UNIT 2 Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures(学用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册（人教版）

本讲义聚焦动词-ing形式作宾语补足语和状语核心知识点，通过语境例句引入，分两部分构建“先感悟（教材/生活例句感知）—会发现（规律探究）—善归纳（用法总结）—运用练（巩固应用）”的学习支架，系统梳理其语法功能与使用场景。 该资料以“形式—意义—使用”三维动态语法观为指导，结合“看到树枝挡路”等生活情境例句培养语言能力，通过“会发现”环节引导学生自主分析规律提升思维品质，融入高考真题（如2024新课标Ⅰ卷语法填空）强化应用。课中辅助教师实施探究式教学，课后分层练习（单句填空、句子合并）助力学生查漏补缺，提升学习能力。

Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures 【重难语法·要攻克】 一、会发现　（1）宾语补足语　（2）宾语补足语　（3）宾语补足语 运用练　①saying　②approaching　③wandering ④running　⑤cleaning　⑥recognising 二、会发现　（1）①　②　③　④　⑤　（2）完成式 运用练　①listening　②Realising　③Knowing　④looking ⑤Seeing　⑥Giving　⑦Having been warned ⑧Having dressed 【随堂检测·要过关】 Ⅰ.1.Having been praised　2.Looking　3.complaining 4.calling　5.traveling Ⅱ.1.Having been caught in the rain for a long time 2.saying that I had a gift for football 3.Feeling exhausted 4.With the boy leading the way for me 5.Frightened by the storm 6.Teaching English 【知识要点·须拾遗】 1.①whispering　②whispers　③in a sweet whisper 2.①In memory of/In honour of　②in need of financial aid 7 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语和状语 　　On our way home，we saw a big branch lying on the road①.Considering it might cause some trouble②， we decided to move it away.With some passers-by helping us③， we managed to remove it from the road.Seeing what we had done④， many people applauded warmly for us， saying that⑤ we really did a good deed and were good teenagers. 文中的黑体部分都是动词-ing形式，其中①③在句中作宾语补足语，②④⑤在句中作状语。 ——运用“形式—意义—使用”相结合的三维动态语法观 一、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语 【先感悟】 ①（教材典句） The new People’s Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role. ②When we returned to the school， we found a stranger standing at the entrance. ③In the crowded café，I heard a friendly voice saying， “You can share my table.” ④It’s cold.We should have the fire burning all the time. ⑤With the boy leading the way， we found the hidden waterfall with ease. 【会发现】 （1）句①②③中的加黑部分为动词-ing形式作感官动词的　　　　　　； （2）句④中的加黑部分为动词-ing形式作使役动词have的　　　　　　； （3）句⑤中的加黑部分为with复合结构，动词-ing形式作　　　　　　。 【善归纳】 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时，表示正在进行的动作或经常存在的状态。常用于以下情况： 1.感官动词（短语）see、 hear、 feel、 smell、 find、 notice、 observe、 look at、 listen to等后可跟动词-ing形式作宾语补足语。 2.在keep、get、leave、have等使役动词后作宾语补足语，表示“让……一直做某事”。 名师点津 （1）have/get＋宾语＋done意为“让别人去做某事”。 He will have/get the computer repaired tomorrow. 他明天让人给他修电脑。 （2）have＋宾语＋do sth意为“让某人去做某事”。 Mother has me go to the shop to buy some fruit. 妈妈让我去商店买一些水果。 （3）leave （使……处于某种状态）、 keep （使……保持某种状态）后一般跟分词作补语，而不跟动词不定式。 Many teachers keep parents informed of children’s performance in the kindergarten by sharing videos online. 许多老师通过在线分享视频让家长知晓孩子们在幼儿园的表现。 3.在with复合结构中，动词-ing形式充当宾语补足语，表示动作“正在进行”。 名师点津 在with复合结构中，也可以使用动词不定式和过去分词作宾语补足语。 All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.（表示“状态”） 整个下午他都锁着门工作。 I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash.（表示事情还未做） 有这些衣服要洗，我不能出去了。 【运用练】　单句语法填空 ①In the crowded café， I received a friendly message 　　　　　　（say）， “You can share my table.” ②With the mid-term examination 　　　　　（approach）， she had butterflies in her stomach and couldn’t sleep well. ③One day， while driving near her home， she saw a dog 　　　　　　（wander） on the road， clearly lost. ④They use computers to keep the traffic 　　　　　　（run） smoothly. ⑤The step-mother had the boy 　　　　　（clean） the room the whole morning as a punishment. ⑥China’s image is improving steadily， with more countries 　　　　　　（recognise） its role in international affairs. 