Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature（单元自测·提升卷）英语新教材人教版八年级下册

2025-2026学年八年级上册英语单元自测 Unit 4·提升卷（参考答案） 一、听力选择 1．A 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．C 11．C 12．B 13．C 14．B 15．C 二、单项选择 1．D 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．C 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．C 三、完形填空 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．B 四、补全对话 1．C 2．E 3．B 4．F 5．G 五、阅读理解 A: 1．D 2．B 3．A 4．A B: 5．B 6．C 7．A C: 8．A 9．C 10．D D: 11．To visit China’s seas and mountains. 12．He travelled for about 30 years. 13．He was great. Because he achieved his travel dream and made geographical discoveries. 六、语篇补全 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．E 七、单词拼写 1．depth 2．below 3．risky 4．conditions 5．survive 八、语法填空 1．longest 2．wonders 3．from 4．civilization 5．development 6．to control 7．facing 8．and 9．better 10．an 九、书面表达 【答案】例文 Welcome to Guilin As far as we know, the mountains and water in Guilin are the first in the world. If you want to visit one of the natural wonders, come to Guilin! Located in the northeast of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin is famous for its dreamlike wonderful landscapes. The Li River flows gently through the city, surrounded by unique mountains that rise straight from the water. These peaks create a magical scene which seems like traditional Chinese paintings. A boat trip along the Li River is a must-do experience. As you travel on the river, you’ ll pass water bamboo forests swinging in the wind, and see fishermen fishing on the small boats. The riverbanks are dotted with ancient villages where time seems to stand still in green fields. Whether you visit in spring when wildflowers bloom or autumn for clear skies, Guilin’s beauty will leave you great memories. Come and see why this place is called “the finest scenery under heaven”! 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $听力考试正式开始。Ethan, what did the researchers use to dive into the . deep ocean? They used the special and watership to conduct their research. Listen to the next question. any, which natural wonder do you like best? The dead sea, the mariana trench or the great barrier reef? I like the great barrier reef best because the scenery there is the most amazing. Anne, which natural wonder do you like best? The dead sea, the marianna trench or the great barrier? Ef. I like the great barrier reef best, because the scenery there is the most amazing. Listen to the next question. Daniel. What did the explorer need to survive in the sahara desert? Sophia? They needed to Carry at least three, two big miles of water to survive the dry conditions. Listen to the next question. The national day is coming. Any plans, mike? I'm thinking about visiting the great wall is one of the greatest wonders of the world. Listen to the next question. I have been to the great canyon for vacation. What about you? So have I. It's located in the west of america. It's a great wonder of the natural world. Listen to the next question. What a beautiful place, gina. Look at the lake and the mountains . and the watchful bill. This waterfall is about one hundred and and ten meters high. IT looks great. Look at the fish in the lake. I want to fish here. Don't do that. The lake is home to them. What a beautiful place. Gina, look at the lake and the mountains . and the waterfall. Bill, this watchful is about one hundred and ten meters high. IT looks great. Look at the fish in the lake. I want to fish here. Don't do that. The lake is home to them. Listen to the next question. Good afternoon, mister lee. Can you tell me something about the amazon river? sure. What do you want to know? Where's the river? IT is in south america. How long is IT? It's about six thousand, four hundred and forty kilometers, and IT runs through a large rainforest. What will we learn in the next . geography class? More big rivers in the world. Good afternoon, mister lee. Can you tell me something about the amazon river? sure. What do you want to know? Where's the river? IT is in south america. How long is IT? It's about . six thousand, four hundred and forty kilometers. And IT runs through a large rainforest. What will we learn in the next . geography class? More big rivers in the world. Listen to the next question. Do you know lugo lake? Yesterday, I watched an interesting video and learned something about IT. Lugo lake is in the southwest of china, and IT is the third deepest fresh water lake in china. The lake is about fifty square kilometers. Luu lake is beautiful and the water is very clear. Every year, a lot of tourists take a trip there. People can take a boat ride on the lake to enjoy the beautiful scenery. They can also pay a visit to the village near the lake and experience the special culture. The best time to visit luga lake is from march to october. The weather is warm at that time, but if you like watching birds, you can go there in winter. You'll see birds flying there to pass the winter. You will have a wonderful time and love the place if you go there. Do you know? Look lake. Yesterday, I watched an interesting video and learned something about IT. Local lake is in the southwest of china, and IT is the third deepest fresh water lake in china. The lake is about fifty square kilometers. Look lake is beautiful and the water is very clear. Every year, a lot of tourists take a trip there. People can take a boat ride on the lake to enjoy the beautiful scenery. They can also pay a visit to the village, knew the lake and experience the special culture. The best time to visit lugo lake is for march to october. The weather is warm at that time, but if you like watching birds, you can go there in winter. You'll see birds flying there to pass the winter. You will have a wonderful time and love the place if you go there. 听力部分到此结束。 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测 Unit 4·提升卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：100分） 一、听力选择(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 听短对话，回答小题。 1．What did the researchers use for deep ocean diving? A．A special underwater ship. B．A simple snorkel. C．A freshwater pool. 【答案】A 【原文】M: Ethan, what did the researchers use to dive into the deep ocean? W: Mya, they used a special underwater ship to conduct their research. 2．Which natural wonder does Annie like best? A．The Dead Sea. B．The Mariana Trench. C．The Great Barrier Reef. 【答案】C 【原文】M: Annie, which natural wonder do you like best, the Dead Sea, the Mariana Trench, or the Great Barrier Reef? W: I like the Great Barrier Reef best because the scenery there is the most amazing. 3．How much water did the explorers need to survive in the Sahara Desert according to Daniel? A．At least three cubic miles. B．At least five cubic kilometres. C．At least ten cubic feet. 【答案】A 【原文】M: Daniel, what did the explorers need to survive in the Sahara Desert? W: Sophia, they needed to carry at least three cubic miles of water to survive the dry conditions. 4．Which wonder does Mike plan to visit? A．The Pyramids. B．The Great Wall. C．The Grand Canyon. 【答案】B 【原文】W: The National Day is coming! Any plans, Mike? M: I’m thinking about visiting the Great Wall. It’s one of the greatest wonders of the world. 5．Which part of America is the natural wonder located in? A．Western. B．Southern. C．Eastern. 【答案】A 【原文】M: I have been to the Great Canyon for vacation. What about you? W: So have I. It’s located in the west of America. It’s a great wonder of the natural world. 听下面一段对话，回答下列两个小题。 6．How high is the waterfall? A．About 80 meters. B．About 110 meters. C．About 150 meters. 7．What does Gina stop Bill from doing? A．Swimming. B．Littering. C．Fishing. 【答案】6．B 7．C 【原文】A: What a beautiful place, Gina. Look at the lake and the mountains. B: And the waterfall Bill. This waterfall is about one hundred and ten meters high. A: It looks great. Look at the fish in the lake. I want to fish here. B: Don’t do that! The lake is home to them. 听下面一段对话，回答下列小题。 8．Which river are the student and the teacher talking about? A．The Amazon River. B．The Nile River. C．The Yangtze River. 9．How long is the river? A．About 6，300 kilometres. B．About 6，440 kilometres. C．About 6，671 kilometres. 10．What will the students learn in the next geography class? A．Amazing rainforests. B．Famous deserts. C．More big rivers. 【答案】8．A 9．B 10．C 【原文】W: Good afternoon, Mr Lee, can you tell me something about the Amazon River? M: Sure. What do you want to know? W: Where is the river? M: It is in South America. W: How long is it? M: It’s about 6，440 kilometres and it runs through a large rainforest. W: What will we learn in the next geography class? M: More big rivers in the world. 听短文，回答下列小题。 11．What can we know about Lugu Lake? A．It’s the third longest freshwater lake in China. B．It’s the third largest freshwater lake in China. C．It’s the third deepest freshwater lake in China. 12．How large is Lugu Lake? A．About 40 square kilometres. B．About 50 square kilometres. C．About 60 square kilometres. 13．What can tourists do on the lake? A．Go skating. B．Go fishing. C．Take a boat ride. 14．When is the best time to visit the lake? A．From February to March. B．From March to October. C．From October to December. 15．What can people watch at Lugu Lake in winter? A．Ice. B．Flowers. C．Birds. 【答案】11．C 12．B 13．C 14．B 15．C 【原文】 Do you know Lugu Lake? Yesterday I watched an interesting video and learned something about it. Lugu Lake is in the southwest of China. And it is the third deepest freshwater lake in China. The lake is about 50 square kilometres. Lugu Lake is beautiful and the water is very clear. Every year, a lot of tourists take a trip there. People can take a boat ride on the lake to enjoy the beautiful scenery. They can also pay a visit to the village near the lake and experience the special culture. The best time to visit Lugu Lake is from March to October. The weather is warm at that time. But if you like watching birds, you can go there in winter. You’ll see birds flying there to pass the winter. You will have a wonderful time and love the place if you go there. 二、单项选择(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 1．I’m ________ to know what’s in the box my parents gave me as a birthday present. A．careless B．changeable C．natural D．curious 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我很好奇父母给我的生日礼物盒子里有什么。 考查形容词辨析。careless粗心的；changeable易变的；natural自然的；curious好奇的。根据“what’s in the box”（盒子里有什么）可知，是感到“好奇”，curious符合语境。be curious to do sth.意为“对做某事感到好奇”。故选D。 2．—Could you please tell me something about the amusement park (游乐园), please? —With pleasure. It _________ an area of about 1.16 square kilometres, _________ four different parks. A．is; includes B．covers; includes C．covers; including D．is; including 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我一些关于这个游乐园的事情吗？——乐意效劳。它占地约1.16平方公里，包括四个不同的园区。 考查词义辨析。is是；covers覆盖，占地；includes包括；including包括（介词）。根据“an area of about 1.16 square kilometres”可知，此处指占地面积，用covers；分析句子结构，后半部分“…four different parks”是对前文的补充说明，句子已经有谓语动词，此处用介词including。故选C。 3．The nature documentary was filmed ________ in the Amazon rainforest. It made the animals look so ________. A．alive; live B．lively; alive C．live; alive D．living; live 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这部自然纪录片是在亚马逊雨林中实地拍摄的。它让动物看起来如此鲜活。 “live”作为副词时，意思是“在现场直播；在现场表演；实地”，在这里“was filmed live”表示“实地拍摄”；“alive”是形容词，意思是“活着的；有生气的”，常作表语，“look so alive”表示“看起来如此鲜活”。而“lively”意思是“活泼的；生动的”，“living”意思是“活的；现存的”，均不符合语境。 4．My teacher has given me useful suggestions and I want to thank him from the ________ of my heart. A．bottom B．development C．degree D．surface 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我的老师给了我一些有用的建议，我想从心底里感谢他。 考查名词辨析。bottom底部；development发展；degree读书；surface表面。根据前面My teacher has given me useful suggestions可知后面此处应是从心底里感谢老师，from the bottom of my heart视为固定词组，意为“从我的心底里”，结合选项，可知A选项符合题意，故答案选A。 5．We told him _________ risk _________ in these bad conditions. A．not to; travel B．not; travel C．not to; travelling D．not; travelling 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们告诉他不要在这样恶劣的条件下冒险旅行。 考查非谓语动词。tell sb not to do sth告诉某人不要做某事；排除B和D选项。risk doing sth“冒险做某事”，故填C。 6．—The forest fire is getting bigger. What should we do? —We must ________ immediately to put it out. A．take risks B．take breaks C．take measures D．take notes 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——森林火势正在变大。我们该怎么办？——我们必须立即采取措施来扑灭它。 take risks冒险；take breaks休息；take measures采取措施；take notes做笔记。根据前文“The forest fire is getting bigger. ”和“put it out”的语境，可知此处表示“采取措施”最合理。应填take measures。 7．Nanjing isn’t so large ________ Shanghai, however, it’s the second ________ city in East China A．as; largest B．like; largest C．like; large D．as; large 【答案】A 【详解】句意：南京不如上海大，然而，它在中国东部是第二大城市。 考查介词和形容词。as像；largest最大的；like像；large大的。not so/as+形容词原级+as表示“前者在某方面不如后者”，第一空要填as；根据“in East China”和“the second...”可知后一空该用最高级。故选A。 8．This wall is ________. That is to say, it is a ________ wall. A．five metre long; five metres long B．five-metres long; five-metre long C．five metres long; five-metre-long D．five-metre long; five-metres-long 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这堵墙有五米长，也就是说，这是一堵五米长的墙。 考查基数词的表达。metre“米”，是可数名词，five metres long“五米长”，作表语；five-metre-long“五米长的”，作定语，修饰名词wall。“数词-名词单数-形容词”相当于一个形容词，作定语修饰名词。故选C。 9．—Peter, I’m sorry that I took your schoolbag by mistake. —It doesn’t matter. ________ have you found yours? A．Bit by bit B．On purpose C．By the way D．At all costs 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——彼得，很抱歉我错拿了你的书包。——没关系。顺便问一下，你找到你的书包了吗？ 考查介词短语。Bit by bit逐渐地；On purpose故意地；By the way顺便问一下；At all costs不惜任何代价。根据“It doesn’t matter…have you found yours?”可知，这里是在对话过程中顺便询问对方是否找到书包，“By the way”符合语境，故选C。 10．—Canada is one of the largest ________ in the world. —Yes, it is larger than ________ country in Asia. A．country; any other B．countries; any other C．countries; any D．country; any 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——加拿大是世界上最大的国家之一。——是的，它比亚洲任何一个国家都大。   考查固定短语和比较级用法。第一空根据“one of”结构可知需用复数名词countries；第二空表示“比亚洲任何国家都大”时，若主语不属于比较范围（加拿大不属于亚洲），需用“any任何”而非“any other任何其他”。故选C。 三、完形填空。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。 People often think of the North Pole and the South pole as 1 as frozen (冰冻的) wastelands. They are 2 places with very cold temperatures and few people live there. 3 , the north is not so similar to the South Pole as people may imagine. The north Pole has no land, only thick ice. Temperatures 4 go above 32 ºF, at which water turns into ice. Most of the time, it stays below zero. In winter temperatures are usually as low as 30°F. Although conditions were very poor, people tried for many centuries to 5 the North Pole. About 100 years ago, two men, Robert Peary and Mathew Henson, were able to get to this environment 6 of troubles and difficulties. They reach the North Pole on March 8th, 1909. It was really a 7 trip for them. There are few things more dangerous than crossing the Arctic (北极圈) on foot. People who stayed there may face many problems: very cold temperatures, sudden storms, even hunger. Most of the area is uninhabited(无人居住的). 8 people can live in such a difficult place. People might think that with such low temperatures for most of the year, the ice would be 9 and hard. However, this is not true in the arctic. The movement of the ocean water under the ice may often cause many different changes on the surface. Sometimes the ice 10 into two opening lanes of water called “leads”. Anyone who falls into a lead can be frozen to death in a few minutes. 1．A．different B．similar C．same D．hard 2．A．both B．neither C．all D．some 3．A．But B．Though C．Therefore D．However 4．A．always B．never C．seldom D．often 5．A．get B．reach C．arrive D．go 6．A．filled B．packed C．kind D．full 7．A．hard B．happy C．easy D．relaxing 8．A．Many B．Little C．Few D．Much 9．A．thin B．thick C．soft D．slim 10．A．cuts B．breaks C．falls D．turns 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文详细的介绍了北极和南极的实际情况，包括极冷的温度，突如其来的暴风雨，甚至饥饿，所以极少有人在那居住，但Robert Peary和Mathew Henson曾到达北极。 1．句意：人们通常认为北极和南极就像冰冻的荒原。 different不同的；similar相像的，类似的；same相同的；hard坚硬的，困难的。根据下文“…the north is not so similar to the South Pole as people may imagine.”可知北极和南极就像冰冻的荒原，as similar as类似于，固定短语。故选B。 2．句意：它们都是温度很低的地方，很少有人住在那里。 both两个都；neither两者都不；all所有，全部；some 一些。根据“the North Pole and the South pole as similar as frozen (冰冻的) wastelands.”可知两个都是温度很低的地方……，故选A。 3．句意：然而，北极并不像人们想象的那样与南极相似。 But但是；Though虽然，尽管，引导让步状语从句；Therefore因此，所以；However然而。根据上文“People often think of the North Pole and the South pole as similar as frozen (冰冻的) wastelands.”和此句“the north is not so similar to the South Pole as people may imagine.”是转折关系，且有逗号隔开，应用However，故选D。 4．句意：温度很少超过32ºF，在这个温度下，水会变成冰。 always总是；never从不；seldom很少；often经常。根据下文“Most of the time, it stays below zero. In winter temperatures are usually as low as 30°F.”可知seldom符合语境，温度很少超过32ºF，故选C。 5．句意：虽然条件很差，但许多世纪以来，人们都试图到达北极。 get获取，get to到达；reach到达，及物动词；arrive到达，不及物动词，后面跟地点用at或in；go去，出发，不及物动词。根据空格后“the North Pole”是地点，用reach。故选B。 6．句意：大约100年前，罗伯特·佩里和马修·亨森这两个人能够进入这个充满麻烦和困难的环境。 filled充满，filled with充满着；packed拥挤的；kind友善的；full充满的，full of充满着。根据空格后“of troubles and difficulties”可知full符合语境，故选D。 7．句意：对他们来说，这真是一次艰难的旅程。 hard困难的；happy高兴的；easy容易的；relaxing轻松的。根据上文“this environment full of troubles and difficulties”可知到达北极是一次艰难的旅程，故选A。 8．句意：很少有人能住在这样困难的地方。 Many许多，后面跟可数名词复数；Little很少，后面跟不可数名词；Few很少，几乎没有，后面可数名词复数；Much许多，大量的，后面跟可数名词复数。根据“…people can live in such a difficult place.”可知Few符合语境，people是集合名词，是复数，在这样困难的地方很少人能住，故选C。 9．句意：人们可能会认为，由于一年中的大部分时间气温都很低，冰会很厚很硬。 thin 薄的；thick厚的；soft柔软的；slim苗条的。根据句中“with such low temperatures for most of the year”可知冰会很厚，故选B。 10．句意：有时，冰会破裂成两条开放的水道，称为“引线”。 cuts切，割；breaks破，裂；falls掉落；turns转动，旋转。根据“Sometimes the ice …into two opening lanes of water”可知breaks符合语境，冰裂成两道开口。故选B。 四、补全对话。(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 阅读下面对话，从7个选项中选择5个恰当的句子完成此对话。 A: Hi, Sarah. What’s the biggest rainforest in the world? B: 1 A: How big is it? B: 2 A: Where is it? B: 3 It crosses eight countries and most part of it is in Brazil. A: Oh, you know so much about it. B: Well, my teacher told me last week. A: Could you tell me anything more about it? B: Of course. 4 A: It must be very special and beautiful. B: Yes, it is. 5 A: Why? B: Because people cut down lots of trees every year. A: That’s too bad. A．How did you know it? B．It is in South America. C．It is the Amazon rainforest. D．Thank you for telling me so much. E．It is about 7 million square kilometers. F．About 20% of the birds in the world live in it. G．But it is becoming smaller and smaller in size these years. 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．B 4．F 5．G 【导语】本文是A和B两人的对话。对话主要是围绕世界上最大的雨林——亚马逊雨林展开。 1．根据“What’s the biggest rainforest in the world”可知此处应回答世界上最大的雨林，选项C“亚马逊雨林”符合语境，故选C。 2．根据“How big is it?”可知此处应是回答亚马逊雨林的面积，选项E“它大约7百万平方千米”符合语境，故选E。 3．根据“Where is it?”可知此处应是回答亚马逊雨林的位置，选项B“它在南美洲”符合语境，故选B。 4．根据“Could you tell me anything more about it?”可知此处应是介绍亚马逊雨林的其它特点，选项F“世界上大约20%的鸟住在里面”符合语境，故选F。 5．根据“Why?”和“Because people cut down lots of trees every year.”可知此处应是每年砍伐大量的树带来的后果，选项G“但是近些年它在面积上正变得越来越小”符合语境，故选G。 五、阅读理解。(本大题共13小题，每小题2分，共26分) A Alex and his classmates are working on a project about the Great Lakes. Here is the information sheet they have made. Part 1: Facts The Great Lakes—Ontario, Huron, Michigan, Erie and Superior—are five freshwater giants. They span across eight US states and two Canadian provinces. Part 2: Comparison · Lake Ontario This lake has the smallest surface area at 7,340 square miles. Three dams (大坝) control the flow of water downstream and include locks so boats can enter from the Atlantic. · Lake Huron This is the second largest lake by surface area in the system and home to Manitoulin Island, the world’s largest freshwater island. · Lake Michigan It is joined to Lake Huron by the five-mile-wide Straits (海峡) of Mackinac, though they are still classed as two separate bodies. · Lake Erie With a maximum depth of 64 metres, this is the shallowest of the Great Lakes. It is generally the warmest, but also gets frozen more quickly than the others. · Lake Superior At 406 metres deep, the distance from the lake’s surface to its deepest point is about the same as the length of four football pitches. Part 3: Covering an area of 94,250 square miles, these huge bodies of water take up more than one-fifth of the world’s total freshwater. The Great Lakes provide drinking water for more than 40 million people, important shipping routes for more than 800 ocean ships, and keep a rich ecosystem for fishing and agriculture. They also support wildlife, the national economy and the environment. 1．Alex draws a map of the Great Lakes. Which number stands for Lake Ontario? A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 2．Alex wants to try ice fishing as early as possible. Which lake will he most probably choose? A．Lake Superior. B．Lake Erie. C．Lake Michigan. D．Lake Huron. 3．Alex finds something missing in Part 3. Which of the following will he put in the empty box? A．Value. B．Change. C．Protection. D．Development. 4．Who is the passage mainly written for? A．Scientists. B．Tourists. C．Students. D．Engineers. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文是Alex和同学们开展的关于五大湖的项目研究，介绍了北美五大湖的基本事实、各湖特点及其巨大价值。 1．细节理解题。根据“Lake Ontario”中“Three dams control the flow of water downstream...”可知，安大略湖有三座大坝调控着下游的水流，图中有三座大坝的是最右侧标注④的湖。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“Lake Erie”中“It is generally the warmest, but also gets frozen more quickly than the others.”可知，伊利湖结冰速度比其他湖更快，因此要尽早体验冰上垂钓就会选择最先结冰的伊利湖。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“The Great Lakes provide drinking water for more than 40 million people, important shipping routes for more than 800 ocean ships, and keep a rich ecosystem for fishing and agriculture. They also support wildlife, the national economy and the environment.”可知，五大湖提供饮用水和重要的航运通道，对渔业和农业有利，还为野生动物、国民经济以及环境提供支持，由此可知此部分讲的是五大湖的巨大价值。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“Alex and his classmates are working on a project about the Great Lakes.”可知，这是Alex和同学做的一个关于五大湖的项目，内容也以科普和介绍为主，写给学生最合适。故选C。 B Rainforests (热带雨林) are some of the most amazing places on Earth. They cover only about 6% of the world’s land, but are home to more than half of all living things. These dense forests are full of life, from tiny insects to large animals, and from small plants to tall trees. The rainforest has different layers. The top layer is called the emergent layer, where the tallest trees reach up to 70 meters. Below that is the canopy, a thick layer of leaves and branches that stops most sunlight from reaching the layers below. Next is the understory, with smaller trees and bushes. The bottom layer is the forest floor, where only a little sunlight gets through. Many rainforest animals have special skills to live in their layers. For example, sloths hang from the canopy branches. Their long claws help them stay there, and their slow movement helps them save energy. Toucans have big beaks to reach fruit on thin branches that can’t hold their weight. On the forest floor, jaguars use their spots to hide in the shadows while hunting. Rainforests are important for the whole world. They take in carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) and give out oxygen (氧气), which helps keep the air clean. They also help control the world’s weather. But rainforests are in danger. Every year, large areas are cut down for wood or to make space for farms. This destroys the homes of many animals and plants, and may even change the world’s climate. 5．What does the word “dense” mean in the first paragraph? A．Dry. B．Thick with plants. C．Cold. D．Easy to walk through. 6．Why do toucans have big beaks? A．To hang from branches. B．To hide from predators. C．To reach fruit on thin branches. D．To run fast on the forest floor. 7．Put the layers of the rainforest from top to bottom. ①understory ②emergent layer ③forest floor ④canopy A．②→④→①→③ B．④→②→①→③ C．②→①→④→③ D．④→①→②→③ 【答案】5．B 6．C 7．A 能，以及热带雨林的重要性和面临的危险。 5．词义猜测题。根据第一段“from tiny insects to large animals, and from small plants to tall trees”可知，热带雨林中生活着从微小昆虫到大型动物、从小植物到高大树木等众多生物，由此可推测“dense”意为“植物茂密的”。故选B。 6．细节理解题。根据第三段“Toucans have big beaks to reach fruit on thin branches that can’t hold their weight” 可知，巨嘴鸟有大喙是为了够到细树枝上的果实。故选C。 7．细节理解题。根据第二段“The top layer is called the emergent layer... Below that is the canopy... Next is the understory... The bottom layer is the forest floor”可知，顺序是emergent layer→canopy→understory→forest floor，即②→④→①→③。故选A。 C How do you feel about nature? After spending hours indoors, do you feel better when you visit your local park? I believe the answer must be “YES”. We should walk into nature so that we can enjoy the natural beauties around. Most people think that nature is good for our bodies and brains. However, humans are spending more time inside and less time outside. For example, the number of visitors to Canada’s national parks is getting lower every year. And in countries such as the USA, only 10% of teenagers spend time outside every day. Many doctors feel that this is a problem in the twenty-first century. As a result, some doctors are studying the connection between nature and health: one example of this is the work of Dr. Matilda in Sweden. The doctor gave people a math test. During the test, their heart rates (心率) were fast. After the test, one group of people sat in a 3D-virtual-reality (虚拟现实) room for fifteen minutes with pictures and sounds of nature. Their heart rates were slower than people’s in the other group. The virtual touch with nature helped them feel more relaxed. The natural world allows our brains to rest and slow down, and can trigger (触发) positive feelings and a sense of peace. Being in nature can leave us feeling happier and less stressed. Another good example of how nature is good for health comes from Canada. In Toronto, researchers studied 31,000 people living in the city. In general, they found that healthier people lived near parks. Because of studies like these, some countries and cities want nature to be part of people’s everyday life. In Dubai, for example, there are plans for a new shopping mall with a large garden so shoppers can relax outside with trees, plants and water. And South Korea is another good example: it has new forests near its cities and around 13 million people visit these forests every year. Being close to nature has been thought to be necessary for brain development in children. In Switzerland, “forest schools” are popular. Schoolchildren study their subjects in the forests and do lots of exercise outside. So after building cities for so long, perhaps it’s now time to start rebuilding nature. Nature holds a special kind of energy; it is pure and wild and spirit-renewing. In a word, the human being cannot live without nature, and Mother Nature makes us grow stronger. 8．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．A problem in the 21st century. B．How much time we spend outdoors. C．Visiting your local parks. D．Feeling about nature. 9．What do the results of the studies chow? A．More and more Canadians will live near parks. B．The math test is difficult and makes people nervous. C．Nature can help people feel more relaxed and be healthier. D．People’s heart rates get slower in a 3D virtual reality room. 10．What can we learn from the last sentence of the passage? A．Nature is more important than cities. B．Country life is healthier than city life. C．People have lived in the cities for so long D．Nature should be part of people’s daily life. 【答案】8．A 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文介绍了自然对人类身心健康的重要性，并通过多项研究和实例说明接触自然能够降低压力、提升幸福感，呼吁人们重视并融入自然环境中。 8．段落大意题。根据“However, humans are spending more time inside and less time outside. ... Many doctors feel that this is a problem in the twenty-first century.”可知，人类在室内的时间越来越多，在室外的时间越来越少，许多医生认为这是21世纪的一个问题。即第二段主要谈论了21世纪的一个问题。故选A。 9．推理判断题。根据“The virtual touch with nature helped them feel more relaxed. The natural world allows our brains to rest and slow down, and can trigger (触发) positive feelings and a sense of peace.”和“In general, they found that healthier people lived near parks.”可知，大自然可以帮助人们感到更放松，更健康。故选C。 10．推理判断题。根据“In a word, the human being cannot live without nature, and Mother Nature makes us grow stronger.”可知，人类离不开自然，大自然使我们变得更加强壮；这句话强调了将自然融入我们日常生活的重要性，表明与自然重新联系可以增强我们的力量，提高我们的幸福感。故选D。 D 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 In 1640, a man was seriously ill. He had to end the last trip of his life. Back home, people asked him, “You spent your whole life on the road. Do you regret (遗憾) it?” “I walked through many fantastic places in China,” he replied. “People say I’m as great as Zhang Qian and Xuanzang. So I have no regrets at all.” This man was Xu Xiake. He was the greatest traveller (旅行家) in Chinese history. From an early age, Xu dreamed of visiting China’s seas and mountains. But at the time, it was very difficult to travel far. However, this didn’t stop him. At 22, he set out on his life’s journey. He travelled for about 30 years, and achieved his dream. Xu made many geographical discoveries during his journey. Once, he visited Mount Huangshan. People then thought Tiandu Peak was higher than Lianhua Peak. To find out the truth, Xu climbed both peaks. He discovered that Lianhua Peak gave a wider view, so it must be higher. He was right! Xu recorded his travel experiences in his diary. This later became Xu Xiake’s Travel Notes. Thanks to this book, we can learn about China almost 400 years ago. “Exploring the unexplored” is the best description of Xu’s life. 11．What was Xu Xiake’s dream? (不超过10个单词) 12．How long did Xu Xiake travel? (不超过8个单词) 13．What do you think of Xu Xiake? And why? (不超过30个单词) 【答案】 11．To visit China’s seas and mountains. 12．He travelled for about 30 years. 13．He was great. Because he achieved his travel dream and made geographical discoveries. 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国历史上最伟大的旅行家徐霞客，讲述了他的旅行经历、成就及著作。 11．根据“From an early age, Xu dreamed of visiting China’s seas and mountains.”可知，徐霞客的梦想是游览中国的山川湖海，故填To visit China’s seas and mountains. 12．根据“He travelled for about 30 years, and achieved his dream.”可知，徐霞客旅行了大约30年，故填He travelled for about 30 years. 13．开放性问题，答案不唯一。参考答案He was great. Because he achieved his travel dream and made geographical discoveries. 六、语篇补全(本大题共4小题，每小题1分，共4分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的六个选项中选出四个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Nirmal Purja has set several world records after climbing the world’s 14 highest mountains in less than seven months. 1 Though he was born 1,600 meters above sea level, he didn’t climb any serious mountains until he was 29. But Mr Purja was trained to be strong. He used to be a soldier in the British army, where he had special training for fighting in very cold weather. In 2018, he left there to follow his dream of mountain climbing. There are only 14 mountains in the world that are higher than 8,000 meters. 2 The old record for climbing the 14 mountains was seven years, ten months and six days. It was set by ROK climber Kim Chang-ho in 2013. Mr Purja named his challenge “Project Possible”. 3 On October 29, just a little more than six months after he started, Nirmal Purja had finished climbing the 14th mountain. Though Mr Purja completed his challenge unbelievably quickly, it wasn’t easy. For example, during one day of climbing Shishapangma, Mr Purja and his team climbed for 15 hours nonstop. 4 Mr Purja believes his strong physical condition and his training as a soldier helped him. He hopes his efforts will inspire others. “People are only limited (限制) by their imagination,” he says. “If you don’t dream, then you won’t do it.” A．He had completed five more climbs in Pakistan. B．Mr Purja was born in Nepal, in the Himalayas. C．His goal was to climb all of them in less than seven months. D．He began on April 23, by climbing Annapurna in Nepal. E．They had to deal with winds as fast as 75 kilometers per hour. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．E 【导语】本文是一篇人物介绍类说明文，围绕尼泊尔登山家尼玛尔·普贾的登山壮举展开，介绍了他的背景、挑战目标、打破纪录的过程，以及他面对的困难和传递的精神。 1．根据“Though he was born 1,600 meters above sea level, he didn’t climb any serious mountains until he was 29.”可知，这里是在介绍他的出生地。选项B“普尔贾先生出生于尼泊尔的喜马拉雅山区。”能承接上文，说明他出生在高海拔地区的背景。故选B。 2．根据“There are only 14 mountains in the world that are higher than 8,000 meters.”以及“The old record for climbing the 14 mountains was seven years, ten months and six days.”可知，这里是在说明他的目标。选项C“他的目标是在不到七个月的时间里攀登完所有这些山峰。”能承接上文，引出他挑战纪录的内容。故选C。 3．根据“Mr Purja named his challenge ‘Project Possible’.”以及“On October 29, just a little more than six months after he started, Nirmal Purja had finished climbing the 14th mountain.”可知，这里是在说明他开始挑战的时间和地点。选项D“他于4月23日从攀登尼泊尔的安纳普尔纳峰开始。”能承接上文，补充他挑战的起始信息。故选D。 4．根据“For example, during one day of climbing Shishapangma, Mr Purja and his team climbed for 15 hours nonstop.”可知，这里是在补充他们遇到的具体困难。选项E“他们不得不应对时速高达75公里的强风。”能承接上文，进一步说明攀登的艰难。故选E。 七、单词拼写。(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 1．Scientists use special tools to measure the ________ (深) of the Mariana Trench. 【答案】depth 【详解】句意：科学家使用特殊工具来测量马里亚纳海沟的深度。空格处在定冠词the后，需用名词形式作宾语。depth意为“深度”，为不可数名词，符合语境。 2．Fish swim ________ (在……下面) the surface of the deep ocean where sunlight never reaches. 【答案】below 【详解】句意：鱼在阳光永远照射不到的深海表面下游动。“在……下面”对应below。Fish在这里表示鱼的种类，为复数概念，且句子描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，所以动词swim保持原形，而“在……下面”直接用介词below。 3．It’s ________ (有风险的) to walk alone in the dark, so you’d better ask someone to go with you. 【答案】risky 【详解】句意：在黑暗中独自走路是有风险的，所以你最好找个人和你一起去。根据汉语提示可知，此处需表达“有风险的”这一含义，对应的英文是risky。故填risky。 4．One of the ________ (条件) of the job is that you should be good at English. 【答案】conditions 【详解】句意：这份工作的条件之一是你应该擅长英语。根据汉语提示可知，condition“条件”，one of + 名词复数，表示“……之一”，所以此处用condition的复数形式。故填conditions。 5．To ________ (存活) in the wild, you need to find food, water and shelter (庇护所). 【答案】survive 【详解】句意：为了在野外存活，你需要找到食物、水和庇护所。To在此处是不定式符号，不定式结构“To+动词原形”常用来表示目的，“存活”对应的英文动词是survive，符合“在野外要做的行为（存活）及所需条件（找食物等）”的语境，故填survive。 八、语法填空。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填上适当单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。给出单词的空格不限一词，没有给出单词的空格限一词。 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的六个选项中选出四个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The Yellow River is the second 1 (long) river in China. It is also one of the most important 2 (wonder) in China. And Chinese people always consider the Yellow River as the “Mother River”. Its colour is different 3 other rivers. The colour is affected by the plenty of sediment (沉淀物) it carries. The Yellow River is of great importance to the Chinese 4 (civilize). It is the place where the Chinese nation was born and developed. The Yellow River has been a source (源头) of water for agriculture for thousands of years, and has helped to keep the 5 (develop) of the Chinese nation. However, everything has two sides. The river has flooded many times in history. And it caused great damage (损失) and death. In order 6 (control) the floods, the Chinese government has built a lot of dams (大坝) along the river. Unluckily, the Yellow River is 7 (face) great challenges today, like pollution, overuse of water and so on. These problems are mainly caused by human activities. For example, some of us like to use one-off plastic bags 8 drop litter here and there. Besides, people cut down trees for their needs. Taking care of the Yellow River is every person’s duty. By working together, we believe that the Yellow River will become much 9 (good). We can also make sure that it continues to be 10 important symbol of Chinese culture and history. 【答案】 1．longest 2．wonders 3．from 4．civilization 5．development 6．to control 7．facing 8．and 9．better 10．an 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了黄河的基本特征、黄河对中华民族的重要意义、历史水患问题以及当前黄河面临的生态问题，呼吁大众共同承担保护黄河的责任。 1．句意：黄河是中国第二长的河流。表示“第几……”的固定结构为“the+序数词+形容词最高级”，此处需用最高级形式。故填longest。 2．句意：它也是中国最重要的奇观之一。固定结构“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”，wonder作名词时意为“奇观”，此处需用复数形式。故填wonders。 3．句意：它的颜色和其他河流不同。be different from是固定搭配，意为“与……不同”。故填from。 4．句意：黄河对中华文明十分重要。此处形容词Chinese修饰名词，作介词to的宾语，civilize是动词，需用名词形式civilization“文明”。故填civilization。 5．句意：几千年来黄河一直是农业水源，助力了中华民族的发展。定冠词the后需用名词，develop是动词，名词形式是development“发展”。故填development。 6．句意：为了控制洪水，中国政府沿河修建了很多大坝。in order to do sth是固定搭配，意为“为了做某事”，不定式表目的。故填to control。 7．句意：不幸的是，如今黄河正面临着污染、水资源过度利用等诸多巨大挑战。由“today”可知，本句是现在进行时，is后需用现在分词facing。故填facing。 8．句意：例如，我们中的一些人喜欢使用一次性塑料袋，还到处乱扔垃圾。空格前后“use one-off plastic bags”和“drop litter here and there”是两个并列的动作，需用并列连词and连接。故填and。 9．句意：通过共同努力，我们相信黄河会变得好多了。much修饰比较级，表示“……得多了”，become后需用形容词作表语，good是原级，需用比较级形式better。故填better。 10．句意：我们还可以确保它继续成为中国文化和历史的重要象征。symbol是可数名词单数，此处表泛指“一个”，important以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 九、书面表达。(共15分) 桂林山水甲天下，请你用优美的语言，为桂林写一个简短的宣传广告吧。 写作提示： （1）位于广西壮族自治区东北部，占地约2,800平方千米； （2）以梦一样的自然景观著称，漓江流经城市，被峭立的山峰包围着，就像传统的中国画卷； （3）坐船游漓江是必选的经历，沿江会经过竹林，看到渔民垂钓，沿岸有古老村庄点缀。 写作要求： （1）层次清晰，语言流畅； （2）词数80左右，开头部分已给出，不计入总词数； （3）书写规范，卷面整洁； （4）文中不能出现考生姓名和学校名称。 提示词：广西壮族自治区（Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region） Welcome to Guilin As far as we know, the mountains and water in Guilin are the first in the world. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Welcome to Guilin As far as we know, the mountains and water in Guilin are the first in the world. If you want to visit one of the natural wonders, come to Guilin! Located in the northeast of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin is famous for its dreamlike wonderful landscapes. The Li River flows gently through the city, surrounded by unique mountains that rise straight from the water. These peaks create a magical scene which seems like traditional Chinese paintings. A boat trip along the Li River is a must-do experience. As you travel on the river, you’ ll pass water bamboo forests swinging in the wind, and see fishermen fishing on the small boats. The riverbanks are dotted with ancient villages where time seems to stand still in green fields. Whether you visit in spring when wildflowers bloom or autumn for clear skies, Guilin’s beauty will leave you great memories. Come and see why this place is called “the finest scenery under heaven”! 【详解】 [总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态以“一般现在时”为主； ③提示：需包含桂林的地理位置、面积、自然景观及漓江游览体验，可适当发挥，使文章通顺、完整，词数约80词，开头已给出。 [写作步骤] 第一步，开篇引用“桂林山水甲天下”，发出游览邀请； 第二步，介绍桂林的地理位置（广西壮族自治区东北部）和梦幻般的自然景观，描绘漓江与山峰构成的中国画卷意境； 第三步，重点推荐乘船游漓江的体验，描写沿途竹林、渔民垂钓和古老村庄的景致； 第四步，补充不同季节的游览魅力，升华“天下第一山水”的主题。 [亮点词汇] ①dreamlike landscapes梦幻般的景观 ②rise straight from the water拔地而起 ③a must-do experience必做的体验 ④be dotted with点缀着 [高分句型] ①The Li River flows through the city, surrounded by steep mountains like a traditional Chinese painting.(运用了过去分词作状语) ②The riverbanks are dotted with ancient villages where time seems to stand still in green fields.(where引导定语从句) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测 Unit 4·提升卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：100分） 一、听力选择(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 听短对话，回答小题。 1．What did the researchers use for deep ocean diving? A．A special underwater ship. B．A simple snorkel. C．A freshwater pool. 2．Which natural wonder does Annie like best? A．The Dead Sea. B．The Mariana Trench. C．The Great Barrier Reef. 3．How much water did the explorers need to survive in the Sahara Desert according to Daniel? A．At least three cubic miles. B．At least five cubic kilometres. C．At least ten cubic feet. 4．Which wonder does Mike plan to visit? A．The Pyramids. B．The Great Wall. C．The Grand Canyon. 5．Which part of America is the natural wonder located in? A．Western. B．Southern. C．Eastern. 听下面一段对话，回答下列两个小题。 6．How high is the waterfall? A．About 80 meters. B．About 110 meters. C．About 150 meters. 7．What does Gina stop Bill from doing? A．Swimming. B．Littering. C．Fishing. 听下面一段对话，回答下列小题。 8．Which river are the student and the teacher talking about? A．The Amazon River. B．The Nile River. C．The Yangtze River. 9．How long is the river? A．About 6，300 kilometres. B．About 6，440 kilometres. C．About 6，671 kilometres. 10．What will the students learn in the next geography class? A．Amazing rainforests. B．Famous deserts. C．More big rivers. 听短文，回答下列小题。 11．What can we know about Lugu Lake? A．It’s the third longest freshwater lake in China. B．It’s the third largest freshwater lake in China. C．It’s the third deepest freshwater lake in China. 12．How large is Lugu Lake? A．About 40 square kilometres. B．About 50 square kilometres. C．About 60 square kilometres. 13．What can tourists do on the lake? A．Go skating. B．Go fishing. C．Take a boat ride. 14．When is the best time to visit the lake? A．From February to March. B．From March to October. C．From October to December. 15．What can people watch at Lugu Lake in winter? A．Ice. B．Flowers. C．Birds. 二、单项选择(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 1．I’m ________ to know what’s in the box my parents gave me as a birthday present. A．careless B．changeable C．natural D．curious 2．—Could you please tell me something about the amusement park (游乐园), please? —With pleasure. It _________ an area of about 1.16 square kilometres, _________ four different parks. A．is; includes B．covers; includes C．covers; including D．is; including 3．The nature documentary was filmed ________ in the Amazon rainforest. It made the animals look so ________. A．alive; live B．lively; alive C．live; alive D．living; live 4．My teacher has given me useful suggestions and I want to thank him from the ________ of my heart. A．bottom B．development C．degree D．surface 5．We told him _________ risk _________ in these bad conditions. A．not to; travel B．not; travel C．not to; travelling D．not; travelling 6．—The forest fire is getting bigger. What should we do? —We must ________ immediately to put it out. A．take risks B．take breaks C．take measures D．take notes 7．Nanjing isn’t so large ________ Shanghai, however, it’s the second ________ city in East China A．as; largest B．like; largest C．like; large D．as; large 8．This wall is ________. That is to say, it is a ________ wall. A．five metre long; five metres long B．five-metres long; five-metre long C．five metres long; five-metre-long D．five-metre long; five-metres-long 9．—Peter, I’m sorry that I took your schoolbag by mistake. —It doesn’t matter. ________ have you found yours? A．Bit by bit B．On purpose C．By the way D．At all costs 10．—Canada is one of the largest ________ in the world. —Yes, it is larger than ________ country in Asia. A．country; any other B．countries; any other C．countries; any D．country; any 三、完形填空。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。 People often think of the North Pole and the South pole as 1 as frozen (冰冻的) wastelands. They are 2 places with very cold temperatures and few people live there. 3 , the north is not so similar to the South Pole as people may imagine. The north Pole has no land, only thick ice. Temperatures 4 go above 32 ºF, at which water turns into ice. Most of the time, it stays below zero. In winter temperatures are usually as low as 30°F. Although conditions were very poor, people tried for many centuries to 5 the North Pole. About 100 years ago, two men, Robert Peary and Mathew Henson, were able to get to this environment 6 of troubles and difficulties. They reach the North Pole on March 8th, 1909. It was really a 7 trip for them. There are few things more dangerous than crossing the Arctic (北极圈) on foot. People who stayed there may face many problems: very cold temperatures, sudden storms, even hunger. Most of the area is uninhabited(无人居住的). 8 people can live in such a difficult place. People might think that with such low temperatures for most of the year, the ice would be 9 and hard. However, this is not true in the arctic. The movement of the ocean water under the ice may often cause many different changes on the surface. Sometimes the ice 10 into two opening lanes of water called “leads”. Anyone who falls into a lead can be frozen to death in a few minutes. 1．A．different B．similar C．same D．hard 2．A．both B．neither C．all D．some 3．A．But B．Though C．Therefore D．However 4．A．always B．never C．seldom D．often 5．A．get B．reach C．arrive D．go 6．A．filled B．packed C．kind D．full 7．A．hard B．happy C．easy D．relaxing 8．A．Many B．Little C．Few D．Much 9．A．thin B．thick C．soft D．slim 10．A．cuts B．breaks C．falls D．turns 四、补全对话。(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 阅读下面对话，从7个选项中选择5个恰当的句子完成此对话。 A: Hi, Sarah. What’s the biggest rainforest in the world? B: 1 A: How big is it? B: 2 A: Where is it? B: 3 It crosses eight countries and most part of it is in Brazil. A: Oh, you know so much about it. B: Well, my teacher told me last week. A: Could you tell me anything more about it? B: Of course. 4 A: It must be very special and beautiful. B: Yes, it is. 5 A: Why? B: Because people cut down lots of trees every year. A: That’s too bad. A．How did you know it? B．It is in South America. C．It is the Amazon rainforest. D．Thank you for telling me so much. E．It is about 7 million square kilometers. F．About 20% of the birds in the world live in it. G．But it is becoming smaller and smaller in size these years. 五、阅读理解。(本大题共13小题，每小题2分，共26分) A Alex and his classmates are working on a project about the Great Lakes. Here is the information sheet they have made. Part 1: Facts The Great Lakes—Ontario, Huron, Michigan, Erie and Superior—are five freshwater giants. They span across eight US states and two Canadian provinces. Part 2: Comparison · Lake Ontario This lake has the smallest surface area at 7,340 square miles. Three dams (大坝) control the flow of water downstream and include locks so boats can enter from the Atlantic. · Lake Huron This is the second largest lake by surface area in the system and home to Manitoulin Island, the world’s largest freshwater island. · Lake Michigan It is joined to Lake Huron by the five-mile-wide Straits (海峡) of Mackinac, though they are still classed as two separate bodies. · Lake Erie With a maximum depth of 64 metres, this is the shallowest of the Great Lakes. It is generally the warmest, but also gets frozen more quickly than the others. · Lake Superior At 406 metres deep, the distance from the lake’s surface to its deepest point is about the same as the length of four football pitches. Part 3: Covering an area of 94,250 square miles, these huge bodies of water take up more than one-fifth of the world’s total freshwater. The Great Lakes provide drinking water for more than 40 million people, important shipping routes for more than 800 ocean ships, and keep a rich ecosystem for fishing and agriculture. They also support wildlife, the national economy and the environment. 1．Alex draws a map of the Great Lakes. Which number stands for Lake Ontario? A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 2．Alex wants to try ice fishing as early as possible. Which lake will he most probably choose? A．Lake Superior. B．Lake Erie. C．Lake Michigan. D．Lake Huron. 3．Alex finds something missing in Part 3. Which of the following will he put in the empty box? A．Value. B．Change. C．Protection. D．Development. 4．Who is the passage mainly written for? A．Scientists. B．Tourists. C．Students. D．Engineers. B Rainforests (热带雨林) are some of the most amazing places on Earth. They cover only about 6% of the world’s land, but are home to more than half of all living things. These dense forests are full of life, from tiny insects to large animals, and from small plants to tall trees. The rainforest has different layers. The top layer is called the emergent layer, where the tallest trees reach up to 70 meters. Below that is the canopy, a thick layer of leaves and branches that stops most sunlight from reaching the layers below. Next is the understory, with smaller trees and bushes. The bottom layer is the forest floor, where only a little sunlight gets through. Many rainforest animals have special skills to live in their layers. For example, sloths hang from the canopy branches. Their long claws help them stay there, and their slow movement helps them save energy. Toucans have big beaks to reach fruit on thin branches that can’t hold their weight. On the forest floor, jaguars use their spots to hide in the shadows while hunting. Rainforests are important for the whole world. They take in carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) and give out oxygen (氧气), which helps keep the air clean. They also help control the world’s weather. But rainforests are in danger. Every year, large areas are cut down for wood or to make space for farms. This destroys the homes of many animals and plants, and may even change the world’s climate. 5．What does the word “dense” mean in the first paragraph? A．Dry. B．Thick with plants. C．Cold. D．Easy to walk through. 6．Why do toucans have big beaks? A．To hang from branches. B．To hide from predators. C．To reach fruit on thin branches. D．To run fast on the forest floor. 7．Put the layers of the rainforest from top to bottom. ①understory ②emergent layer ③forest floor ④canopy A．②→④→①→③ B．④→②→①→③ C．②→①→④→③ D．④→①→②→③ C How do you feel about nature? After spending hours indoors, do you feel better when you visit your local park? I believe the answer must be “YES”. We should walk into nature so that we can enjoy the natural beauties around. Most people think that nature is good for our bodies and brains. However, humans are spending more time inside and less time outside. For example, the number of visitors to Canada’s national parks is getting lower every year. And in countries such as the USA, only 10% of teenagers spend time outside every day. Many doctors feel that this is a problem in the twenty-first century. As a result, some doctors are studying the connection between nature and health: one example of this is the work of Dr. Matilda in Sweden. The doctor gave people a math test. During the test, their heart rates (心率) were fast. After the test, one group of people sat in a 3D-virtual-reality (虚拟现实) room for fifteen minutes with pictures and sounds of nature. Their heart rates were slower than people’s in the other group. The virtual touch with nature helped them feel more relaxed. The natural world allows our brains to rest and slow down, and can trigger (触发) positive feelings and a sense of peace. Being in nature can leave us feeling happier and less stressed. Another good example of how nature is good for health comes from Canada. In Toronto, researchers studied 31,000 people living in the city. In general, they found that healthier people lived near parks. Because of studies like these, some countries and cities want nature to be part of people’s everyday life. In Dubai, for example, there are plans for a new shopping mall with a large garden so shoppers can relax outside with trees, plants and water. And South Korea is another good example: it has new forests near its cities and around 13 million people visit these forests every year. Being close to nature has been thought to be necessary for brain development in children. In Switzerland, “forest schools” are popular. Schoolchildren study their subjects in the forests and do lots of exercise outside. So after building cities for so long, perhaps it’s now time to start rebuilding nature. Nature holds a special kind of energy; it is pure and wild and spirit-renewing. In a word, the human being cannot live without nature, and Mother Nature makes us grow stronger. 8．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．A problem in the 21st century. B．How much time we spend outdoors. C．Visiting your local parks. D．Feeling about nature. 9．What do the results of the studies chow? A．More and more Canadians will live near parks. B．The math test is difficult and makes people nervous. C．Nature can help people feel more relaxed and be healthier. D．People’s heart rates get slower in a 3D virtual reality room. 10．What can we learn from the last sentence of the passage? A．Nature is more important than cities. B．Country life is healthier than city life. C．People have lived in the cities for so long D．Nature should be part of people’s daily life. D 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 In 1640, a man was seriously ill. He had to end the last trip of his life. Back home, people asked him, “You spent your whole life on the road. Do you regret (遗憾) it?” “I walked through many fantastic places in China,” he replied. “People say I’m as great as Zhang Qian and Xuanzang. So I have no regrets at all.” This man was Xu Xiake. He was the greatest traveller (旅行家) in Chinese history. From an early age, Xu dreamed of visiting China’s seas and mountains. But at the time, it was very difficult to travel far. However, this didn’t stop him. At 22, he set out on his life’s journey. He travelled for about 30 years, and achieved his dream. Xu made many geographical discoveries during his journey. Once, he visited Mount Huangshan. People then thought Tiandu Peak was higher than Lianhua Peak. To find out the truth, Xu climbed both peaks. He discovered that Lianhua Peak gave a wider view, so it must be higher. He was right! Xu recorded his travel experiences in his diary. This later became Xu Xiake’s Travel Notes. Thanks to this book, we can learn about China almost 400 years ago. “Exploring the unexplored” is the best description of Xu’s life. 11．What was Xu Xiake’s dream? (不超过10个单词) 12．How long did Xu Xiake travel? (不超过8个单词) 13．What do you think of Xu Xiake? And why? (不超过30个单词) 六、语篇补全(本大题共4小题，每小题1分，共4分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的六个选项中选出四个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Nirmal Purja has set several world records after climbing the world’s 14 highest mountains in less than seven months. 1 Though he was born 1,600 meters above sea level, he didn’t climb any serious mountains until he was 29. But Mr Purja was trained to be strong. He used to be a soldier in the British army, where he had special training for fighting in very cold weather. In 2018, he left there to follow his dream of mountain climbing. There are only 14 mountains in the world that are higher than 8,000 meters. 2 The old record for climbing the 14 mountains was seven years, ten months and six days. It was set by ROK climber Kim Chang-ho in 2013. Mr Purja named his challenge “Project Possible”. 3 On October 29, just a little more than six months after he started, Nirmal Purja had finished climbing the 14th mountain. Though Mr Purja completed his challenge unbelievably quickly, it wasn’t easy. For example, during one day of climbing Shishapangma, Mr Purja and his team climbed for 15 hours nonstop. 4 Mr Purja believes his strong physical condition and his training as a soldier helped him. He hopes his efforts will inspire others. “People are only limited (限制) by their imagination,” he says. “If you don’t dream, then you won’t do it.” A．He had completed five more climbs in Pakistan. B．Mr Purja was born in Nepal, in the Himalayas. C．His goal was to climb all of them in less than seven months. D．He began on April 23, by climbing Annapurna in Nepal. E．They had to deal with winds as fast as 75 kilometers per hour. 七、单词拼写。(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 1．Scientists use special tools to measure the ________ (深) of the Mariana Trench. 2．Fish swim ________ (在……下面) the surface of the deep ocean where sunlight never reaches. 3．It’s ________ (有风险的) to walk alone in the dark, so you’d better ask someone to go with you. 4．One of the ________ (条件) of the job is that you should be good at English. 5．To ________ (存活) in the wild, you need to find food, water and shelter (庇护所). 八、语法填空。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填上适当单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。给出单词的空格不限一词，没有给出单词的空格限一词。 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的六个选项中选出四个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The Yellow River is the second 1 (long) river in China. It is also one of the most important 2 (wonder) in China. And Chinese people always consider the Yellow River as the “Mother River”. Its colour is different 3 other rivers. The colour is affected by the plenty of sediment (沉淀物) it carries. The Yellow River is of great importance to the Chinese 4 (civilize). It is the place where the Chinese nation was born and developed. The Yellow River has been a source (源头) of water for agriculture for thousands of years, and has helped to keep the 5 (develop) of the Chinese nation. However, everything has two sides. The river has flooded many times in history. And it caused great damage (损失) and death. In order 6 (control) the floods, the Chinese government has built a lot of dams (大坝) along the river. Unluckily, the Yellow River is 7 (face) great challenges today, like pollution, overuse of water and so on. These problems are mainly caused by human activities. For example, some of us like to use one-off plastic bags 8 drop litter here and there. Besides, people cut down trees for their needs. Taking care of the Yellow River is every person’s duty. By working together, we believe that the Yellow River will become much 9 (good). We can also make sure that it continues to be 10 important symbol of Chinese culture and history. 九、书面表达。(共15分) 桂林山水甲天下，请你用优美的语言，为桂林写一个简短的宣传广告吧。 写作提示： （1）位于广西壮族自治区东北部，占地约2,800平方千米； （2）以梦一样的自然景观著称，漓江流经城市，被峭立的山峰包围着，就像传统的中国画卷； （3）坐船游漓江是必选的经历，沿江会经过竹林，看到渔民垂钓，沿岸有古老村庄点缀。 写作要求： （1）层次清晰，语言流畅； （2）词数80左右，开头部分已给出，不计入总词数； （3）书写规范，卷面整洁； （4）文中不能出现考生姓名和学校名称。 提示词：广西壮族自治区（Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region） Welcome to Guilin As far as we know, the mountains and water in Guilin are the first in the world. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第3页（共8页） 试题 第4页（共8页） 试题 第1页（共8页） 试题 第2页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测 Unit 4·提升卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：100分） 一、听力选择(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 听短对话，回答小题。 1．What did the researchers use for deep ocean diving? A．A special underwater ship. B．A simple snorkel. C．A freshwater pool. 2．Which natural wonder does Annie like best? A．The Dead Sea. B．The Mariana Trench. C．The Great Barrier Reef. 3．How much water did the explorers need to survive in the Sahara Desert according to Daniel? A．At least three cubic miles. B．At least five cubic kilometres. C．At least ten cubic feet. 4．Which wonder does Mike plan to visit? A．The Pyramids. B．The Great Wall. C．The Grand Canyon. 5．Which part of America is the natural wonder located in? A．Western. B．Southern. C．Eastern. 听下面一段对话，回答下列两个小题。 6．How high is the waterfall? A．About 80 meters. B．About 110 meters. C．About 150 meters. 7．What does Gina stop Bill from doing? A．Swimming. B．Littering. C．Fishing. 听下面一段对话，回答下列小题。 8．Which river are the student and the teacher talking about? A．The Amazon River. B．The Nile River. C．The Yangtze River. 9．How long is the river? A．About 6，300 kilometres. B．About 6，440 kilometres. C．About 6，671 kilometres. 10．What will the students learn in the next geography class? A．Amazing rainforests. B．Famous deserts. C．More big rivers. 听短文，回答下列小题。 11．What can we know about Lugu Lake? A．It’s the third longest freshwater lake in China. B．It’s the third largest freshwater lake in China. C．It’s the third deepest freshwater lake in China. 12．How large is Lugu Lake? A．About 40 square kilometres. B．About 50 square kilometres. C．About 60 square kilometres. 13．What can tourists do on the lake? A．Go skating. B．Go fishing. C．Take a boat ride. 14．When is the best time to visit the lake? A．From February to March. B．From March to October. C．From October to December. 15．What can people watch at Lugu Lake in winter? A．Ice. B．Flowers. C．Birds. 二、单项选择(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 1．I’m ________ to know what’s in the box my parents gave me as a birthday present. A．careless B．changeable C．natural D．curious 2．—Could you please tell me something about the amusement park (游乐园), please? —With pleasure. It _________ an area of about 1.16 square kilometres, _________ four different parks. A．is; includes B．covers; includes C．covers; including D．is; including 3．The nature documentary was filmed ________ in the Amazon rainforest. It made the animals look so ________. A．alive; live B．lively; alive C．live; alive D．living; live 4．My teacher has given me useful suggestions and I want to thank him from the ________ of my heart. A．bottom B．development C．degree D．surface 5．We told him _________ risk _________ in these bad conditions. A．not to; travel B．not; travel C．not to; travelling D．not; travelling 6．—The forest fire is getting bigger. What should we do? —We must ________ immediately to put it out. A．take risks B．take breaks C．take measures D．take notes 7．Nanjing isn’t so large ________ Shanghai, however, it’s the second ________ city in East China A．as; largest B．like; largest C．like; large D．as; large 8．This wall is ________. That is to say, it is a ________ wall. A．five metre long; five metres long B．five-metres long; five-metre long C．five metres long; five-metre-long D．five-metre long; five-metres-long 9．—Peter, I’m sorry that I took your schoolbag by mistake. —It doesn’t matter. ________ have you found yours? A．Bit by bit B．On purpose C．By the way D．At all costs 10．—Canada is one of the largest ________ in the world. —Yes, it is larger than ________ country in Asia. A．country; any other B．countries; any other C．countries; any D．country; any 三、完形填空。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。 People often think of the North Pole and the South pole as 1 as frozen (冰冻的) wastelands. They are 2 places with very cold temperatures and few people live there. 3 , the north is not so similar to the South Pole as people may imagine. The north Pole has no land, only thick ice. Temperatures 4 go above 32 ºF, at which water turns into ice. Most of the time, it stays below zero. In winter temperatures are usually as low as 30°F. Although conditions were very poor, people tried for many centuries to 5 the North Pole. About 100 years ago, two men, Robert Peary and Mathew Henson, were able to get to this environment 6 of troubles and difficulties. They reach the North Pole on March 8th, 1909. It was really a 7 trip for them. There are few things more dangerous than crossing the Arctic (北极圈) on foot. People who stayed there may face many problems: very cold temperatures, sudden storms, even hunger. Most of the area is uninhabited(无人居住的). 8 people can live in such a difficult place. People might think that with such low temperatures for most of the year, the ice would be 9 and hard. However, this is not true in the arctic. The movement of the ocean water under the ice may often cause many different changes on the surface. Sometimes the ice 10 into two opening lanes of water called “leads”. Anyone who falls into a lead can be frozen to death in a few minutes. 1．A．different B．similar C．same D．hard 2．A．both B．neither C．all D．some 3．A．But B．Though C．Therefore D．However 4．A．always B．never C．seldom D．often 5．A．get B．reach C．arrive D．go 6．A．filled B．packed C．kind D．full 7．A．hard B．happy C．easy D．relaxing 8．A．Many B．Little C．Few D．Much 9．A．thin B．thick C．soft D．slim 10．A．cuts B．breaks C．falls D．turns 四、补全对话。(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 阅读下面对话，从7个选项中选择5个恰当的句子完成此对话。 A: Hi, Sarah. What’s the biggest rainforest in the world? B: 1 A: How big is it? B: 2 A: Where is it? B: 3 It crosses eight countries and most part of it is in Brazil. A: Oh, you know so much about it. B: Well, my teacher told me last week. A: Could you tell me anything more about it? B: Of course. 4 A: It must be very special and beautiful. B: Yes, it is. 5 A: Why? B: Because people cut down lots of trees every year. A: That’s too bad. A．How did you know it? B．It is in South America. C．It is the Amazon rainforest. D．Thank you for telling me so much. E．It is about 7 million square kilometers. F．About 20% of the birds in the world live in it. G．But it is becoming smaller and smaller in size these years. 五、阅读理解。(本大题共13小题，每小题2分，共26分) A Alex and his classmates are working on a project about the Great Lakes. Here is the information sheet they have made. Part 1: Facts The Great Lakes—Ontario, Huron, Michigan, Erie and Superior—are five freshwater giants. They span across eight US states and two Canadian provinces. Part 2: Comparison · Lake Ontario This lake has the smallest surface area at 7,340 square miles. Three dams (大坝) control the flow of water downstream and include locks so boats can enter from the Atlantic. · Lake Huron This is the second largest lake by surface area in the system and home to Manitoulin Island, the world’s largest freshwater island. · Lake Michigan It is joined to Lake Huron by the five-mile-wide Straits (海峡) of Mackinac, though they are still classed as two separate bodies. · Lake Erie With a maximum depth of 64 metres, this is the shallowest of the Great Lakes. It is generally the warmest, but also gets frozen more quickly than the others. · Lake Superior At 406 metres deep, the distance from the lake’s surface to its deepest point is about the same as the length of four football pitches. Part 3: Covering an area of 94,250 square miles, these huge bodies of water take up more than one-fifth of the world’s total freshwater. The Great Lakes provide drinking water for more than 40 million people, important shipping routes for more than 800 ocean ships, and keep a rich ecosystem for fishing and agriculture. They also support wildlife, the national economy and the environment. 1．Alex draws a map of the Great Lakes. Which number stands for Lake Ontario? A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 2．Alex wants to try ice fishing as early as possible. Which lake will he most probably choose? A．Lake Superior. B．Lake Erie. C．Lake Michigan. D．Lake Huron. 3．Alex finds something missing in Part 3. Which of the following will he put in the empty box? A．Value. B．Change. C．Protection. D．Development. 4．Who is the passage mainly written for? A．Scientists. B．Tourists. C．Students. D．Engineers. B Rainforests (热带雨林) are some of the most amazing places on Earth. They cover only about 6% of the world’s land, but are home to more than half of all living things. These dense forests are full of life, from tiny insects to large animals, and from small plants to tall trees. The rainforest has different layers. The top layer is called the emergent layer, where the tallest trees reach up to 70 meters. Below that is the canopy, a thick layer of leaves and branches that stops most sunlight from reaching the layers below. Next is the understory, with smaller trees and bushes. The bottom layer is the forest floor, where only a little sunlight gets through. Many rainforest animals have special skills to live in their layers. For example, sloths hang from the canopy branches. Their long claws help them stay there, and their slow movement helps them save energy. Toucans have big beaks to reach fruit on thin branches that can’t hold their weight. On the forest floor, jaguars use their spots to hide in the shadows while hunting. Rainforests are important for the whole world. They take in carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) and give out oxygen (氧气), which helps keep the air clean. They also help control the world’s weather. But rainforests are in danger. Every year, large areas are cut down for wood or to make space for farms. This destroys the homes of many animals and plants, and may even change the world’s climate. 5．What does the word “dense” mean in the first paragraph? A．Dry. B．Thick with plants. C．Cold. D．Easy to walk through. 6．Why do toucans have big beaks? A．To hang from branches. B．To hide from predators. C．To reach fruit on thin branches. D．To run fast on the forest floor. 7．Put the layers of the rainforest from top to bottom. ①understory ②emergent layer ③forest floor ④canopy A．②→④→①→③ B．④→②→①→③ C．②→①→④→③ D．④→①→②→③ C How do you feel about nature? After spending hours indoors, do you feel better when you visit your local park? I believe the answer must be “YES”. We should walk into nature so that we can enjoy the natural beauties around. Most people think that nature is good for our bodies and brains. However, humans are spending more time inside and less time outside. For example, the number of visitors to Canada’s national parks is getting lower every year. And in countries such as the USA, only 10% of teenagers spend time outside every day. Many doctors feel that this is a problem in the twenty-first century. As a result, some doctors are studying the connection between nature and health: one example of this is the work of Dr. Matilda in Sweden. The doctor gave people a math test. During the test, their heart rates (心率) were fast. After the test, one group of people sat in a 3D-virtual-reality (虚拟现实) room for fifteen minutes with pictures and sounds of nature. Their heart rates were slower than people’s in the other group. The virtual touch with nature helped them feel more relaxed. The natural world allows our brains to rest and slow down, and can trigger (触发) positive feelings and a sense of peace. Being in nature can leave us feeling happier and less stressed. Another good example of how nature is good for health comes from Canada. In Toronto, researchers studied 31,000 people living in the city. In general, they found that healthier people lived near parks. Because of studies like these, some countries and cities want nature to be part of people’s everyday life. In Dubai, for example, there are plans for a new shopping mall with a large garden so shoppers can relax outside with trees, plants and water. And South Korea is another good example: it has new forests near its cities and around 13 million people visit these forests every year. Being close to nature has been thought to be necessary for brain development in children. In Switzerland, “forest schools” are popular. Schoolchildren study their subjects in the forests and do lots of exercise outside. So after building cities for so long, perhaps it’s now time to start rebuilding nature. Nature holds a special kind of energy; it is pure and wild and spirit-renewing. In a word, the human being cannot live without nature, and Mother Nature makes us grow stronger. 8．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．A problem in the 21st century. B．How much time we spend outdoors. C．Visiting your local parks. D．Feeling about nature. 9．What do the results of the studies chow? A．More and more Canadians will live near parks. B．The math test is difficult and makes people nervous. C．Nature can help people feel more relaxed and be healthier. D．People’s heart rates get slower in a 3D virtual reality room. 10．What can we learn from the last sentence of the passage? A．Nature is more important than cities. B．Country life is healthier than city life. C．People have lived in the cities for so long D．Nature should be part of people’s daily life. D 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 In 1640, a man was seriously ill. He had to end the last trip of his life. Back home, people asked him, “You spent your whole life on the road. Do you regret (遗憾) it?” “I walked through many fantastic places in China,” he replied. “People say I’m as great as Zhang Qian and Xuanzang. So I have no regrets at all.” This man was Xu Xiake. He was the greatest traveller (旅行家) in Chinese history. From an early age, Xu dreamed of visiting China’s seas and mountains. But at the time, it was very difficult to travel far. However, this didn’t stop him. At 22, he set out on his life’s journey. He travelled for about 30 years, and achieved his dream. Xu made many geographical discoveries during his journey. Once, he visited Mount Huangshan. People then thought Tiandu Peak was higher than Lianhua Peak. To find out the truth, Xu climbed both peaks. He discovered that Lianhua Peak gave a wider view, so it must be higher. He was right! Xu recorded his travel experiences in his diary. This later became Xu Xiake’s Travel Notes. Thanks to this book, we can learn about China almost 400 years ago. “Exploring the unexplored” is the best description of Xu’s life. 11．What was Xu Xiake’s dream? (不超过10个单词) 12．How long did Xu Xiake travel? (不超过8个单词) 13．What do you think of Xu Xiake? And why? (不超过30个单词) 六、语篇补全(本大题共4小题，每小题1分，共4分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的六个选项中选出四个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Nirmal Purja has set several world records after climbing the world’s 14 highest mountains in less than seven months. 1 Though he was born 1,600 meters above sea level, he didn’t climb any serious mountains until he was 29. But Mr Purja was trained to be strong. He used to be a soldier in the British army, where he had special training for fighting in very cold weather. In 2018, he left there to follow his dream of mountain climbing. There are only 14 mountains in the world that are higher than 8,000 meters. 2 The old record for climbing the 14 mountains was seven years, ten months and six days. It was set by ROK climber Kim Chang-ho in 2013. Mr Purja named his challenge “Project Possible”. 3 On October 29, just a little more than six months after he started, Nirmal Purja had finished climbing the 14th mountain. Though Mr Purja completed his challenge unbelievably quickly, it wasn’t easy. For example, during one day of climbing Shishapangma, Mr Purja and his team climbed for 15 hours nonstop. 4 Mr Purja believes his strong physical condition and his training as a soldier helped him. He hopes his efforts will inspire others. “People are only limited (限制) by their imagination,” he says. “If you don’t dream, then you won’t do it.” A．He had completed five more climbs in Pakistan. B．Mr Purja was born in Nepal, in the Himalayas. C．His goal was to climb all of them in less than seven months. D．He began on April 23, by climbing Annapurna in Nepal. E．They had to deal with winds as fast as 75 kilometers per hour. 七、单词拼写。(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 1．Scientists use special tools to measure the ________ (深) of the Mariana Trench. 2．Fish swim ________ (在……下面) the surface of the deep ocean where sunlight never reaches. 3．It’s ________ (有风险的) to walk alone in the dark, so you’d better ask someone to go with you. 4．One of the ________ (条件) of the job is that you should be good at English. 5．To ________ (存活) in the wild, you need to find food, water and shelter (庇护所). 八、语法填空。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填上适当单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。给出单词的空格不限一词，没有给出单词的空格限一词。 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的六个选项中选出四个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The Yellow River is the second 1 (long) river in China. It is also one of the most important 2 (wonder) in China. And Chinese people always consider the Yellow River as the “Mother River”. Its colour is different 3 other rivers. The colour is affected by the plenty of sediment (沉淀物) it carries. The Yellow River is of great importance to the Chinese 4 (civilize). It is the place where the Chinese nation was born and developed. The Yellow River has been a source (源头) of water for agriculture for thousands of years, and has helped to keep the 5 (develop) of the Chinese nation. However, everything has two sides. The river has flooded many times in history. And it caused great damage (损失) and death. In order 6 (control) the floods, the Chinese government has built a lot of dams (大坝) along the river. Unluckily, the Yellow River is 7 (face) great challenges today, like pollution, overuse of water and so on. These problems are mainly caused by human activities. For example, some of us like to use one-off plastic bags 8 drop litter here and there. Besides, people cut down trees for their needs. Taking care of the Yellow River is every person’s duty. By working together, we believe that the Yellow River will become much 9 (good). We can also make sure that it continues to be 10 important symbol of Chinese culture and history. 九、书面表达。(共15分) 桂林山水甲天下，请你用优美的语言，为桂林写一个简短的宣传广告吧。 写作提示： （1）位于广西壮族自治区东北部，占地约2,800平方千米； （2）以梦一样的自然景观著称，漓江流经城市，被峭立的山峰包围着，就像传统的中国画卷； （3）坐船游漓江是必选的经历，沿江会经过竹林，看到渔民垂钓，沿岸有古老村庄点缀。 写作要求： （1）层次清晰，语言流畅； （2）词数80左右，开头部分已给出，不计入总词数； （3）书写规范，卷面整洁； （4）文中不能出现考生姓名和学校名称。 提示词：广西壮族自治区（Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region） Welcome to Guilin As far as we know, the mountains and water in Guilin are the first in the world. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $