Unit 4 History and traditions Discovering Useful Structures 过去分词作定语和宾补 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第二册

过去分词作定语和宾补 B2U4-Discovering useful structure GRAMMAR 1 Learning objectives: By the end of the class, you will be able to: 1.understand the function,meaning and use of past participles; 2.express feelings and describe situations using past participles properly. 01 Guessing game：Which country is it? It’s a developed country in Europe. It’s the country once called “ the Empire on which the sun never sets. Its national flag, known as the Union Jack,is made up of three colors:that is red,blue and white. The UK/Britain ... Read and underline the past participles（过去分词）. The UK,Great Britain,Britain and England-these different names often get people confused.Actually,the full name of the country is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland,and the shortened name is"the United Kingdom"or"the UK".It consists of four countries,which share the same flag,known as the Union Jack,currency and military defence.However,they have different education and legal systems as well as traditions. Observe and discover: What’s the function of past participles（过去分词）？ What’s the function of the past participles? And the shortened name is"the United Kingdom"or"the UK". It consists of four countries,which share the same flag,known as the Union Jack,... The UK,Great Britain,Britain and England-these different names often get people confused. as the attribute(定语） as the attribute (定语） as the obeject complement(宾补） Observe and discover: Observe and discover: 01 过去分词作定语 6 And the shortened name is"the United Kingdom"or"the UK". It consists of four countries,which share the same flag,known as the Union Jack,... as the attribute(定语） as the attribute (定语） What’s attribute? 定语是用来修饰、限定_____或_____的品质与特征的，常翻译为“....的”。 Observe and discover: 名词 代词 And the shortened name is"the United Kingdom"or"the UK". It consists of four countries,which share the same flag,known as the Union Jack,... as the attribute(定语） as the attribute (定语） 用来修饰、限定名词或代词的品质与特征的，常翻译为“....的”。 Observe and discover: What is the position and meaning of p.p. used as attribute? 1.单个的过去分词用作定语通常置于其所修饰的名词之_____;过去分词短语用作定语时，一般置于其所修饰的名词之____； 2.过去分词与被修饰的名词是_____________的意义。 被动或完成 前 后 (1)及物动词的过去分词作定语，表示被动和完成，或只强调被动。 The government decided to rebuild the damaged bridge. What’s the language spoken in Germany? 表被动和完成 表被动 过去分词作定语 9 (2)不及物动词的过去分词作定语没有被动意义，只表示完成。 The ground is covered with the fallen leaves. The risen sun offers light and heat necessary for life on the earth. His mother is a ________ (retire) teacher and she is very patient with children. 过去分词作定语 retired 即学即用 10 注意：某些动词的过去分词已成为形容词，这类形容词多用来表示人物的心理特征或感情变化。常见的这类过去分词有：disappointed, moved, interested, surprised, shocked, puzzled, excited, frightened, worried, pleased 等。 The __________(frighten) boy turned around and ran away quickly. 那个受惊的男孩转过身去,很快地跑开了。 From his_______(excite) look, I know he passed the examination. 从他兴奋的表情中，我知道他通过了考试。 frightened excited 过去分词作定语 11 注意：部分过去分词来源于系表结构, 作定语语时不表示“被动关系”, 只表示状态。常见的这种过去分词及短语有: eg:The lady dressed in black is our English teacher. The student lost in thought didn’t hear me. 过去分词作定语 be lost in(陷入某种状态)、be seated(坐着的)、be located /situated in(位于)、be absorbed in(沉溺于)、be born in(出生于)、be dressed in(穿着)、be faced with(面对)等。 12 过去分词(短语)作定语时，相当于一个定语从句。 The works shown at the exhibition are priceless. =The works which are shown at the exhibition are priceless. 展览会上展出的作品是无价之宝。 过去分词作定语 13 practice:同义句转换 They use the same flag,_______________________,as well as share the same currency and military defence. known as the Union Jack 1.They use the same flag,which is known as the Union Jack,as well as share the same currency and military defence. 过去分词作定语 14 The question discussed in the meeting is very important. The boy holding a toy bear in his hands is my baby. 表主动和进行 表被动和完成 过去分词和现在分词作定语的区别 V-ing形式作定语时与所修饰的名词是___________ 的意义；而V-ed 作定语时，则表示_____________ 主动或进行 被动或完成 15 Practice I met a thoughtful young businessman________(name) Bob. Step1 判断是谓语还是非谓语 Step 2 确定充当的成分 named Step 3 找出被修饰的名词，判断主被动关系 过去分词作定语 16 Practice 1.The experience _______ (gain) through this journey will help me get over difficulties in life in the future. 2.Our students need to adapt to the rapidly________(change) world. 过去分词作定语 changing gained 17 02 过去分词作宾补 18 What is the meaning of p.p. used as object complement? They had castles built all around England,... as the obeject complement(宾补） 宾语补足语一般放在宾语_________, 对宾语___________的作用。 宾语和宾补是___________的意义。 之后 补充说明 被动或完成 Observe and discover: 8% Comparing and practising Read each sentence and underline the -ed form as the object complement. 1. Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery charged. 2. When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides, we heard it announced that there were no audio guides left. 3. We found ourselves very surprised by the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery. 4. Judy had her eyes fixed on Van Gogh’s Sunflowers. It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around. 5. She had a copy of the painting boxed to ensure that it was delivered safely. have/get sb./sth. done hear/see/watch/notice sb./sth. done find sb./sth. done have/get/make/keep/leave sb./sth. done I saw him (beat) by his mother. beaten When Mrs. Smith returned home, she found the window open and her jewels ______(steal). stolen 1.感观动词。如：watch, observe, see, notice,hear, listen to, feel,find等接过去分词作宾补时，表示“看到/听到/感觉到/发现某物/某人被.....”。 (1) When we got to school, we saw the door locked. (2) He found his house broken into when he got back home. 当我们到学校时，我们看见门锁着。 回到家他发现家被盗。 V-ed作宾语补足语常用于以下几种情况： (1) We had our car repaired. (2) I'm trying to get this article ________(finish）for Thursday.  (3) She had to shout to make herself ______(hear) above the sound of the music. 2.“使役”动词。如：have, make, get, keep等接过去分词作宾补时，表示 “致使某人/某物被....”。 finished heard 3.表示“希望、愿望、命令”意义的动词。如：want, expect, would like, wish, order等。 (1) The teacher wouldn’t like the problem discussed at the moment. 老师不想此刻讨论这个问题。 (2) I want the suit made to his own measure. 我想要这套衣服照他自己的尺寸做。 4.“with ＋ 宾语 ＋ 过去分词”结构中, 过去分词用作介词with的_________________ 。过去分词与宾语之间是 _______关系。 (1) With his work _______(do), he gladly accepted it. (2) With the matter _______(settle), we all went home happily. 宾语补足语 被动 done settled I saw him watering the flower。 我看见他正在浇花。 I saw him taken away by the police。我看见他被警察带走了。 表主动和进行 表被动和完成 过去分词和现在分词作宾补的区别 现在分词作宾补与宾语构成主动关系；过去分词作宾补与宾语构成被动关系。 27 Practice Makes Perfect 1. She found herself_________by the beauty of the landscape in Australia.(impress) 2. If you want to make the food tastier, you could have more spices(香料） ________to the dishes.(add) 3.He woke up only to _________________.他醒后发现他的汽车被偷了。（find sb/sth done.) 4.I raised my voice so as to _________________.我提高嗓音以使别人能够听见我说话。(make sb/sth done.) impressed added find his car stolen make myself heard How much history do you know about our city? Ruijin, which is located in the south of Jiangxi Province,is a famous city. It is widely known as the "Cradle of the Chinese Revolution" and the starting point of the Long March. (长征） In the 1930s, people founded the Chinese Soviet Republic here, which is known as the "Cradle of the Revolution". Until today, We can still see that many historic sites are well protected in the city,attracting thousands of visitors every year. Walking around the old sites,we can deeply feel that we are inspired.With its long history and colorful traditions, Ruijin is well worth visiting. A brief Introduction to Ruijing Polish (润色）it by using past participles. 1.Ruijin, which is located in the south of Jiangxi Province,is a famous city.(p.p.作定) Ruijin, located in the south of Jiangxi Province,is a famous city. 2. People founded the Chinese Soviet Republic here, which is known as the "Cradle of the Revolution". (P.P作定语) People founded the Chinese Soviet Republic here known as the "Cradle of the Revolution". 3. We can still see that many historic sites are well protected in the city.（P.P作宾补） We can still see many historic sites well protected in the city. 4. Walking around the old sites,we can deeply feel that we are inspired.（P.P作宾补） Walking around the old sites,we can deeply feel ourselves inspired. Polish it by using past participles. Ruijin, located in the south of Jiangxi Province,is a famous city. It is widely known as the "Cradle of the Chinese Revolution" and the starting point of the Long March. (长征） In the 1930s, people founded the Chinese Soviet Republic here, known as the "Cradle of the Revolution". Until today, We can still see many historic sites well protected in the city,attracting thousands of visitors every year. Walking around the old sites,we can deeply feel ourselves inspired.With its long history and colorful traditions, Ruijin is well worth visiting. A brief Introduction to Ruijing “ Summary 过去分词 作定语 作宾补 01 02 (1)单个的过去分词作前置定语;过去分词短语作后置定语。 (2) 及物动词的过去分词作定语，表示被动和完成，或只强调被动。 (3) 不及物动词的过去分词作定语没有被动意义，只表示完成。 (4)部分表示人物情感变化的过去分词，已经形容词化；部分过去分词来源于系表结构, 表示状态。 (1)用于感官类动词之后，如：see, hear, feel, notice, observe (2) 用于使役类动词之后，如：get, make, have, find,leave, keep （3）表示“希望、愿望、命令”意义的动词。如：want，expect等 （4）with ＋ 宾语 ＋ 过去分词”结构中 33 Thank you for watching Grammar 34 $