二、动词-ing形式作状语 动词-ing形式作状语，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致，可表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、伴随等。 【先感悟】 ①He lay on the grass， staring at the sky for a long time. ②Being so excited， he couldn’t go to sleep that night. ③Seeing students study carefully online， we all feel delighted. ④More highways have been built in China， making it much easier for people to travel from one place to another. ⑤Going straight down the road， you will find the department store. ⑥（教材典句）Though Lin Qiaozhi never married， she was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”， having delivered over 50，000 babies in her lifetime. 【会发现】 （1）黑体部分在句中作伴随状语的是句　　，作原因状语的是句　　　，作时间状语的是句　　　，作结果状语的是句　　　，作条件状语的是句　　　。 （2）句⑥中动词-ing形式短语为　　　　，表示动作发生在谓语动词之前。 【善归纳】 1.动词-ing形式作状语的形式 主动形式 被动形式 时态意义 语态意义 一般式 doing being done 构成动词-ing的动词所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作（几乎）同时发生 主动形式表示构成动词-ing的动词与句子主语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系；被动形式表示构成动词-ing的动词与句子主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系 完成式 having done having been done 构成动词-ing的动词所表示的动作先于谓语动词所表示的动作发生 2.动词-ing形式作状语时的类型 动词-ing形式作状语时可以表示原因、条件、让步、时间、结果、方式或伴随状况，作方式状语或伴随状语时可以变为并列成分，作原因、条件、让步、时间状语时相当于对应的状语从句。 类型 例句 时间 Hearing the news， they immediately set off for Shanghai. ＝When they heard the news， they immediately set off for Shanghai. 听到这个消息，他们立即出发去上海了。 原因 （2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）Feeling motivated， I started running regularly， but then two things happened. ＝Because I felt motivated， I started running regularly， but then two things happened. 因为受到了激励，我开始定期跑步，但后来发生了两件事。 结果 The snow lasted a week， resulting in serious traffic confusion in the whole area. ＝The snow lasted a week and resulted in serious traffic confusion in the whole area. 这场雪持续了一个星期，造成了整个地区严重的交通混乱。 条件 Improving his skills， he will easily find a job. ＝If he improves his skills， he will easily find a job. 如果他提高了自己的技能，他很容易就能找到工作。 让步 Admitting what she has said， I still think that she hasn’t tried her best. ＝Although I admit what she has said， I still think that she hasn’t tried her best. 尽管我承认她所说的话，但我仍然认为她没有尽她最大的努力。 方式 Please answer the question using another way. ＝Please answer the question and use another way. 请用另一种方式回答这个问题。 伴随 He walked down the hill， singing softly. ＝He walked down the hill and sang softly. 他步行下山，轻声哼着歌。 3.动词-ing形式作状语的注意事项 （1）动词-ing形式的否定式：not＋doing； not＋having done Not knowing the way， he got lost. 由于不认路，他迷路了。 Having lived in Beijing for many years， Carter knew the city well.因为在北京住了多年，卡特对这个城市很熟悉。 （2）独立主格结构 动词-ing形式作状语，有时它也可以有自己独立的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构，通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况，也可以表示时间、原因或条件。 Time permitting， we will answer your questions after the discussion.如果时间允许的话，讨论结束后我们会回答你的问题。 All students staring at her， Mary felt uneasy. 所有的学生都盯着她看，玛丽感到不安。 （3）动词-ing形式作评论性状语 有些动词-ing形式在句中没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在，它们往往作为句子的评论性状语来修饰整个句子，表明说话者的态度、观点等。例如：generally speaking“一般说来”， judging by/from ...“从……判断”， taking everything into consideration “从全盘考虑”。 Judging from her reaction， she liked the birthday present. 从她的反应来判断，她喜欢这个生日礼物。 【运用练】　单句语法填空 ①（2024·全国甲卷）She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table， 　　　　　　（listen） closely. ②　　　　　　 （realise） that many people were living a poor life， he determined to give away most of his money. ③　　　　　　 （know） that you are interested in it， I’m pleased to share relevant information with you. ④（2023·1月浙江卷）When I opened my hand， the bird did not fly away； she sat 　　　　　　（look）at me with her bright eyes. ⑤　　　　　　 （see） the mess in the kitchen， he immediately understood what had happened. ⑥（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）　　　　　　 （give） him a firm handshake， I jumped out of the car and made a mad run for the bus. ⑦　　　　　　　　　　（warn） by the teacher， the students didn’t make such mistakes. ⑧　　　　　　　　（dress） up， we went out to have some good local food and enjoy the celebrations. Ⅰ.基础题型练 1.　　　　　　　　　　（praise） by the teacher， he formed the good habit of thinking by himself. 2.　　　　　　 （look） around， I found there was no one nearby to turn to for help. 3.Tom slowly walked away， 　　　　　　（complain） about the cold weather. 4.After a knock at the door， the child heard his mother’s voice 　　　　　　（call） him. 5.He had a wonderful childhood， 　　　　　（travel） with his mother to all corners of the world. Ⅱ.用动词-ing形式或动词-ed形式合并句子 1.Because they had been caught in the rain for a long time， they were wet all over. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， they were wet all over. 2.All the football players cheered for me aloud.They said that I had a gift for football. All the football players cheered for me aloud， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 3.Tom was feeling exhausted， so he went to bed the moment he got home. 　　　　　　　　　　　　， Tom went to bed the moment he got home. 4.The boy led the way for me.I had no difficulty finding my friend’s home. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I had no difficulty finding my friend’s home. 5.As Alice was frightened by the storm， she turned on the lights in the house. 　　　　　　　　　　　　， Alice turned on the lights in the house. 6.When you teach English， whether to children or adults， you have to be creative to keep their interest. 　　　　　　　　　　， whether to children or adults， you have to be creative to keep their interest. 1.whisper vi.& vt.悄声说；耳语；低语n.耳语（声）；低语（声）；传言；谣传 教材原句　I saw her whispering something into his ear， obviously not wanting to be heard. 我看见她对他耳语了几句，显然不想被其他人听见。 【用法】 （1）whisper to sb　　　对某人耳语 whisper sth in/into one’s ear 在某人耳边低声说某事 It is whispered that ... 有人私下说……；据秘密传闻…… （2）低声说 【佳句】　The man whispered something in the lion’s ear， after which the lion shook its head and walked away unhappily.（外研选必一） 那人在狮子耳边低声说了些什么，然后狮子摇摇头，不高兴地走开了。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①When I came in， I saw Linda 　　　　　　（whisper） to her classmate. ②The little girl spoke almost in 　　　　　　（whisper）.She looked at Pappy with her big brown eyes. 【写美】　完成句子 ③ Shocked and proud， their mother said 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， “Thanks， my kids.” 他们的母亲既震惊又自豪，幸福地低声说道，“谢谢孩子们。” 2.in memory of作为对……的纪念 教材原句　After Dr Bethune’s death， Chairman Mao Zedong wrote an article in memory of him ... 白求恩大夫去世后，毛泽东主席写了一篇文章纪念他…… 【用法】 in honour of　　　　　 纪念；向……表示敬意 in search of　　 寻找 in charge of　　 负责；掌管 in need of　　 需要 in celebration of 庆祝…… in support of 支持 【佳句】　People celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival in memory of/in honour of Qu Yuan，who is a famous Chinese poet.人们庆祝端午节是为了纪念中国著名诗人屈原。 【写美】　完成句子 ①　　　　　　　　　　　　 the dead in the earthquake， people set up a monument. 为了纪念地震中的死者，人们立了一座纪念碑。 ②Many Chinese universities provide scholarships for students 　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　. 许多中国大学为需要经济援助的学生提供奖学金。 提示：完成课后作业　UNIT 2　Section Ⅲ 7 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $