Unit 4 Our animal friends（重难词汇精练）英语新教材沪教版七年级下册

Unit 4 Our animal friends 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 n. 海豚 n. 组; 班 n. 母鸡 v. 运输; 运送 adj. 瞎的; 失明的 v. 守卫; 保卫 *n. (羊等的) 毛 n. 蜂蜜 n. 先生 n. 材料; 原料 / n. 接待员 adv. 也 v. 允许进入 (或出去、通过) n. 鲨鱼 v. 道歉 adj. 害怕; 恐惧 adj. 睡着 adj. 灰色的 n. 烟 adv. 在某处; 到某处 n. 消防队员 adv. 很可能; 大概 n. 类型; 种类 n. 来源；出处 n. 搜索救援 adv. 在某时 n. 服务 adj. 已灭绝的; 绝种的 n. 灾难; 灾害 n. 艰难的尝试;试图 n. 旅客; 房客 短语 带着(某人) 到 把某人弄出…… 入睡; 睡着 在某人的帮助下 俯身; 趴下; 跪下 唤醒；醒来 消防车 因某事向某人道歉 允许某人做某事 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 1. wool n. 羊毛→________ adj. 羊毛的；羊毛制的 2. apologize v. 道歉→________ n. 道歉 3 .asleep adj. 睡着的→________v./n. 睡觉（过去式：________-过去分词：________）→________ adj. 困倦的，想睡的 4. service n. 服务；接待，招待→________ v. 接待，服务→________ n. 仆人，佣人 5. scared adj. 惊恐的，恐惧的→________ v. 使惊恐，吓唬；害怕，恐惧→________ adj. 令人惊恐的 6. probably adv. 很可能；大概→________ adj. 很可能的，大概的 7. safe adj. 安全的，平安的→________ n. 安全；安全性→________ adv. 安全地 8. lead v. 带领（过去式： ________-过去分词：________）→________ n. 领导；领袖 9. begin v. 开始，着手（过去式：________；过去分词：________）→________n. 开始，开端；序曲 10. extinct adj. 已灭绝的→________ n. 灭绝 11. transport v. 运输→________n. 运输；交通运输系统 12. effort n. 艰难的尝试；试图 →________ adj. 费力的；需要努力的→________adj. 轻松的；不费力的 词汇语境练-句子 一、单词拼写 1．John was very tired. He went to bed and soon fell a________. 2．Though Tom is b________, he can still take care of himself well. 3．I must ________ for the untidy state of the room. I left home hurriedly this morning. (apology) 4．The s_______ in the restaurant is very good. I like eating here. 5.The school doesn’t a________ students to use smartphones at school. 6．My father didn’t go to the theater last night, and I didn’t go there, e________. 7．China has six t_________ of tea: green tea, black tea, oolong tea, dark tea, yellow tea and white tea. 8．Tony and Peter are two members of their school football t________. 9．My grandparents feed lots of h________ and they have many eggs every day. 10．Humans can’t live without water. We should protect water s________. 11．Through great e________, the athlete reached the final and had half a chance of winning the match. 12．Being honest is p________ the best choice if you want to leave people a good impression. 13．The sky turned g________. It seemed that it was going to rain. 14．________ (海豚) are highly sociable and live in groups. 15．The little girl was too ________ (害怕) to watch the scary movie. 16．People saw a ________ (鲨鱼) when they swam in the sea. 17．We use different types of ________ (材料)to build houses. 18．The dinosaurs are now ________ (已灭绝的), but we can learn about them in museums. 19．Let’s go ________ (到某处) quiet where we can talk. 20．The earthquake was a huge d________. 21．I strongly advise you to give up s________. It does great harm to your health. 22．This sweater is made of w________. It’s very warm in winter. 23. The g________ was warmly welcomed by the host. 24. I’m busy today. We can play ping-pong together s________. 25. —Can I help you, s________? —A box of tomatoes, please. 二、用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．It ________ (probable) won’t rain today, the sky is clear now. 2．The little girl was ________ (scare) of the dark. 3．The ________ (serve) at the restaurant was excellent, and the food was delicious. 4．