Unit 3 The world of science 单元语法（现在完成时的被动语态）练习-2025-2026学年外研版高一英语必修第三册

Unit 3 The world of science 现在完成时的被动语态 一、单句语法填空 1．Since its introduction, the first-generation smartwatch mode (replace) by newer versions with improved battery life. 【答案】has been replaced 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：自推出以来，第一代智能手表模式已被电池寿命更长的新版本所取代。根据时间状语Since its introduction可知，句子用现在完成时，主语the first-generation smartwatch mode和replace之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has been replaced。 2．The once-famous ancient city, which had stood for thousands of years, (ruin) by years of war and natural disasters. 【答案】has been ruined 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：这座曾经著名的古城，已经屹立了数千年，却被多年的战争和自然灾害毁于一旦。结合语意可知，此处表示“被毁”这一动作发生在过去，对现在造成影响，所以应使用现在完成时，且主语The once-famous ancient city与ruin之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是单数，助动词用has。故填has been ruined。 3．Many priceless ancient relics (bury) under the fallen buildings ever since the earthquake struck. 【答案】have been buried 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：自从地震发生以来，许多无价的古代遗迹被埋在倒塌的建筑物下面。空处作主句谓语，由ever since可知，主句应用现在完成时，且主语relics和bury之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是复数，助动词用have。故填have been buried。 4．The child (take) good care of by Grandma Wang all these years. 【答案】has been taken 【详解】考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：这孩子这些年来一直由王奶奶悉心照料。由by可知，句子用被动语态，由all these years可知，时态是现在完成时，因此空格处是现在完成时的被动语态，主语The child是单数，因此空格处是has been taken。故填has been taken。 5．It (confirm) since this morning that the office meeting is rescheduled to 3 p.m. 【答案】has been confirmed 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：从今天早上起就已经确认办公室会议改到下午3点了。根据since this morning可知，句子应用现在完成时，confirm与主语It之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是It，助动词用has。故填has been confirmed。 6．Their new house (decorate) for two months and they will settle in it in the near future. 【答案】has been decorated 【详解】考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：他们的新房子已经装修了两个月，不久后他们就要搬进去住了。for two months是现在完成时的标志时间状语，所填谓语动词要用该时态。主语Their new house是单数名词，表示“他们的新房子”，和decorate(装修)之间是被动含义，要用现在完成时的被动语态结构has been+过去分词。故填has been decorated。 7．Unfortunately, with the development of industrialization, the environment (pollute). 【答案】has been polluted 【详解】考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：不幸的是，随着工业化的发展，环境已经被污染了。根据伴随状语“with the development of industrialization(随着工业化的发展)”可知，此处强调工业化发展带来的结果，环境被污染的状态从过去开始持续到现在，要用现在完成时。主语the environment是单数名词，意为“环境”，和所填谓语动词pollute(污染)之间是被动关系，要用现在完成时的被动语态结构has been+过去分词。故填has been polluted。 8．I have learned with delight that you (choose) as “the Best Teenager in Xinjiang” recently. 【答案】have been chosen 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：我欣喜地得知，你近日获评“新疆最佳青少年”。空处为从句的谓语动词，主语you和choose之间为被动关系，结合时间状语recently可知，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是you，助动词用have。故填have been chosen。 9．This also signifies that the Navy’s long-range operational capability (enhance) substantially. 【答案】has been enhanced 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：这也标志着海军的远程作战能力得到了大幅提升。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，此处表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，主语capability与enhance之间是被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为单数，助动词用has。故填has been enhanced。 10．Maodou (fascinate) by traditional Chinese culture since childhood and treats cultural relics as living beings. 【答案】has been fascinated 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：Maodou自童年起就被中国传统文化深深吸引，并将文物视为有生命的个体。根据时间状语since childhood可知，本句时态应用现在完成时，主语Maodou与fascinate“迷住”是被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has been fascinated。 11．The festival is also rich in interesting stories and legends (传说) that (pass) down through generations over the past centuries, adding depth and meaning to the celebration. 【答案】have been passed 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：这个节日也有着许多有趣的故事和传说，这些故事和传说在过去几个世纪里被代代相传，为庆祝活动增添了深度和意义。分析可知，所填动词作从句的谓语。根据时间状语“over the past centuries”可知，此处应是现在完成时，从句主语that指代先行词“stories and legends”，与“pass down”是动宾关系，且主语为复数，此处应是现在完成时的被动语态“have been done”。故填have been passed。 12．Facial recognition technology (extend) into many areas of school life so far. 【答案】has been extended 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，人脸识别技术已经被应用到学校生活的许多领域。根据时间状语so far可知，时态用现在完成时，且句子主语Facial recognition technology与动词extend“使达到，涉及（范围）”之间是被动关系，因此需用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has been extended。 13．The database (update) up to now, ensuring data accuracy and reliability throughout the entire system. 【答案】has been updated 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，数据库已经更新，确保了整个系统中数据的准确性和可靠性。空处为句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语“up to now”可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语The database和动词update之间为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为单数，助动词用has。故填has been updated。 14．The old house (repair) several times since last year, but it still looks shabby. 【答案】has been repaired 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：这所老房子自去年以来已经被修缮了好几次，但看起来仍然很破旧。根据since last year可知，repair“修缮”这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子时态应用现在完成时，主语The old house和repair之间是被动关系，所以要用现在完成时的被动语态 ，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has been repaired。 15．All the information about the project (gather) up to now, and we’re ready to start the project. 【答案】has been gathered 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，关于这个项目的所有信息已经收集完毕，我们已经准备好开始这个项目了。此句为并列句，空处在第一分句中作谓语动词，主语All the information与gather之间为被动关系，由时间状语up to now可知应用现在完成时的被动语态，information不可数，All the information作主语，助动词用单数has，故填has been gathered。 16．Large amounts of money (charge) for the repairs up to now. 【答案】have been charged 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：到目前为止，维修费用已经花了一大笔钱。主语Large amounts of money与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文up to now可知为现在完成时的被动语态；amounts of+名词作主语，是复数意义，助动词用have。故填have been charged。 17．A large quantity of money (raise) to help those suffering from the disaster since a year ago. 【答案】has been raised 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：自一年前以来，已经筹集了大量的资金来帮助那些遭受灾难的人。主语A large quantity of money和raise之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“since a year ago”可知此处使用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是不可数名词，助动词使用has。故填has been raised。 18．Mary (employ) at this job since she graduated from college. 【答案】has been employed 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：玛丽大学毕业后就一直从事这份工作。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，时间状语为since she graduated from college，表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在，时态应用现在完成时，employ和主语Mary之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，且主语为单数，助动词用has。故填has been employed。 19．The famous play called Romeo and Juliet (perform) on the stage for many times since 16th century. 【答案】has been performed 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：自16世纪以来，著名的戏剧《罗密欧与朱丽叶》已在舞台上演出过多次。perform(演出)是谓语动词，与主语The famous play called Romeo and Juliet之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“since 16th century”可知，表示从过去持续到现在的行为，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是单数名词，助动词应用has。故填has been performed。 20．Before we begin, I want to ask you: have you ever been (awe) by natural wonders? 【答案】awed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在我们开始之前，我想问你：你曾经对自然奇观感到敬畏吗?根据空后的by可知，此处用被动语态，空前已有be动词，所以空处填过去分词形式。故填awed。 21．It is known to us all that Shakespeare (recognise) as one of the greatest playwrights so far. 【答案】has been recognised 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：众所周知，莎士比亚被认为是迄今为止最伟大的剧作家之一。根据so far可知此处要用现在完成时，且主语是Shakespeare，与recognise之间是动宾关系，因此要用被动语态。故填has been recognised。 22．Since the first Earth Day in 1970, the number of cities producing CO beyond the standard (reduce) from 40 to 9. 【答案】has been reduced 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：自1970年第一个地球日以来，排放二氧化碳超标的城市数量已从40个减少到9个。主语the number of cities与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文Since the first Earth Day in 1970可知为现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用has。故填has been reduced。 23．The main problem is that not all Chinese characters (code) into computer systems. 【答案】have been coded 【详解】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：主要的问题是，并不是所有的汉字都被编码进了计算机系统。结合句意可知，此处表示过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，且主语characters和动词code之间是被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是名词复数，助动词用have，故填have been coded。 24．In recent years, social policy (dominate) by cutting down expenses. 【答案】has been dominated 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：近年来，社会政策一直以削减开支为主导。根据In recent years可知，本句为现在完成时，且social policy 与dominate为被动关系，所以本句为现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been dominated。 25．Over the past three years, more than $10 million (spend) on the project. 【答案】has been spent 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的三年里，这个项目已经花费了1000多万美元。根据“over the past three years”及“more than $10 million”承受谓语动词spend的动作，谓语动词应该使用现在完成时的被动语态，主语“more than $10 million”表示金钱，谓语动词用单数，故填has been spent。 26．So far, large quantities of private information (leak) to the advertisement agency illegally. 【答案】have been leaked 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：到目前为止，大量的私人信息被非法泄露给了广告公司。主语large quantities of private information与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文So far可知为现在完成时的被动语态，“large quantities of +不可数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数形式，助动词用have。故填have been leaked。 27．It is reported that countless cultural objects (steal) over the last couple of centuries. 【答案】have been stolen 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：据报道，在过去的几个世纪里，无数的文物被盗。主语objects与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文over the last couple of centuries可知为现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用have。故填have been stolen。 28．Wildcats are the UK’s rarest native mammal and (hunt) to extinction in most parts of Britain for their thick hair in the past decades. 【答案】have been hunted 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：野猫是英国最稀有的本土哺乳动物，在过去几十年中，由于其浓密的毛发，在英国大部分地区被猎杀至灭绝。根据句中的时间状语in the past decades，这里应用现在完成时。主语为Wildcats，谓语应用复数，且主语和hunt之间是动宾关系，所以应用被动语态。故填have been hunted。 29．It (prove) that eating vegetables in childhood helps protect you against serious illness in later life. 【答案】has been proved 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：事实证明，在童年时期吃蔬菜有助于保护你在以后的生活中免受严重疾病的侵害。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定句型it has been proved that，意为“事实证明......”。根据语境可知，“吃蔬菜有助于保护疾病侵害”这一事实是已经被证实的，因此可使用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been proved。 30．In the past few years, every possible means (use) to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear. 【答案】has been used 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：在过去的几年里，人们用尽了一切可能的方法来防止空气污染，但天空仍然不晴朗。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文In the past few years可知为现在完成时的被动语态。主语为every possible means，助动词用has。故填has been used。 二、完成句子 31．他们公司已签约承建一座横跨大江的桥。 Their firm ___________ a bridge across the great river. 【答案】has been contracted to build /has entered into a contract to build/has made a contract to build/has signed a contract to build 【详解】考查时态、语态和固定短语。contract“与……订立合同(或契约)”，“已签约”表明动作发生在过去且对现在有影响，要用现在完成时，主语their firm是被别人签约、被委托去建桥，而不是公司主动去 “签别人”，所以主语和contract之间是被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态；表示“建造”用build，用不定式，作目的状语。也可以用固定短语enter into/make/sign a contract to build，表示“已经签订合同来建造”，谓语用has entered into/made/signed。故填has been contracted to build或has entered into/made/signed a contract to build。 32．被遮蔽了一整天的太阳现在出来了。 The sun, ________________________________, no comes out. 【答案】which has been hidden all day 【详解】考查定语从句。空白处需要一个定语从句修饰先行词“The sun”。根据汉语提示，句子表示的是过去发生的动作对现在的影响，且从句主语与谓语之间为被动关系，使用现在完成时的被动语态；因先行词在从句中作主语，关系词用 which，表示“遮蔽”可用动词hide，“被遮蔽了一整天”可翻译为“which has been hidden all day”。故填 which has been hidden all day。 33．我们的办公室已从北京迁到上海。 Our office____________________ Shanghai from Beijing. 【答案】has been removed to 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。分析句意可知，本句时态可用现在完成时，表示“迁到”可用动词短语remove to，因为remove和主语Our office之间是被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态，谓语动词用have been done结构，又因为主语是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has。故答案为has been removed to。 34．这一重要的农耕节日（一般）会在所有农作物收割完毕后举行。 This important agricultural festival takes place after all the crops have been ____________________. 【答案】harvested 【详解】考查动词和被动语态。表示“收割”应用动词harvest，和主语all the crops构成被动关系，根据空前的have been可知，使用现在完成时的被动语态，空处使用过去分词。故填harvested。 35．该工人按所花费的时间得到了充分的报酬。 The worker ________________ for the time he spent on it. 【答案】has been paid in full measure 【详解】考查动词和介词短语。“得到报酬”使用动词pay，“充分”使用介词短语in full measure，pay和主语worker之间是被动关系，且句子是描述过去发生的事情对现在的影响，使用现在完成时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，助动词用has，故填has been paid in full measure。 36．自从新年起这聚会就已经在筹划了。(plan) The party ______ ______ ______ since the New Year. 【答案】 has been planned 【详解】考查时态和语态。分析句子结构，句子缺失谓语动词，结合汉语提示“筹划”，应使用动词plan。根据时间状语since the New Year，表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，并且对现在产生影响，因此句子应使用现在完成时。主语the party与动词plan之间存在被动关系，故使用现在完成时的被动语态，即has/have been planned。主语the party为单数形式，助动词应使用has。故填has been planned。 37．到目前为止，这一概念被运用于绘画、建筑和雕塑中。 So far, this concept  _________________ painting, architecture and sculpture. 【答案】has been applied to 【详解】考查时态主谓一致和动词短语。“被应用于”be applied to，由So far可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语为单数名词，助动词用has。故填has been applied to。 38．正如我们多次强调的，学好英语对你未来的职业发展是非常重要的。 ________________, learning English well is of great importance to your career development in the future. 【答案】As has been stressed many times 【详解】考查定语从句。“强调”使用动词stress，“多次”译为many times，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是后面的主句，关系词在从句中作主语，有“正如”之意，使用关系代词as引导，和动词stress之间是被动关系，且从句是描述过去发生的事情对现在的影响，使用现在完成时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，故填As has been stressed many times。 39．李华已取代马丽，被选为我班班长。 Li Hua ________________ monitor of our class to take the place of Ma Li. 【答案】has been elected 【详解】考查动词语态、主谓一致。由所给句意可知，空格处应表达“被选为”。表示“选举”用elect，结合句子意思可知“李华已经被选”，句子时态用现在完成时，且主语Li Hua与elect为被动关系，句子用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has been elected。 40．最近，他的小说被翻译成好几种外语。 Recently his novel ____________________________________. 【答案】has been translated into many foreign languages 【详解】考查名词、动词和动词的时态和语态。分析句意再根据Recently可知，本句时态可用现在完成时的被动语态表示“小说被翻译”这一动作已经完成。表示“翻译成”可用动词短语translate into，且用现在完成时的被动语态形式，又因为主语his novel是单数，所以用has been translated into；表示“好几种”可用many；表示“外语”可用短语foreign language，且用复数形式。故答案为has been translated into many foreign languages。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 The world of science 现在完成时的被动语态 一、单句语法填空 1．Since its introduction, the first-generation smartwatch mode (replace) by newer versions with improved battery life. 2．The once-famous ancient city, which had stood for thousands of years, (ruin) by years of war and natural disasters. 3．Many priceless ancient relics (bury) under the fallen buildings ever since the earthquake struck. 4．The child (take) good care of by Grandma Wang all these years. 5．It (confirm) since this morning that the office meeting is rescheduled to 3 p.m. 6．Their new house (decorate) for two months and they will settle in it in the near future. 7．Unfortunately, with the development of industrialization, the environment (pollute). 8．I have learned with delight that you (choose) as “the Best Teenager in Xinjiang” recently. 9．This also signifies that the Navy’s long-range operational capability (enhance) substantially. 10．Maodou (fascinate) by traditional Chinese culture since childhood and treats cultural relics as living beings. 11．The festival is also rich in interesting stories and legends (传说) that (pass) down through generations over the past centuries, adding depth and meaning to the celebration. 12．Facial recognition technology (extend) into many areas of school life so far. 13．The database (update) up to now, ensuring data accuracy and reliability throughout the entire system. 14．The old house (repair) several times since last year, but it still looks shabby. 15．All the information about the project (gather) up to now, and we’re ready to start the project. 16．Large amounts of money (charge) for the repairs up to now. 17．A large quantity of money (raise) to help those suffering from the disaster since a year ago. 18．Mary (employ) at this job since she graduated from college. 19．The famous play called Romeo and Juliet (perform) on the stage for many times since 16th century. 20．Before we begin, I want to ask you: have you ever been (awe) by natural wonders? 21．It is known to us all that Shakespeare (recognise) as one of the greatest playwrights so far. 22．Since the first Earth Day in 1970, the number of cities producing CO beyond the standard (reduce) from 40 to 9. 23．The main problem is that not all Chinese characters (code) into computer systems. 24．In recent years, social policy (dominate) by cutting down expenses. 25．Over the past three years, more than $10 million (spend) on the project. 26．So far, large quantities of private information (leak) to the advertisement agency illegally. 27．It is reported that countless cultural objects (steal) over the last couple of centuries. 28．Wildcats are the UK’s rarest native mammal and (hunt) to extinction in most parts of Britain for their thick hair in the past decades. 29．It (prove) that eating vegetables in childhood helps protect you against serious illness in later life. 30．In the past few years, every possible means (use) to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear. 二、完成句子 31．他们公司已签约承建一座横跨大江的桥。 Their firm ___________ a bridge across the great river. 32．被遮蔽了一整天的太阳现在出来了。 The sun, ________________________________, no comes out. 33．我们的办公室已从北京迁到上海。 Our office____________________ Shanghai from Beijing. 34．这一重要的农耕节日（一般）会在所有农作物收割完毕后举行。 This important agricultural festival takes place after all the crops have been ____________________. 35．该工人按所花费的时间得到了充分的报酬。 The worker ________________ for the time he spent on it. 36．自从新年起这聚会就已经在筹划了。(plan) The party ______ ______ ______ since the New Year. 37．到目前为止，这一概念被运用于绘画、建筑和雕塑中。 So far, this concept  _________________ painting, architecture and sculpture. 38．正如我们多次强调的，学好英语对你未来的职业发展是非常重要的。 ________________, learning English well is of great importance to your career development in the future. 39．李华已取代马丽，被选为我班班长。 Li Hua ________________ monitor of our class to take the place of Ma Li. 40．最近，他的小说被翻译成好几种外语。 Recently his novel ____________________________________. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $