内容正文:
译林版英语五年级下册 Unit 4 Seeing the doctor 单元知识清单
一、重点单词(按课文出现顺序)
课文出处:p.39-40 Story time,p.41 Ask and answer,p.43 Fun time,p.44 Sound time,p.45-46 Cartoon time,p.47 Think and write
单词
中文
常见搭配
搭配中文
ill
生病的
be ill
生病了
see the doctor
看医生,看病
go to see the doctor
去看医生
what's wrong
怎么了
What's wrong with you?
你怎么了?
headache
头痛
have a headache
头痛
feel
感觉,感到
feel cold
感觉冷
check
检查
Let me check.
让我检查一下。
fever
发烧
have a fever
发烧
should
应该
You should have a rest.
你应该休息一下。
rest
休息
have a rest
休息
medicine
药
take some medicine
吃药
drink water
喝水
drink some warm water
喝些温水
toothache
牙痛
have a toothache
牙痛
dentist
牙医
see the dentist
看牙医
anything
任何东西
can't eat anything
什么也吃不了
a lot of
许多
a lot of sweets
许多糖果
brush
刷
brush one's teeth
刷牙
teeth
牙齿
brush my teeth
刷牙
bedtime
就寝时间
before bedtime
睡觉前
shouldn't
不应该
You shouldn't eat sweets.
你不应该吃糖果。
hear
听见
can't hear well
听不清
write
写
can't write
不能写字
giraffe
长颈鹿
Giraffe
长颈鹿
neck
脖子
long neck
长脖子
point at
指着
point at his neck
指着他的脖子
二、核心短语、固定词组(按课文出现顺序)
课文出处:p.39-40 Story time,p.41 Think and write,p.45-46 Cartoon time,p.47 Think and write
短语
中文
see the doctor
看医生,看病
What's wrong with you?
你怎么了?
have a headache
头痛
feel cold
感觉冷
have a fever
发烧
have a rest
休息
take some medicine
吃药
drink some warm water
喝些温水
brush one's teeth
刷牙
have a toothache
牙痛
see the dentist
看牙医
eat a lot of sweets
吃许多糖果
eat too many sweets
吃太多糖果
before bedtime
睡觉前
have a rest at home
在家休息
take off one's coat
脱掉外套
put on one's jacket
穿上夹克
have a good time
玩得开心
三、重点句型、日常交际对话
Story time(p.39-40)
句型/对话
中文
Su Hai is ill. She goes to see the doctor.
苏海生病了。她去看医生。
What's wrong with you?
你怎么了?
I have a headache. I feel cold.
我头痛。我感觉冷。
Let me check.
让我检查一下。
You have a fever.
你发烧了。
What should I do, Doctor?
我应该怎么做,医生?
You should have a rest at home.
你应该在家休息。
You should take some medicine and drink some warm water.
你应该吃些药,喝些温水。
Thank you, Doctor.
谢谢你,医生。
Mike has a toothache. He goes to see the dentist.
迈克牙痛。他去看牙医。
I have a toothache. I can't eat anything!
我牙痛。我什么也吃不了!
Do you eat a lot of sweets?
你吃很多糖果吗?
Yes, I do.
是的,我吃。
You shouldn't eat too many sweets.
你不应该吃太多糖果。
You should brush your teeth in the morning and before bedtime.
你应该在早上和睡觉前刷牙。
Fun time(p.43)
句型/对话
中文
You should ...
你应该……
You shouldn't ...
你不应该……
Cartoon time(p.45-46)
句型/对话
中文
Bobby helps in the hospital.
博比在医院帮忙。
OK. How do you feel now?
好的。你现在感觉怎么样?
I can't write now!
我现在不能写字!
I can't hear well now!
我现在听不清!
I can't eat or drink now!
我现在不能吃也不能喝!
You should have a rest today.
你今天应该休息。
Sure. What's wrong with you?
当然。你怎么了?
Giraffe points at his long neck.
长颈鹿指着他的长脖子。
Think and write(p.47)
句型/对话
中文
He feels hot. He should take off his jacket.
他感觉热。他应该脱掉他的夹克。
She feels cold. She should put on her coat.
她感觉冷。她应该穿上她的外套。
She likes eating sweets. She sometimes has a toothache.
她喜欢吃糖果。她有时牙痛。
She should brush her teeth in the morning and before bedtime.
她应该在早上和睡觉前刷牙。
She should not eat too many sweets.
她不应该吃太多糖果。
She has a headache. She feels tired.
她头痛。她感觉累。
She should not work. She should have a rest.
她不应该工作。她应该休息。
They are in the library.
他们在图书馆里。
They should not talk. They should not eat or drink either.
他们不应该说话。他们也不应该吃或喝。
四、课文必背句子(按故事发展顺序)
课文出处:p.39-40 Story time
句子
中文
What's wrong with you?
你怎么了?
I have a headache. I feel cold.
我头痛。我感觉冷。
You have a fever.
你发烧了。
You should have a rest at home.
你应该在家休息。
You should take some medicine and drink some warm water.
你应该吃些药,喝些温水。
I have a toothache. I can't eat anything!
我牙痛。我什么也吃不了!
Do you eat a lot of sweets?
你吃很多糖果吗?
You shouldn't eat too many sweets.
你不应该吃太多糖果。
You should brush your teeth in the morning and before bedtime.
你应该在早上和睡觉前刷牙。
五、基础语法点
1. 询问病情的句型:What's wrong with you?(p.39-40)
句型
例句
中文
课文出处
询问病情
What's wrong with you?
你怎么了?
p.39 Story time
回答病情
I have a headache.
我头痛。
p.39 Story time
回答病情
I have a toothache.
我牙痛。
p.40 Story time
注意:What's wrong with you? = What's the matter with you? 用于询问对方身体不适或出了什么问题。
2. 情态动词 should 与 shouldn't 的用法(p.39-40)
句型
例句
中文
课文出处
肯定句(建议)
You should have a rest.
你应该休息。
p.39 Story time
肯定句(建议)
You should take some medicine.
你应该吃些药。
p.39 Story time
否定句(劝告)
You shouldn't eat too many sweets.
你不应该吃太多糖果。
p.40 Story time
结构:
• should + 动词原形(表示建议、劝告,应该做某事)
• shouldn't = should not(表示不应该做某事)
3. 动词 have 表示“患病”的用法(p.39-40)
短语
中文
例句
课文出处
have a headache
头痛
I have a headache.
p.39 Story time
have a fever
发烧
You have a fever.
p.39 Story time
have a toothache
牙痛
I have a toothache.
p.40 Story time
have a rest
休息
have a rest
p.39 Story time
注意:have + a/an + 疾病名词,表示“患……病”。
4. 情态动词 can 与 can't 的用法(p.40, p.45)
句型
例句
中文
课文出处
肯定句
I can write.
我能写字。
p.45 Cartoon time
否定句
I can't eat anything.
我什么也吃不了。
p.40 Story time
否定句
I can't hear well.
我听不清。
p.45 Cartoon time
否定句
I can't eat or drink.
我不能吃也不能喝。
p.45 Cartoon time
注意:can't = cannot,后面接动词原形。否定句中用 or 连接并列成分。
5. 连词 or 的用法(p.45)
用法
例句
中文
课文出处
否定句中的并列
I can't eat or drink.
我不能吃也不能喝。
p.45 Cartoon time
注意:在否定句中,并列成分用 or 连接,不用 and。
6. 频度副词 a lot of 与 too many 的用法(p.40)
短语
用法
例句
中文
课文出处
a lot of
许多(后接可数/不可数名词)
a lot of sweets
许多糖果
p.40 Story time
too many
太多(后接可数名词复数)
too many sweets
太多糖果
p.40 Story time
注意:a lot of 可用于可数名词复数和不可数名词;too many 只用于可数名词复数。
7. 动词 feel 的用法(p.39, p.47)
句型
例句
中文
课文出处
feel + 形容词
I feel cold.
我感觉冷。
p.39 Story time
feel + 形容词
He feels hot.
他感觉热。
p.47 Think and write
feel + 形容词
She feels tired.
她感觉累。
p.47 Think and write
注意:feel 是感官动词,后面接形容词,表示“感觉……”。
六、发音规则、易混音
1. 字母组合 ch 的发音 /tʃ/(p.44 Sound time)
课文出处:p.44 Sound time
单词
中文
chair
椅子
chicken
鸡肉
lunch
午餐
much
许多
teach
教
歌谣:
英文
中文
Charlie is sitting on a bench,
查理正坐在长椅上,
Eating chicken for his lunch.
午餐吃着鸡肉。
He likes Chinese food very much.
他非常喜欢中国食物。
He's going to China in March!
他三月份要去中国!
2. 易混音对比
音素
单词示例
中文
/tʃ/
chair, chicken, lunch, much
椅子,鸡肉,午餐,许多
/ʃ/
shoe, shop
鞋子,商店
/s/
see, sun
看见,太阳
注意:/tʃ/ 是清辅音,发音时舌尖抵住上齿龈后部,形成阻碍,然后气流冲出,声带不振动。
七、拼写易错单词、易混句型
1. 拼写易错单词
课文出处:p.39-40 Story time,p.45-46 Cartoon time
单词
易错点
正确拼写
中文
headache
错误❌:容易写成 headake
headache
头痛
fever
错误❌:容易写成 feaver
fever
发烧
medicine
错误❌:容易写成 medicin
medicine
药
toothache
错误❌:容易写成 toothake
toothache
牙痛
dentist
错误❌:容易写成 dentest
dentist
牙医
anything
错误❌:容易写成 anythink
anything
任何东西
brush
错误❌:容易写成 brash
brush
刷
teeth
错误❌:容易写成 tooths
teeth
牙齿(复数)
should
错误❌:容易写成 shoud
should
应该
shouldn't
错误❌:容易写成 should'nt
shouldn't
不应该
giraffe
错误❌:容易写成 girafe
giraffe
长颈鹿
neck
错误❌:容易写成 nek
neck
脖子
2. 易混句型
(1)have a headache 与 have a toothache 的区别
表达方式
中文
课文出处
have a headache
头痛
p.39 Story time
have a toothache
牙痛
p.40 Story time
✅ 正确:I have a headache. = 我头痛。
✅ 正确:I have a toothache. = 我牙痛。
❌ 错误:I have headache. / I have toothache.(缺少冠词 a)
(2)should 与 shouldn't 的区别
表达方式
例句
中文
课文出处
should
You should have a rest.
你应该休息。
p.39 Story time
shouldn't
You shouldn't eat too many sweets.
你不应该吃太多糖果。
p.40 Story time
✅ 正确:should = 应该(建议做某事)
✅ 正确:shouldn't = 不应该(建议不要做某事)
(3)a lot of 与 too many 的区别
表达方式
例句
中文
课文出处
a lot of
Do you eat a lot of sweets?
你吃许多糖果吗?
p.40 Story time
too many
You shouldn't eat too many sweets.
你不应该吃太多糖果。
p.40 Story time
✅ 正确:a lot of = 许多(中性)
✅ 正确:too many = 太多(含否定意义)
(4)can't 后面接 or 的用法
表达方式
例句
中文
课文出处
can't ... or ...
I can't eat or drink.
我不能吃也不能喝。
p.45 Cartoon time
错误用法
I can't eat and drink.
❌ 我不可能同时吃和喝(语义不当)
——
✅ 正确:否定句中用 or 连接并列成分
❌ 错误:否定句中用 and 连接并列成分
(5)What's wrong with you? 与 What's wrong? 的区别
表达方式
例句
中文
课文出处
What's wrong with you?
What's wrong with you?
你怎么了?
p.39 Story time
What's wrong?
What's wrong?
怎么了?
p.46 Cartoon time
✅ 正确:What's wrong with you? = 询问“你”怎么了(强调对象)
✅ 正确:What's wrong? = 怎么了?(泛指,可用于任何场景)
📖 课文出处:p.39 Story time,p.46 Cartoon time
(6)see the doctor 与 see the dentist 的区别
表达方式
中文
课文出处
see the doctor
看医生(泛指)
p.39 Story time
see the dentist
看牙医(特指牙医)
p.40 Story time
✅ 正确:see the doctor = 看医生(普通医生)
✅ 正确:see the dentist = 看牙医(专门看牙齿)
八、文化知识(Culture time)
课文出处:p.44 Culture time
英文
中文
You have a fever. Your temperature is 102°F.
你发烧了。你的体温是102华氏度。
It's 39°C.
这是39摄氏度。
注意:
• 英国和美国使用华氏度(°F)测量体温
• 中国使用摄氏度(°C)测量体温
• 102°F ≈ 39°C(发烧标准不同)
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