Look! The ________ (fireman) are rushing into the burning house to save lives. 5．The children went to bed and soon fell ________ (sleep). 6．Our teacher allows us ________ (play) sports for an hour every day. 7．He promised that he would give up ________ (smoke). 8．These excellent results come from your ________ (effort). 9.The old woman went across the road ________ (safe). 10．With ________ (Tom) help, we finished the job on time. 三、单项选择 1．Sally doesn’t ________ her son to spend too much time on the computer. It’s bad for his eyes. A．realize B．offer C．teach D．allow 2．Sorry, I don’t know the way to the cinema ________. A．too B．also C．either D．as well 3．We will visit our maths teacher _________ next week. A．sometime B．some time C．sometimes D．some times 4．It’s easy to feel ________ if we don’t eat breakfast. A．asleep B．sleepy C．sleep D．sleeping 5．My brother trains dogs to help the ________ to cross the streets. A．blind B．poor C．polite D．unhappy 6．If people cut down too many trees, it will ________ more air pollution. A．set out B．lead to C．cheer for D．check out 7．—Did you go ________ during your holiday? —Yes, we visited the Butterfly Spring with my cousin. A．interesting somewhere B．somewhere interesting C．anywhere interesting D．interesting anywhere 8.Listening to jazz music allows you _________ after a long day’s work. A．relax B．relaxing C．to relax D．Relaxed 9.The boy apologized to Mrs. White because he had broken her window. A．said goodbye to B．said hello to C．said thanks to D．said sorry to 10. We will provide the best ________ for you. This means that we will try our best to ________ you. A．serve; serve B．service; serve C．service; service D．serve; service 四、完成句子 1.经过了一整天的徒步旅行后，他早早就入睡了。 After a whole day of hiking, he ________ ________ early. 2. 当我难过时，我不知道怎样静下心来。 I didn’t know how to ______ ______ when I felt sad. 3. 多辆消防车火速赶到火灾现场。 Many ______ ______ ran to the fire place at once. 4. 他因为迟到向老师道了歉。 He ______ ______ his teacher for being late. 5. 在老师的帮助下，他英语进步很大。 ______ ______ ______ ______, he made great progress in English. 6.那位女孩把我带到了图书馆。 The girl ______ me ______ the library. 词汇语境练-语篇 A.语篇填词 One day, John and Charlie arrived at a hotel. The receptionist told John that they didn’t a 1 pets to stay in the hotel. But John was b 2 and couldn’t go anywhere without Charlie. So the receptionist a 3 and led both of them to their room. John soon fell asleep. Later he heard Charlie’s bark and w 4 up. He knew there was a fire because smoke was coming in from under the door. Then he put some wet towels along the b 5 of the door. Finally, the fireman came and saved both of them. B.语法填空 A blind man and his eyes John Dancer always 1 (travel) together with Charlie. One night 2 a hotel, Charlie saved his life. “Good evening, sir,” said the receptionist when John arrived 3 the hotel. Then he saw Charlie. “Sir, you’re welcome to stay, 4 we don’t allow pets here. Sorry,” he 5 (explain). “Charlie isn’t a pet,” said John. “He’s my eyes. I’m blind, and it’s hard for me 6 (get) around by 7 (me). I need him to show me where 8 (go).” The receptionist 9 (apology) and 10 (lead) John and Charlie 11 their room. It was late. John was very tired after a long day. He went to bed and soon fell asleep. Charlie 12 (lie) beside the bed. Suddenly, Charlie started barking. “Woof!Woof!” John 13 (wake) up and 14 (smell) smoke. A fire! Smoke started to come in from under the door. John knew they couldn’t get out that way now. Their room was 15 the eighth floor, so they couldn’t climb out of the window. They had to do something 16 (stop) the smoke. 17 Charlie’s help, John put some wet clothes along the bottom of the door. Then he got 18 on the floor next to Charlie and waited. The minutes seemed like hours. Then he 19 (hear) it. The sound of a fire engine. It was music to his ears. Before long, a fireman arrived and got into the room from the window. When he found John, he quickly helped him get up and tried 20 (get) him out of the building. 21 John would not go without his eyes. 22 (final), the fireman got both John and Charlie out of the building safely. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Our animal friends 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 dolphin n. 海豚 team n. 组; 班 hen n. 母鸡 transport v. 运输; 运送 blind adj. 瞎的; 失明的 guard v. 守卫; 保卫 wool *n. (羊等的) 毛 honey n. 蜂蜜 sir n. 先生 material n. 材料; 原料 *receptionist / n. 接待员 either adv. 也 allow v. 允许进入 (或出去、通过) shark n. 鲨鱼 apologize v. 道歉 scared adj. 害怕; 恐惧 asleep adj. 睡着 grey adj. 灰色的 smoke n. 烟 somewhere adv. 在某处; 到某处 fireman n. 消防队员 probably adv. 很可能; 大概 type n. 类型; 种类 source n. 来源；出处 *search-and-rescue n. 搜索救援 sometime adv. 在某时 service n. 服务 extinct adj. 已灭绝的; 绝种的 disaster n. 灾难; 灾害 effort n. 艰难的尝试;试图 guest n. 旅客; 房客 短语 lead (somebody) to 带着(某人) 到 get sb.out of 把某人弄出…… fall asleep 入睡; 睡着 with one's help 在某人的帮助下 get down 俯身; 趴下; 跪下 wake up 唤醒；醒来 fire engine 消防车 apologize to sb.for sth. 因某事向某人道歉 allow sb.to do sth. 允许某人做某事 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 1. wool n. 羊毛→woolen adj. 羊毛的；羊毛制的 2. apologize v. 道歉→apology n. 道歉 3 .asleep adj. 睡着的→sleep v./n. 睡觉（过去式：slept-过去分词：slept）→sleepy adj. 困倦的，想睡的 4. service n. 服务；接待，招待→serve v. 接待，服务→servant n. 仆人，佣人 5. scared adj. 惊恐的，恐惧的→scare v. 使惊恐，吓唬；害怕，恐惧→scary adj. 令人惊恐的 6. probably adv. 很可能；大概→probable adj. 很可能的，大概的 7. safe adj. 安全的，平安的→safety n. 安全；安全性→safely adv. 安全地 8. lead v. 带领（过去式： led-过去分词：led）→leader n. 领导；领袖 9. begin v. 开始，着手（过去式：began；过去分词：begun）→beginning n. 开始，开端；序曲 10. extinct adj. 已灭绝的→extinction n. 灭绝 11. transport v. 运输→transportation n. 运输；交通运输系统 12. effort n. 艰难的尝试；试图 →effortful adj. 费力的；需要努力的→effortless adj. 轻松的；不费力的 词汇语境练-句子 一、单词拼写 1．John was very tired. He went to bed and soon fell a________. 【答案】(a)sleep 【详解】句意：约翰非常累。他上床睡觉，很快就睡着了。“fell”是系动词“fall”的过去式，空格处需要填一个形容词作表语。“fall asleep”是固定短语，意为“入睡，睡着”，符合句子语境。故填(a)sleep。 2．Though Tom is b________, he can still take care of himself well. 【答案】(b)lind 【详解】句意：虽然汤姆失明了，但他仍能照顾好自己。根据 “he can still take care of himself well”及首字母提示可知， 此处表示虽然汤姆失明了，但仍能照顾好自己，blind“失明的”，形容词作表语。故填(b)lind。 3．I must ________ for the untidy state of the room. I left home hurriedly this morning. (apology) 【答案】apologize 【详解】句意：我必须为房间的凌乱状态道歉。我今天早上匆忙离开了家。根据括号内的提示词“apology”，结合句子结构，空格处需要填入一个动词原形，因为前面有情态动词“must”。由“apology”派生出的动词是apologize，意为“道歉”，故填apologize。 4．The s_______ in the restaurant is very good. I like eating here. 【答案】(s)ervice 【详解】句意：这家餐馆的服务很好。我喜欢在这里吃饭。根据首字母提示可知，此处应表示服务很好，因此用service“服务”，不可数名词作主语。故填(s)ervice。 5.The school doesn’t a________ students to use smartphones at school. 【答案】(a)llow 【详解】句意：学校不允许学生在学校使用智能手机。根据句意和首字母a可知，学生在学校不允许使用智能手机，allow“允许”，allow sb to do sth“允许某人做某事”，位于助动词doesn’t后，用动词原形，故填(a)llow。 6．My father didn’t go to the theater last night, and I didn’t go there, e________. 【答案】(e)ither 【详解】句意：我爸爸昨晚没去剧院，我也没去那儿。此句是否定句，表达“也”的含义，在否定句末常用“either”，符合句子语境和语法要求。故填(e)ither。 7．China has six t_________ of tea: green tea, black tea, oolong tea, dark tea, yellow tea and white tea. 【答案】(t)ypes 【详解】句意：中国有六种茶：绿茶、红茶、乌龙茶、黑茶、黄茶和白茶。根据“green tea, black tea, oolong tea, dark tea, yellow tea and white tea”可知，此句是说中国有六种茶。type“种类”，可数名词，根据“six”可知，此处用复数。故填(t)ypes。 8．Tony and Peter are two members of their school football t________. 【答案】(t)eam 【详解】句意：托尼和彼得是学校足球队的两名队员。根据句意和首字母可知，空格处表示“队伍”，football team足球队，故填(t)eam。 9．My grandparents feed lots of h________ and they have many eggs every day. 【答案】(h)ens 【详解】句意：我的祖父母喂养许多母鸡，它们每天都有许多鸡蛋。根据“My grandparents feed lots of…and they have many eggs every day.”以及首字母提示可知，此处说的是喂养许多母鸡，hen意为“母鸡”，lots of修饰可数名词复数形式。故填(h)ens。 10．Humans can’t live without water. We should protect water s________. 【答案】(s)ources 【详解】句意：人类离不开水。我们应该保护水源。根据“Humans can’t live without water.”可知，我们应该保护水源，这里水源是可数名词，water source“水源”可数名词，前面没有定冠词，这里需要用复数名词。故填(s)ources。 11．Through great e________, the athlete reached the final and had half a chance of winning the match. 【答案】(e)ffort/(e)fforts 【详解】句意：通过巨大的努力，这位运动员进入了决赛，并有一半的机会赢得这场比赛。根据“the athlete reached the final and had half a chance of winning the match”和首字母 “e”提示可知，运动员进入了决赛，并有一半的机会赢得比赛，说明付出了巨大的努力；考查effort“努力”，既可用作可数名词，也可用作不可数名词，through great effort(s)“通过巨大努力”，介词短语。故填(e)ffort(s)。 12．Being honest is p________ the best choice if you want to leave people a good impression. 【答案】(p)robably 【详解】句意：如果你想给人们留下好印象，诚实可能是最好的选择。根据首字母及“Being honest is…the best choice if you want to leave people a good impression.”可知，要想给人留下好印象，诚实可能是最好的选择。probably“可能地”，副词，修饰be动词is。故填(p)robably。 13．The sky turned g________. It seemed that it was going to rain. 【答案】(g)rey 【详解】句意：天空变成了灰色。似乎要下雨了。根据下文“It seemed that it was going to rain.”和首字母“g”以及常识可知，要下雨时天空通常会变成灰色；考查grey“灰色的”，形容词，在句中作系动词“turned”的表语。故填(g)rey。 14．________ (海豚) are highly sociable and live in groups. 【答案】Dolphins 【详解】句意：海豚非常善于交际，并且群居生活。dolphin“海豚”，根据“are”可知，此处用复数形式dolphins，句首首字母大写。故填Dolphins。 15．The little girl was too ________ (害怕) to watch the scary movie. 【答案】scared 【详解】句意：这个小女孩太害怕了，不敢看这部恐怖片。“害怕”的英文表达为scared，“too+形容词+to do sth”为固定结构，意为“太……而不能做某事”，故填scared。 16．People saw a ________ (鲨鱼) when they swam in the sea. 【答案】shark 【详解】句意：当人们在大海中游泳的时候，他们看到了一条鲨鱼。shark名词“鲨鱼”，根据“a”可知，此处用单数形式shark。故填shark。 17．We use different types of ________ (材料)to build houses. 【答案】materials 【详解】句意：我们用不同类型的材料来建造房屋。“材料”对应的英文单词是“material”，结合“different types of（不同类型的）”可知要用复数形式“materials”。故填materials。 18．The dinosaurs are now ________ (已灭绝的), but we can learn about them in museums. 【答案】extinct 【详解】句意：恐龙现在已灭绝了，但我们可以在博物馆里了解它们。根据“are now”可知，横线处需填形容词作表语，“已灭绝的”英文表达为extinct，形容词词性。故填extinct。 19．Let’s go ________ (到某处) quiet where we can talk. 【答案】somewhere 【详解】句意：我们找个安静的地方去聊聊吧。根据汉语提示“到某处”可知，对应的英文单词是somewhere，意为“某处，某个地方”，是不定副词。当形容词quiet修饰不定副词时，需后置，构成“somewhere quiet”的结构，符合语法规则和句意。故填somewhere。 20．The earthquake was a huge d________. 【答案】(d)isaster 【详解】句意：地震是一场巨大的灾难。根据“The earthquake was a huge d...”及首字母提示可知，应表达地震是一个巨大的灾难，disaster“灾难”，可数名词，a修饰用单数形式。故填(d)isaster。 21．I strongly advise you to give up s________. It does great harm to your health. 【答案】(s)moking 【详解】句意：我强烈建议你戒烟。它对你的健康危害很大。根据“It does great harm to your health.”、首字母“s”以及常识可知，抽烟对健康有害，所以此处是指戒烟；考查smoke“吸烟”，动词；又根据give up doing sth.“放弃做某事”，所以这里应用动名词smoking。故填(s)moking。 22．This sweater is made of w________. It’s very warm in winter. 【答案】(w)ool 【详解】句意：这件毛衣是由羊毛制成的。它在冬天非常暖和。根据“This sweater is made of...It’s very warm in winter.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指羊毛，wool“羊毛”，不可数名词，故填(w)ool。 23. The g________ was warmly welcomed by the host. 【答案】(g)uest 【详解】句意：客人受到了主人的热烈欢迎。根据“warmly welcomed by the host.”及首字母提示可知，是客人受到了主人的欢迎，guest“客人”，根据was可知，用单数形式。故填(g)uest。 24. I’m busy today. We can play ping-pong together s________. 【答案】(s)ometime 【详解】句意：我今天很忙。我们可以改天一起打乒乓球。根据“I’m busy today.”并结合首字母提示可知，今天很忙，应是改天一起打乒乓球，sometime“在某时；改天”符合。故填(s)ometime。 25. —Can I help you, s________? —A box of tomatoes, please. 【答案】(s)ir 【详解】句意：——先生，我能为您效劳吗？——请给我一盒西红柿。根据“Can I help you, …”以及首字母提示可知，此处是服务员和顾客之间的对话，应该称呼对方为先生，sir意为“先生”，名词。故填(s)ir。 二、用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．It ________ (probable) won’t rain today, the sky is clear now. 【答案】probably 【详解】句意：今天可能不会下雨，现在天空很晴朗。根据“It…won’t rain today”可知，横线处需填副词修饰动词“won’t rain”，probable“可能的”，形容词，其副词形式为probably。故填probably。 2．The little girl was ________ (scare) of the dark. 【答案】scared 【详解】句意：这个小女孩害怕黑暗。be scared of为固定搭配，意为“害怕……”，其中scared是形容词，表示“感到害怕的”。故填scared。 3．The ________ (serve) at the restaurant was excellent, and the food was delicious. 【答案】service 【详解】句意：这家餐厅的服务很好，食物也很美味。serve“服务”，动词，此处应用名词作主语，serve的名词形式为service。故填service。 4．Look! The ________ (fireman) are rushing into the burning house to save lives. 【答案】firemen 【详解】句意：看！消防员们正冲进着火的房子里去拯救生命。句中“are”表明主语是复数，“fireman”的复数形式是不规则变化，为“firemen”。故填firemen。 5．The children went to bed and soon fell ________ (sleep). 【答案】asleep 【详解】句意：孩子们上床睡觉，很快就睡着了。根据固定搭配fall asleep表示“入睡，睡着”，空处需用形容词形式；sleep的形容词为asleep。故填asleep。 6．Our teacher allows us ________ (play) sports for an hour every day. 【答案】to play 【详解】句意：我们老师允许我们每天运动一小时。play“玩，进行（运动）”是动词。allow sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“允许某人做某事”，因此填动词不定式。故填to play。 7．He promised that he would give up ________ (smoke). 【答案】smoking 【详解】句意：他承诺他会戒烟。句中“give up”是固定搭配，意为“放弃”，后接动名词作宾语，“smoke”的动名词形式是“smoking”。故填smoking。 8．These excellent results come from your ________ (effort). 【答案】efforts 【详解】句意：这些优秀的成果都源自你的努力。effort“努力”，表示“努力”时，为可数名词，此处应用可数名词复数形式，即efforts。故填efforts。 9.The old woman went across the road ________ (safe). 【答案】safely 【详解】句意：老妇人安全地过了马路。分析句子可知，此处应用副词safely“安全地”作状语，修饰动词went。故填safely。 10．With ________ (Tom) help, we finished the job on time. 【答案】Tom’s 【详解】句意：在汤姆的帮助下，我们按时完成了工作。根据“With ... (Tom) help, we finished the job on time.”以及语境可知，此处需要用名词所有格形式来表示“汤姆的”，修饰后面的名词“help”。“Tom”的所有格形式是“Tom’s”。故填Tom’s。 三、单项选择 1．Sally doesn’t ________ her son to spend too much time on the computer. It’s bad for his eyes. A．realize B．offer C．teach D．allow 【答案】D 【详解】句意：萨莉不允许她的儿子花太多时间玩电脑，这对他的眼睛不好。 考查动词辨析。realize意识到；offer提供；teach教；allow允许。根据“It’s bad for his eyes.”可知，玩电脑伤眼，所以萨莉不允许儿子长时间玩。故选D。 2．Sorry, I don’t know the way to the cinema ________. A．too B．also C．either D．as well 【答案】C 【详解】句意：抱歉，我也不知道去电影院的路。 考查副词辨析。too也，用于肯定句句末；also也，用于肯定句句中；either也，用于否定句句末；as well也，用于肯定句句末。根据“don’t know”可知，句子为否定句，且空格在句末，故应用either表示“也”。故选C。 3．We will visit our maths teacher _________ next week. A．sometime B．some time C．sometimes D．some times 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们将在下周的某个时间拜访我们的数学老师。 考查时间副词及词组的用法辨析。sometime在某时，指不确定的某个时间点；some time一段时间；sometimes有时，表示频率；some times几次，表示次数。根据“We will visit our maths teacher...next week.”可知，此处指“下周的某个时间”，强调不确定的某个时间点，表示计划在下周的某个时间去看望数学老师。故选A。 4．It’s easy to feel ________ if we don’t eat breakfast. A．asleep B．sleepy C．sleep D．sleeping 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果我们不吃早餐，就很容易感到困倦。 考查词汇辨析。asleep睡着的（形容词）；sleepy困倦的（形容词）；sleep睡觉（动词）；sleeping睡觉（动词-ing形式）。空前的feel是系动词，其后接形容词作表语，且根据“we don’t eat breakfast”可知，不吃早餐会让人很容易感到困倦，而不是睡着。故选B。 5．My brother trains dogs to help the ________ to cross the streets. A．blind B．poor C．polite D．unhappy 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我哥哥训练狗帮助盲人过马路。 考查形容词辨析。blind失明的；poor可怜的；polite有礼貌的；unhappy不开心的。根据“to cross the streets”可知，此处指用狗帮助盲人过马路。the blind“盲人”。故选A。 6．If people cut down too many trees, it will ________ more air pollution. A．set out B．lead to C．cheer for D．check out 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果人们砍伐太多的树木，将会导致更多的空气污染。 考查动词短语。set out出发；lead to导致；cheer for为……欢呼；check out结账离开。根据“cut down too many trees”可知，砍伐太多树木会导致更多的空气污染。故选B。 7．—Did you go ________ during your holiday? —Yes, we visited the Butterfly Spring with my cousin. A．interesting somewhere B．somewhere interesting C．anywhere interesting D．interesting anywhere 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——假期里你去过什么有趣的地方吗？——是的，我和我的表妹去了蝴蝶泉。 考查不定副词和定语后置。somewhere某处；anywhere任何地方，用于疑问句和条件从句时表示某个地方；interesting有趣的。根据“Did you go…during your holiday?”可知本句是一般疑问句，因此用anywhere，形容词interesting修饰anywhere时要后置。故选C。 8.Listening to jazz music allows you _________ after a long day’s work. A．relax B．relaxing C．to relax D．Relaxed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：听爵士乐允许你在漫长的一天工作后放松。 根据固定搭配 allow sb. to do sth. “允许某人做某事”，可知 allow 后接宾语再加动词不定式，因此填 to relax。 9.The boy apologized to Mrs. White because he had broken her window. A．said goodbye to B．said hello to C．said thanks to D．said sorry to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：男孩向怀特太太道歉，因为他打破了她的窗户。 考查动词短语辨析。said goodbye to 对…… 说再见；said hello to 对…… 说你好；said thanks to 对…… 说谢谢；said sorry to/apologized to 向…… 道歉。根据 “because he had broken her window” 可知，打破了别人的窗户要道歉，故选 D。 10. We will provide the best ________ for you. This means that we will try our best to ________ you. A．serve; serve B．service; serve C．service; service D．serve; service 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们将为您提供最好的服务。这意味着我们将尽最大努力为您服务。 考查名词和动词的用法。serve 服务，动词；service 服务，名词。根据 “the best” 可知，第一个空需填名词，作 provide 的宾语，service “服务” 符合句意；根据 “try our best to do sth.” 可知，第二个空需填动词原形 serve，故选 B。 四、完成句子 1.经过了一整天的徒步旅行后，他早早就入睡了。 After a whole day of hiking, he ________ ________ early. 【答案】 fell asleep 【详解】“入睡”对应的英文为fall asleep，根据中文意思可知，该句为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填fell；asleep。 2. 当我难过时，我不知道怎样静下心来。 I didn’t know how to ______ ______ when I felt sad. 【答案】got down 【详解】“静下心来；平复心情” 常用搭配 get down，时态保持一般过去时，故填 got；down。 3. 多辆消防车火速赶到火灾现场。 Many ______ ______ ran to the fire place at once. 【答案】fire engines 【详解】“消防车” 英文为 fire engine，many 后接可数名词复数，故填 fire engines。 4. 他因为迟到向老师道了歉。 He ______ ______ his teacher for being late. 【答案】apologized to 【详解】“向…… 道歉” 固定搭配 apologize to，描述过去动作，用一般过去时，故填 apologized to。 5. 在老师的帮助下，他英语进步很大。 ______ ______ ______ ______, he made great progress in English. 【答案】With the teacher's help 【详解】“在老师的帮助下” 固定短语 with the teacher's help，句首首字母要大写，故填With the teacher's help。 6.那位女孩把我带到了图书馆。 The girl ______ me ______ the library. 【答案】led；to 【详解】考查 lead sb. to + 地点“把某人带到某地”。讲述过去，用一般过去式 led。故填 led；to。 词汇语境练-语篇 A.语篇填词 One day, John and Charlie arrived at a hotel. The receptionist told John that they didn’t a 1 pets to stay in the hotel. But John was b 2 and couldn’t go anywhere without Charlie. So the receptionist a 3 and led both of them to their room. John soon fell asleep. Later he heard Charlie’s bark and w 4 up. He knew there was a fire because smoke was coming in from under the door. Then he put some wet towels along the b 5 of the door. Finally, the fireman came and saved both of them. 【答案】1．(a)llow 2．(b)lind 3．(a)pologized 4．(w)oke 5．(b)ottom 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一只叫Charlie的机智勇敢的导盲犬的故事。 1．句意：接待员告诉约翰他们不允许宠物住在旅馆里。根据“The receptionist told John that they didn’t ... pets to stay in the hotel.”和首字母提示可知，此处表达“接待员告诉约翰他们不允许宠物住在旅馆里”，“允许”为allow，动词，根据“didn’t”可知，需填动词原形。故填(a)llow。 2．句意：但是约翰是个盲人，没有查理他哪儿也去不了。根据“But John was ... and couldn’t go anywhere without Charlie.”可知，此处表达“约翰是个盲人”，需填形容词。根据首字母提示可知，“盲的”为blind。故填(b)lind。 3．句意：于是接待员向他们道了歉，把他们俩领到了自己的房间。根据“So the receptionist ... and led both of them to their room.”可知，此处表达“接待员向他们道了歉”，根据首字母提示可知，“道歉”为apologize，动词。根据“and led”可知，本句时态为一般过去时，需填过去式。故填(a)pologized。 4．句意：后来他听到了查理的吠叫，醒了过来。根据“John soon fell asleep. Later he heard Charlie’s bark and ... up.”可知，此处表示约翰醒过来了，短语为wake up。根据“Later he heard”可知，本句时态为一般过去时，需填过去式。故填(w)oke。 5．句意：然后他在门底铺上了湿毛巾。根据“Then he put some wet towels along the ... of the door.”和首字母提示可知，此处表达“然后他在门底铺上了湿毛巾”，“在……底部”为bottom。故填(b)ottom。 B.语法填空 A blind man and his eyes John Dancer always 1 (travel) together with Charlie. One night 2 a hotel, Charlie saved his life. “Good evening, sir,” said the receptionist when John arrived 3 the hotel. Then he saw Charlie. “Sir, you’re welcome to stay, 4 we don’t allow pets here. Sorry,” he 5 (explain). “Charlie isn’t a pet,” said John. “He’s my eyes. I’m blind, and it’s hard for me 6 (get) around by 7 (me). I need him to show me where 8 (go).” The receptionist 9 (apology) and 10 (lead) John and Charlie 11 their room. It was late. John was very tired after a long day. He went to bed and soon fell asleep. Charlie 12 (lie) beside the bed. Suddenly, Charlie started barking. “Woof!Woof!” John 13 (wake) up and 14 (smell) smoke. A fire! Smoke started to come in from under the door. John knew they couldn’t get out that way now. Their room was 15 the eighth floor, so they couldn’t climb out of the window. They had to do something 16 (stop) the smoke. 17 Charlie’s help, John put some wet clothes along the bottom of the door. Then he got 18 on the floor next to Charlie and waited. The minutes seemed like hours. Then he 19 (hear) it. The sound of a fire engine. It was music to his ears. Before long, a fireman arrived and got into the room from the window. When he found John, he quickly helped him get up and tried 20 (get) him out of the building. 21 John would not go without his eyes. 22 (final), the fireman got both John and Charlie out of the building safely. 【答案】 1．traveled/travelled 2．at 3．at 4．but 5．explained 6．to get 7．myself 8．to go 9．apologized 10．led 11．to 12．lay/was lying 13．woke 14．smelled/smelt 15．on 16．to stop 17．With 18．down 19．heard 20．to get 21．But 22．Finally 【导语】本文主要讲述了盲人约翰和他的导盲犬查理之间的感人故事。查理不仅是约翰的“眼睛”，更是在一场突如其来的酒店火灾中机智地救了主人的性命。 1．句意：约翰・丹瑟总是和查理一起出行。根据“Charlie saved his life.”可知，整篇故事是叙述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。travel意为“旅行”，其过去式为traveled或travelled。故填traveled/travelled。 2．句意：一天晚上，在一家旅馆里，查理救了他的命。根据“One night…a hotel, Charlie saved his life.”可知，此处指在一家酒店里。at a hotel意为“在一家旅馆里”，符合语境。故填at。 3．句意：“晚上好，先生，” 约翰到达旅馆时，前台接待员说道。根据“when John arrived…the hotel.”可知，此处是固定搭配arrive at，意为“到达某地（小地点）”。故填at。 4．句意：“先生，欢迎您入住，但我们这里不允许宠物入内。抱歉，” 他解释道。根据“Sir, you’re welcome to stay, …we don’t allow pets here.”可知，前半句欢迎入住，后半句说不允许带宠物，前后语意构成转折关系。but意为“但是”，符合语境。故填but。 5．句意：“先生，欢迎您入住，但我们这里不允许宠物入内。抱歉，” 他解释道。根据“Sorry,” he…”可知，此处指接待员解释了规定并表示抱歉。explain意为“解释”，动词；根据语境应用过去式。故填explained。 6．句意：“他是我的眼睛。我是盲人，独自出行对我来说很困难。” 根据“it’s hard for me…around”可知，此处是固定句型“It’s+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.”，意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”。故填to get。 7．句意：“他是我的眼睛。我是盲人，独自出行对我来说很困难。” 根据“it’s hard for me…around by ... (me)”可知，此处指约翰无法靠他自己走动。myself意为“我自己”，反身代词。故填myself。 8．句意：“我需要他指引我该去哪里。” 根据“I need him to show me where…”可知，此处是“疑问词+to do”结构。go意为“去”，此处指去哪里。故填to go。 9．句意：前台接待员道了歉，然后领着约翰和查理去了他们的房间。根据“The receptionist…”可知，此处指接待员表示了道歉。apology是名词，其动词为apologize意为“道歉”；由全文时态可知应用过去式。故填apologized。 10．句意：前台接待员道了歉，然后领着约翰和查理去了他们的房间。根据“and…John and Charlie”可知，此处是过去发生的事情，应用动词过去式。lead意为“带领”，其过去式为led。故填led。 11．句意：前台接待员道了歉，然后领着约翰和查理去了他们的房间。根据“John and Charlie…their room.”可知，此处指领他们到房间去。to意为“到”，符合语境。故填to。 12．句意：查理躺在床边。根据“He went to bed and soon fell asleep. Charlie… beside the bed.”可知，此处指约翰睡觉时查理的状态。lie意为“躺”，此处可用一般过去时lay描述当时的状态，也可用过去进行时was lying描述正在进行的背景动作。故填lay/was lying。 13．句意：约翰醒了过来，闻到了烟味。根据“Charlie started barking…John…up”可知，约翰被狗叫声吵醒了。此处是过去发生的事情，应用动词过去式。wake up意为“醒来”，其过去式为woke。故填woke。 14．句意：约翰醒了过来，闻到了烟味。根据“and…smoke.”可知，约翰醒来后闻到了烟味。此处是过去发生的事情，应用动词过去式。smell意为“闻到”，其过去式为smelled或smelt。故填smelled/smelt。 15．句意：他们的房间在八楼，所以无法从窗户爬出去。根据“Their room was…the eighth floor”可知，on the ... floor意为“在第……层”。故填on。 16．句意：他们必须采取措施阻止烟雾。根据“They had to do something…the smoke.”可知，此处指采取行动的目的是为了阻止烟雾进入。stop意为“停止；阻止”，动词不定式to stop在此作目的状语。故填to stop。 17．句意：在查理的帮助下，约翰把一些湿衣服沿着门的底部塞好。根据“…Charlie’s help, John put some wet clothes along the bottom of the door.”可知，此处指在查理的帮助下。with one’s help意为“在……的帮助下”，位于句首首字母需大写。故填With。 18．句意：然后他趴在查理旁边的地板上等待。根据“Then he got…on the floor next to Charlie”可知，此处指为了躲避烟雾而趴在地上。get down意为“趴下；蹲下”，符合语境。故填down。 19．句意：然后他听到了声音。根据“Then he…it. The sound of a fire engine.”可知，约翰听到了消防车的声音。此处是过去发生的事情，应用动词过去式。hear意为“听见”，其过去式为heard。故填heard。 20．句意：当他找到约翰时，迅速扶他起来，试图把他带出大楼。根据“and tried…him out”可知，此处指消防员尝试把约翰救出去。try to do sth.意为“尝试做某事”。故填to get。 21．句意：但约翰不肯离开他的 “眼睛”。根据“and tried…him out”以及“John would not go without his eyes.”可知，约翰不肯抛下他的“眼睛”独自离开，前后句为转折关系。But意为“但是”，位于句首首字母需大写。故填But。 22．句意：最后，消防员把约翰和查理都安全地救出了大楼。根据“…, the fireman got both John and Charlie out”可知，最后，消防员把约翰和查理都安全地救出了大楼。finally意为“最后”，副词修饰整个句子，位于句首首字母需大写。故填Finally。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $