专题01 时态和语态（复习讲义）（辽宁专用）2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

专题01 时态和语态（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析· 考情目标 02 筑· 专题框架 03 攻· 重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 谓语动词的时态 考点二 谓语动词的语态 04 测· 预测闯关 命题 透视 谓语动词的时态和语态在中考英语中通常以单选，词性变换（包括用所给词适当形式填空和选词填空），翻译句子等形式出现。省统考后主要以语篇填空中用所给词适当形式填空的形式考察。 热考 角度 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 2022年 2021年 谓语动词的时态 ① 辽宁·35题 ① 沈阳·8题 ② 大连·4题 ③ 大连·5题 ④ 大连·10题 ⑤ 大连·46题 ⑥ 大连·53题 ⑦ 鞍山·5题 ⑧ 鞍山·53题 ⑨ 鞍山·66题 ⑩ 丹东·8题 ⑪ 丹东·14题 ⑫ 丹东·19题 ⑬ 丹东·82题 ⑭ 丹东·86题 ⑮ 丹东·88题 ⑯ 丹东·89题 ⑰营口·8题 ⑱阜新·9题 ⑲阜新·34题 ⑳ 盘锦·7题 (21)盘锦·59题 (22)盘锦·60题 (23) 朝阳·7题 ① 沈阳·7题 ② 大连·5题 ③ 大连·8题 ④ 大连·52题 ⑤ 鞍山·5题 ⑥ 丹东·10题 ⑦ 丹东·16题 ⑧ 丹东·19题 ⑨ 丹东·64题 ⑩ 锦州·48题 ⑪ 营口·14题 ⑫ 阜新·9题 ⑬ 阜新·47题 ⑭ 盘锦·8题 ⑮ 朝阳·51题 ① 沈阳·5题 ② 沈阳·43题 ③ 大连·7题 ④ 大连·52题 ⑤ 鞍山·49题 ⑥ 丹东·16题 ⑦ 丹东·61题 ⑧ 营口·72题 ⑨ 阜新·13题 ⑩ 盘锦·6题 ⑪ 盘锦·51题 谓语动词的语态 ① 辽宁·38题 ① 辽宁·34题 ① 大连·9题 ② 大连·58题 ③ 鞍山·54题 ④ 丹东·12题 ⑤ 锦州·42题 ⑥ 营口·6题 ⑦ 营口·71题 ⑧ 阜新·10题 ⑨ 盘锦·8题 ⑩ 朝阳·8题 ① 大连·10题 ② 大连·58题 ③ 丹东·13题 ④ 丹东·64题 ⑤ 营口·17题 ⑥ 阜新·10题 ⑦ 盘锦·9题 ⑧ 朝阳·7题 ① 沈阳·48题 ② 大连·10题 ③ 鞍山·54题 ④ 丹东·16题 ⑤ 锦州·46题 ⑥ 营口·16题 ⑦ 朝阳·9题 命题 预测 在整体语篇中有可能涉及到无时态语态标志词的考法，需要考生通读上下文，根据相关的情景和语境判断动词的时态和语态。 考点一 谓语动词的时态 一、单项选择 1．（2021·辽宁沈阳·中考真题）5. Tomorrow I’m flying to Beijing. I ________ there for the following three weeks. A．am B．have been C．will be D．was 2．（2021·辽宁大连·中考真题）7. Lingling met her favourite presenter while she ________ the radio station. A．visits B．will visit C．is visiting D．was visiting 3．（2021·辽宁阜新·中考真题）13. —What were you doing at 7:00 yesterday evening, Lisa? —I ________ up the kitchen with my mother. A．clean B．cleaned C．was cleaning D．am cleaning 4．（2021·辽宁盘锦·中考真题）6. Students in Class One ________ for the singing competition at the moment. A．prepare B．are preparing C．prepared D．are going to prepare 5．（2022·辽宁沈阳·中考真题）7. The Art of War is great and I________ it many times so far. A．read B．have read C．am reading D．will read 6．（2022·辽宁大连·中考真题）5. Once a term, there ________ a parents’ meeting in our school. A．is B．are C．was D．were 7．（2022·辽宁大连·中考真题）8. Sally ________ with a Chinese family since she came to Dalian. A．stays B．will stay C．has stayed D．was staying 8．（2022·辽宁鞍山·中考真题）5. —I called you just now, but you didn’t answer. —I ________ the piano at that time. A．plays B．am playing C．was playing D．will play 9．（2022·辽宁丹东·中考真题）10. — Mingming, where is your brother? — Look! He _______ on the playground. A．runs B．is running C．was running D．ran 10．（2022·辽宁丹东·中考真题）16. Next year, _______ a new road leading to the village. A．there is B．there are C．there will be D．there was 11．（2022·辽宁丹东·中考真题）19. — It’s a pity that there is no ticket for sale. — Don’t worry. I _______ the tickets. A．am buying B．buy C．was buying D．have bought 12．（2022·辽宁营口·中考真题）14. David is very productive and ________ five books in the past ten years. A．writes B．wrote C．has written D．is writing 13．（2022·辽宁阜新·中考真题）9. China ________ nine gold medals at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics. A．wins B．is winning C．won D．will win 14．（2022·辽宁盘锦·中考真题）8. The little boy won’t go to sleep unless his mom _________ him a story. A．tells B．told C．is telling D．will tell 15．（2023·辽宁沈阳·中考真题）8. After this exam, you ________ a wonderful holiday next month. Take it easy! A．have B．have had C．had D．will have 16．（2023·辽宁大连·中考真题）4. Look! The children ________ a dragon dance with my grandpa in the playground. A．learn B．learned C．are learning D．will learn 17．（2023·辽宁大连·中考真题）5. The Danube is a river in Europe. It ________ through Vienna. A．will go B．went C．goes D．has gone 18．（2023·辽宁大连·中考真题）10. All of us ________ great progress since we started junior high school. A．are making B．made C．will make D．have made 19．（2023·辽宁鞍山·中考真题）5. —The traffic is more convenient than before. —Yes. Another bridge ________ over this river last year. A．is built B．was built C．builds D．will be built 20．（2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）8. We ________ friends since I came to this school. A．are B．were C．will be D．have been 21．（2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）14. Ben believes he ________ a college student in 3 years. A．becomes B．became C．will become D．has become22．（2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）19. — Where’s your brother, Bob? — Look! He ________ the car in the yard. A．is cleaning B．cleaned C．cleans D．will clean 23．（2023·辽宁营口·中考真题）8. Tim ________ Touching China on CCTV with his family from 8:00 to 9:00 last Saturday evening. A．was watching B．will watch C．watched D．has watched 24．（2023·辽宁阜新·中考真题）9. His family ________ towards a greener life since 2020. A．work B．worked C．will work D．have worked 25．（2023·辽宁盘锦·中考真题）7. Mary ________ as a volunteer at a reading program since 2 years ago. A．worked B．has worked C．is working D．will work 26．（2023·辽宁朝阳·中考真题）7. —What did you do last weekend? —I ________ to the movies with my friends. A．will go B．go C．goes D．went 二、语篇填空 1.（2021·辽宁大连·中考真题改编）52. One day Robert was so curious (好奇的) that he asked Amanda what they talked about, but she 11 (reply), “We’re best friends. 2.（2021·辽宁鞍山·中考真题改编）49. This amused（使发笑）the reader who posted a video of the argument on December 30, 2020. Soon, the video (become) popular online. 3.（2021·辽宁丹东·中考真题改编）61. Do you know China’s Teeth Care Day? It (fall) on September 20 every year. 4. （2021·辽宁营口·中考真题改编）72. In the past, it wasn’t popular with western children, but most of them (change) their minds already. 5. （2021·辽宁盘锦·中考真题改编）51. “I have (send) out one top hat already. 6. （2022·辽宁大连·中考真题改编）52. And true to his words, that little elf began to do Patrick’s homework. Sometimes he (know) what to do and he needed help. “Help me! Help me!” he’d say. And Patrick would have to help — in whatever way. 7. （2022·辽宁丹东·中考真题改编）64. The museum (teach) people many things about sock knitting(编织). 8. （2022·辽宁锦州·中考真题改编）48. Zhuge Liang’s soldiers then (turn) the boats around and shouted, “Thank you for your arrows, Cao Cao.” 9. （2022·辽宁阜新·中考真题改编）47. “After I finished secondary school, my results (show) that I was better at doing things than at reading books. 10. （2022·辽宁朝阳·中考真题改编）51. Many Chinese people these days leave their hometowns to work in the cities. They usually (return) to their hometowns one or two times a year. 11.（2023·辽宁大连·中考真题改编）46. Scientists are trying to find life on Mars but they ________ anything yet. (not find) 12.（2023·辽宁大连·中考真题改编）53. At last, in 1955, he (be able to) return to China. 13. （2023·辽宁鞍山·中考真题改编）53. The Chinese nation has always held dear Laozi’s ideas about water. In 2014, President Xi Jinping (mention) it at the welcome dinner of the 22nd APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting in Beijing. 14.（2024·辽宁·中考真题）36. “Last month, we (have) several matches against other schools. 三、完成句子 1．（2023·辽宁鞍山·中考真题）66. 我们的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。 Great changes __________ already __________ in our hometown. 2．（2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）82. 令我们吃惊的是，艾丽斯通过了考试。 To our surprise, Alice ________________________________________. 3．（2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）86. 每天饭后有许多人在公园里散步。 ________________________________ walking in the park after dinner every day. 4．（2023·辽宁盘锦·中考真题）59. 昨天这个时候吉米正在修理自行车。 Jimmy _______________________________________ this time yesterday. 5．（2023·辽宁盘锦·中考真题）60. 上学期海伦参加了一些艺术俱乐部的活动。 Helen ______________________________________ some activities at the art club last term. 四、翻译句子 1．（2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）88. 你买这块手表多久了？ _________________________________________________________________________ 2．（2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）89. 昨晚八点他在做什么? _________________________________________________________________________ 3．（2023·辽宁阜新·中考真题）34. 我们的生活越来越好。 _________________________________________________________________________ 一、 一般现在时 vs 一般过去时 vs 一般将来时 这三者构成时间轴的“三点一线”，主要考查根据时间状语或语境判断动作发生的“时间段”。 1. 一般现在时 考点：① 客观事实/真理；② 经常性、习惯性动作；③ 在时间状语从句（when, until, as soon as）和条件状语从句（if, unless）中，用一般现在时表将来（主将从现）。 标志词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, every day, on Sundays。 2. 一般过去时 考点：① 过去发生的动作或存在的状态（与现在无关）；② 表示过去经常发生的动作。 标志词：yesterday, last night, ...ago, in 2010, just now, the other day。 3. 一般将来时 考点：① will + do（计划外/预测）；② be going to + do（计划/根据迹象推测）；③ 进行时表将来（come, go, leave, arrive 等位移动词用现在进行时表将来）。 标志词：tomorrow, next week, in the future, soon, in + 一段时间（常用于将来时，但注意 in+过去时间 用于过去时）。 二、 现在进行时 vs 过去进行时 1. 现在进行时 考点：① 说话此刻正在发生；② 现阶段正在持续（但此刻未必进行）；③ 与 always 连用表示厌烦或赞扬等情绪（如 He is always losing his keys.）。 标志词：now, at the moment, Look! Listen!，以及特定的上下文语境。 2. 过去进行时 考点：① 过去某一时刻正在做；② 必考点：when（常接短暂性动词，用一般过去时）与 while（常接延续性动词，用过去进行时）引导的时间状语从句。 句型：I was watching TV when the phone rang.（长动作进行中，短动作插入） 句型：While I was watching TV, my mother came in. 三、 现在完成时 1. 核心概念 结果/影响：动作发生在过去，但对现在有影响（常无明确时间状语）。 持续性：动作从过去开始，一直持续到现在（必须与延续性动词连用）。 2. 标志词 已完（非持续）：already（肯），yet（否/疑），ever, never, just（刚刚）。 未完（持续）：for + 时间段，since + 时间点/从句，so far, in the past/last few years, up to now。 3. 三大易错点 与一般过去时的混淆： 有明确过去时间（yesterday, last week）→ 一般过去时。 强调对现在的影响或经历 → 现在完成时。 · 非延续性动词的转换（必考）： 在 for/since 结构中，必须将非延续性动词改为延续性动词或状态词。 buy → have（I have had the bike for 5 years. 不能写成 have bought） join → be in / be a member of die → be dead begin → be on borrow → keep leave → be away (from) marry → be married · 易错句型： have/has been to vs have/has gone to： have/has been to：去过某地（已回来），常接 ever, never, once, twice 等次数。 have/has gone to：去了某地（尚未回来，或在路上）。 1．—What was Tina doing last night? —She _______(compare) the writing styles (写作风格) between William Shakespeare and Charles Dickens. 2．Tom ________ (regret) missing the wonderful school speech contest because of his carelessness last month. 3．She tried many times and finally ________ (success) in passing the driving test. 4．Milk, along with eggs, always ________ (sell) well in the store because they are healthy. 5．Everything that ________ (happen) to us in the past few years becomes part of us. 6．I admire Marie Curie because she ________ (win) the Nobel Prize twice during her lifetime. 7．—Ann, it’s time for bed. You’d better not stay up too late. —But mum, my pen-pals ________ (discuss) some problems with me. 8．The robot shop owner has promised to Mr Jiang that all his things ________ (lay) in the right place as soon as the home robot is fixed and returned to him. 9．Why don’t you develop the habits which ________ (be) of great help to your study? 10．We ________ (travel) to Europe if we have enough money next summer holiday. 11．When we first entered Mr. Zheng’s room, he ________ (water) flowers on the balcony. 12．This lemon ________ (remain) fresh after being stored in the refrigerator for a month. 考点二 谓语动词的语态 一、单项选择 1．（2021·辽宁大连·中考真题）10. The 2022 Asian Games ________ in Hangzhou. A．hold B．held C．will be held D．have held 2．（2021·辽宁丹东·中考真题）16. We ________ to reach for our dreams in the graduation ceremony last week. A．encourage B．are encouraged C．encouraged D．were encouraged 3．（2021·辽宁营口·中考真题）16. Where we should go ________ next Friday. A．is decided B．was decided C．will be decided D．has been decided 4．（2022·辽宁大连·中考真题）10. In the Wolong Panda Reserve, visitors ________ to get closer to pandas. A．allow B．allowed C．are allowing D．are allowed 5．（2022·辽宁丹东·中考真题）13. —Do Chinese people like ping-pong a lot? —Yes. It _______ by people of all ages. A．plays B．is played C．played D．was played 6．（2022·辽宁营口·中考真题）17. A speech on robots ________ in the school hall next Friday afternoon. A．is given B．will be given C．was given D．has been given 7．（2022·辽宁阜新·中考真题）10. Chinese ________ by more and more people around the world today. A．learns B．learned C．was learned D．is learned 8．（2022·辽宁盘锦·中考真题）9. It’s said that tea _________ for the first time about 5,000 years ago. A．drinks B．drank C．is drunk D．was drunk 9．（2022·辽宁朝阳·中考真题）7. It’s said that tea __________ by accident about five thousand years ago. A．was invented B．is invented C．will be invented D．were invented 10．（2023·辽宁大连·中考真题）9. The Qatar World Cup ________ from November 21 to December 18 last year. A．holds B．held C．was held D．is held 11．（2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）12. Tea is very popular in the world. It ________ in many different areas in China now. A．produces B．produced C．is produced D．was produced 12．（2023·辽宁营口·中考真题）6. —Students ________ a few open questions in Ms. Li’s class, did you notice that? —Yes, I think she wanted to train their ability of creative thinking. A．are asked B．were asked C．will be asked D．should be asked 13．（2023·辽宁阜新·中考真题）10. —Wow, 2023 Friendship Forest Tree Planting Activity was a great success! —Yes. I knew many trees ______ for a better environment. A．plant B．were planted C．planted D．are planted 14．（2023·辽宁盘锦·中考真题）8. It is reported that 6G technology ________ widely in a short time. A．used B．will use C．is used D．will be used 15．（2023·辽宁朝阳·中考真题）8. —Quite a lot of endangered animals ________ in nature parks every year. —That’s great! Animals are our friends. A．protect B．were protected C．are protected D．protected 二、语篇填空 1. （2021·辽宁鞍山·中考真题改编） 54. When they (interview) on January 1, 2021, the two seemed to have already forgiven（原谅）each other. 2. （2021·辽宁锦州·中考真题改编）46. He thought that people and animals should (treat) equally （平等地）. 3. （2021·辽宁沈阳·中考真题改编）48. Spring (consider) to be the most valuable time of the year for farming. 4. （2022·辽宁大连·中考真题改编）58. You see, in the end, Patrick still thought all his homework (do) by the tiny man. But I’ll share a secret, just between you and me. It wasn’t the elf; Patrick did it himself! 5. （2022·辽宁丹东·中考真题改编）66. When people visit the different parts of the museum, they can find out answers to some questions, such as “How are socks (make), what are ancient socks liker, who wore socks in the past.” 6. （2023·辽宁大连·中考真题改编）58. Qian watched this rocket launch on television. He was by that time a very old man. He died in 2009, at the age of 98, but he will always be (remember) for his great contributions(贡献). 7. （2023·辽宁鞍山·中考真题改编）54. In 2014, President Xi Jinping mentioned it at the welcome dinner of the 22nd APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting in Beijing. He said APEC members are (bring) together by the water of the Pacific Ocean and have a shared responsibility to make the Pacific an ocean of peace, friendship and cooperation (合作). 8.（2023·辽宁锦州·中考真题改编）42. Most traditional Chinese festivals build a right order of relationships among humans. They (celevrate) for nature by humans, too. 9. （2023·辽宁营口·中考真题）71. For thousands of years, bamboo inspired artists to create works of art. In the hands of artisans （手艺人）, bamboo can (make) into beautiful objects. 10.（2024·辽宁·中考真题）32. To do this, keep your hand open and use your palm (手掌) to hit it. Usually, gloves (need), but you can choose not to wear them. 11.（2025·辽宁·中考真题）38. Last night, an old couple found a snake in their house and Uncle Jason (send) to offer help. 一、 被动语态的基本结构 1) 一般现在时 am/is/are + done 2) 一般过去时 was/were + done 3) 一般将来时 will be + done 4) 现在进行时 am/is/are being + done 5) 过去进行时 was/were being + done 6) 现在完成时 have/has been + done 二、主动语态变被动语态 步骤： 1) 原宾语 变 主语 2) 原主语 变 by 的宾语（可省略） 3) 动词 改为 be + 过去分词（be 的时态与原句时态一致） 4) be 动词 的人称和数与新主语一致 e.g. They plant trees every spring. → Trees are planted by them every spring. He wrote this novel. → This novel was written by him. They will hold a meeting. → A meeting will be held. 三、 特殊考点与易错点 1. 无被动语态的动词 · 不及物动词：happen, take place, occur, appear, disappear, rise, die, last 等 ✅ Great changes have taken place. ❌ have been taken place · 系动词：look, sound, feel, taste, smell 用主动表被动 ✅ The soup tastes good. ❌ is tasted · 某些及物动词：have, belong to, cost 等 ✅ The book belongs to me. ❌ is belonged to 2. 主动表被动的高频结构 · need/want/require + doing = need + to be done The car needs washing. = needs to be washed · be worth doing The film is worth watching.（无 being watched 形式） · sell, wash, write, read 等与 well, easily 连用时 This pen writes smoothly. The book sells well. 3. 双宾语动词的被动 如 give, send, show, tell, teach, offer, buy 两种变式： 人作主语：I was given a book.（更常见） 物作主语：A book was given to me.（需保留介词） 4. 短语动词的被动 被动时介词/副词不能丢掉：The children are taken good care of.（of 不可省略） 时态 + 语态综合解题步骤 1. 判断语态：主语是动作的发出者（主动）还是承受者（被动）？ 2. 判断时态：根据时间状语或上下文确定动作发生的时间。 3. 套用结构：选择对应时态的被动结构 be + done，注意 be 的形式变化。 4. 检查细节： · 主谓一致 · 非延续性动词是否误用 · being 是否遗漏 · 介词是否保留 1．My bike ________ (steal) last night so I walked to school this morning. 2．She ________ (fool) by the salesman and bought all these expensive but useless things. 3．The robot shop owner has promised to Mr Jiang that all his things ________ (lay) in the right place as soon as the home robot is fixed and returned to him. 4．Jiangnan, a famous area in China,__________in many Chinese poems for its beautiful style so far. (mention) 5．On December 18th, Hainan Free Trade Port (FTP) introduced a key policy (政策) named “whole-island customs closure” (全岛封关), which ________ (consider) to be an important milestone in China’s opening-up drive. 6．It’s reported that Metro Line 5 ________ (finish) in another four years. 7．Who ______ (choose) to play the lead role in the next film hasn’t been decided. 8．Basketball ________ (invent) by a Canadian doctor named James Naismith in 1891. 9．Maybe books ________ (replace) by the Internet in the future. 10．New-born baby pandas ________ (lay) in the incubator by panda keepers in the breeding center. 11．It is said that the mountains ________ (cover) with trees in a few years. 12．Eric was made _______ (do) the dishes by his mother. 一、单词拼写 1．（2024·江苏无锡·一模）In Disneyland, visitors _________ (allow) to get close to cartoon characters. 2．（23-24九年级上·甘肃天水·期末）The light in the room must ________ (turn) off before you leave. 3． Over $30,000 ________ (raise) for a children’s hospital by a British girl several months ago. 4．—Do you have problems if you ______ (offer) this job? —Well, I’m still thinking about it. 5．（25-26九年级上·重庆北碚·月考）He rose to his feet, picked up the book and ________ (shut) the door quietly. 6．（25-26九年级上·重庆北碚·期末）My father looked at me and ________ (nod) to show that he agreed with what I said. 7．（25-26九年级上·甘肃白银·期末）Many useful things for the country were ________ (produce) in the old factories. 8．（25-26九年级上·甘肃平凉·期末）Lucy and her pen pal ________ (exchange) gifts during their first face-to-face meeting last month. 9．（25-26九年级上·西藏拉萨·期末）So far, the engineers ________ (complete) three high-speed railway projects in western China. 10．（25-26九年级上·江苏宿迁·月考）Since you ________ (learn) how to use chopsticks, I won’t prepare forks or knives for you. 11．（25-26九年级上·甘肃平凉·月考）It’s been three years since we last ________ (see) our primary school classmates. 12．The doors and windows ________ (remain) closed when I came back again. 13．Many people believe that teenagers should ________（allow）to make their own decisions in some ways. 14．The beggar ________ (refuse) to enter the room because he was very dirty. 15．The beans of this kind ________ (sell) in only a few coffee shops in Shanghai at present. 16．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）Simon and I ________ (work) on a history project now. 17．（2025·四川达州·中考真题）He always ________ (spend) time with his family on weekends. 18．（2025·江苏无锡·模拟预测）Last term, Mr Liu ________ (teach) us English for three months. 19．（2025·江苏无锡·模拟预测）—I didn’t see you at the party last night, Anna. We ________ (expect) you then. —Oh, really? I was too busy and forgot all about it. 20．—Is your father a doctor? —Yes, he is. He ________ (work) in Children’s Hospital. 二、语篇填空 A （25-26九年级下·浙江金华·开学考试） Xunpu is a small fishing village in Fujian. Once, some women shared their photos online. They had their hair in buns (发髻) and 1 (wear) special local headdresses with fresh, 2 (color) flowers called “Zanhuawei”. These photos became very popular online. Soon, many 3 (tourist) started coming to the village to see “Zanhuawei” in person. Wearing flowers has been a tradition in Xunpu since the Tang Dynasty. The village is known 4 its delicious, fresh seafood. At the market, women selling seafood wear flowers in their hair, making 5 easy for customers to tell them from other sellers. This flower tradition is also part of celebrations like weddings. Invitations come decorated with flowers, and women guests wear these flowers to the event. In Xunpu, the style of flower headdresses changes with 6 (wearer) age. Teenagers around 13 wear their hair in round buns with fresh flowers in them. Middle-aged women choose spiral (螺旋的) buns, decorating them with flowers and gold. Elderly women prefer red flowers, scarves 7 other decorations. There is 8 old saying in Xunpu, “Put flowers in your hair in this life and you’ll also be pretty in the afterlife.” Though the culture of wearing flowers keeps 9 (change) all the time, the flower-wearing traditions of Xunpu women have remained to the present day, symbolizing Xunpu women’s hopes for a 10 (good) life. B The Government Work Report said schools could have spring and autumn holidays for students. This news has caused a hot discussion 1 it was first mentioned in the government work report. These holidays offer students 2 chance to relax and get closer to nature. They can help students keep a balance between study and rest. What’s more, they can make travel less busy during long holidays and improve the 3 (develop) of the local tourism. However, the policy also brings problems. The 4 (big) one is that many parents cannot take paid leave. While students enjoy their holidays, parents have to work. To solve the problem, the government is taking action. It asks companies to follow the paid leave rules 5 (strict). Some places also provide free activities and care 6 (service) for students during holidays. Parents also hope 7 (spend) more time with their children during the holidays. You simply cannot imagine 8 excited the students are when they know the spring holiday this year is 9 April 2nd to 7th. They all believe holidays 10 (help) them grow better in the future. 三、完形填空 （2026·陕西西安·二模）阅读文章，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使文章连贯完整。 A few days later, Leo’s younger sister, Mia, saw his beautiful bicycle. “I want one like Leo’s.” she said eagerly (渴望地). Leo 1 his sister’s feelings. So he and his mother thought they needed to start another big project like a few 2 ago. The following Saturday, Leo and his mother bought a small, purple bicycle for Mia at the local second-hand shop. It wasn’t in perfect condition. Leo knew they 3 fix it. This time, Leo taught Mia how to clean the frame, just as his mother had shown him. He explained the names of the tools. Mia listened carefully. When there were problems 4 , Leo knew what to do exactly. He learned patience from his mother. Their mother mostly watched. She smiled 5 she watched Leo guiding his sister. He was so 6 and kind, repeating the same encouraging words she had once said to him. When it was finally done, Mia was very happy. She climbed onto the 7 , and Leo held the back to help her balance (平衡). That night, the mother told Leo, “Today you taught her that she has the 8 to repair a bike.” Leo felt warm. The next day, Leo saw Mia “fixing” her doll’s carriage (马车). Leo realized that practice and knowledge are like a chain. His 9 had passed them to him, and now he was passing them to Mia. It was a chain that would never, ever 10 . He knew that this was one of the most important lessons his mother had ever taught him. 1．A．found B．realized C．understood D．answered 2．A．minutes B．hours C．days D．years 3．A．had to B．didn’t have to C．might D．might not 4．A．something B．anything C．somewhere D．anywhere 5．A．when B．because C．if D．until 6．A．nervous B．angry C．patient D．worried 7．A．wheel B．chain C．seat D．bell 8．A．chance B．ability C．courage D．method 9．A．sister B．cousin C．mother D．brother 10．A．work B．fix C．finish D．break 四、任务型阅读 （25-26九年级下·辽宁锦州·开学考试）阅读下面的材料，根据内容回答问题。 As smartphones are widely used in our lives, more and more people, especially teenagers, find that their verbal (口头的) skills are getting worse. They find it hard to express themselves clearly when talking to others. Many people consider the overuse of emojis (表情符号) and Internet slang (俚语) to be a main reason. For example, people often use “6” to show they are surprised, and they have trouble clearly expressing how surprised they are to others. As a result, their verbal skills are badly influenced. To change this situation, we students should use exact words more often to tell others our thoughts. Another reason can be that we hardly ever check the words before texting or speaking. The world of digital communication (数字通信) has provided us with a free environment to communicate with others. In such an environment, we may not pay attention to the words we use. Therefore, we may fail to improve our verbal skills in the long run. We need to take digital communication seriously. Besides, speaking verbally is a good and commonly used way. For example, we can choose to talk to our friends or even some strangers we meet. The only thing we should remember is to use exact words while we are talking. All in all, our verbal skills will never be improved unless we take action. Talk in a more formal (正式) way from now on. It’s also important to reduce the overuse of emojis and Internet slang. I hope that you can find my suggestions useful in improving your verbal skills. 1．How many reasons are given for teenagers’ difficulty in expressing themselves clearly when talking to others? 2．How do people often show they are surprised when using smartphones? 3．What should we do to improve our verbal skills? 4．Do you think teenagers should improve their verbal skills? List your two reasons. Write 30 words or more. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 时态和语态（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析· 考情目标 02 筑· 专题框架 03 攻· 重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 谓语动词的时态 考点二 谓语动词的语态 04 测· 预测闯关 命题 透视 谓语动词的时态和语态在中考英语中通常以单选，词性变换（包括用所给词适当形式填空和选词填空），翻译句子等形式出现。省统考后主要以语篇填空中用所给词适当形式填空的形式考察。 热考 角度 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 2022年 2021年 谓语动词的时态 ① 辽宁·35题 ① 沈阳·8题 ② 大连·4题 ③ 大连·5题 ④ 大连·10题 ⑤ 大连·46题 ⑥ 大连·53题 ⑦ 鞍山·5题 ⑧ 鞍山·53题 ⑨ 鞍山·66题 ⑩ 丹东·8题 ⑪ 丹东·14题 ⑫ 丹东·19题 ⑬ 丹东·82题 ⑭ 丹东·86题 ⑮ 丹东·88题 ⑯ 丹东·89题 ⑰营口·8题 ⑱阜新·9题 ⑲阜新·34题 ⑳ 盘锦·7题 (21)盘锦·59题 (22)盘锦·60题 (23) 朝阳·7题 ① 沈阳·7题 ② 大连·5题 ③ 大连·8题 ④ 大连·52题 ⑤ 鞍山·5题 ⑥ 丹东·10题 ⑦ 丹东·16题 ⑧ 丹东·19题 ⑨ 丹东·64题 ⑩ 锦州·48题 ⑪ 营口·14题 ⑫ 阜新·9题 ⑬ 阜新·47题 ⑭ 盘锦·8题 ⑮ 朝阳·51题 ① 沈阳·5题 ② 沈阳·43题 ③ 大连·7题 ④ 大连·52题 ⑤ 鞍山·49题 ⑥ 丹东·16题 ⑦ 丹东·61题 ⑧ 营口·72题 ⑨ 阜新·13题 ⑩ 盘锦·6题 ⑪ 盘锦·51题 谓语动词的语态 ① 辽宁·38题 ① 辽宁·34题 ① 大连·9题 ② 大连·58题 ③ 鞍山·54题 ④ 丹东·12题 ⑤ 锦州·42题 ⑥ 营口·6题 ⑦ 营口·71题 ⑧ 阜新·10题 ⑨ 盘锦·8题 ⑩ 朝阳·8题 ① 大连·10题 ② 大连·58题 ③ 丹东·13题 ④ 丹东·64题 ⑤ 营口·17题 ⑥ 阜新·10题 ⑦ 盘锦·9题 ⑧ 朝阳·7题 ① 沈阳·48题 ② 大连·10题 ③ 鞍山·54题 ④ 丹东·16题 ⑤ 锦州·46题 ⑥ 营口·16题 ⑦ 朝阳·9题 命题 预测 在整体语篇中有可能涉及到无时态语态标志词的考法，需要考生通读上下文，根据相关的情景和语境判断动词的时态和语态。 考点一 谓语动词的时态 一、单项选择 1．（2021·辽宁沈阳·中考真题）5. Tomorrow I’m flying to Beijing. I ________ there for the following three weeks. A．am B．have been C．will be D．was 【答案】C 【详解】句意：明天我将飞往北京。我将在那里呆三个星期。 考查时态辨析。for the following three weeks在接下来的三周内，是一般将来时的标志，可知用will be结构，故选C。 2．（2021·辽宁大连·中考真题）7. Lingling met her favourite presenter while she ________ the radio station. A．visits B．will visit C．is visiting D．was visiting 【答案】D 【详解】句意：玲玲在参观广播电台时遇到了她最喜欢的主持人。 考查时态。while引导的时间状语从句，主句用一般过去时，从句表示过去某个时段正在进行的动作，用过去进行时was/were doing结构，故选D。 3．（2021·辽宁阜新·中考真题）13. —What were you doing at 7:00 yesterday evening, Lisa? —I ________ up the kitchen with my mother. A．clean B．cleaned C．was cleaning D．am cleaning 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——昨天晚上7点你在干什么，丽莎？——我和妈妈在一起打扫厨房。 考查动词时态。根据提问“What were you doing at 7:00 yesterday evening”可知，询问的是过去某个时候正在做什么，应该用过去进行时(was/were doing)，这里主语为I，故选C。 4．（2021·辽宁盘锦·中考真题）6. Students in Class One ________ for the singing competition at the moment. A．prepare B．are preparing C．prepared D．are going to prepare 【答案】B 【详解】句意：一班的学生此刻正在为歌唱比赛做准备。 考查动词时态。根据提示词“at the moment”可知，句子要用现在进行时is/am/are doing的结构，故选B。 5．（2022·辽宁沈阳·中考真题）7. The Art of War is great and I________ it many times so far. A．read B．have read C．am reading D．will read 【答案】B 【详解】句意：《孙子兵法》很棒，到目前为止我已经读过很多遍了。 考查动词时态。根据so far可知，此句应用现在完成时have/has done的结构，主语为I，助动词用have。故选B。 6．（2022·辽宁大连·中考真题）5. Once a term, there ________ a parents’ meeting in our school. A．is B．are C．was D．were 【答案】A 【详解】句意：每个学期，我们学校都会举行一次家长会。 考查动词时态和be动词的用法。根据“Once a term”可知，此处是描述一个一般性情况，需用一般现在时，可排除CD选项；且“a parents’ meeting”是单数，be动词用is。故选A。 7．（2022·辽宁大连·中考真题）8. Sally ________ with a Chinese family since she came to Dalian. A．stays B．will stay C．has stayed D．was staying 【答案】C 【详解】句意：萨莉自从来到大连以来一直住在一个中国家庭。 考查动词时态。根据“since she came to Dalian.”可知，本句时态是现在完成时。故选C。 8．（2022·辽宁鞍山·中考真题）5. —I called you just now, but you didn’t answer. —I ________ the piano at that time. A．plays B．am playing C．was playing D．will play 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我刚才打电话给你，但你没接。——那时我正在弹钢琴。 考查动词时态。根据“at that time.”可知此句应用过去进行时，故选C。 9．（2022·辽宁丹东·中考真题）10. — Mingming, where is your brother? — Look! He _______ on the playground. A．runs B．is running C．was running D．ran 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——明明，你的弟弟在哪里？——看！他正在操场上跑步。 考查动词时态。根据“Look!”可知，此句用现在进行时am/is/are doing的结构，故选B。 10．（2022·辽宁丹东·中考真题）16. Next year, _______ a new road leading to the village. A．there is B．there are C．there will be D．there was 【答案】C 【详解】句意：明年，将有一条新路通往村庄。 考查时态。根据“Next year”可知此句时态是一般将来时，There be句型的一般将来时结构是There will be。故选C。 11．（2022·辽宁丹东·中考真题）19. — It’s a pity that there is no ticket for sale. — Don’t worry. I _______ the tickets. A．am buying B．buy C．was buying D．have bought 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——很遗憾没有票出售了。——别担心。我已经买票了。 考查时态。根据“Don’t worry.”可知别担心，因为已经买票了，过去对现在的影响，用现在完成时。故选D。 12．（2022·辽宁营口·中考真题）14. David is very productive and ________ five books in the past ten years. A．writes B．wrote C．has written D．is writing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：大卫工作效率很高，在过去十年中已经写了五本书。 考查现在完成时。根据句中时间状语“in the past ten years”可知“在过去的十年中”，由此可知，此句时态为现在完成时，其结构为：have/has done。故选C。 13．（2022·辽宁阜新·中考真题）9. China ________ nine gold medals at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics. A．wins B．is winning C．won D．will win 【答案】C 【详解】句意：中国在2022年北京冬奥会赢得了9枚金牌。 考查时态。根据“...at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.”可知此处指发生过的事情，用一般过去时。故选C。 14．（2022·辽宁盘锦·中考真题）8. The little boy won’t go to sleep unless his mom _________ him a story. A．tells B．told C．is telling D．will tell 【答案】A 【详解】句意：小男孩不会去睡觉，除非他妈妈给他讲故事。 考查条件状语从句的主将从现。分析句子结构，unless引导条件状语从句，主句中的“won’t”说明主句用一般将来时，根据“主将从现”原则，从句应用一般现在时来表示将来的动作。从句主语his mother为第三人称单数，因此动词tell也应用动词的第三人称单数形式tells。故选A。 15．（2023·辽宁沈阳·中考真题）8. After this exam, you ________ a wonderful holiday next month. Take it easy! A．have B．have had C．had D．will have 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这次考试后，你下个月将有一个美好的假期。别紧张！ 考查动词时态。根据“next month”可知，时态是一般将来时，结构是will do。故选D。 16．（2023·辽宁大连·中考真题）4. Look! The children ________ a dragon dance with my grandpa in the playground. A．learn B．learned C．are learning D．will learn 【答案】C 【详解】句意：看！孩子们正在操场上和我爷爷学舞龙。 考查时态。根据“Look! The children...a dragon dance with my grandpa in the playground.”可知，强调动作正在发生，用现在进行时，故选C。 17．（2023·辽宁大连·中考真题）5. The Danube is a river in Europe. It ________ through Vienna. A．will go B．went C．goes D．has gone 【答案】C 【详解】句意：多瑙河是欧洲的一条河流。它经过维也纳。 考查时态。根据“The Danube is a river in Europe. It...through Vienna.”可知，此处陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是It，谓语动词用单三形式，故选C。 18．（2023·辽宁大连·中考真题）10. All of us ________ great progress since we started junior high school. A．are making B．made C．will make D．have made 【答案】D 【详解】句意：自从我们开始上初中以来，我们都取得了很大的进步。 考查时态。根据“since we started junior high school”可知，此处是“现在完成时+since+一般过去时”结构，故选D。 19．（2023·辽宁鞍山·中考真题）5. —The traffic is more convenient than before. —Yes. Another bridge ________ over this river last year. A．is built B．was built C．builds D．will be built 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——交通比以前更方便了。——是的。去年在这条河上又建了一座桥。 考查被动语态。主语Another bridge和谓语build之间是被动关系，根据“last year”可知句子用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选B。 20．（2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）8. We ________ friends since I came to this school. A．are B．were C．will be D．have been 【答案】D 【详解】句意：自从我来到这所学校，我们就一直是朋友。 考查动词时态。since引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，故选D。 21．（2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）14. Ben believes he ________ a college student in 3 years. A．becomes B．became C．will become D．has become 【答案】C 【详解】句意：本相信三年后他会成为一名大学生。 考查动词时态。此句为宾语从句，主句为一般现在时，从句时态不限，根据“in 3 years”（三年后）可知从句应用一般将来时，故选C。 22．（2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）19. — Where’s your brother, Bob? — Look! He ________ the car in the yard. A．is cleaning B．cleaned C．cleans D．will clean 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你哥哥在哪里，鲍勃？——看！他正在院子里清洗汽车。 考查动词时态。根据“Look!”可知哥哥正在洗汽车，应用现在进行时，故选A。 23．（2023·辽宁营口·中考真题）8. Tim ________ Touching China on CCTV with his family from 8:00 to 9:00 last Saturday evening. A．was watching B．will watch C．watched D．has watched 【答案】A 【详解】句意：上周六晚上8点到9点，蒂姆和家人一起看中央电视台的《感动中国》。 考查过去进行时。根据“from 8:00 to 9:00 last Saturday evening”可知，强调过去的时间点，动作正在发生，用过去进行时。故选A。 24．（2023·辽宁阜新·中考真题）9. His family ________ towards a greener life since 2020. A．work B．worked C．will work D．have worked 【答案】D 【详解】句意：自2020年以来，他的家人一直致力于更环保的生活。 考查时态。work一般现在时；worked一般过去时；will work一般将来时；have worked现在完成时。根据“since 2020”可知用现在完成时。故选D。 25．（2023·辽宁盘锦·中考真题）7. Mary ________ as a volunteer at a reading program since 2 years ago. A．worked B．has worked C．is working D．will work 【答案】B 【详解】句意：玛丽从两年前就开始在一个阅读项目做志愿者。 考查时态。根据“since 2 years ago”可知句子用现在完成时have/has done。故选B。 26．（2023·辽宁朝阳·中考真题）7. —What did you do last weekend? —I ________ to the movies with my friends. A．will go B．go C．goes D．went 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你上周末做了什么？——我和朋友去看电影了。 考查时态。根据“last weekend”可知，是一般过去时，故选D。 二、语篇填空 1.（2021·辽宁大连·中考真题改编）52. One day Robert was so curious (好奇的) that he asked Amanda what they talked about, but she 11 (reply), “We’re best friends. 【答案】replied 【详解】句意：有一天罗伯特非常好奇，就问阿曼达她们都在聊些什么，但她回答说：“我们是最好的朋友……”根据“he asked Amanda what they talked about”可知，他问阿曼达，因此她要进行回答，reply回答，根据asked可知，此处用一般过去时，故填replied。 2.（2021·辽宁鞍山·中考真题改编）49. This amused（使发笑）the reader who posted a video of the argument on December 30, 2020. Soon, the video (become) popular online. 【答案】became 【详解】 52. 句意：很快，这段视频就在网上流行起来。根据“Soon, the video…popular online.”可知，此处需要系动词作谓语，备选词become符合语境，本句时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填became。 3.（2021·辽宁丹东·中考真题改编）61. Do you know China’s Teeth Care Day? It (fall) on September 20 every year. 【答案】falls 【详解】句意：恰逢每年9月20日。此处应填一个动词作谓语，根据“It began in 1989.”和备选词汇可知，此处表达“恰逢”，fall on表示“恰逢”，根据“every year”可知，该句为一般现在时，主语“It”是第三人称单数，谓语用动词的三单，“fall”的三单形式是“falls”。故填falls。 4. （2021·辽宁营口·中考真题改编）72. In the past, it wasn’t popular with western children, but most of them (change) their minds already. 【答案】have changed 【详解】 句意：在过去，它不受西方孩子的欢迎，但大多数孩子已经改变了看法。根据“In the past, it wasn’t popular with western children, but most of them...their minds already.”以及备选词汇可知，现在大多数的西方孩子已经改变了对《西游记》的看法，change“改变”，动词；根据“already”可知，此处时态为现在完成时，结构为have/has done，主语most of them为复数形式，此处用助动词have，change的过去分词形式为changed。故填have changed。 5. （2021·辽宁盘锦·中考真题改编）51. “I have (send) out one top hat already. 【答案】sent 【详解】句意：我已经送出去一顶高帽了。根据“out one top hat already”及备选词，可知，此处用send out表示“发送，送出”，have与过去分词构成现在完成时结构，故填sent。 6. （2022·辽宁大连·中考真题改编）52. And true to his words, that little elf began to do Patrick’s homework. Sometimes he (know) what to do and he needed help. “Help me! Help me!” he’d say. And Patrick would have to help — in whatever way. 【答案】didn’t know 【详解】 句意：有时他不知道该怎么做，他需要帮助。根据“he needed help.”可知，此处是指不知道做什么，要用否定形式；再结合“needed”可知，需用一般过去时，借助于助动词didn’t，后接动词原形know“知道”。故填didn’t know。 7. （2022·辽宁丹东·中考真题改编）64. The museum (teach) people many things about sock knitting(编织). 【答案】teaches 【详解】句意：这个博物馆教给人们许多关于袜子编织的知识。根据“The museum...people many things about sock knitting”和备选词可知，博物馆教人们很多事情，teach“教”，时态是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单。故填teaches。 8. （2022·辽宁锦州·中考真题改编）48. Zhuge Liang’s soldiers then (turn) the boats around and shouted, “Thank you for your arrows, Cao Cao.” 【答案】turned 【详解】 句意：诸葛亮的士兵把船转过来。根据“Zhuge Liang’s soldiers then...the boats around and shouted”可知是指把船转过来，开回去，turn符合语境，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填turned。 9. （2022·辽宁阜新·中考真题改编）47. “After I finished secondary school, my results (show) that I was better at doing things than at reading books. 【答案】 showed 【详解】 句意：中学毕业后，我的成绩表明我更擅长做事情，而不是读书。根据“my results...that I was better at doing things than at reading books”可知，成绩表明一些事情，show“表明”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填showed。 10. （2022·辽宁朝阳·中考真题改编）51. Many Chinese people these days leave their hometowns to work in the cities. They usually (return) to their hometowns one or two times a year. 【答案】return 【详解】 句意：他们通常每年回乡一或两次。根据上一句“leave their hometowns”可知此处指他们回到家乡。根据usually可知该句应用一般现在时。主语They为第三人称复数，谓语用动词原形。备选词汇return“返回”符合题意。故填return。 11.（2023·辽宁大连·中考真题改编）46. Scientists are trying to find life on Mars but they ________ anything yet. (not find) 【答案】haven’t found 【详解】句意：科学家们正试图在火星上寻找生命，但他们还没有发现任何东西。根据“yet”可知，句子应用现在完成时，结构是“have/has+过去分词”，主语是they，助动词用have，否定直接在have后接not，可以缩写成haven’t，故填haven’t found。 12.（2023·辽宁大连·中考真题改编）53. At last, in 1955, he (be able to) return to China. 【答案】was able to 【详解】 句意：最后，在1955年，他回到了中国。根据“At last, in 1955, he...return to China.”可知，最后回到了中国，be able to“能”，时态是一般过去时，故填was able to。 13. （2023·辽宁鞍山·中考真题改编）53. The Chinese nation has always held dear Laozi’s ideas about water. In 2014, President Xi Jinping (mention) it at the welcome dinner of the 22nd APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting in Beijing. 【答案】 mentioned 【详解】 句意：2014年，习近平主席在北京举行的亚太经合组织第二十二次领导人非正式会议的欢迎晚宴上提到了这一点。根据“President Xi Jinping...it at the welcome dinner”结合选词可知，习近平主席提到了老子这种思想。mention“提到”，动词，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填mentioned。 14.（2024·辽宁·中考真题）36. “Last month, we (have) several matches against other schools. 【答案】had 【详解】句意：上个月，我们和其他学校进行了几场比赛。根据“Last month”可知，是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填had。 三、完成句子 1．（2023·辽宁鞍山·中考真题）66. 我们的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。 Great changes __________ already __________ in our hometown. 【答案】 have taken place 【详解】take place表示“发生”，不用于被动语态；根据already可知本句是现在完成时，主语是复数，助动词用have。故填have；taken place。 2．（2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）82. 令我们吃惊的是，艾丽斯通过了考试。 To our surprise, Alice ________________________________________. 【答案】passed the exam 【详解】pass the exam“通过考试”，是动词短语。根据语境可知，动作已经发生，应用一般过去时，故填passed the exam。 3．（2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）86. 每天饭后有许多人在公园里散步。 ________________________________ walking in the park after dinner every day. 【答案】There are many people 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处是There be句型，句子是一般现在时。many people“许多人”，作主语，be动词用are。故填There are many people。 4．（2023·辽宁盘锦·中考真题）59. 昨天这个时候吉米正在修理自行车。 Jimmy _______________________________________ this time yesterday. 【答案】was fixing (up) his (the) bike (bicycle)/was repairing his (the) bike (bicycle) 【详解】fix (up)/repair“修理”；bike (bicycle)“自行车”，根据“this time yesterday”可知，表示过去某个时刻正在发生的事情，用过去进行时，主语Jimmy是第三人称单数形式，助动词用was，故填was fixing (up) his (the) bike (bicycle)/was repairing his (the) bike (bicycle)。 5．（2023·辽宁盘锦·中考真题）60. 上学期海伦参加了一些艺术俱乐部的活动。 Helen ______________________________________ some activities at the art club last term. 【答案】took part in/ joined in/attended 【详解】参加：take part in/join in/attend；根据“last term”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填took part in/joined in/attended。 四、翻译句子 1．（2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）88. 你买这块手表多久了？ _________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】How long have you had this watch? 【详解】how long“多长时间”；buy“买”，短暂性动词，和一段时间连用，需要变为对应的延续性动词have；this watch“这块手表”。本句是现在完成时，主语是you“你”，助动词用have，过去分词为had，疑问句中需要把have放置于主语前。故填How long have you had this watch? 2．（2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）89. 昨晚八点他在做什么? _________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】What was he doing at eight last night? 【详解】根据句意可知，此句应用过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作，其特殊疑问句结构为：What+was/were +主语+doing+时间状语。he“他”，主语是单数，be动词用was；do“做”，动词；at eight last night“昨晚八点”。故填What was he doing at eight last night? 3．（2023·辽宁阜新·中考真题）34. 我们的生活越来越好。 _________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Our lives are getting better and better. 【详解】“我们的生活”our lives；“越来越好”get better and better。此处用现在进行时表示逐渐变化。故填Our lives are getting better and better. 一、 一般现在时 vs 一般过去时 vs 一般将来时 这三者构成时间轴的“三点一线”，主要考查根据时间状语或语境判断动作发生的“时间段”。 1. 一般现在时 考点：① 客观事实/真理；② 经常性、习惯性动作；③ 在时间状语从句（when, until, as soon as）和条件状语从句（if, unless）中，用一般现在时表将来（主将从现）。 标志词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, every day, on Sundays。 2. 一般过去时 考点：① 过去发生的动作或存在的状态（与现在无关）；② 表示过去经常发生的动作。 标志词：yesterday, last night, ...ago, in 2010, just now, the other day。 3. 一般将来时 考点：① will + do（计划外/预测）；② be going to + do（计划/根据迹象推测）；③ 进行时表将来（come, go, leave, arrive 等位移动词用现在进行时表将来）。 标志词：tomorrow, next week, in the future, soon, in + 一段时间（常用于将来时，但注意 in+过去时间 用于过去时）。 二、 现在进行时 vs 过去进行时 1. 现在进行时 考点：① 说话此刻正在发生；② 现阶段正在持续（但此刻未必进行）；③ 与 always 连用表示厌烦或赞扬等情绪（如 He is always losing his keys.）。 标志词：now, at the moment, Look! Listen!，以及特定的上下文语境。 2. 过去进行时 考点：① 过去某一时刻正在做；② 必考点：when（常接短暂性动词，用一般过去时）与 while（常接延续性动词，用过去进行时）引导的时间状语从句。 句型：I was watching TV when the phone rang.（长动作进行中，短动作插入） 句型：While I was watching TV, my mother came in. 三、 现在完成时 1. 核心概念 结果/影响：动作发生在过去，但对现在有影响（常无明确时间状语）。 持续性：动作从过去开始，一直持续到现在（必须与延续性动词连用）。 2. 标志词 已完（非持续）：already（肯），yet（否/疑），ever, never, just（刚刚）。 未完（持续）：for + 时间段，since + 时间点/从句，so far, in the past/last few years, up to now。 3. 三大易错点 与一般过去时的混淆： 有明确过去时间（yesterday, last week）→ 一般过去时。 强调对现在的影响或经历 → 现在完成时。 · 非延续性动词的转换（必考）： 在 for/since 结构中，必须将非延续性动词改为延续性动词或状态词。 buy → have（I have had the bike for 5 years. 不能写成 have bought） join → be in / be a member of die → be dead begin → be on borrow → keep leave → be away (from) marry → be married · 易错句型： have/has been to vs have/has gone to： have/has been to：去过某地（已回来），常接 ever, never, once, twice 等次数。 have/has gone to：去了某地（尚未回来，或在路上）。 1．—What was Tina doing last night? —She _______(compare) the writing styles (写作风格) between William Shakespeare and Charles Dickens. 【答案】was comparing 【详解】句意：——蒂娜昨晚在做什么？——她正在对比威廉·莎士比亚和狄更斯的写作风格。问句使用了过去进行时“was doing”，询问“昨晚蒂娜正在做什么”。答句需要描述“昨晚那个时间段正在进行的动作”，因此也使用过去进行时。主语是She，be动词用was，compare的现在分词是comparing。 2．Tom ________ (regret) missing the wonderful school speech contest because of his carelessness last month. 【答案】regretted 【详解】句意：Tom很后悔上个月因为粗心错过了精彩的学校演讲比赛。regret“后悔”，是谓语动词，根据“last month”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，此处应用其过去式，双写t加ed。 3．She tried many times and finally ________ (success) in passing the driving test. 【答案】succeeded 【详解】句意：她尝试了许多次并且最终成功通过驾照考试。success“成功”，是名词，根据“and”可知，此处应填动词作并列谓语，success的动词形式为succeed，由“tried”可知，此处应用其过去式succeeded。 4．Milk, along with eggs, always ________ (sell) well in the store because they are healthy. 【答案】sells 【详解】句意：牛奶和鸡蛋在商店里总是很畅销，因为它们很健康。sell“卖”，动词，在句中作谓语。根据“always”可知，句子时态为一般现在时；along with连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词遵循“就远原则”，即与前面的主语保持一致，本句中前面的主语“Milk”为不可数名词，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式sells。 5．Everything that ________ (happen) to us in the past few years becomes part of us. 【答案】has happened 【详解】句意：过去几年发生在我们身上的一切都成为了我们的一部分。happen“发生”，动词，根据“in the past few years”可知，时态是现在完成时，主语是Everything，助动词用has。故填has happened。 6．I admire Marie Curie because she ________ (win) the Nobel Prize twice during her lifetime. 【答案】won 【详解】句意：我敬佩玛丽·居里，因为她一生中两次获得诺贝尔奖。“居里夫人两次获得诺贝尔奖”是发生在过去的事实，不涉及现在，因此从句用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式won。 7．—Ann, it’s time for bed. You’d better not stay up too late. —But mum, my pen-pals ________ (discuss) some problems with me. 【答案】are discussing 【详解】句意：安，该睡觉了。你最好别熬夜太晚。但是妈妈，我的笔友们正在和我讨论一些问题。此处表示此刻正在进行的动作，用现在进行时，结构为be+现在分词；主语my pen-pals是复数，be动词用are，discuss的现在分词是discussing，故填are discussing。 8．The robot shop owner has promised to Mr Jiang that all his things ________ (lay) in the right place as soon as the home robot is fixed and returned to him. 【答案】will be laid 【详解】句意：机器人商店的老板已经向江先生承诺，家用机器人一修好并送还给他，他所有的东西都会被放在正确的位置。as soon as引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来，主句用一般将来时；且all his things和lay是被动关系，要用被动语态，结构为will be+过去分词，lay的过去分词是laid。 9．Why don’t you develop the habits which ________ (be) of great help to your study? 【答案】are 【详解】句意：你为什么不养成对你的学习有很大帮助的习惯呢？be“是”，动词。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词“habits”是复数，且句子描述的是一般事实，时态用一般现在时，所以be动词用are。故填are。 10．We ________ (travel) to Europe if we have enough money next summer holiday. 【答案】will travel 【详解】句意：如果我们明年暑假有足够的钱，我们就去欧洲旅行。travel“旅行”，动词；if引导条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，主句用一般将来时。故填will travel。 11．When we first entered Mr. Zheng’s room, he ________ (water) flowers on the balcony. 【答案】was watering 【详解】句意：当我们第一次走进郑先生的房间时，他正站在阳台上浇花。根据“When we first entered Mr. Zheng’s room”可知，在过去经过郑先生房间的时候，他正在浇花，是过去进行时was/were doing，主语是he，be动词用was，water的现在分词是watering。故填was watering。 12．This lemon ________ (remain) fresh after being stored in the refrigerator for a month. 【答案】remains 【详解】句意：这个柠檬在冰箱里储存一个月之后，仍然保持新鲜。根据“This lemon...fresh”可知空格处需填入动词，在句子中作谓语，句子主语This lemon是第三人称单数，本句描述当前的客观状态，使用一般现在时即可，谓语动词需要和主语保持数的一致，因此用remain的第三人称单数形式remains。故填remains。 考点二 谓语动词的语态 一、单项选择 1．（2021·辽宁大连·中考真题）10. The 2022 Asian Games ________ in Hangzhou. A．hold B．held C．will be held D．have held 【答案】C 【详解】句意：2022年亚运会将在杭州举行。 考查被动语态。根据主语“The 2022 Asian Games”与动词hold的关系可知，此处应用被动语态，“2022年亚运会”提示将来时态，应用一般将来时的被动语态，故选C。 2．（2021·辽宁丹东·中考真题）16. We ________ to reach for our dreams in the graduation ceremony last week. A．encourage B．are encouraged C．encouraged D．were encouraged 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在上周的毕业典礼上，我们被鼓励去实现我们的梦想。 考查一般过去时被动语态。主语we与动词encourage是被动关系，且“last week”是一般过去时标志词，故此空应填一般过去时被动语态was/were done的结构，故选D。 3．（2021·辽宁营口·中考真题）16. Where we should go ________ next Friday. A．is decided B．was decided C．will be decided D．has been decided 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们该去哪里将在下星期五决定。 考查被动语态。根据“next Friday”可知，句子应用一般将来时，且主句“Where we should go”与动词decide之间是被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态，故选C。 4．（2022·辽宁大连·中考真题）10. In the Wolong Panda Reserve, visitors ________ to get closer to pandas. A．allow B．allowed C．are allowing D．are allowed 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在卧龙熊猫保护区，游客可以近距离接触熊猫。 考查被动语态。分析句子可知，本句陈述的是一般性事实，需用一般现在时，可排除B/C选项；且主语“visitors”和动词“allow”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态(be done)。故选D。 5．（2022·辽宁丹东·中考真题）13. —Do Chinese people like ping-pong a lot? —Yes. It _______ by people of all ages. A．plays B．is played C．played D．was played 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——中国人很喜欢乒乓球吗？——是的。各个年龄段的人都打乒乓球。 考查时态与语态。主语“It”指代乒乓球，与动词play之间是动宾关系，结合“Do Chinese people like ping-pong a lot?”可知用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为am/is/are done。故选B。 6．（2022·辽宁营口·中考真题）17. A speech on robots ________ in the school hall next Friday afternoon. A．is given B．will be given C．was given D．has been given 【答案】B 【详解】句意：下星期五下午将在学校礼堂举行一场关于机器人的演讲。 is given一般现在时的被动语态；will be given一般将来时的被动语态；was given一般过去时的被动语态；has been given现在完成时的被动语态。根据时间状语“next Friday afternoon”下周五下午，可确定句子时态为一般将来时态；主语A speech on robots和动词give是被动关系，故句子的语态为一般将来时态的被动语态，其结构是：will be +动词的过去分词。故选B。 7．（2022·辽宁阜新·中考真题）10. Chinese ________ by more and more people around the world today. A．learns B．learned C．was learned D．is learned 【答案】D 【详解】句意：今天，世界上越来越多的人学习汉语。 考查动词时态和语态。根据“Chinese...by more and more people ”可知，汉语是被人们学习，所以用被动语态，结合today可知，用一般现在时的被动语态（am/is/are done）。故选D。 8．（2022·辽宁盘锦·中考真题）9. It’s said that tea _________ for the first time about 5,000 years ago. A．drinks B．drank C．is drunk D．was drunk 【答案】D 【详解】句意：据说，茶在大约五千年前第一次被饮用。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“about 5,000 years ago”可知在五千年前，句子应用一般过去时。主语tea“茶”与动词drink“饮用”存在逻辑上的被动语态，即句子应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为：was/were+过去分词。tea为不可数名词，be动词应用was。故选D。 9．（2022·辽宁朝阳·中考真题）7. It’s said that tea __________ by accident about five thousand years ago. A．was invented B．is invented C．will be invented D．were invented 【答案】A 【详解】句意：据说茶是大约5000年前偶然发明的。 考查被动语态。分析句子可知tea和invent之间是被动关系，根据“five thousand years ago.”可知句子应用一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+done，且tea是不可数名词，be动词应用was，故选A。 10．（2023·辽宁大连·中考真题）9. The Qatar World Cup ________ from November 21 to December 18 last year. A．holds B．held C．was held D．is held 【答案】C 【详解】句意：卡塔尔世界杯于去年11月21日至12月18日举行。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。本句主语“The Qatar World Cup”是动作“hold”的承受者，时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。 11．（2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）12. Tea is very popular in the world. It ________ in many different areas in China now. A．produces B．produced C．is produced D．was produced 【答案】C 【详解】句意：茶在世界上很受欢迎。现在中国许多不同的地区都产茶。 考查被动语态。根据now可知，此句是一般现在时，主语It与动词produce之间是被动关系，所以此处用一般现在时被动语态am/is/are done的结构，故选C。 12．（2023·辽宁营口·中考真题）6. —Students ________ a few open questions in Ms. Li’s class, did you notice that? —Yes, I think she wanted to train their ability of creative thinking. A．are asked B．were asked C．will be asked D．should be asked 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——在李老师的课上，学生们被问了几个开放性的问题，你注意到了么？——是的，我想她是想培养他们的创造性思维能力。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“did you notice that”可知前面句子是一般过去时，主语“Students”和动词“ask”之间是被动关系，所以此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语结构是was/were done。故选B。 13．（2023·辽宁阜新·中考真题）10. —Wow, 2023 Friendship Forest Tree Planting Activity was a great success! —Yes. I knew many trees ______ for a better environment. A．plant B．were planted C．planted D．are planted 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——哇，2023年友谊森林植树活动非常成功！——是的。我知道为了更好的环境种了很多树。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。knew后是宾语从句，主句是一般过去时，从句需用相应的过去时态。从句主语trees和谓语动词plant之间是动宾关系，树被种植，需用被动语态be+done。主语是复数trees，用一般过去时的被动语态were planted。故选B。 14．（2023·辽宁盘锦·中考真题）8. It is reported that 6G technology ________ widely in a short time. A．used B．will use C．is used D．will be used 【答案】D 【详解】句意：据报道，6G技术将在短时间内得到广泛应用。 考查被动语态。主语6G technology和use之间是被动关系，根据“It is reported...in a short time”可知此处用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。故选D。 15．（2023·辽宁朝阳·中考真题）8. —Quite a lot of endangered animals ________ in nature parks every year. —That’s great! Animals are our friends. A．protect B．were protected C．are protected D．protected 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——每年有相当多的濒危动物在自然公园受到保护。——太好了！动物是我们的朋友。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。本句主语是动作的承受者，结合“every year”可知，此处用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。 二、语篇填空 1. （2021·辽宁鞍山·中考真题改编） 54. When they (interview) on January 1, 2021, the two seemed to have already forgiven（原谅）each other. 【答案】 were interviewed 【详解】 句意：当他们在2021年1月1日接受采访时，两人似乎已经原谅了对方。根据“When they…on January 1, 2021, the two seemed to have already forgiven（原谅）each other.”和备选词可知，应该是在采访时表明的态度，主语是动作的承受者，时间状语是过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用were，故填were interviewed。 2. （2021·辽宁锦州·中考真题改编）46. He thought that people and animals should (treat) equally （平等地）. 【答案】be treated 【详解】句意：他认为人和动物应该被平等对待。根据“Zhuang Zi loved nature and freedom”可知，他是一个热爱大自然和和平的人，所以他认为人类和动物都应该得到平等对待，主语与动词treat之间是被动关系，应用含有情态动词的被动语态should be done的结构，故填be treated。 3. （2021·辽宁沈阳·中考真题改编）48. Spring (consider) to be the most valuable time of the year for farming. 【答案】is considered 【详解】 句意：春天被认为是一年中最有价值的耕种季节。consider考虑，是动词，主语Spring与谓语动词consider之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态，主语Spring是第三人称单数形式，因此谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填is considered。 4. （2022·辽宁大连·中考真题改编）58. You see, in the end, Patrick still thought all his homework (do) by the tiny man. But I’ll share a secret, just between you and me. It wasn’t the elf; Patrick did it himself! 【答案】was done 【详解】 句意：最后，帕特里克仍然认为他所有的家庭作业都是由那个小人完成的。根据“homework”可知是做家庭作业，且主语和动词之间是被动关系，主语是不可数名词，句子是一般过去时，be动词用was，故填was done。 5. （2022·辽宁丹东·中考真题改编）66. When people visit the different parts of the museum, they can find out answers to some questions, such as “How are socks (make), what are ancient socks liker, who wore socks in the past.” 【答案】made 【详解】 句意：袜子是怎么做的。根据“How are socks...”和备选词可知，此处是be made，表示“怎么做的”，故填made。 6. （2023·辽宁大连·中考真题改编）58. Qian watched this rocket launch on television. He was by that time a very old man. He died in 2009, at the age of 98, but he will always be (remember) for his great contributions(贡献). 【答案】remembered 【解析】 句意：他在2009年去世，享年98岁，但是他的伟大贡献将永远被人们铭记。根据“He died in 2009, at the age of 98, but he will always be...for his great contributions(贡献).”可知，他的伟大贡献将永远被人们铭记，remember“记住”，此处是被动语态，动词用过去分词形式，故填remembered。 7. （2023·辽宁鞍山·中考真题改编）54. In 2014, President Xi Jinping mentioned it at the welcome dinner of the 22nd APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting in Beijing. He said APEC members are (bring) together by the water of the Pacific Ocean and have a shared responsibility to make the Pacific an ocean of peace, friendship and cooperation (合作). 【答案】brought 【解析】 句意：他说，亚太经合组织成员因太平洋之水而走到一起，有共同的责任使太平洋成为和平、友谊与合作的海洋。根据“He said APEC members are...together by the water of the Pacific Ocean”可知亚太经合组织成员因太平洋之水而走到一起，结合选词可知，应用bring together“使在一起”。句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填brought。 8.（2023·辽宁锦州·中考真题改编）42. Most traditional Chinese festivals build a right order of relationships among humans. They (celevrate) for nature by humans, too. 【答案】 are celebrated 【详解】 句意：它们也因自然而被人类庆祝。根据“Most...Chinese festivals build a right order of relationships among humans. They...for nature by humans, too.”可知，they指代前文的festivals，结合备选词汇，此处应选动词celebrate“庆祝”，表示庆祝节日；而主语they和动词celebrate存在逻辑上的动宾关系，结合上下文，句子是一般现在时，所以句子应用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语结构是are done，celebrate的过去分词是celebrated。故填are celebrated。 9. （2023·辽宁营口·中考真题）71. For thousands of years, bamboo inspired artists to create works of art. In the hands of artisans （手艺人）, bamboo can (make) into beautiful objects. 【答案】 be made 【解析】 句意：在工匠的手中，竹子可以制成美丽的物品。make into表示“做成”，根据“ In the hands of artisans （手艺人）, ”可知bamboo与make之前是被动关系，空前有情态动词can。故填be made。 10.（2024·辽宁·中考真题）32. To do this, keep your hand open and use your palm (手掌) to hit it. Usually, gloves (need), but you can choose not to wear them. 【答案】are needed 【详解】句意：通常，手套是必需的，但你可以选择不戴。主语“gloves”是动作的承受者，时态是一般现在时，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，故填are needed。 11.（2025·辽宁·中考真题）38. Last night, an old couple found a snake in their house and Uncle Jason (send) to offer help. 【答案】was sent 【详解】句意：昨晚，一对老夫妇在他们家里发现了一条蛇，杰森叔叔被派去帮忙。根据“Last night, an old couple found a snake in their house and Uncle Jason...to offer help.”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，且主语Uncle Jason与动词send之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was sent。 一、 被动语态的基本结构 1) 一般现在时 am/is/are + done 2) 一般过去时 was/were + done 3) 一般将来时 will be + done 4) 现在进行时 am/is/are being + done 5) 过去进行时 was/were being + done 6) 现在完成时 have/has been + done 二、主动语态变被动语态 步骤： 1) 原宾语 变 主语 2) 原主语 变 by 的宾语（可省略） 3) 动词 改为 be + 过去分词（be 的时态与原句时态一致） 4) be 动词 的人称和数与新主语一致 e.g. They plant trees every spring. → Trees are planted by them every spring. He wrote this novel. → This novel was written by him. They will hold a meeting. → A meeting will be held. 三、 特殊考点与易错点 1. 无被动语态的动词 · 不及物动词：happen, take place, occur, appear, disappear, rise, die, last 等 ✅ Great changes have taken place. ❌ have been taken place · 系动词：look, sound, feel, taste, smell 用主动表被动 ✅ The soup tastes good. ❌ is tasted · 某些及物动词：have, belong to, cost 等 ✅ The book belongs to me. ❌ is belonged to 2. 主动表被动的高频结构 · need/want/require + doing = need + to be done The car needs washing. = needs to be washed · be worth doing The film is worth watching.（无 being watched 形式） · sell, wash, write, read 等与 well, easily 连用时 This pen writes smoothly. The book sells well. 3. 双宾语动词的被动 如 give, send, show, tell, teach, offer, buy 两种变式： 人作主语：I was given a book.（更常见） 物作主语：A book was given to me.（需保留介词） 4. 短语动词的被动 被动时介词/副词不能丢掉：The children are taken good care of.（of 不可省略） 时态 + 语态综合解题步骤 1. 判断语态：主语是动作的发出者（主动）还是承受者（被动）？ 2. 判断时态：根据时间状语或上下文确定动作发生的时间。 3. 套用结构：选择对应时态的被动结构 be + done，注意 be 的形式变化。 4. 检查细节： · 主谓一致 · 非延续性动词是否误用 · being 是否遗漏 · 介词是否保留 1．My bike ________ (steal) last night so I walked to school this morning. 【答案】was stolen 【详解】句意：我的自行车昨晚被偷了，所以我今天早上步行去上学。句中“last night”为过去的时间状语，提示动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。主语“My bike”与动词“steal”之间为被动关系，即自行车是被偷的，因此需要使用被动语态。一般过去时的被动语态结构为“was/were + 过去分词”，主语“My bike”为单数，故be动词用“was”，“steal”的过去分词为“stolen”。 2．She ________ (fool) by the salesman and bought all these expensive but useless things. 【答案】was fooled 【详解】句意：她被销售员骗了，买了这些昂贵却没用的东西。句中有被动标志词by the salesman，说明“她”是“被欺骗”的对象，需用被动语态：be+动词过去分词，and连接两个并列谓语，后一个谓语bought是过去式，说明整句为一般过去时；主语She是第三人称单数，因此be动词用was，fool的过去分词为fooled。 3．The robot shop owner has promised to Mr Jiang that all his things ________ (lay) in the right place as soon as the home robot is fixed and returned to him. 【答案】will be laid 【详解】句意：机器人商店的老板已经向江先生承诺，家用机器人一修好并送还给他，他所有的东西都会被放在正确的位置。as soon as引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来，主句用一般将来时；且all his things和lay是被动关系，要用被动语态，结构为will be+过去分词，lay的过去分词是laid。 4．Jiangnan, a famous area in China,__________in many Chinese poems for its beautiful style so far. (mention) 【答案】has been mentioned 【详解】句意：江南，中国的一个著名的地区，到目前为止已经因为它优美的风格在许多中国诗歌中被提及。“mention”提及，动词。根据语句“Jiangnan, a famous area in China, … in many Chinese poems for its beautiful style so far.”可知，so far是现在完成时的标志，且江南是被提及，要用被动语态，故填has been mentioned。 5．On December 18th, Hainan Free Trade Port (FTP) introduced a key policy (政策) named “whole-island customs closure” (全岛封关), which ________ (consider) to be an important milestone in China’s opening-up drive. 【答案】is considered 【详解】句意：12月18日，海南自由贸易港出台了一项名为“全岛封关”的关键政策，这被认为是中国对外开放进程中的一个重要里程碑。consider“认为”，动词；此处为非限制性定语从句，主语which指代前文提到的“全岛封关”政策，是动作承受者，且句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态“is/are+过去分词”。主语which为单数，指代前文的“policy“，谓语动词应用is。故填is considered。 6．It’s reported that Metro Line 5 ________ (finish) in another four years. 【答案】will be finished 【详解】句意：据报道，地铁5号线将在四年后完工。“It’s reported that...”是固定句型，意为“据报道……”；从句中“in another four years（再过四年）”是将来时间的标志，且“Metro Line 5”与“finish”之间是被动关系，故从句需用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“will be+动词过去分词”，“finish”的过去分词是“finished”，故填will be finished。   7．Who ______ (choose) to play the lead role in the next film hasn’t been decided. 【答案】will be chosen 【详解】句意：谁将被选中在下部电影中担任主角还没有决定。根据“Who...to play the lead role”可知，who和choose之间是被动关系，且时态是一般将来时。故填will be chosen。 8．Basketball ________ (invent) by a Canadian doctor named James Naismith in 1891. 【答案】was invented 【详解】句意：篮球是由一位名叫詹姆斯·奈史密斯的加拿大医生于1891年发明的。根据“in 1891”可知，句子为一般过去时，由于主语为Basketball，与动词invent之间是被动关系，需用被动语态。即此处需填入一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were+动词的过去分词，主语Basketball为单数，因此用was，过去分词为invented，故填was invented。 9．Maybe books ________ (replace) by the Internet in the future. 【答案】will be replaced 【详解】句意：也许在未来书籍会被互联网取代。replace“取代”，books和replace之间是被动关系，且根据“in the future”可知是一般将来时的被动语态，结构为“will be + 过去分词”，所以用will be replaced。故填will be replaced。 10．New-born baby pandas ________ (lay) in the incubator by panda keepers in the breeding center. 【答案】are laid 【详解】句意：新生的熊猫宝宝由繁殖中心的熊猫饲养员放在育婴箱中。根据“by panda keepers”可知，句子的主语“New-born baby pandas”与动词lay之间是动宾关系，句子时态是一般现在时，被动语态的结构是：be动词+过去分词。动词lay的过去分词是laid。主语“New-born baby pandas”是复数，所以be动词要用are。故填are laid。 11．It is said that the mountains ________ (cover) with trees in a few years. 【答案】will be covered 【详解】句意：据说几年后这些山将被树木覆盖。in a few years“几年后”，是一般将来时的时间标志；主语the mountains与动词cover之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态，所以此处是一般将来时的被动语态will be done，cover的过去分词是covered。故填will be covered。 12．Eric was made _______ (do) the dishes by his mother. 【答案】to do 【详解】句意：Eric被他母亲要求洗碗。根据句子结构可知，make sb do sth在被动语态中应为sb be made to do sth，故填to do。 一、单词拼写 1．（2024·江苏无锡·一模）In Disneyland, visitors _________ (allow) to get close to cartoon characters. 【答案】are allowed 【详解】句意：在迪士尼乐园，游客被允许接近卡通人物。根据语境可知，此处是一般现在时，主语visitors与谓语allow之间是被动关系，故此处是一般现在时的被动语态（be done），主语visitors为复数，be动词用are。故填are allowed。 2．（23-24九年级上·甘肃天水·期末）The light in the room must ________ (turn) off before you leave. 【答案】be turned 【详解】句意：你离开之前必须把房间里的灯关掉。“灯”是“被关掉”的，所以此处要用被动语态；含情态动词的被动语态为：情态动词+be+过去分词。故填be turned。 3． Over $30,000 ________ (raise) for a children’s hospital by a British girl several months ago. 【答案】was raised 【详解】句意：几个月前，一个英国女孩为一家儿童医院筹集了3万多美元。raise“筹集”，主语Over $30,000与谓语raise之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态，根据“several months ago”可知，此处用一般过去时，金钱的数量做主语，看成一个整体，谓语用第三人称单数形式，故填was raised。 4．—Do you have problems if you ______ (offer) this job? —Well, I’m still thinking about it. 【答案】are offered 【详解】句意：——如果你得到这份工作，你有什么问题吗？——嗯，我还在考虑。根据“if”可知，是if引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，且“you”和“offer”是被动关系，因此从句语态是一般现在时的被动语态，故填are offered。 5．（25-26九年级上·重庆北碚·月考）He rose to his feet, picked up the book and ________ (shut) the door quietly. 【答案】shut 【详解】句意：他站起来，拿起书，然后轻轻地关上了门。根据“rose”和“picked up”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，描述的是过去发生的动作，and连接并列的谓语动词，所以此处也应该用shut的过去式，而shut的过去式还是shut。故填shut。 6．（25-26九年级上·重庆北碚·期末）My father looked at me and ________ (nod) to show that he agreed with what I said. 【答案】nodded 【详解】句意：父亲看着我，点点头，表示同意我说的话。根据空格前“My father looked at me”可知，该句时态为一般过去时，结合所给词，此处应填入动词nod的过去式nodded，作谓语。故填nodded。 7．（25-26九年级上·甘肃白银·期末）Many useful things for the country were ________ (produce) in the old factories. 【答案】produced 【详解】句意：许多对国家有用的东西是在那些老工厂里生产的。produce“生产”是动词。主语“things”是动作的承受者，应用被动语态，结构为“were + 过去分词”。故填produced。 8．（25-26九年级上·甘肃平凉·期末）Lucy and her pen pal ________ (exchange) gifts during their first face-to-face meeting last month. 【答案】exchanged 【详解】句意：露西和她的笔友在上个月的第一次见面时互换了礼物。根据时间状语“last month”可知，动作发生在过去，应使用一般过去时。所给动词“exchange”为规则动词，其过去式为“exchanged”，在句中作谓语。故填exchanged。 9．（25-26九年级上·西藏拉萨·期末）So far, the engineers ________ (complete) three high-speed railway projects in western China. 【答案】have completed 【详解】句意：到目前为止，工程师们已经在中国西部完成了三个高速铁路项目。complete“完成”，动词；根据时间状语“So far”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，结构为have/has+过去分词，表示动作已完成且对现在有影响。主语“the engineers”为复数，故用have completed。故填have completed。 10．（25-26九年级上·江苏宿迁·月考）Since you ________ (learn) how to use chopsticks, I won’t prepare forks or knives for you. 【答案】have learned/have learnt 【详解】句意：既然你已学会使用筷子，我就不为你准备刀叉了。根据“Since”及“I won’t prepare forks or knives for you.”可知，此处是since引导的原因状语从句，且强调“学会”的动作已经完成，应用现在完成时。主语为“you”，助动词用have。learn的过去分词为learned/learnt。故填have learned/have learnt。 11．（25-26九年级上·甘肃平凉·月考）It’s been three years since we last ________ (see) our primary school classmates. 【答案】saw 【详解】句意：自从我们上次见到小学同学，已经过去三年了。“It’s been + 时间段 + since + 从句”是固定句型，从句需用一般过去时，表示“自从过去某个动作发生以来”，“see”的过去式为“saw”。故填saw。 12．The doors and windows ________ (remain) closed when I came back again. 【答案】remained 【详解】句意：当我再次返回时，门和窗户都是保持关着的。根据“when I came back again.”可知应用一般过去时，而remain是系动词没有被动语态。故填remained。 13．Many people believe that teenagers should ________（allow）to make their own decisions in some ways. 【答案】be allowed 【详解】句意：许多人认为青少年应该被允许在某些方面做自己的选择。主语teenagers “青少年” 是动词allow “允许”动作的承受者，表示应该被允许做决定，结构是情态动词+be+动词的过去分词。故填be allowed。 14．The beggar ________ (refuse) to enter the room because he was very dirty. 【答案】was refused 【详解】句意：那个乞丐被拒绝进入房间，因为他很脏。根据题干可知，本句的主语“The beggar”和动词“refuse”之间存在被动关系，所以应用被动语态；由从句中的“was”可知时态用一般过去时，一般过去时的被动语态结构为：was/were+动词过去分词，主语为单数，be动词用was，refuse的过去分词是refused。故填was refused。 15．The beans of this kind ________ (sell) in only a few coffee shops in Shanghai at present. 【答案】are sold 【详解】句意：这种咖啡豆目前在上海只有几家咖啡店出售。根据句意，主语和动词之间是动宾关系，故应用被动语态；根据时间状语“at present”可知，应用一般现在时的被动语态，构成形式为：be done；主语“The beans of this kind”是第三人称复数形式，be用are；sell的过去分词是sold。故填are sold。 16．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）Simon and I ________ (work) on a history project now. 【答案】are working 【详解】句意：西蒙和我现在正在做一个历史项目。根据“now”可知，此句用现在进行时be+doing，and连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词用复数，此处be动词用are，后跟动词现在分词。故填are working。 17．（2025·四川达州·中考真题）He always ________ (spend) time with his family on weekends. 【答案】spends 【详解】句意：他总是在周末花时间陪伴家人。spend“花费”。根据“He always”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，且主语为三单，故谓语动词应用三单形式。故填spends。 18．（2025·江苏无锡·模拟预测）Last term, Mr Liu ________ (teach) us English for three months. 【答案】taught 【详解】句意：上学期，刘老师教了我们三个月英语。根据“Last term”可知，动作发生在过去，所以谓语动词要用过去式。teach的过去式是taught。故填taught。 19．（2025·江苏无锡·模拟预测）—I didn’t see you at the party last night, Anna. We ________ (expect) you then. —Oh, really? I was too busy and forgot all about it. 【答案】were expecting 【详解】句意：——安娜，我昨晚在派对上没看到你。我们那时一直在盼着你呢。——哦，真的吗？我太忙了，把这事全忘了。根据“last night及语境”可知，“盼你”动作在派对时持续进行，用过去进行时，结构“was/were + 现在分词”，主语“We”，be动词用“were”，“expect”的现在分词是“expecting”。故填were expecting。 20．—Is your father a doctor? —Yes, he is. He ________ (work) in Children’s Hospital. 【答案】works 【详解】句意：——你爸爸是医生吗？——是的，他是。他在儿童医院工作。此句描述事实，所以是一般现在时，由于主语是三单，所以动词变为三单works。故填works。 二、语篇填空 A （25-26九年级下·浙江金华·开学考试） Xunpu is a small fishing village in Fujian. Once, some women shared their photos online. They had their hair in buns (发髻) and 1 (wear) special local headdresses with fresh, 2 (color) flowers called “Zanhuawei”. These photos became very popular online. Soon, many 3 (tourist) started coming to the village to see “Zanhuawei” in person. Wearing flowers has been a tradition in Xunpu since the Tang Dynasty. The village is known 4 its delicious, fresh seafood. At the market, women selling seafood wear flowers in their hair, making 5 easy for customers to tell them from other sellers. This flower tradition is also part of celebrations like weddings. Invitations come decorated with flowers, and women guests wear these flowers to the event. In Xunpu, the style of flower headdresses changes with 6 (wearer) age. Teenagers around 13 wear their hair in round buns with fresh flowers in them. Middle-aged women choose spiral (螺旋的) buns, decorating them with flowers and gold. Elderly women prefer red flowers, scarves 7 other decorations. There is 8 old saying in Xunpu, “Put flowers in your hair in this life and you’ll also be pretty in the afterlife.” Though the culture of wearing flowers keeps 9 (change) all the time, the flower-wearing traditions of Xunpu women have remained to the present day, symbolizing Xunpu women’s hopes for a 10 (good) life. 【答案】 1．wore 2．colorful 3．tourists 4．for 5．it 6．wearer’s 7．and 8．an 9．changing 10．better 【导语】本文介绍福建浔埔村簪花围的传统文化，包括其起源、样式变化及文化意义。 1．句意：她们将头发盘成发髻，佩戴着用鲜艳鲜花制成的当地特色头饰——簪花围。空格处与“had”并列作谓语，叙述过去发生的事情，需用一般过去时，wear的过去式是wore。 2．句意：她们将头发盘成发髻，佩戴着用鲜艳鲜花制成的当地特色头饰——簪花围。空格后是名词“flowers”，需用形容词作定语修饰，表示“色彩鲜艳的”，color的形容词形式是colorful。 3．句意：很快，许多游客开始来到这个村庄亲眼看看簪花围。“many”后需接可数名词复数，tourist的复数形式是tourists。 4．句意：这个村庄以美味新鲜的海鲜而闻名。“be known for”是形容词短语，意为“以……而闻名”，后接闻名的原因。 5．句意：在市场上，卖海鲜的妇女头上戴着花，这使得顾客很容易将她们与其他卖主区分开来。空格处作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语“for customers to tell...”，需用代词it。 6．句意：在浔埔，花头饰的样式随佩戴者的年龄而变化。空格后是名词“age”，需用名词所有格表示所属关系，wearer的所有格形式是wearer’s。 7．句意：年长的女性更喜欢红花、围巾和其他装饰品。空格前“red flowers, scarves”与“other decorations”是并列关系，需用并列连词and连接。 8．句意：浔埔有一句老话：“今生头戴花，来世也漂亮。”“old saying”为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一句老话”，需用不定冠词修饰；old以元音音素开头，故用an。 9．句意：虽然簪花文化一直在变化，但浔埔妇女的簪花传统一直延续至今，象征着浔埔妇女对更美好生活的期盼。“keep doing sth.”是动词短语，意为“持续做某事”，后接动名词作宾语，change的动名词形式是changing。 10．句意：虽然簪花文化一直在变化，但浔埔妇女的簪花传统一直延续至今，象征着浔埔妇女对更美好生活的期盼。根据句意，此处表示与现在相比“更美好的生活”，需用形容词good的比较级形式better。 B The Government Work Report said schools could have spring and autumn holidays for students. This news has caused a hot discussion 1 it was first mentioned in the government work report. These holidays offer students 2 chance to relax and get closer to nature. They can help students keep a balance between study and rest. What’s more, they can make travel less busy during long holidays and improve the 3 (develop) of the local tourism. However, the policy also brings problems. The 4 (big) one is that many parents cannot take paid leave. While students enjoy their holidays, parents have to work. To solve the problem, the government is taking action. It asks companies to follow the paid leave rules 5 (strict). Some places also provide free activities and care 6 (service) for students during holidays. Parents also hope 7 (spend) more time with their children during the holidays. You simply cannot imagine 8 excited the students are when they know the spring holiday this year is 9 April 2nd to 7th. They all believe holidays 10 (help) them grow better in the future. 【答案】 1．since 2．a 3．development 4．biggest 5．strictly 6．services 7．to spend 8．how 9．from 10．will help 【导语】本文介绍了学校增设春秋假的政策，指出其有助于学生放松身心、平衡学习与休息，同时分析了家长休假难的问题，并介绍了政府为解决这一问题所采取的措施。 1．句意：自从这一消息首次在政府工作报告中被提及以来，就引发了热烈的讨论。主句为现在完成时，从句为一般过去时，用since表示“自从……以来”，符合“has caused”的时态逻辑。 2．句意：这些假期给学生提供了一个放松和亲近自然的机会。chance为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指，用不定冠词a。 3．句意：此外，它们能减少长假期间的旅游拥堵，促进当地旅游业的发展。空格前为定冠词the，后为介词of，需填名词形式，develop的名词形式为development。 4．句意：最大的问题是许多家长无法休带薪假。此处是在诸多问题中比较，需用形容词最高级，big的最高级为biggest。 5．句意：它要求企业严格遵守带薪休假规定。空格处修饰动词follow，需用副词形式，strict的副词为 strictly。 6．句意：一些地方在假期为学生提供免费活动和托管服务。“service”是可数名词，与“activities”并列，需用复数services。 7．句意：家长也希望在假期多花时间陪孩子。“hope to do sth”是固定搭配，表示“希望做某事”，应用不定式to spend。 8．句意：你简直无法想象学生们得知今年春假是4月2日至7日时有多兴奋。“how+形容词+主语+谓语”构成感叹句，此处修饰形容词“excited”，用how。 9．句意：你简直无法想象学生们得知今年春假是4月2日至7日时有多兴奋。“from...to...”是固定搭配，意为“从……到……”，表示时间起止。 10．句意：他们都相信假期会帮助他们在未来更好地成长。此处表达对未来的预期，用一般将来时will help。 三、完形填空 （2026·陕西西安·二模）阅读文章，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使文章连贯完整。 A few days later, Leo’s younger sister, Mia, saw his beautiful bicycle. “I want one like Leo’s.” she said eagerly (渴望地). Leo 1 his sister’s feelings. So he and his mother thought they needed to start another big project like a few 2 ago. The following Saturday, Leo and his mother bought a small, purple bicycle for Mia at the local second-hand shop. It wasn’t in perfect condition. Leo knew they 3 fix it. This time, Leo taught Mia how to clean the frame, just as his mother had shown him. He explained the names of the tools. Mia listened carefully. When there were problems 4 , Leo knew what to do exactly. He learned patience from his mother. Their mother mostly watched. She smiled 5 she watched Leo guiding his sister. He was so 6 and kind, repeating the same encouraging words she had once said to him. When it was finally done, Mia was very happy. She climbed onto the 7 , and Leo held the back to help her balance (平衡). That night, the mother told Leo, “Today you taught her that she has the 8 to repair a bike.” Leo felt warm. The next day, Leo saw Mia “fixing” her doll’s carriage (马车). Leo realized that practice and knowledge are like a chain. His 9 had passed them to him, and now he was passing them to Mia. It was a chain that would never, ever 10 . He knew that this was one of the most important lessons his mother had ever taught him. 1．A．found B．realized C．understood D．answered 2．A．minutes B．hours C．days D．years 3．A．had to B．didn’t have to C．might D．might not 4．A．something B．anything C．somewhere D．anywhere 5．A．when B．because C．if D．until 6．A．nervous B．angry C．patient D．worried 7．A．wheel B．chain C．seat D．bell 8．A．chance B．ability C．courage D．method 9．A．sister B．cousin C．mother D．brother 10．A．work B．fix C．finish D．break 【答案】 1．C 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．A 6．C 47．C 8．B 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文讲述了Leo在妈妈的影响下，学会耐心教妹妹Mia翻新自行车，将知识与耐心传递下去的故事，体现了知识与美德的传承。 1．句意：几天后，Leo的妹妹Mia看到他漂亮的自行车，渴望地说“我也想要一辆像Leo这样的”，Leo理解了妹妹的感受。 根据妹妹渴望自行车的语境，应选用understood（理解），符合语义。 2．句意：所以他和妈妈认为需要像几天前那样启动另一个大项目。 根据“A few days later, Leo’s younger sister, Mia, saw his beautiful bicycle.”，应选用days（天），符合时间跨度的语境。 3．句意：自行车状况不太好，Leo知道他们必须修理它。 根据“wasn’t in perfect condition”（状况不佳），应选用had to（必须），符合客观需要。 4．句意：当任何地方出现问题时，Leo确切知道该怎么做。 根据语境表示“任何地方”，应选用anywhere，符合语义。 5．句意：妈妈微笑着，当她看着Leo指导妹妹时。 根据时间状语从句的逻辑，应选用when（当……时候），符合语法要求。 6．句意：他非常耐心和善良，重复着妈妈曾经对他说过的鼓励话语。 根据后文“learned patience from his mother”，应选用patient（耐心的），符合语义。 7．句意：Mia爬上座位，Leo扶着后座帮她保持平衡。 根据骑自行车的动作场景，应选用seat（座位），符合语境。 8．句意：妈妈告诉Leo：“今天你教会她，她有能力翻新一辆自行车。” 根据语境表示“能力”，应选用ability（能力），符合语义。 9．句意：Leo意识到实践和知识就像一条链条，他的妈妈传递给了他，现在他传递给了Mia。 根据前文妈妈教Leo的情节，应选用mother（妈妈），符合传承关系。 10．句意：这是一条永远不会断裂的链条。 根据语境表示“链条不会断裂”，应选用break（断裂），符合语义。 四、任务型阅读 （25-26九年级下·辽宁锦州·开学考试）阅读下面的材料，根据内容回答问题。 As smartphones are widely used in our lives, more and more people, especially teenagers, find that their verbal (口头的) skills are getting worse. They find it hard to express themselves clearly when talking to others. Many people consider the overuse of emojis (表情符号) and Internet slang (俚语) to be a main reason. For example, people often use “6” to show they are surprised, and they have trouble clearly expressing how surprised they are to others. As a result, their verbal skills are badly influenced. To change this situation, we students should use exact words more often to tell others our thoughts. Another reason can be that we hardly ever check the words before texting or speaking. The world of digital communication (数字通信) has provided us with a free environment to communicate with others. In such an environment, we may not pay attention to the words we use. Therefore, we may fail to improve our verbal skills in the long run. We need to take digital communication seriously. Besides, speaking verbally is a good and commonly used way. For example, we can choose to talk to our friends or even some strangers we meet. The only thing we should remember is to use exact words while we are talking. All in all, our verbal skills will never be improved unless we take action. Talk in a more formal (正式) way from now on. It’s also important to reduce the overuse of emojis and Internet slang. I hope that you can find my suggestions useful in improving your verbal skills. 1．How many reasons are given for teenagers’ difficulty in expressing themselves clearly when talking to others? 2．How do people often show they are surprised when using smartphones? 3．What should we do to improve our verbal skills? 4．Do you think teenagers should improve their verbal skills? List your two reasons. Write 30 words or more. 【答案】1．Two reasons. 2．People often use “6” to show they are surprised. 3．We should use exact words while we are talking, talk in a more formal way, and reduce the overuse of emojis and Internet slang. 4．Yes, I think teenagers should improve their verbal skills. First, good verbal skills help us communicate ideas clearly with others, avoiding misunderstandings. Second, they are important for future study and work, such as giving speeches or interviewing for jobs. Strong verbal skills can also make us more confident in social situations. 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要分析了青少年口头表达能力变差的原因，并提出了建议。1．文章第二段“Many people consider the overuse of emojis and Internet slang to be a main reason.”以及第三段“Another reason can be that we hardly ever check the words before texting or speaking.”分别阐述了两个原因：过度使用表情符号、网络俚语和在发消息或说话前几乎不检查用词。 2．文章第二段“For example, people often use ‘6’ to show they are surprised.”可知人们常用“6”来表示自己很惊讶。 3．根据第四段和第五段“Besides, speaking verbally…reduce the overuse of emojis and Internet slang.”可知文章给出了很多提升的建议：多用准确的词汇表达想法；认真对待数字通信；多进行口头交流；用更正式的方式说话；减少表情符号和网络俚语的过度使用。学生可以选择其中的建议来回答，答案不唯一。 4．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，但观点需基于文中事实。结合文章内容和自己对“提升口头表达”的看法、理由，合理作答即可。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $