Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature（单元自测·基础卷）英语新教材人教版八年级下册

2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测 Unit4·基础卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 一、单项选择。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 1．— ________ is it from here to our school? — It is five kilometers from here to our school. A．How much B．How far C．How many D．How long 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——从这里到我们学校有多远？——从这里到我们学校有五公里远。 考查特殊疑问词的辨析。How much用于询问不可数名词的数量或价格；How far用于询问距离，意思是“多远”；How many用于询问可数名词的数量，后面要接可数名词复数；How long询问时间的长短和物体的长度。根据答句可知是对距离进行提问，所以应该用How far，答案选B。 2．— Alice, you shouldn’t buy things ________ because they are cheap. — Sorry, I won’t. A．highly B．simply C．wisely D．clearly 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——爱丽丝，你不应该仅仅因为东西便宜就买它们。——抱歉，我不会了。 考查副词辨析。highly高度地；simply仅仅，只不过；wisely明智地；clearly清楚地。根据“Sorry, I won’t.”可知，说话人是在提醒Alice不要只因为便宜就买东西，强调“唯一或单纯的原因”。故选B。 3．—Thanks to the efforts of our government, our living ________ are better and better. —Yes. We are so lucky to live in a peaceful and happy country. A．solutions B．education C．conditions D．relation 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——多亏了我们政府的努力，我们的生活条件越来越好。——是的，我们很幸运生活在一个和平幸福的国家。 考查名词辨析。solutions解决方案；education教育；conditions条件；relation关系。根据上下文“our living...are better and better”和回应“live in a peaceful and happy country”，生活越来越好应指生活状况或环境的改善，选项C“条件”符合语境。故选C。 4．Red squirrels depend on their thicker winter fur and food hidden in autumn to ________. A．stay B．serve C．survive D．search 【答案】C 【详解】句意：红松鼠依靠更厚的冬季皮毛和秋天储存的食物来生存。 考查动词辨析。stay停留；serve服务；survive生存；search搜寻。根据“Red squirrels depend on their thicker winter fur and food hidden in autumn”可知，红松鼠更厚的冬季皮毛和秋天储存的食物目的是生存，此处应填“生存”对应的动词。故选C。 5．Playing on the street may put you ________ of being hit by a car. A．in wonder B．in silence C．at risk D．at first 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在街上玩耍可能会让你处于被车撞的风险中。 考查介词短语辨析。in wonder惊奇地；in silence沉默地；at risk处于危险中；at first起初。根据“being hit by a car”可知，此处强调“处于危险中”。故选C。 6．—Which river is ________, the Changjiang River or the Yellow River? —The Changjiang River. It is ________ river in the world. A．long; the third longer B．longer; the three longer C．longer; the third longest D．longest; the third longest 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——长江和黄河哪条河更长？——长江。它是世界上第三长河。 考查比较级和最高级。根据“the Changjiang River or the Yellow River”可知第一空是两者进行比较，应用比较级longer，排除A/D选项；根据“The Changjiang River. It is ... river in the world.”可知长江是世界上第三长河，用the+序数词+最高级“第几……”。故选C。 7．The river near our village is ________. It is dangerous to swim in it. A．20 metres’ deep B．20-metre-deep C．20 metres deep D．20-metres-deep 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们村子附近的河是20米深。在里面游泳很危险。 考查表示深度的表达方式。20 metres’ deep二十米的深；20-metre-deep二十米深的；20 metres deep二十米深；20-metres-deep错误结构，metre应该用单数。根据“The river near our village is ...”可知，此处用作表语，用“数词+单位词+形容词”的结构。故选C。 8．I’ll tell you ________ you promise not to tell others about it. A．although B．only if C．when D．because 【答案】B 【详解】句意：只有你答应不告诉别人，我才会告诉你。 考查连词。although虽然；only if只有……才；when当……时；because因为。根据“I’ll tell you…you promise not to tell others about it.”的语境可知，此处表示条件，指“我会告诉你”的条件是“你答应不告诉别人”，B项符合。故选B。 9．—Hobo, can you read the number 620,091 in English? —It is ________. A．six hundred twenty thousand ninety-one B．six hundred and twenty thousand and ninety-one C．six hundred twenty thousand and ninety-one D．six hundred and twenty thousand ninety-one 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——Hobo，你能用英语读620091这个数字吗？——它读作六十二万零九十一。 考查数字读法。英语中没有“万”这个单位，62万，应该用six hundred and twenty thousand表示，千位和百位之间不用and连接，但百位和十位之间需要用and连接。故选B。 10．The man ________ ten years ago, but his ________ still makes people in his country sad now. A．dead; dead B．died; dead C．died; death D．dead; death 【答案】C 【详解】句意：那个人十年前去世了，但他的去世现在仍然让他国家的人们感到悲伤。 考查动词与名词辨析。dead形容词，死的；died动词die的过去式，去世；dead形容词，死的；death名词，死亡。第一空缺少谓语动词，根据时间状语“ten years ago”可知用过去式，应选died；第二空在his后作主语，需用名词death。故选C。 二、完形填空。(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。 A China is a great country with more than 5,000 years of history. There are many 1 in China. They attract millions of tourists from all over the world every year. Many mountains, such as Mount Taishan, Mount Emeishan and Mount Huashan, are very famous. People like going to Mount Taishan to watch the sunrise. There are many rivers in China. The Yangtze River is the longest one and the second 2 one is the Yellow River. They helped the 3 of Chinese civilization. 4 the rivers in China, there are also a great number of lakes. One of the most famous lakes is the West Lake. Have you heard of the story about Xu Xian and White Snake? It is said that the story 5 on the West Lake. The West Lake is the best place that I have ever visited. It lies in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. The scenery is so attractive that visitors often lose 6 in it. The West Lake has become famous 7 not only its special scenery but some beautiful poems. The great poets Bai Juyi and Su Dongpo 8 plenty of poems. 9 the surrounding (周围的) area of the West Lake is the home of the famous Longjing Tea. The tea is good for people’s health. Have you ever been to the West Lake? If not, look for a 0 to go to the fantastic place! 1．A．means B．wonders C．researches D．objects 2．A．farthest B．highest C．longest D．widest 3．A．agreement B．achievement C．measurement D．development 4．A．Thanks to B．Welcome to C．Compared to D．Next to 5．A．remained B．planted C．returned D．happened 6．A．myself B．ourselves C．themselves D．himself 7．A．for B．as C．with D．in 8．A．threw B．wrote C．made D．divered 9．A．So B．But C．And D．Or 10．A．check B．bottom C．level D．chance 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．D 5．D 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文介绍了中国的知名山川河湖，着重介绍了杭州西湖的风景与文化，呼吁人们有机会前去游览。 1．句意：中国有很多奇观。 means方法；wonders奇观；researches研究；objects物品。根据后文“Many mountains, such as Mount Taishan, Mount Emeishan and Mount Huashan, are very famous.”和“There are many rivers in China. The Yangtze River is the longest...”等提到的名山河流可知，中国有众多奇观。故选B。 2．句意：长江是最长的河流，第二长的是黄河。 farthest最远的；highest最高的；longest最长的；widest最宽的。根据“The Yangtze River is the longest one”可知此处描述河流长度，黄河是中国第二长河。故选C。 3．句意：它们推动了中华文明的发展。 agreement同意；achievement成就；measurement测量；development发展。根据“They helped the...of Chinese civilization.”和常识可知，长江黄河是中华文明的母亲河，有助于文明的发展。故选D。 4．句意：中国除了河流众多，还有大量湖泊。 Thanks to多亏；Welcome to欢迎来到；Compared to和……相比；Next to在……旁边，除……之外还有。根据“there are also a great number of lakes”可知，中国除河流外还有湖泊。故选D。 5．句意：据说这个故事发生在西湖。 remained保留；planted种植；returned返回；happened发生。根据“the story about Xu Xian and White Snake”可知表述故事发生的地点。故选D。 6．句意：景色如此迷人，游客们经常沉醉其中。 myself我自己；ourselves我们自己；themselves他们自己；himself他自己。根据主语“visitors”可知对应的反身代词为themselves，固定搭配lose oneself in表示“沉醉于”。故选C。 7．句意：西湖闻名不仅因为它独特的景色，还有优美的诗歌。 for因为；as作为；with和；in在……里。固定搭配be famous for表示“因……而闻名”。故选A。 8．句意：伟大诗人白居易和苏东坡写了很多诗歌。 threw扔；wrote写；made制作；dived潜水。根据“great poets”和“plenty of poems”可知诗人的行为是写诗。故选B。 9．句意：并且西湖周边是著名龙井茶的产地。 So所以；But但是；And并且；Or或者。根据“The West Lake is the best place that I have ever visited. It lies...”可知，前文介绍西湖的景色和相关诗歌，此处“the surrounding (周围的) area of the West Lake is the home of the famous Longjing Tea.”介绍周边特产，是并列递进关系。故选C。 10．句意：如果没去过，找个机会去这个美妙的地方吧。 check检查；bottom底部；level水平；chance机会。根据“Have you ever been to the West Lake? If not, look for a...to go to the fantastic place!”可知，找个机会去西湖，此处是作者向读者发出游玩建议。故选D。 B Lei Diansheng, a famous Chinese explorer and environmental protector, is known as “the modern Xu Xiake”. He once 1 his deep love for nature and his worry about its destruction (破坏). Before his 10-year journey across China, he spent ten years preparing his body and mind. He was very 2 with his training plan, doing long runs and studying survival skills every single day without fail. Yet, he still thought relaxation was 3 . He believed being relaxed could help him reduce 4 during difficult times. From 1998 to 2008, Lei walked about 81,000 kilometres by himself. He wore out 52 pairs of shoes and faced many dangers. 5 , he never gave up. In 2008, he 6 to walk through the Lop Nur Desert—a single journey that made him the first person to cross it by himself. Besides phones, he didn’t even use any modern equipment (设备) 7 his trips. Lei didn’t walk for fun. In the past, he visited all 56 ethnic groups (少数民族) in China and kept detailed records of cultures and nature. Now, he works as a(n) 8 at student hiking camps. There, he teaches children to learn about different plants and 9 local cultures while encouraging them to relax and protect nature. Lei’s story shows that true exploration means not only going 10 but also protecting the beautiful land. 1．A．expressed B．invited C．shot D．swam 2．A．angry B．bored C．strict D．bad 3．A．homeless B．useless C．scary D．important 4．A．happiness B．stress C．cost D．joy 5．A．Also B．So C．However D．but 6．A．disagreed B．managed C．failed D．refused 7．A．during B．onto C．with D．without 8．A．guest B．programmer C．instructor D．worker 9．A．imagine B．hate C．forget D．understand 10．A．far B．little C．below D．inside 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文介绍了被誉为“现代徐霞客”的探险家和环境保护者雷殿生的事迹。 1．句意：他曾表达过自己对大自然的深深热爱以及对大自然遭到破坏的担忧。 expressed表达；invited邀请；shot发射，拍摄；swam游泳。根据“his deep love for nature and his worry about its destruction (破坏)”可知，此处应该说的是表达对自然的热爱和对自然遭到破坏的担忧。故选A。 2．句意：他对训练计划要求十分严格，每天都要进行长跑训练，并学习生存技能，从未间断。 angry生气的；bored无聊的；strict严格的；bad坏的。根据“doing long runs and studying survival (生存) skills every single day without fail”可知，他对训练计划很严格，be strict with“对……要求严格”。故选C。 3．句意：然而，他仍然认为放松很重要。 homeless无家可归的；useless无用的；scary吓人的；important重要的。根据“He believed being relaxed could help him”可知，他认为放松也很重要。故选D。 4．句意：他认为放松能够帮助他在困难时期减轻压力。 happiness开心；stress压力；cost费用；joy快乐。根据“He believed being relaxed could help him reduce ”可知，此处应该是说放松能有助于减轻压力。故选B。 5．句意：然而，他从未放弃。 Also也；So所以；However然而，后面常跟逗号；but但是，后面不跟逗号。前句“He wore out 52 pairs of shoes and faced many dangers.”和“he never gave up”构成转折关系，且句中有逗号，故选C。 6．句意：2008 年，他设法穿越了罗布泊沙漠——这一单程之旅使他成为第一个独自穿越该沙漠的人。 disagreed不同意；managed设法；failed失败；refused拒绝。根据“a single journey that made him the first person to cross it by himself”可知，他设法穿越了罗布泊沙漠，manage to do“设法做某事”。故选B。 7．句意：在旅行中，除了手机，他甚至没有使用任何现代设备。 during在……期间；onto到……上面；with和；without没有。根据“his trips”可知，此处是说在这次旅途中。故选A。 8．句意：如今，他在学生徒步营地担任教练一职。 guest客人；programmer程序员；instructor讲师，教练；worker工人。根据后句“There, he teaches children to learn about different plants”可知，他在这个营地里担任教练。故选C。 9．句意：在那里，他教导孩子们了解各种植物，同时让他们理解当地文化，并鼓励他们放松身心、保护自然环境。 imagine想象；hate讨厌；forget忘记；understand理解。根据“local cultures”可知，此处是说教孩子们了解当地文化。故选D。 10．句意：雷的故事表明，真正的探索不仅意味着走得远，还意味着保护这片美丽的土地。 far远的；little小的；below低于；inside在里面。根据“true exploration means”可知，此处是说真正的探索不仅意味着走得远。故选A。 三、补全对话。(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 阅读下面对话，从7个选项中选择5个恰当的句子完成此对话。 A: Hello, Simon! 1 B: Of course. Go ahead! A: Have you ever been to the Chaohu Lake? B: Yes. I have been there twice. 2 A: 3 B: It’s over 800 square kilometers. And it’s about 54.5 kilometers long from west to east. A: What’s it famous as? B: 4 A: There must be many different kinds of fishes in it. B: You’re right. 5 A: Thanks for telling me. B: No problem. A．How large is it? B．Many visitors fish there. C．May I ask you some questions? D．It’s really beautiful and peaceful. E．When is the best time to travel there? F．It’s one of the five largest freshwater lakes in China. G．Many villagers near it mainly live by fishing in it. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．F 5．G 【导语】本文是一则对话，围绕巢湖展开，A向Simon询问关于巢湖的一些问题，Simon进行了相应解答。 1．根据答语“Of course. Go ahead!”，可知，此处是A请求询问问题，选项C“我可以问你一些问题吗？”符合语境，故选C。 2．前面Simon说去过巢湖两次，这里应该是对巢湖的评价，选项D“它真的很漂亮且宁静。”符合语境，故选D。 3．根据答语“It’s over 800 square kilometers. And it’s about 54.5 kilometers long from west to east.”可知，是询问巢湖的大小，选项A“它有多大？”符合语境，故选A。 4．根据问句“What’s it famous as?”，是问它作为什么而闻名，选项F “它是中国五大淡水湖之一。”是对巢湖闻名原因的回答，符合语境，故选F。 5．前面A说湖里一定有很多不同种类的鱼，选项G “它附近的许多村民主要靠在湖里捕鱼为生。”进一步说明了鱼和当地村民的关系，符合语境，故选G。 四、阅读理解。(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分) A The largest ocean — the Pacific Ocean Where: It stretches from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean in the south, and between Asia and Australia in the west, and the Americas in the east. How large: It covers more than 165 million square kilometers, which is larger than the total land area of the whole world. What it is like: It has the deepest trench on Earth — the Mariana Trench, which is about 11,000 meters deep. It is also home to thousands of kinds of sea animals and plants, many of which cannot be found in other oceans. The highest waterfall — the Angel Falls Where: It is in the rainforest of Venezuela, South America. How high: It drops 979 meters from the top to the bottom, with a single drop of 807 meters. It is about 19 times as high as the Niagara Falls. What it is like: The waterfall is hidden in the thick forest. Visitors usually need to take a plane or a boat to get a close look at its beauty. The water at the bottom turns into mist quickly because of the huge falling height. The largest island — Greenland Where: It lies between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, to the northeast of Canada. How large: It has an area of about 2.16 million square kilometers. What it is like: Most of the island is covered with a thick ice sheet (冰盖), which is up to 3 kilometers thick in some places. Only a small part of the island’s coast is fit for people to live in. The ice sheet is getting thinner year by year because of global warming. The longest river system — the Amazon River Where: It runs through South America, passing through nine countries including Brazil and Peru. How long: The main river is about 6,400 kilometers long, and the whole system has more than 1,000 tributaries (支流). What it is like: It carries more water than any other river in the world — more than the next seven largest rivers combined. Its basin (流域) is the world’s largest tropical rainforest, which is like “the lungs of the Earth” because it produces a large amount of oxygen. 1．How does the water change at the bottom of the Angel Falls? A．It freezes quickly. B．It turns into mist. C．It flows into a lake. D．It disappears underground. 2．Which of the following statements is a fact rather than an opinion? A．Greenland is the most beautiful island in the world. B．Angel Falls is hidden in a thick forest in South America. C．The Pacific Ocean is the most amazing ocean for travelers. D．The Amazon River System is the most important river system on Earth. 3．How does the author prove that the Amazon River System carries the most water? A．By comparison. B．By using simile. C．By using personification(拟人). D．By telling a story. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 【导语】本文介绍了四个世界之最：最大的海洋——太平洋，最高的瀑布——安赫尔瀑布，最大的岛屿——格陵兰岛和最长的河流系统——亚马逊河，并描述了它们的特点和现状。 1．细节理解题。根据安赫尔瀑布部分“The water at the bottom turns into mist quickly because of the huge falling height.”可知，瀑布底部的水变成了雾。故选B。 2．推理判断题。“Angel Falls is hidden in a thick forest in South America.”是一个客观事实陈述，而非主观评价。其他选项均包含“最美丽”、“最令人惊叹”、“最重要”等主观评价性词汇。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据亚马逊河部分“It carries more water than any other river in the world — more than the next seven largest rivers combined.”可知，作者通过比较来证明亚马逊河的水量最大。故选A。 B The Magic of the Coral Reef Coral reefs are one of the most amazing natural wonders on Earth. They are often called “the rainforests of the sea” because they are home to thousands of species of fish, plants and other creatures. Coral reefs cover less than 0.1% of the ocean floor, but they support more than 25% of all marine species. Coral reefs are not just rocks. They are made up of tiny living creatures called coral polyps. These polyps live in groups and secrete a hard substance that forms the structure of the reef. Coral reefs grow very slowly—only about 1 to 2 centimeters per year. Some coral reefs have been around for millions of years. However, coral reefs are in great danger now. Climate change is causing the ocean temperature to rise, which makes the coral turn white and die. Pollution from factories and farms is also harming the reefs. Plastic waste in the ocean can get stuck on the reefs and kill the polyps. In addition, overfishing is destroying the balance of the marine ecosystem. But there is hope. Many organizations and individuals are working hard to protect coral reefs. Scientists are researching ways to help coral reefs adapt to climate change. Volunteers are cleaning up plastic waste from the ocean. Governments are making laws to stop overfishing and pollution. We can also do our part to protect coral reefs. For example, we can reduce our carbon footprint by saving energy and using public transport. We can also avoid buying products that harm coral reefs, such as certain sunscreens. Every small action can help save these beautiful natural wonders. 4．What does the underlined word “secrete” mean in Chinese? A．吸收 B．分泌 C．消耗 D．储存 5．Which of the following is NOT a threat to coral reefs? A．Rising ocean temperatures. B．Plastic pollution. C．Overfishing. D．Marine protected areas. 6．What can we infer from the passage? A．Coral reefs grow very quickly. B．Only scientists can protect coral reefs. C．If we take action, coral reefs can be saved. D．Coral reefs are not important for the marine ecosystem. 7．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Coral reefs are home to many marine species. B．Coral reefs are in danger and need protection. C．How coral reefs are formed. D．Why coral reefs are important. 【答案】4．B 5．D 6．C 7．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了珊瑚礁的特点、面临的威胁以及人类保护珊瑚礁的努力。 4．词句猜测题。根据第二段“These polyps live in groups and secrete a hard substance that forms the structure of the reef.”可知，这里指珊瑚虫“分泌”一种坚硬物质形成珊瑚礁结构，因此secrete意为“分泌”。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据第三段提到的威胁包括气候变暖、污染、塑料垃圾和过度捕捞，而marine protected areas（海洋保护区）是保护措施，不是威胁。故选D。 6．推理判断题。根据第四段和第五段介绍人们采取各种措施保护珊瑚礁，以及“Every small action can help save these beautiful natural wonders.”可推知，只要采取行动，珊瑚礁仍有希望被保护。故选C。 7．主旨大意题。文章先介绍珊瑚礁，再重点说明其面临危险以及保护方法，因此主旨是珊瑚礁处于危险之中，需要保护。故选B。 C Roald Amundsen was the first explorer to reach the South Pole (南极). Born on July 16, 1872 in Norway, Roald grew up with his three older brothers. His father, a businessman in the shipping industry, died when he was just 14. Roald had dreamed of becoming an explorer, but his mother wanted him to become a doctor. He followed his mother’s wish until she died when he was 21. Then Roald left school to go after his dream of exploring. His adventure (冒险) on a Belgian research ship in 1896 was his first real polar exploration. When the ship got stuck in ice, the people on board were forced to spend the winter in terrible conditions. But Roald used his skills to find fresh food, and showed himself to be an able explorer. This was perhaps one of the most important experiences that would lead to him becoming an Arctic (北极的) explorer. Roald had planned to be the first man to reach and explore the North Pole. However, hearing that Robert Peary had already reached there, Roald changed the plan and decided to go to the South Pole. In January, 1911, Roald’s ship arrived at the Bay of Whales in Antarctica. His team set up camp there and prepared for the trip to the South Pole. The team set out to reach the South Pole months later. At first, they traveled quickly, but soon they had to pass over mountains and avoid dangerous places. Finally, after nearly two months of hard traveling, on December 14, 1911, they reached the South Pole. The exploration took 99 days and the team traveled over 1,800 miles to the pole and back. 8．What can we know about Roald from Paragraph 2? A．He enjoyed his life in the Arctic very much. B．He was better at scientific research than others. C．He had already learned some skills to explore. D．He realized his dream of exploring the North Pole in 1896. 9．Which picture shows the change of the speed on their way to the South Pole? A． B． C． D． 10．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Some members lost their lives during the trip. B．Roald was the first man to explore the North Pole. C．Roald’s ship arrived at the South Pole in January, 1911. D．They stayed at the Bay of Whales for months before setting out. 【答案】8．C 9．A 10．D 【导语】本文讲述了首位抵达南极的探险家罗尔德・阿蒙森的生平与探险经历。 8．细节理解题。根据“But Roald used his skills to find fresh food, and showed himself to be an able explorer”可知，在船只被困冰中、环境恶劣的情况下，罗尔德“运用自己的技能寻找新鲜食物”，这表明他当时已掌握一些探险所需的技能。故选C。 9．细节理解题。根据“At first, they traveled quickly, but soon they had to pass over mountains and avoid dangerous places”可知，罗尔德的队伍前往南极时，“起初行进速度很快，但不久后因需要翻越山脉、避开危险区域，速度必然变慢”，因此速度变化是“先快后慢”。故选A。 10．细节理解题。根据“In January, 1911, Roald’s ship arrived at the Bay of Whales in Antarctica. His team set up camp there and prepared for the trip to the South Pole. The team set out to reach the South Pole months later”可知，他们1911年1月抵达“鲸湾”，“数月后（months later）”才出发前往南极，即他们在鲸湾停留了数月才启程。故选D。 五、单词拼写。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 1. It’s difficult for a person to walk out of the large ________ (沙漠) alone. 【答案】desert 【详解】句意：一个人独自走出大沙漠是很困难的。根据“the large”提示，此处应填可数名词单数形式作宾语。“沙漠”为名词desert。 2. The water ________ (水平) of the lake rises every spring when it rains a lot. 【答案】level 【详解】句意：每年春天雨水多的时候，湖面水位都会上涨。空处应填“水平”的英文表达，“水平”即“水位”，对应的英文是level为可数名词，此处应填单数形式。故填level。 3. The wind blows over the ________ (表面) of the sea. 【答案】surface 【详解】句意：风吹过海面。surface“表面”，the surface of...“……的表面”，故填surface。 4. You can find the answer at the ________ (底部) of Page 58. 【答案】bottom 【详解】句意：你可以在第58页的底部找到答案。bottom“底部”，at the bottom of“在……的底部”。故填bottom。 5. Without a spacesuit, humans cannot ________ (生存) in space because there is no air to breathe. 【答案】survive 【详解】句意：没有太空服，人类就无法在太空中生存，因为那里没有空气可以呼吸。“生存”survive，动词，cannot后跟动词原形。故填survive。 6. If you stand on my ________ (肩膀), you will be able to see over the wall. 【答案】shoulders 【详解】句意：如果你站在我的肩膀上，你就能越过墙看到外面。根据“stand on my...”以及汉语提示可知，此处指站在肩膀上，shoulder“肩膀”，通常人有两个肩膀，因此用复数形式。故填shoulders。 7. Protecting the ________ (自然的) environment is very important. 【答案】natural 【详解】句意：保护自然环境非常重要。根据中文提示“自然的”，需填入对应的英文形容词natural，修饰名词environment。故填natural。 8. The activities ________ (包含) a lot of interesting games. 【答案】include 【详解】句意：这些活动包含很多有趣的游戏。根据句子结构可知，横线处缺谓语动词，且句子描述的是一般事实，用一般现在时，主语“The activities”是复数，谓语动词用原形。包含“include”，动词。故填include。 9. The boys wants to use the ________ (沙子) to build a castle (城堡). 【答案】sand 【详解】句意：男孩们想用沙子建一座城堡。根据汉语提示可知，此处应用sand“沙子”，名词作宾语。故填sand。 10. Although he is seventy, he is still ________ (有活力的). 【答案】alive 【详解】句意：他虽然七十岁了，但还是很有活力。alive“有活力的”，形容词作表语。故填alive。 六、完成句子。(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 1．这个国家公园占地面积达数平方千米。 The national park spans several _______ _______. 【答案】 square kilometers 【详解】原句中“平方千米”是关键词，表示“平方千米”的短语是square kilometers。several后接可数名词复数，kilometer需变复数kilometers。故填square；kilometers。 2．我看到黄山时，我对它的美景感到惊奇。 I ________ ________ the beauty of Mount Huang when I saw it. 【答案】 wondered at 【详解】第一、二空：原句中“对……感到惊奇”是关键词，在英文中可用动词短语wonder at，描述过去的事情用一般过去时，故填wondered at。 3．位于俄罗斯西伯利亚的贝加尔湖是世界上最著名的湖泊之一。 ________ ________ Siberia, Russia, Lake Baikal is one of the world’s most famous lakes. 【答案】 Located in 【详解】原句中“位于”是关键信息，表示“位于”的英文短语是located in。本句为陈述句，位于句首首字母大写。故填Located；in。 4．攀登者必须应对稀薄的空气、高耸的悬崖和多变的天气。 Climbers must ________ ________ thin air, high cliffs, and changeable weather. 【答案】 deal with 【详解】原句中“应对”和“和”是关键词。deal with意为“处理；应对”，情态动词must后面必须接动词原形。 5．它流经的距离最远，大约6300公里长。 It travels the ________ and is about 6,300 kilometres ________. 【答案】 farthest long 【详解】原句中“最远”和“长”是关键词，“最远”对应英文farthest，“长”在描述长度时用long。①②处：“流经的距离最远”，需用副词最高级farthest修饰动词travels；③处：“大约 6300公里长”，在“基数词+单位词+long”结构中表示长度。故填farthest；long。 七、用所给词适当形式填空。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 1. It’s really an ________ (usual) but happy Spring Festival for me in the UK. I feel like I’m back home. 【答案】unusual 【详解】句意：在英国度过的这个春节对我来说真是一个不同寻常但开心的春节，我感觉像回到了家。空前有不定冠词an，需用元音音素开头的形容词，but表示转折，说明空处应填和happy感情色彩相反的词，usual的反义词unusual意为“不同寻常的”，符合语境。 2. With the ________ (develop) of technology, computers become smaller. 【答案】development 【详解】句意：随着科技的发展，电脑变得更小了。句子里的the是定冠词，后面需要接名词；develop是动词，对应的名词形式是development。 3. The nearest supermarket is ________ (mile) away, so we need to drive there. 【答案】miles 【详解】句意：最近的超市在几英里之外，所以我们需要开车去那里。此处表示距离，“mile”为可数名词，这里应用复数形式“miles” ，且此处用“miles away”表示“几英里远”。故填miles。 4. The ________ (north) part of China is famous for its beautiful snow scenery in winter. 【答案】northern 【详解】句意：中国的北部以冬季美丽的雪景而闻名。根据句子结构可知，空格处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词part，north的形容词形式是northern，意思是“北方的” 。故填northern。 5. Her mood is so ________ (change); one minute she’s happy, the next she’s sad. 【答案】changeable 【详解】句意：她的情绪如此多变，上一分钟还很开心，下一分钟就难过了。change意为“改变”，动词。根据“Her mood is so ... one minute she’s happy, the next she’s sad.”可知，此处需要一个形容词来描述情绪多变的特点，change的形容词形式为changeable“多变的”。故填changeable。 6. Every ________ (travel) to Beijing should visit the Summer Palace to see its beautiful gardens and lakes. 【答案】traveler 【详解】句意：每个到北京的旅行者都应该游览颐和园，欣赏它美丽的园林与湖泊。根据空格前“Every”后需接名词，表示每个……的人，travel的名词形式traveler，旅行者，符合语境。故填traveler。 7. He risked ________ (lose) his job by speaking out against the unfair policy. 【答案】losing 【详解】句意：他冒着丢掉工作的危险公开反对不公平的政策。lose“失去”，risk doing something“冒着做某事的危险”，故填losing。 8. The teacher ________ (wonder) why Jane was late again. 【答案】wondered 【详解】句意：老师想知道为什么简又迟到了。wonder“想知道”，根据宾语从句的谓语“was”是一般过去时可知，此处主句的谓语用一般过去时，故填wondered。 9. The little cat showed great ________ (curious) when it saw the toy mouse. 【答案】curiosity 【详解】句意：当这只小猫看到玩具老鼠时，它表现出了极大的好奇心。curious“好奇的”，great“极大的”为形容词，修饰名词，因此要填名词形式“curiosity”。故填curiosity。 10. With great help of many people, the fire was under control ________ (success) in the end. 【答案】successfully 【详解】句意：在许多人的大力帮助下，最后火势成功地得到了控制。success “成功”，名词，此处修饰谓语动词，用其副词形式successfully “成功地”。故填successfully。 八、书面表达。(共15分) 中国幅员辽阔，自然风光美不胜收。作为五岳之一的黄山，其景区正在征集更多英文宣传稿，让更多人爱上这一宝藏景观。请根据所给提示，为它写一篇80词左右的英语简介。 提示： (1) 位置：中国安徽省南部； (2) 景观描述： ①以迎客松、怪石、云海、温泉 (hot springs) 闻名； ②有许多珍稀 (rare) 植物和动物； ③四季风景不同：春季山花遍野，夏季清凉多雨，秋季红叶满山，冬季雪景迷。 (3) 评价： ①世界文化与自然双重遗产 (Heritage)； ②每年数百万 (millions of) 游客登顶赏景。 Mount Huangshan ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： Mount Huangshan Mount Huangshan lies in southern Anhui Province, China. As one of the Five Great Mountains, it’s famous for four wonders—the Guest-Greeting Pine, strange rocks, the Sea of Clouds, and hot springs. Also, there are many rare plants and animals living here. The scenery changes with seasons. The mountain is full of flowers in spring, and it’s cool and rainy in summer. In autumn, the red leaves appear, and the snow dresses it in winter. As a World Cultural and Natural Heritage, millions of travellers climb its peaks to enjoy the treasure every year! 【详解】 [总体分析] ①题材：材料作文； ②时态：一般现在时； ③提示：要包含其位置、景观描述、评价等内容，词数80词左右。 [写作步骤] 第一步：介绍黄山的地理位置及“五岳之一”的身份； 第二步：描述黄山的景观（四绝、珍稀动植物、四季不同风光）； 第三步：说明黄山的世界遗产地位及每年的游客量。 [亮点词汇] ①lie in位于 ②famous著名的 ③rare稀有的 ④scenery风景 ⑤Heritage遗产 [高分句型] ①As one of the Five Great Mountains, it's famous for four wonders—the Guest-Greeting Pine, strange rocks, the Sea of Clouds, and hot springs.（用“as”引导的短语点明黄山的地位，“be famous for”清晰引出其特色，句式丰富且信息明确） ②As a World Cultural and Natural Heritage, millions of travellers climb its peaks to enjoy the treasure every year!（用“as”引导的短语说明黄山的遗产身份，“to”引导目的状语体现游客的行为，逻辑连贯且突出黄山的吸引力） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测 Unit4·基础卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 一、单项选择。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 1．— ________ is it from here to our school? — It is five kilometers from here to our school. A．How much B．How far C．How many D．How long 2．— Alice, you shouldn’t buy things ________ because they are cheap. — Sorry, I won’t. A．highly B．simply C．wisely D．clearly 3．—Thanks to the efforts of our government, our living ________ are better and better. —Yes. We are so lucky to live in a peaceful and happy country. A．solutions B．education C．conditions D．relation 4．Red squirrels depend on their thicker winter fur and food hidden in autumn to ________. A．stay B．serve C．survive D．search 5．Playing on the street may put you ________ of being hit by a car. A．in wonder B．in silence C．at risk D．at first 6．—Which river is ________, the Changjiang River or the Yellow River? —The Changjiang River. It is ________ river in the world. A．long; the third longer B．longer; the three longer C．longer; the third longest D．longest; the third longest 7．The river near our village is ________. It is dangerous to swim in it. A．20 metres’ deep B．20-metre-deep C．20 metres deep D．20-metres-deep 8．I’ll tell you ________ you promise not to tell others about it. A．although B．only if C．when D．because 9．—Hobo, can you read the number 620,091 in English? —It is ________. A．six hundred twenty thousand ninety-one B．six hundred and twenty thousand and ninety-one C．six hundred twenty thousand and ninety-one D．six hundred and twenty thousand ninety-one 10．The man ________ ten years ago, but his ________ still makes people in his country sad now. A．dead; dead B．died; dead C．died; death D．dead; death 二、完形填空。(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。 A China is a great country with more than 5,000 years of history. There are many 1 in China. They attract millions of tourists from all over the world every year. Many mountains, such as Mount Taishan, Mount Emeishan and Mount Huashan, are very famous. People like going to Mount Taishan to watch the sunrise. There are many rivers in China. The Yangtze River is the longest one and the second 2 one is the Yellow River. They helped the 3 of Chinese civilization. 4 the rivers in China, there are also a great number of lakes. One of the most famous lakes is the West Lake. Have you heard of the story about Xu Xian and White Snake? It is said that the story 5 on the West Lake. The West Lake is the best place that I have ever visited. It lies in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. The scenery is so attractive that visitors often lose 6 in it. The West Lake has become famous 7 not only its special scenery but some beautiful poems. The great poets Bai Juyi and Su Dongpo 8 plenty of poems. 9 the surrounding (周围的) area of the West Lake is the home of the famous Longjing Tea. The tea is good for people’s health. Have you ever been to the West Lake? If not, look for a 0 to go to the fantastic place! 1．A．means B．wonders C．researches D．objects 2．A．farthest B．highest C．longest D．widest 3．A．agreement B．achievement C．measurement D．development 4．A．Thanks to B．Welcome to C．Compared to D．Next to 5．A．remained B．planted C．returned D．happened 6．A．myself B．ourselves C．themselves D．himself 7．A．for B．as C．with D．in 8．A．threw B．wrote C．made D．divered 9．A．So B．But C．And D．Or 10．A．check B．bottom C．level D．chance B Lei Diansheng, a famous Chinese explorer and environmental protector, is known as “the modern Xu Xiake”. He once 1 his deep love for nature and his worry about its destruction (破坏). Before his 10-year journey across China, he spent ten years preparing his body and mind. He was very 2 with his training plan, doing long runs and studying survival skills every single day without fail. Yet, he still thought relaxation was 3 . He believed being relaxed could help him reduce 4 during difficult times. From 1998 to 2008, Lei walked about 81,000 kilometres by himself. He wore out 52 pairs of shoes and faced many dangers. 5 , he never gave up. In 2008, he 6 to walk through the Lop Nur Desert—a single journey that made him the first person to cross it by himself. Besides phones, he didn’t even use any modern equipment (设备) 7 his trips. Lei didn’t walk for fun. In the past, he visited all 56 ethnic groups (少数民族) in China and kept detailed records of cultures and nature. Now, he works as a(n) 8 at student hiking camps. There, he teaches children to learn about different plants and 9 local cultures while encouraging them to relax and protect nature. Lei’s story shows that true exploration means not only going 10 but also protecting the beautiful land. 1．A．expressed B．invited C．shot D．swam 2．A．angry B．bored C．strict D．bad 3．A．homeless B．useless C．scary D．important 4．A．happiness B．stress C．cost D．joy 5．A．Also B．So C．However D．but 6．A．disagreed B．managed C．failed D．refused 7．A．during B．onto C．with D．without 8．A．guest B．programmer C．instructor D．worker 9．A．imagine B．hate C．forget D．understand 10．A．far B．little C．below D．inside 三、补全对话。(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 阅读下面对话，从7个选项中选择5个恰当的句子完成此对话。 A: Hello, Simon! 1 B: Of course. Go ahead! A: Have you ever been to the Chaohu Lake? B: Yes. I have been there twice. 2 A: 3 B: It’s over 800 square kilometers. And it’s about 54.5 kilometers long from west to east. A: What’s it famous as? B: 4 A: There must be many different kinds of fishes in it. B: You’re right. 5 A: Thanks for telling me. B: No problem. A．How large is it? B．Many visitors fish there. C．May I ask you some questions? D．It’s really beautiful and peaceful. E．When is the best time to travel there? F．It’s one of the five largest freshwater lakes in China. G．Many villagers near it mainly live by fishing in it. 四、阅读理解。(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分) A The largest ocean — the Pacific Ocean Where: It stretches from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean in the south, and between Asia and Australia in the west, and the Americas in the east. How large: It covers more than 165 million square kilometers, which is larger than the total land area of the whole world. What it is like: It has the deepest trench on Earth — the Mariana Trench, which is about 11,000 meters deep. It is also home to thousands of kinds of sea animals and plants, many of which cannot be found in other oceans. The highest waterfall — the Angel Falls Where: It is in the rainforest of Venezuela, South America. How high: It drops 979 meters from the top to the bottom, with a single drop of 807 meters. It is about 19 times as high as the Niagara Falls. What it is like: The waterfall is hidden in the thick forest. Visitors usually need to take a plane or a boat to get a close look at its beauty. The water at the bottom turns into mist quickly because of the huge falling height. The largest island — Greenland Where: It lies between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, to the northeast of Canada. How large: It has an area of about 2.16 million square kilometers. What it is like: Most of the island is covered with a thick ice sheet (冰盖), which is up to 3 kilometers thick in some places. Only a small part of the island’s coast is fit for people to live in. The ice sheet is getting thinner year by year because of global warming. The longest river system — the Amazon River Where: It runs through South America, passing through nine countries including Brazil and Peru. How long: The main river is about 6,400 kilometers long, and the whole system has more than 1,000 tributaries (支流). What it is like: It carries more water than any other river in the world — more than the next seven largest rivers combined. Its basin (流域) is the world’s largest tropical rainforest, which is like “the lungs of the Earth” because it produces a large amount of oxygen. 1．How does the water change at the bottom of the Angel Falls? A．It freezes quickly. B．It turns into mist. C．It flows into a lake. D．It disappears underground. 2．Which of the following statements is a fact rather than an opinion? A．Greenland is the most beautiful island in the world. B．Angel Falls is hidden in a thick forest in South America. C．The Pacific Ocean is the most amazing ocean for travelers. D．The Amazon River System is the most important river system on Earth. 3．How does the author prove that the Amazon River System carries the most water? A．By comparison. B．By using simile. C．By using personification(拟人). D．By telling a story. B The Magic of the Coral Reef Coral reefs are one of the most amazing natural wonders on Earth. They are often called “the rainforests of the sea” because they are home to thousands of species of fish, plants and other creatures. Coral reefs cover less than 0.1% of the ocean floor, but they support more than 25% of all marine species. Coral reefs are not just rocks. They are made up of tiny living creatures called coral polyps. These polyps live in groups and secrete a hard substance that forms the structure of the reef. Coral reefs grow very slowly—only about 1 to 2 centimeters per year. Some coral reefs have been around for millions of years. However, coral reefs are in great danger now. Climate change is causing the ocean temperature to rise, which makes the coral turn white and die. Pollution from factories and farms is also harming the reefs. Plastic waste in the ocean can get stuck on the reefs and kill the polyps. In addition, overfishing is destroying the balance of the marine ecosystem. But there is hope. Many organizations and individuals are working hard to protect coral reefs. Scientists are researching ways to help coral reefs adapt to climate change. Volunteers are cleaning up plastic waste from the ocean. Governments are making laws to stop overfishing and pollution. We can also do our part to protect coral reefs. For example, we can reduce our carbon footprint by saving energy and using public transport. We can also avoid buying products that harm coral reefs, such as certain sunscreens. Every small action can help save these beautiful natural wonders. 4．What does the underlined word “secrete” mean in Chinese? A．吸收 B．分泌 C．消耗 D．储存 5．Which of the following is NOT a threat to coral reefs? A．Rising ocean temperatures. B．Plastic pollution. C．Overfishing. D．Marine protected areas. 6．What can we infer from the passage? A．Coral reefs grow very quickly. B．Only scientists can protect coral reefs. C．If we take action, coral reefs can be saved. D．Coral reefs are not important for the marine ecosystem. 7．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Coral reefs are home to many marine species. B．Coral reefs are in danger and need protection. C．How coral reefs are formed. D．Why coral reefs are important. C Roald Amundsen was the first explorer to reach the South Pole (南极). Born on July 16, 1872 in Norway, Roald grew up with his three older brothers. His father, a businessman in the shipping industry, died when he was just 14. Roald had dreamed of becoming an explorer, but his mother wanted him to become a doctor. He followed his mother’s wish until she died when he was 21. Then Roald left school to go after his dream of exploring. His adventure (冒险) on a Belgian research ship in 1896 was his first real polar exploration. When the ship got stuck in ice, the people on board were forced to spend the winter in terrible conditions. But Roald used his skills to find fresh food, and showed himself to be an able explorer. This was perhaps one of the most important experiences that would lead to him becoming an Arctic (北极的) explorer. Roald had planned to be the first man to reach and explore the North Pole. However, hearing that Robert Peary had already reached there, Roald changed the plan and decided to go to the South Pole. In January, 1911, Roald’s ship arrived at the Bay of Whales in Antarctica. His team set up camp there and prepared for the trip to the South Pole. The team set out to reach the South Pole months later. At first, they traveled quickly, but soon they had to pass over mountains and avoid dangerous places. Finally, after nearly two months of hard traveling, on December 14, 1911, they reached the South Pole. The exploration took 99 days and the team traveled over 1,800 miles to the pole and back. 8．What can we know about Roald from Paragraph 2? A．He enjoyed his life in the Arctic very much. B．He was better at scientific research than others. C．He had already learned some skills to explore. D．He realized his dream of exploring the North Pole in 1896. 9．Which picture shows the change of the speed on their way to the South Pole? A． B． C． D． 10．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Some members lost their lives during the trip. B．Roald was the first man to explore the North Pole. C．Roald’s ship arrived at the South Pole in January, 1911. D．They stayed at the Bay of Whales for months before setting out. 五、单词拼写。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 1. It’s difficult for a person to walk out of the large ________ (沙漠) alone. 2. The water ________ (水平) of the lake rises every spring when it rains a lot. 3. The wind blows over the ________ (表面) of the sea. 4. You can find the answer at the ________ (底部) of Page 58. 5. Without a spacesuit, humans cannot ________ (生存) in space because there is no air to breathe. 6. If you stand on my ________ (肩膀), you will be able to see over the wall. 7. Protecting the ________ (自然的) environment is very important. 8. The activities ________ (包含) a lot of interesting games. 9. The boys wants to use the ________ (沙子) to build a castle (城堡). 10. Although he is seventy, he is still ________ (有活力的). 六、完成句子。(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 1．这个国家公园占地面积达数平方千米。 The national park spans several _______ _______. 2．我看到黄山时，我对它的美景感到惊奇。 I ________ ________ the beauty of Mount Huang when I saw it. 3．位于俄罗斯西伯利亚的贝加尔湖是世界上最著名的湖泊之一。 ________ ________ Siberia, Russia, Lake Baikal is one of the world’s most famous lakes. 4．攀登者必须应对稀薄的空气、高耸的悬崖和多变的天气。 Climbers must ________ ________ thin air, high cliffs, and changeable weather. 5．它流经的距离最远，大约6300公里长。 It travels the ________ and is about 6,300 kilometres ________. 七、用所给词适当形式填空。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 1. It’s really an ________ (usual) but happy Spring Festival for me in the UK. I feel like I’m back home. 2. With the ________ (develop) of technology, computers become smaller. 3. The nearest supermarket is ________ (mile) away, so we need to drive there. 4. The ________ (north) part of China is famous for its beautiful snow scenery in winter. 5. Her mood is so ________ (change); one minute she’s happy, the next she’s sad. 6. Every ________ (travel) to Beijing should visit the Summer Palace to see its beautiful gardens and lakes. 7. He risked ________ (lose) his job by speaking out against the unfair policy. 8. The teacher ________ (wonder) why Jane was late again. 9. The little cat showed great ________ (curious) when it saw the toy mouse. 10. With great help of many people, the fire was under control ________ (success) in the end. 八、书面表达。(共15分) 中国幅员辽阔，自然风光美不胜收。作为五岳之一的黄山，其景区正在征集更多英文宣传稿，让更多人爱上这一宝藏景观。请根据所给提示，为它写一篇80词左右的英语简介。 提示： (1) 位置：中国安徽省南部； (2) 景观描述： ①以迎客松、怪石、云海、温泉 (hot springs) 闻名； ②有许多珍稀 (rare) 植物和动物； ③四季风景不同：春季山花遍野，夏季清凉多雨，秋季红叶满山，冬季雪景迷。 (3) 评价： ①世界文化与自然双重遗产 (Heritage)； ②每年数百万 (millions of) 游客登顶赏景。 Mount Huangshan ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级上册英语单元自测 Unit4·基础卷（参考答案） 一、单项选择 1．B 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．C 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．C 二、完形填空 A: 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．D 5．D 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．D B: 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．A 三、补全对话 1．C 2．D 3．A 4．F 5．G 四、阅读理解 A: 1．B 2．B 3．A B: 4．B 5．D 6．C 7．B C: 8．C 9．A 10．D 五、单词拼写 1．desert 2．level 3．surface 4．bottom 5．survive 6．shoulders 7．natural 8．include 9．sand 10．alive 六、完成句子 1．square kilometers 2．wondered at 3．Located in 4．deal with 5．farthest long 七、用所给词适当形式填空 1．unusual 2．development 3．miles 4．northern 5．changeable 6．traveler 7．losing 8．wondered 9．curiosity 10．successfully 八、书面表达 例文： Mount Huangshan Mount Huangshan lies in southern Anhui Province, China. As one of the Five Great Mountains, it’s famous for four wonders—the Guest-Greeting Pine, strange rocks, the Sea of Clouds, and hot springs. Also, there are many rare plants and animals living here. The scenery changes with seasons. The mountain is full of flowers in spring, and it’s cool and rainy in summer. In autumn, the red leaves appear, and the snow dresses it in winter. As a World Cultural and Natural Heritage, millions of travellers climb its peaks to enjoy the treasure every year! 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测 Unit4·基础卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 一、单项选择。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 1．— ________ is it from here to our school? — It is five kilometers from here to our school. A．How much B．How far C．How many D．How long 2．— Alice, you shouldn’t buy things ________ because they are cheap. — Sorry, I won’t. A．highly B．simply C．wisely D．clearly 3．—Thanks to the efforts of our government, our living ________ are better and better. —Yes. We are so lucky to live in a peaceful and happy country. A．solutions B．education C．conditions D．relation 4．Red squirrels depend on their thicker winter fur and food hidden in autumn to ________. A．stay B．serve C．survive D．search 5．Playing on the street may put you ________ of being hit by a car. A．in wonder B．in silence C．at risk D．at first 6．—Which river is ________, the Changjiang River or the Yellow River? —The Changjiang River. It is ________ river in the world. A．long; the third longer B．longer; the three longer C．longer; the third longest D．longest; the third longest 7．The river near our village is ________. It is dangerous to swim in it. A．20 metres’ deep B．20-metre-deep C．20 metres deep D．20-metres-deep 8．I’ll tell you ________ you promise not to tell others about it. A．although B．only if C．when D．because 9．—Hobo, can you read the number 620,091 in English? —It is ________. A．six hundred twenty thousand ninety-one B．six hundred and twenty thousand and ninety-one C．six hundred twenty thousand and ninety-one D．six hundred and twenty thousand ninety-one 10．The man ________ ten years ago, but his ________ still makes people in his country sad now. A．dead; dead B．died; dead C．died; death D．dead; death 二、完形填空。(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。 A China is a great country with more than 5,000 years of history. There are many 1 in China. They attract millions of tourists from all over the world every year. Many mountains, such as Mount Taishan, Mount Emeishan and Mount Huashan, are very famous. People like going to Mount Taishan to watch the sunrise. There are many rivers in China. The Yangtze River is the longest one and the second 2 one is the Yellow River. They helped the 3 of Chinese civilization. 4 the rivers in China, there are also a great number of lakes. One of the most famous lakes is the West Lake. Have you heard of the story about Xu Xian and White Snake? It is said that the story 5 on the West Lake. The West Lake is the best place that I have ever visited. It lies in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. The scenery is so attractive that visitors often lose 6 in it. The West Lake has become famous 7 not only its special scenery but some beautiful poems. The great poets Bai Juyi and Su Dongpo 8 plenty of poems. 9 the surrounding (周围的) area of the West Lake is the home of the famous Longjing Tea. The tea is good for people’s health. Have you ever been to the West Lake? If not, look for a 0 to go to the fantastic place! 1．A．means B．wonders C．researches D．objects 2．A．farthest B．highest C．longest D．widest 3．A．agreement B．achievement C．measurement D．development 4．A．Thanks to B．Welcome to C．Compared to D．Next to 5．A．remained B．planted C．returned D．happened 6．A．myself B．ourselves C．themselves D．himself 7．A．for B．as C．with D．in 8．A．threw B．wrote C．made D．divered 9．A．So B．But C．And D．Or 10．A．check B．bottom C．level D．chance B Lei Diansheng, a famous Chinese explorer and environmental protector, is known as “the modern Xu Xiake”. He once 1 his deep love for nature and his worry about its destruction (破坏). Before his 10-year journey across China, he spent ten years preparing his body and mind. He was very 2 with his training plan, doing long runs and studying survival skills every single day without fail. Yet, he still thought relaxation was 3 . He believed being relaxed could help him reduce 4 during difficult times. From 1998 to 2008, Lei walked about 81,000 kilometres by himself. He wore out 52 pairs of shoes and faced many dangers. 5 , he never gave up. In 2008, he 6 to walk through the Lop Nur Desert—a single journey that made him the first person to cross it by himself. Besides phones, he didn’t even use any modern equipment (设备) 7 his trips. Lei didn’t walk for fun. In the past, he visited all 56 ethnic groups (少数民族) in China and kept detailed records of cultures and nature. Now, he works as a(n) 8 at student hiking camps. There, he teaches children to learn about different plants and 9 local cultures while encouraging them to relax and protect nature. Lei’s story shows that true exploration means not only going 10 but also protecting the beautiful land. 1．A．expressed B．invited C．shot D．swam 2．A．angry B．bored C．strict D．bad 3．A．homeless B．useless C．scary D．important 4．A．happiness B．stress C．cost D．joy 5．A．Also B．So C．However D．but 6．A．disagreed B．managed C．failed D．refused 7．A．during B．onto C．with D．without 8．A．guest B．programmer C．instructor D．worker 9．A．imagine B．hate C．forget D．understand 10．A．far B．little C．below D．inside 三、补全对话。(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 阅读下面对话，从7个选项中选择5个恰当的句子完成此对话。 A: Hello, Simon! 1 B: Of course. Go ahead! A: Have you ever been to the Chaohu Lake? B: Yes. I have been there twice. 2 A: 3 B: It’s over 800 square kilometers. And it’s about 54.5 kilometers long from west to east. A: What’s it famous as? B: 4 A: There must be many different kinds of fishes in it. B: You’re right. 5 A: Thanks for telling me. B: No problem. A．How large is it? B．Many visitors fish there. C．May I ask you some questions? D．It’s really beautiful and peaceful. E．When is the best time to travel there? F．It’s one of the five largest freshwater lakes in China. G．Many villagers near it mainly live by fishing in it. 四、阅读理解。(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分) A The largest ocean — the Pacific Ocean Where: It stretches from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean in the south, and between Asia and Australia in the west, and the Americas in the east. How large: It covers more than 165 million square kilometers, which is larger than the total land area of the whole world. What it is like: It has the deepest trench on Earth — the Mariana Trench, which is about 11,000 meters deep. It is also home to thousands of kinds of sea animals and plants, many of which cannot be found in other oceans. The highest waterfall — the Angel Falls Where: It is in the rainforest of Venezuela, South America. How high: It drops 979 meters from the top to the bottom, with a single drop of 807 meters. It is about 19 times as high as the Niagara Falls. What it is like: The waterfall is hidden in the thick forest. Visitors usually need to take a plane or a boat to get a close look at its beauty. The water at the bottom turns into mist quickly because of the huge falling height. The largest island — Greenland Where: It lies between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, to the northeast of Canada. How large: It has an area of about 2.16 million square kilometers. What it is like: Most of the island is covered with a thick ice sheet (冰盖), which is up to 3 kilometers thick in some places. Only a small part of the island’s coast is fit for people to live in. The ice sheet is getting thinner year by year because of global warming. The longest river system — the Amazon River Where: It runs through South America, passing through nine countries including Brazil and Peru. How long: The main river is about 6,400 kilometers long, and the whole system has more than 1,000 tributaries (支流). What it is like: It carries more water than any other river in the world — more than the next seven largest rivers combined. Its basin (流域) is the world’s largest tropical rainforest, which is like “the lungs of the Earth” because it produces a large amount of oxygen. 1．How does the water change at the bottom of the Angel Falls? A．It freezes quickly. B．It turns into mist. C．It flows into a lake. D．It disappears underground. 2．Which of the following statements is a fact rather than an opinion? A．Greenland is the most beautiful island in the world. B．Angel Falls is hidden in a thick forest in South America. C．The Pacific Ocean is the most amazing ocean for travelers. D．The Amazon River System is the most important river system on Earth. 3．How does the author prove that the Amazon River System carries the most water? A．By comparison. B．By using simile. C．By using personification(拟人). D．By telling a story. B The Magic of the Coral Reef Coral reefs are one of the most amazing natural wonders on Earth. They are often called “the rainforests of the sea” because they are home to thousands of species of fish, plants and other creatures. Coral reefs cover less than 0.1% of the ocean floor, but they support more than 25% of all marine species. Coral reefs are not just rocks. They are made up of tiny living creatures called coral polyps. These polyps live in groups and secrete a hard substance that forms the structure of the reef. Coral reefs grow very slowly—only about 1 to 2 centimeters per year. Some coral reefs have been around for millions of years. However, coral reefs are in great danger now. Climate change is causing the ocean temperature to rise, which makes the coral turn white and die. Pollution from factories and farms is also harming the reefs. Plastic waste in the ocean can get stuck on the reefs and kill the polyps. In addition, overfishing is destroying the balance of the marine ecosystem. But there is hope. Many organizations and individuals are working hard to protect coral reefs. Scientists are researching ways to help coral reefs adapt to climate change. Volunteers are cleaning up plastic waste from the ocean. Governments are making laws to stop overfishing and pollution. We can also do our part to protect coral reefs. For example, we can reduce our carbon footprint by saving energy and using public transport. We can also avoid buying products that harm coral reefs, such as certain sunscreens. Every small action can help save these beautiful natural wonders. 4．What does the underlined word “secrete” mean in Chinese? A．吸收 B．分泌 C．消耗 D．储存 5．Which of the following is NOT a threat to coral reefs? A．Rising ocean temperatures. B．Plastic pollution. C．Overfishing. D．Marine protected areas. 6．What can we infer from the passage? A．Coral reefs grow very quickly. B．Only scientists can protect coral reefs. C．If we take action, coral reefs can be saved. D．Coral reefs are not important for the marine ecosystem. 7．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Coral reefs are home to many marine species. B．Coral reefs are in danger and need protection. C．How coral reefs are formed. D．Why coral reefs are important. C Roald Amundsen was the first explorer to reach the South Pole (南极). Born on July 16, 1872 in Norway, Roald grew up with his three older brothers. His father, a businessman in the shipping industry, died when he was just 14. Roald had dreamed of becoming an explorer, but his mother wanted him to become a doctor. He followed his mother’s wish until she died when he was 21. Then Roald left school to go after his dream of exploring. His adventure (冒险) on a Belgian research ship in 1896 was his first real polar exploration. When the ship got stuck in ice, the people on board were forced to spend the winter in terrible conditions. But Roald used his skills to find fresh food, and showed himself to be an able explorer. This was perhaps one of the most important experiences that would lead to him becoming an Arctic (北极的) explorer. Roald had planned to be the first man to reach and explore the North Pole. However, hearing that Robert Peary had already reached there, Roald changed the plan and decided to go to the South Pole. In January, 1911, Roald’s ship arrived at the Bay of Whales in Antarctica. His team set up camp there and prepared for the trip to the South Pole. The team set out to reach the South Pole months later. At first, they traveled quickly, but soon they had to pass over mountains and avoid dangerous places. Finally, after nearly two months of hard traveling, on December 14, 1911, they reached the South Pole. The exploration took 99 days and the team traveled over 1,800 miles to the pole and back. 8．What can we know about Roald from Paragraph 2? A．He enjoyed his life in the Arctic very much. B．He was better at scientific research than others. C．He had already learned some skills to explore. D．He realized his dream of exploring the North Pole in 1896. 9．Which picture shows the change of the speed on their way to the South Pole? A． B． C． D． 10．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Some members lost their lives during the trip. B．Roald was the first man to explore the North Pole. C．Roald’s ship arrived at the South Pole in January, 1911. D．They stayed at the Bay of Whales for months before setting out. 五、单词拼写。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 1. It’s difficult for a person to walk out of the large ________ (沙漠) alone. 2. The water ________ (水平) of the lake rises every spring when it rains a lot. 3. The wind blows over the ________ (表面) of the sea. 4. You can find the answer at the ________ (底部) of Page 58. 5. Without a spacesuit, humans cannot ________ (生存) in space because there is no air to breathe. 6. If you stand on my ________ (肩膀), you will be able to see over the wall. 7. Protecting the ________ (自然的) environment is very important. 8. The activities ________ (包含) a lot of interesting games. 9. The boys wants to use the ________ (沙子) to build a castle (城堡). 10. Although he is seventy, he is still ________ (有活力的). 六、完成句子。(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 1．这个国家公园占地面积达数平方千米。 The national park spans several _______ _______. 2．我看到黄山时，我对它的美景感到惊奇。 I ________ ________ the beauty of Mount Huang when I saw it. 3．位于俄罗斯西伯利亚的贝加尔湖是世界上最著名的湖泊之一。 ________ ________ Siberia, Russia, Lake Baikal is one of the world’s most famous lakes. 4．攀登者必须应对稀薄的空气、高耸的悬崖和多变的天气。 Climbers must ________ ________ thin air, high cliffs, and changeable weather. 5．它流经的距离最远，大约6300公里长。 It travels the ________ and is about 6,300 kilometres ________. 七、用所给词适当形式填空。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 1. It’s really an ________ (usual) but happy Spring Festival for me in the UK. I feel like I’m back home. 2. With the ________ (develop) of technology, computers become smaller. 3. The nearest supermarket is ________ (mile) away, so we need to drive there. 4. The ________ (north) part of China is famous for its beautiful snow scenery in winter. 5. Her mood is so ________ (change); one minute she’s happy, the next she’s sad. 6. Every ________ (travel) to Beijing should visit the Summer Palace to see its beautiful gardens and lakes. 7. He risked ________ (lose) his job by speaking out against the unfair policy. 8. The teacher ________ (wonder) why Jane was late again. 9. The little cat showed great ________ (curious) when it saw the toy mouse. 10. With great help of many people, the fire was under control ________ (success) in the end. 八、书面表达。(共15分) 中国幅员辽阔，自然风光美不胜收。作为五岳之一的黄山，其景区正在征集更多英文宣传稿，让更多人爱上这一宝藏景观。请根据所给提示，为它写一篇80词左右的英语简介。 提示： (1) 位置：中国安徽省南部； (2) 景观描述： ①以迎客松、怪石、云海、温泉 (hot springs) 闻名； ②有许多珍稀 (rare) 植物和动物； ③四季风景不同：春季山花遍野，夏季清凉多雨，秋季红叶满山，冬季雪景迷。 (3) 评价： ①世界文化与自然双重遗产 (Heritage)； ②每年数百万 (millions of) 游客登顶赏景。 Mount Huangshan ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第3页（共8页） 试题 第4页（共8页） 试题 第1页（共8页） 试题 第2页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $