...”。 例-Do you need to more salt the soup?汤里面还需再加点盐吗？-No.不需要。 拓展add 的相关短语 add sth. in把……加进去;包括 add to sth.使（数量）增加；使（规模）扩大 add up to sth.总共是；总计为 例 -Remember to the cost of drinks.记住把饮料费加进去。 -The bad weather added our difficulties.恶劣的天气增加了我们的困难。 My spending adds to 1,000 yuan every month.我每月的花销总计达1000元。 考点2.Natural disasters harm the environment, break down houses, and even cause deaths in large numbers.自然灾害会破坏环境，摧毁家园，甚至造成大量死亡。 讲break down sth.意为“打倒，砸破（某物）”，还可表述为break sth. down。 例Firemen had to the door to save people inside.消防员不得不把门砸开去救里面的人。 注意break down是“动词+副词”结构的短语，其用法如下： break down+名词= break+名词+down break+代词+down 例Close the door slightly or you'll it .关门时轻点，否则你会把它砸坏。 拓展break down 的其他用法及意思 sth. break down1.(机器或车辆)出故障；坏掉2.失败3.(尤指在公共场合)禁不住哭出来消除， break sth.down/breakdown sth.1.驱除（人与人之间的隔阂等）2.使...分解3.拆分，把...分成若干部分（以方便做或理解) 例What was worse, My car broke yesterday afternoon.更糟糕的是，我的车昨天下午出故障了。 The talks between England and America broke .英美谈判失败了。 He broke and cried.他情绪崩溃，哭了出来。 It takes a long time to break prejudices.消除偏见需要很长时间。 Food is broken in the stomach.食物在胃里分解。 -The question can be broken into two parts.这个问题可以被分为两个部分。 　 考点3.Human activities can bring about natural disasters.人类活动可能引起自然灾害。 讲bring about sth. 意为“引起；导致”。还可表述为 bring sth. about。 例-What brought about the change?What brought the change about?是什么导致了这种变化？ 归纳bring 的相关短语 bring sb. sth./bring sth.to sb.给某人带来某物 bring sb./sth. to sp.把某人/某物带到某地 例My mom me some books this morning. =My mom brought some books me this morning.我妈妈今天上午给我带来了一些书。 -Don't bring cellphones school.不要把手机带到学校来。 考点4.The burning of coal can lead to global warming.燃烧煤炭会导致全球变暖。 讲lead to(doing)sth.意为“导致；造成（后果)”，可与 result in 互换。 例Practicing every day to improving your English a lot.每天练习会让你的英语提高很多。 拓展lead 的相关短语 lead to sp.通往（某处） lead sb. to sp.带/引领某人去某处 lead sb. (to sth.)使得出观点；引导（某人） lead sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事 lead a(n)...life过..的生活 The road leads the seaside.这条路通向海边。 -I can lead you the hall.我可以带你去礼堂。 -What led you this conclusion?你是如何得出这个结论的？ -By analyzing the data.通过数据分析。 His being late led us miss the train.他的迟到导致我们错过了火车。 Finally, they a happy life.最后，他们过上了幸福的生活。 考点5.Everything went even more terribly worse after we ran out of food and water in the super storm.在超级风暴中，我们耗尽了食物和水之后，一切都变得更加糟糕。 讲run out of.意为“用完，耗尽（供应品）”。 例I've run of my pocket money.我的零花钱已经用完了。 拓展①“run out of+地点”，意为“从某地跑出来”。 例The dog ran of the room.狗从房间里跑出来了。 ② run out 还可作不及物动词短语，意为“用完；耗尽”，主语通常是物。 例The oil in the area will run in 50 years.五十年以后，这儿的石油将用完。 考点6.To fight against natural disasters,the better we prepare ourselves, the more easily things will turn out.为了与自然灾害作斗争，我们准备得越充分，事态就会越容易控制。 讲1)“the+副词比较级，the+副词比较级”，这种结构表示一方的程度随着另一方程度的变化而变化，意为“越....（就）越·....”。 例-The you work, the you'll learn.你越努力，学得就越好。-I see.我知道。 讲2)turn out (to be)+ adj./adv.,意为“结果...；....地发展（或发生）”。 例-Despite our worries everything turned well.尽管我们都很担心，结果一切都顺利。 You never know how your children will turn .很难说你的孩子将发展成什么样子。 拓展turn out 的其他意思及用法 tum out1.原来是；证明是；结果是2.出席（某项活动）；在场3.向外；朝外 turn sb./sth. out制造；生产；培养出 turn sth. out/turn out sth.。关掉（灯或热源） turn sb. out (of from sth.)。赶走；逐出；撵走 It turned that she was a friend of my sister's.她原来是我姐姐的朋友。 He turned at the end of the meeting yesterday.昨天会议要结束的时候，他来了。 Her toes turn .她的脚趾向外撇。 The factory turns 90,000 cars every year.这家工厂每年生产九万辆车。 Remember to turn the light when leaving.记得离开时把灯关了。 My father always turns me of his study when he reads.我爸爸阅读时总把我赶出书房。 考点7.First, one should know that it is normal to experience such feelings after a disaster.首先，人们应该知道，灾后产生这些情绪是正常反应。 讲normal,形容词，意为“正常的；典型的；一般的”。 “It is normal (for sb.) to do sth.”,意为“做某事（对某人来说）是正常的”，此时it在句中作形式主语，不定式才是真正的主语。 Her temperature is .她的体温正常。 -It is to feel tired after such along walk.走了这么久的路，觉得累是正常的。-You're right.你说得对。 考点8.If none of these methods works,you'd better turn to a doctor.如果这些方法都无效，你最好寻求医生的帮助。 讲 none,不定代词，意为“没有一个；毫无”。常见用法如下： none　指代可数名词复数 作主语时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数。 指代不可数名词 作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 I borrowed three books from the library,but is/are interesting.我从图书馆借了三本书，但没有一本是有趣的。 I wanted to buy some bread, but was left when I got to the shop.我想买一些面包，但当我到达商店时，什么也没剩下了。 辨析none和 no one none和no one都是不定代词，都表示“三者或三者以上没有一个”，两者用法区别如下 none“没有一个”，既可指人也可以指物。常与 of连用。作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可。否定回答以How much/How many开头的疑问句。 no one“没有人”，只能指人，不能指物。不能与of连用。作主语时，谓语动词用单数。否定回答以 Who开头的疑问句。 例None of the answers right.没有一个答案正确。 -No one working on weekends.没人喜欢周末上班。-Yes.是的。 -How many people were late for the meeting?有多少人开会迟到？- .一个也没有。 -Who was late for the meeting?谁开会迟到了？- 没人。 随堂训练 一、单项选择题 1. People should limit their outdoor activities ______ the hottest time of the day to avoid heatstroke. A. in B. on C. at D. for 2. The more carefully we prepare for natural disasters, ______ we can deal with them. A. easier B. the easier C. more easily D. the more easily 3. When an earthquake happens, you must hang on ______ the legs of a strong desk and keep calm. A. to B. with C. for D. of 4. We should learn how ______ ourselves in different kinds of natural disasters. A. protect B. protecting C. to protect D. protected 5. Some people feel scared after a disaster, ______ it is normal to have such feelings. A. and B. but C. so D. or 二、单句语法填空 1. The forest fire spread _________ (quick) because of the strong wind last week. 2. Among all the natural disasters, floods hit this small town __________________ (serious) last year. 3. If you smell smoke in the forest, you need to leave the place ____________ (immediate). 4. More and more ____________ (disaster) are caused by human activities these years. 5. The little boy kept ___________ (run) until he found a safe place away from the burning house. 三、语篇选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的单词，并用其正确形式填空（方框中有2个多余单词） danger, protect, call, hide, break, lead, hot, safe, limit, help, die, stay Natural disasters are always around us and they bring great 1_________ to people's lives. A heatwave makes the weather much 2_________ than usual and it can even cause 3_________ of some animals. Human activities 4_________ to more and more serious natural disasters, such as the burning of coal that makes the earth warmer. When a natural disaster comes, we must know how to 5_________ ourselves. If an earthquake happens, we should 6_________ under a strong desk and not run out of the building. If there is a forest fire, we need to 7_________ 12119 at once and find a 8_________ place to 9_________. We should also 10_________ our outdoor activities when the weather is too bad. 四、短文填空 根据短文内容，在空白处填入适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式 Natural disasters are harmful to everyone. 1.______ most common natural disasters include forest fires, floods, heatwaves and earthquakes. All of them can do great harm to the environment and people's lives. A heatwave can raise the temperature of sea water and it will make sea areas much 2._________ (warm) than before. Global warming is one of the reasons for longer heatwaves, and it is caused by human 3._________ (activity) like burning coal and oil. When a flood comes, people must not walk through fast-moving water, because the water may 4._________ (easy) take people away. If you meet a forest fire, you should protect 5.________ (you) with a wet towel and run away from the burning area. 6._________ you can't find a safe place quickly, you can stay near a river or a pool. For an earthquake, the most important thing is to keep calm and hide under a desk, 7._________ (hold) on to its legs tightly. After a natural disaster, some people may feel sad and scared. It's important to learn how 8._________ (deal) with these feelings. We can share our feelings with family members, and they will give us a lot of 9.____________ (encourage). 10.__________ doing some physical activities is also a good way to make ourselves feel better. 五、根据句意及汉语提示填入适当单词或短语 1. 森林大火不仅烧毁树木，还会使动物们处于危险之中。 Forest fires not only burn down trees but also ________ animals ________ ________. 2. 全球变暖会引发更长的热浪和更严重的暴雨。 Global warming can ________ ________ longer heatwaves and more serious rainstorms. 3. 当自然灾害来临时，我们要尽最大努力保护自己。 We should ________ ________ ________ to protect ourselves when natural disasters come. 4. 不要试图隐藏你的负面情绪，接受它们才是正确的做法。 Don't try to ________ your bad feelings, and it's right to ________ them. 5. 洪水冲毁了许多房屋，甚至造成了大量人员伤亡。 Floods ________ ________ many houses and even ________ many deaths. 六、汉译英 1. 火灾发生时，立即拨打119求救是很重要的。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. 如果你不能进入室内，不要站在大树下面或附近。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. 这次超级风暴过后，一切都变得更加糟糕了。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. 为了应对自然灾害，我们最好提前5到10分钟参加安全培训。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 5. 在这三只动物中，那只小熊在地震中受伤最严重。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 6. 用口罩遮住口鼻，眼镜有助于保护你的眼睛。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 7. 远离着火的地方，最好找一个池塘或河流。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 8. 自然灾害会破坏环境，我们应该尽力预防它们。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题08 Unit 9 Forces of Nature （Developing the Topic&Wrapping up the Topic）精讲 Developing the Topic 知识清单 重点单词 名词 fog雾passage 通道；走廊；章节；段落 动词 pour(雨)倾盆而下；倒出 副词 ahead 在前面，（时间、空间）向前；提前；预先 兼类词 pale adj.苍白的v.变苍白 重点短语 heavy fog 浓雾 pour down 大雨倾盆而下 clear up(天气)转晴；放晴；变晴朗 step out of 从..走出来 fall on 落在某物上；袭击 turn pale 变得苍白 be hurt 受伤 重点句子 1.There was a huge noise of thunder ahead, and wind began to blow harder and harder.前面传来震耳欲聋的雷声，风也开始越刮越猛。 2. I stayed away from big trees and rode along a direct passage to the nearest store.我远离大树，沿着一条直通最近商店的通道骑行。 3. The rain started pouring down right after I got inside. 我一进去，（外面）就下起了倾盆大雨。 4. After about half an hour, the rain seemed to become lighter, but it was still quite dark outside.大约半小时后，雨似乎小了一些，但外面仍然很昏暗。 5. Finally, the rain stopped and the sky cleared up.最后，雨停了，天空放晴了。 6. When I stepped out of the store and saw a few large trees fall on the cars, my face turned pale with fear.当我走出商店，看到几棵大树砸在汽车上时，我吓得脸色发白。 课文重点解析 考点1.Limit your outdoor activities at the hottest time of the day.在一天中最热的时候限制你的户外活动。 讲1)limit,动词，意为“限制；限定”。 I limit my spending to 20 yuan a day.我把我的消费限制在每天20元。 拓展limit还可作名词，意为“限度；限制；(地区或地方的)境界，界限，范围”。 She knows the limits of her power.她知道自己的权限。 讲2)outdoor,形容词，意为“户外的；室外的” -We take part in all kinds of outdoor activities at school.我们在学校参加各种各样的课外活动。 链接outdoors,副词，意为“在户外；在野外”。 -I like staying outdoors on summer evenings.在夏天的夜晚，我喜欢待在户外。-Me, too.我也是。 考点2.There was a huge noise of thunder ahead, and wind began to blow harder and harder.前面传来震耳欲聋的雷声，风也开始越刮越猛。 讲ahead,副词，意为“在前面，（时间、空间）向前；提前；预先”。 例-I'll run ahead and tell them the news.我将跑到前面并告诉他们这个消息。-OK.好的。 拓展ahead的相关用法 ahead of意为“（时间、空间）在··前面；早于；领先”。 go ahead 意为“请吧，去吧，做吧”等，常用于回答别人的请求。 The two boys were ahead of us.这两个男孩在我们前面。 The meeting was held ahead of time.会议提前了。 -May I begin?我可以开始了吗？-Yes, go ahead.好，开始吧。 考点3.I stayed away from big trees and rode along a direct passage to the nearest store.我远离大树，沿着一条直通最近商店的通道骑行。 讲passage,名词，意为“通道；走廊”。 例-The passage leads to the hall.这条走廊通往大礼堂。 拓展passage 还可意为“文章；段落”。 例-Read the passage and answer the questions below.阅读文章并回答后面的问题。 考点4.The rain started pouring down right after I got inside.我一进去，（外面）就下起了倾盆大雨。 讲pour,动词，意为“（雨）倾盆而下；下大雨”pour down 意为“大雨倾盆而下”。 例The rain is pouring (down).正下着倾盆大雨。 拓展 ①有关“下大雨”的表述还有： pour with rain pour(down)rain rain cats and dogs 例It's pouring with rain. It's pouring (down) rain.= It's raining cats and dogs.正在下大雨。 ②pour 还可意为“使（液体）连续流出；倾倒；倒出”。 常用短语 pour...into...把..倒入...里 pour...out把……倒出 例-Don't pour wastewater into the river.不要把废水倒入河里。-Sorry, I won't.抱歉，我不会了。 -Please pour the milk out.请把牛奶倒出来。 考点5.Finally, the rain stopped and the sky cleared up.最后，雨停了，天空放晴了。 讲clear up 意为“（天气）转晴；放晴；变晴朗”。此时 clear 在这里作动词，意为“变明朗；转晴；放晴”。例-I hope it will clear up this afternoon.我希望今天下午天气会放晴。-I hope so.我也希望如此。 拓展clear up 的其他意思 clear up 1.使整洁；清理2.(疾病、感染)痊愈；消失3.解决；解答；解释 例All of us should clean up your room on time.我们所有人应该按时清理房间。 Have your cold cleared up?你的感冒好了吗？ Our problem was cleared up with his help.在他的帮助下，我们的问题解决了。 考点6.When I stepped out of the store and saw a few large trees fall on the cars,my face turned pale with fear.当我走出商店，看到几棵大树砸在汽车上时，我吓得脸色发白。 讲1)step out of 意为“从··走出来”。 例He stepped out of the classroom and found his father waiting for him.他走出教室，发现他爸爸正等着他。 讲2)pale,形容词，意为“苍白的；灰白的”。turn pale 意为“变得苍白”。此时 turn 在这里作动词，意为“（使）变成；成为”，强调主语的状态从一种变为另一种。 例 -You look pale. Are you OK?你看起来脸色苍白，你还好吗？ -I have a very bad headache.我头很痛。 The weather has turned cold.天气变得寒冷了。 拓展go/grow pale 也可意为“变得苍白”。 例His face went/grew pale when he heard the bad news.当他听到那个坏消息时，他的脸色变得苍白。 随堂训练 一、单项选择题 1. I ______ home when a heavy thunderstorm suddenly came last night. A. ride B. rode C. am riding D. was riding 2. You should stay away from tall ______ when there is a lightning in the storm. A. tree B. trees C. tree’s D. trees’ 3. The wind blew ______ and ______ as the typhoon came near our city. A. hard; hard B. harder; harder C. hard; harder D. harder; hard 4. Don’t forget ______ lots of water when you are caught in a heatwave. A. drink B. drinking C. to drink D. drank 5. ______ half an hour, the rain became lighter and the sky slowly cleared up. A. After B. For C. At D. In 1. D （过去进行时was doing...when...，表示“正在做某事时，突然发生另一件事”） 2. B （tall tree为可数名词，此处表泛指用复数） 3. B （比较级+and+比较级，表示“越来越……”） 4. C （forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事，forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事，此处为“忘记喝水”） 5. A （after+一段时间，用于一般过去时；for+一段时间表持续，at后接具体时间点，in后接一段时间表将来） 二、单句语法填空 1. The heavy fog made the street _________ (dark) than usual, so we walked very carefully. 2. There are many _________ (disaster) in nature, such as heatwaves and snowstorms. 3. When I saw the fallen house, my face turned pale with _________ (fearful). 4. She decided _________ (wait) for her mother at the gate of the supermarket in the rain. 5. The heatwave is terrible; the temperature rose to the _________ (high) of 44°C yesterday. 1. darker 2. disasters 3. fear 4. to wait 5. height 三、语篇选词填空 从方框中选择合适的词，用其正确形式填空（每词限用一次） blow, clear, decide, fear, gather, heavy, limit, pour, safe, stay, sudden, wind A strong rainstorm hit our town last Friday. In the afternoon, black clouds 1._________ in the sky and the weather turned bad quickly. A strong 2._________ began to 3._________ harder and harder, and we knew a rainstorm was coming. My classmates and I were on the way home, and we 4._________ to run to the nearest bookstore for 5._________. As soon as we got in, the rain started to 6._________ down 7._________. We could hear the rain beat against the window for a long time. We had to 8._________ inside the store and 9._________ our outdoor activities. About forty minutes later, the rain stopped 10._________, and the sky began to 11._________ up. When we went out, we saw some trees fallen on the road, and we looked at each other with 12._________. Luckily, no one got hurt in the storm. 1. gathered 2. wind 3. blow 4. decided5. safety 6. pour 7. heavily 8. stay 9. limit10. suddenly 11. clear 12. fear 四、短文填空 根据短文内容，在空白处填入适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式 Last Sunday, I experienced a small sandstorm on 1._________ way to the park. I 2._________(walk) along the street when the sandstorm came. 3._________ the sand was everywhere, I couldn’t open my eyes at all. I quickly ran to a shop and stayed there 4.__________(careful). The sand hit the window with much noise, and the air became 5._________(dirty) than before. Many 6._________(passer-by) stood with me in the small shop. We all avoided 7._________(go) out in the sandstorm. After about twenty minutes, the sandstorm was over and the wind 8._________(drop) down. I looked at 9._________(I) dirty clothes and smiled. I left the shop 10._________ ten minutes later and went back home. It was an unforgettable experience for me. 1. the2. was walking 3. Because 4. carefully 5. dirtier6. passers-by7. going8. dropped9. my10. after 五、根据句意及汉语提示填入适当单词或短语 1. 当我走出商店时，看到几棵大树倒在了车上。 When I ______ ______ ______ the store, I saw a few large trees fall on the cars. 2. 热浪来临时，你应该限制一天中最热时候的户外活动。 You should ______ your outdoor activities ______ the hottest time of the day when a heatwave comes. 3. 暴雨开始倾盆而下，我们立刻远离了河边。 The rainstorm started to pour down, and we ______ ______ ______ the river at once. 4. 我记得在地理课上学过关于雷雨的知识。 I _________ _________ about thunderstorms in the geography class. 5. 看到那可怕的场景，他吓得脸色苍白。 His face turned pale ________ ________ when he saw the terrible scene. 1. stepped out of2. limit; at3. stayed away from4. remembered learning5. with fear 六、汉译英 1. 我正在骑车回家，这时乌云突然聚集起来。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. 一场大暴雨要来了！ _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. 风刮得越来越大，雷声也越来越响。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. 我决定在商店里等雨小一点。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 5. 幸运的是，这场热浪中没有人受伤。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 6.在雷暴中，你应该选择凉爽的衣物并多喝水。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 7. 当我看到倒下的电线杆时，我吓得脸色苍白。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 8. 最后，雪停了，天空放晴了。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 1. I was riding home when dark clouds gathered suddenly. 2. A heavy rainstorm was coming! 3. The wind blew harder and harder, and the thunder became louder and louder. 4. I decided to wait for the rain to become lighter in the store. 5. Luckily, no one got hurt in the heatwave. 6. You should choose cool clothing and drink lots of water in a thunderstorm. 7. My face turned pale with fear when I saw the fallen power pole. 8. Finally, the snow stopped and the sky cleared up. Wrapping up the Topic 知识清单 重点单词 名词 nose鼻；鼻子mouth嘴 形容词 recent 近来的；新近的normal正常的 代词 none 没有一个 兼类词 several det.,pron.几个;数个 重点短语 add. to .增加；增添；把..加入... break down sth.打倒，砸破（某物） in large numbers 大量地 bring about sth.引起；导致 lead to (doing) sth.导致；造成（后果） global warming 全球变暖 run out of.用完，耗尽（供应品） in recent years 近几年 turn out (to be)+ adj/adv. 结果....,.....地发展（或发生） none of.全都不 重点句子 1.Add more to the safety tips. 增加更多的安全提示。 2. Natural disasters harm the environment, break down houses, and even cause deaths in large numbers.自然灾害会破坏环境，摧毁家园，甚至造成大量死亡。 3. Human activities can bring about natural disasters.人类活动可能引起自然灾害。 4. The burning of coal can lead to global warming. 燃烧煤炭会导致全球变暖。 5. Everything went even more terribly worse after we ran out of food and water in the super storm.在超级风暴中，我们耗尽了食物和水之后，一切都变得更加糟糕。 6. To fight against natural disasters, the better we prepare ourselves, the more easily things will turn out. 为了与自然灾害作斗争，我们准备得越充分，事态就会越容易控制。重点 7. Of the three monkeys, the oldest was (the) most seriously injured in the earthquake.只猴子中，最年长的那只在地震中受伤最重。 8. First, one should know that it is normal to experience such feelings after a disaster.先，人们应该知道，灾后产生这些情绪是正常反应。 9. They have the knowledge and skills to help people fight against such feelings after disasters.他们有知识和技能来帮助人们在灾后与这种情绪作斗争。 10. If none of these methods works, you'd better turn to a doctor.如果这些方法都无效，你最好寻求医生的帮助。 　课文重点解析 考点1.Add more to the safety tips.增加更多的安全提示。 讲add.....to...意为“增加；增添；把...加人...”。 例-Do you need to add more salt to the soup?汤里面还需再加点盐吗？-No.不需要。 拓展add 的相关短语 add sth. in把……加进去;包括 add to sth.使（数量）增加；使（规模）扩大 add up to sth.总共是；总计为 例 -Remember to add in the cost of drinks.记住把饮料费加进去。 -The bad weather added to our difficulties.恶劣的天气增加了我们的困难。 My spending adds up to 1,000 yuan every month.我每月的花销总计达1000元。 考点2.Natural disasters harm the environment, break down houses, and even cause deaths in large numbers.自然灾害会破坏环境，摧毁家园，甚至造成大量死亡。 讲break down sth.意为“打倒，砸破（某物）”，还可表述为break sth. down。 例Firemen had to break down the door to save people inside.消防员不得不把门砸开去救里面的人。 注意break down是“动词+副词”结构的短语，其用法如下： break down+名词= break+名词+down break+代词+down 例Close the door slightly or you'll break it down.关门时轻点，否则你会把它砸坏。 拓展break down 的其他用法及意思 sth. break down1.(机器或车辆)出故障；坏掉2.失败3.(尤指在公共场合)禁不住哭出来消除， break sth.down/breakdown sth.1.驱除（人与人之间的隔阂等）2.使...分解3.拆分，把...分成若干部分（以方便做或理解) 例What was worse, My car broke down yesterday afternoon.更糟糕的是，我的车昨天下午出故障了。 The talks between England and America broke down.英美谈判失败了。 He broke down and cried.他情绪崩溃，哭了出来。 It takes a long time to break down prejudices.消除偏见需要很长时间。 Food is broken down in the stomach.食物在胃里分解。 -The question can be broken down into two parts.这个问题可以被分为两个部分。 　 考点3.Human activities can bring about natural disasters.人类活动可能引起自然灾害。 讲bring about sth. 意为“引起；导致”。还可表述为 bring sth. about。 例-What brought about the change?What brought the change about?是什么导致了这种变化？ 归纳bring 的相关短语 bring sb. sth./bring sth.to sb.给某人带来某物 bring sb./sth. to sp.把某人/某物带到某地 例My mom brought me some books this morning. =My mom brought some books to me this morning.我妈妈今天上午给我带来了一些书。 -Don't bring cellphones to school.不要把手机带到学校来。 考点4.The burning of coal can lead to global warming.燃烧煤炭会导致全球变暖。 讲lead to(doing)sth.意为“导致；造成（后果)”，可与 result in 互换。 例Practicing every day leads to improving your English a lot.每天练习会让你的英语提高很多。 拓展lead 的相关短语 lead to sp.通往（某处） lead sb. to sp.带/引领某人去某处 lead sb. (to sth.)使得出观点；引导（某人） lead sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事 lead a(n)...life过..的生活 The road leads to the seaside.这条路通向海边。 -I can lead you to the hall.我可以带你去礼堂。 -What led you to this conclusion?你是如何得出这个结论的？ -By analyzing the data.通过数据分析。 His being late led us to miss the train.他的迟到导致我们错过了火车。 Finally, they led a happy life.最后，他们过上了幸福的生活。 考点5.Everything went even more terribly worse after we ran out of food and water in the super storm.在超级风暴中，我们耗尽了食物和水之后，一切都变得更加糟糕。 讲run out of.意为“用完，耗尽（供应品）”。 例I've run out of my pocket money.我的零花钱已经用完了。 拓展①“run out of+地点”，意为“从某地跑出来”。 例The dog ran out of the room.狗从房间里跑出来了。 ② run out 还可作不及物动词短语，意为“用完；耗尽”，主语通常是物。 例The oil in the area will run out in 50 years.五十年以后，这儿的石油将用完。 考点6.To fight against natural disasters,the better we prepare ourselves, the more easily things will turn out.为了与自然灾害作斗争，我们准备得越充分，事态就会越容易控制。 讲1)“the+副词比较级，the+副词比较级”，这种结构表示一方的程度随着另一方程度的变化而变化，意为“越....（就）越·....”。 例-The harder you work, the better you'll learn.你越努力，学得就越好。-I see.我知道。 讲2)turn out (to be)+ adj./adv.,意为“结果...；....地发展（或发生）”。 例-Despite our worries everything turned out well.尽管我们都很担心，结果一切都顺利。 You never know how your children will turn out.很难说你的孩子将发展成什么样子。 拓展turn out 的其他意思及用法 tum out1.原来是；证明是；结果是2.出席（某项活动）；在场3.向外；朝外 turn sb./sth. out制造；生产；培养出 turn sth. out/turn out sth.。关掉（灯或热源） turn sb. out (of from sth.)。赶走；逐出；撵走 It turned out that she was a friend of my sister's.她原来是我姐姐的朋友。 He turned out at the end of the meeting yesterday.昨天会议要结束的时候，他来了。 Her toes turn out.她的脚趾向外撇。 The factory turns out 90,000 cars every year.这家工厂每年生产九万辆车。 Remember to turn out the light when leaving.记得离开时把灯关了。 My father always turns me out of his study when he reads.我爸爸阅读时总把我赶出书房。 考点7.First, one should know that it is normal to experience such feelings after a disaster.首先，人们应该知道，灾后产生这些情绪是正常反应。 讲normal,形容词，意为“正常的；典型的；一般的”。 “It is normal (for sb.) to do sth.”,意为“做某事（对某人来说）是正常的”，此时it在句中作形式主语，不定式才是真正的主语。 Her temperature is normal.她的体温正常。 -It is normal to feel tired after such along walk.走了这么久的路，觉得累是正常的。-You're right.你说得对。 考点8.If none of these methods works,you'd better turn to a doctor.如果这些方法都无效，你最好寻求医生的帮助。 讲 none,不定代词，意为“没有一个；毫无”。常见用法如下： none　指代可数名词复数 作主语时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数。 指代不可数名词 作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 I borrowed three books from the library,but none is/are interesting.我从图书馆借了三本书，但没有一本是有趣的。 I wanted to buy some bread, but none was left when I got to the shop.我想买一些面包，但当我到达商店时，什么也没剩下了。 辨析none和 no one none和no one都是不定代词，都表示“三者或三者以上没有一个”，两者用法区别如下 none“没有一个”，既可指人也可以指物。常与 of连用。作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可。否定回答以How much/How many开头的疑问句。 no one“没有人”，只能指人，不能指物。不能与of连用。作主语时，谓语动词用单数。否定回答以 Who开头的疑问句。 例None of the answers is/are right.没有一个答案正确。 -No one likes working on weekends.没人喜欢周末上班。-Yes.是的。 -How many people were late for the meeting?有多少人开会迟到？-None.一个也没有。 -Who was late for the meeting?谁开会迟到了？-No one.没人。 随堂训练 一、单项选择题 1. People should limit their outdoor activities ______ the hottest time of the day to avoid heatstroke. A. in B. on C. at D. for 2. The more carefully we prepare for natural disasters, ______ we can deal with them. A. easier B. the easier C. more easily D. the more easily 3. When an earthquake happens, you must hang on ______ the legs of a strong desk and keep calm. A. to B. with C. for D. of 4. We should learn how ______ ourselves in different kinds of natural disasters. A. protect B. protecting C. to protect D. protected 5. Some people feel scared after a disaster, ______ it is normal to have such feelings. A. and B. but C. so D. or 1. C 解析：考察介词，at the hottest time of the day表示“在一天中最热的时候”，具体时刻/时段前用at。 2. D 解析：考察“the+比较级，the+比较级”句式，deal with是动词短语，用副词easily修饰，比较级为more easily。 3. A 解析：考察固定搭配，hang on to sth. 表示“紧紧抓住某物”。 4. C 解析：考察“疑问词+to do”结构，作宾语。 5. B 解析：考察连词，前后句为转折关系，用but。 二、单句语法填空 1. The forest fire spread _________ (quick) because of the strong wind last week. 2. Among all the natural disasters, floods hit this small town __________________ (serious) last year. 3. If you smell smoke in the forest, you need to leave the place ____________ (immediate). 4. More and more ____________ (disaster) are caused by human activities these years. 5. The little boy kept ___________ (run) until he found a safe place away from the burning house. 1. quickly 解析：副词修饰动词spread。 2. the most seriously 解析：among后接范围，用副词最高级修饰动词hit。 3. immediately 解析：副词修饰动词leave。 4. disasters 解析：more and more后接可数名词复数。 5. running 解析：固定搭配keep doing sth. 表示“持续做某事”。 三、语篇选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的单词，并用其正确形式填空（方框中有2个多余单词） danger, protect, call, hide, break, lead, hot, safe, limit, help, die, stay Natural disasters are always around us and they bring great 1_________ to people's lives. A heatwave makes the weather much 2_________ than usual and it can even cause 3_________ of some animals. Human activities 4_________ to more and more serious natural disasters, such as the burning of coal that makes the earth warmer. When a natural disaster comes, we must know how to 5_________ ourselves. If an earthquake happens, we should 6_________ under a strong desk and not run out of the building. If there is a forest fire, we need to 7_________ 12119 at once and find a 8_________ place to 9_________. We should also 10_________ our outdoor activities when the weather is too bad. 1. danger 2. hotter 3. deaths 4. lead 5. protect 6. hide 7. call 8. safe 9. stay 10. limit 四、短文填空 根据短文内容，在空白处填入适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式 Natural disasters are harmful to everyone. 1.______ most common natural disasters include forest fires, floods, heatwaves and earthquakes. All of them can do great harm to the environment and people's lives. A heatwave can raise the temperature of sea water and it will make sea areas much 2._________ (warm) than before. Global warming is one of the reasons for longer heatwaves, and it is caused by human 3._________ (activity) like burning coal and oil. When a flood comes, people must not walk through fast-moving water, because the water may 4._________ (easy) take people away. If you meet a forest fire, you should protect 5.________ (you) with a wet towel and run away from the burning area. 6._________ you can't find a safe place quickly, you can stay near a river or a pool. For an earthquake, the most important thing is to keep calm and hide under a desk, 7._________ (hold) on to its legs tightly. After a natural disaster, some people may feel sad and scared. It's important to learn how 8._________ (deal) with these feelings. We can share our feelings with family members, and they will give us a lot of 9.____________ (encourage). 10.__________ doing some physical activities is also a good way to make ourselves feel better. 1. The 2. warmer 3. activities 4. easily 5. yourself/yourselves 6. If 7. holding 8. to deal 9. encouragement 10. And 五、根据句意及汉语提示填入适当单词或短语 1. 森林大火不仅烧毁树木，还会使动物们处于危险之中。 Forest fires not only burn down trees but also ________ animals ________ ________. 2. 全球变暖会引发更长的热浪和更严重的暴雨。 Global warming can ________ ________ longer heatwaves and more serious rainstorms. 3. 当自然灾害来临时，我们要尽最大努力保护自己。 We should ________ ________ ________ to protect ourselves when natural disasters come. 4. 不要试图隐藏你的负面情绪，接受它们才是正确的做法。 Don't try to ________ your bad feelings, and it's right to ________ them. 5. 洪水冲毁了许多房屋，甚至造成了大量人员伤亡。 Floods ________ ________ many houses and even ________ many deaths. 1. put; in danger2. lead to3. try our best4. hide; accept5. break down; cause 六、汉译英 1. 火灾发生时，立即拨打119求救是很重要的。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. 如果你不能进入室内，不要站在大树下面或附近。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. 这次超级风暴过后，一切都变得更加糟糕了。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. 为了应对自然灾害，我们最好提前5到10分钟参加安全培训。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 5. 在这三只动物中，那只小熊在地震中受伤最严重。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 6. 用口罩遮住口鼻，眼镜有助于保护你的眼睛。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 7. 远离着火的地方，最好找一个池塘或河流。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 8. 自然灾害会破坏环境，我们应该尽力预防它们。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 1. It is very important to call 119 for help right away when a fire breaks out. 2. If you can't get inside, don't stand under or near tall trees. 3. Everything became even worse after the superstorm. 4. To fight against natural disasters, we'd better attend the safety training 5 to 10 minutes earlier. 5. Of the three animals, the little bear was the most seriously injured in the earthquake. 6. Put a mask over your nose and mouth, and glasses are helpful to protect your eyes. 7. Run away from the burning places, and it's better to find a pool or a river. 8. Natural disasters harm the environment, so we should try our best to prevent them. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $