UNIT 3 Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures(教用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册(人教版)
Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
省 略
After breakfast, Mom was doing housework in the kitchen.She talked to Tom while washing① bowls and plates.She said to Tom, “Dear son, look out for cars when crossing② the street.” Tom usually said to his mom, “See you③, Mom.”However, this time, she heard nothing.Tom hurriedly left home as if anxious④.She considered Tom rude this time, but she didn’t know why⑤.She thought she would make Tom realise⑥ his wrong doings when he came back from school.
1.加蓝处①②④为状语从句的省略;
2.加蓝处③为简单句的省略;
3.加蓝处⑤为宾语从句的省略;
4.加蓝处⑥为动词不定式的省略。
——运用“形式—意义—使用”相结合的三维动态语法观
一、省略的定义
省略是一种为了避免重复、保持句子简洁而将一个或几个句子成分省略掉的语法现象。凡是缺少一个或一个以上的必要语言成分,在一定的语境中能够独立存在,意义明确,并且能发挥实际功能的句子就是省略句。
二、简单句中的省略
【先感悟】
①(You) Join us in our efforts to protect our environment.
②(It) Doesn’t matter.
③He has a knowledge of first aid but his friend doesn’t (have a knowledge of first aid).
④(You come) This way, please.
【会发现】
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(1)句①②中省略了 主语 ;
(2)句③中省略了 谓语和宾语 ;
(3)句④中省略了 主语和谓语 。
【善归纳】
1.省略主语
一般情况下,主语是不能省略的,但在祈使句和其他不容易引起歧义的情况下,特别是在口语中,常常省略主语,主要是祈使句中的you和疑问句中的主语;
2.省略宾语
当上、下或前、后两个句子的宾语一致时,下句或后句常常省略宾语;
3.省略主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分)
在某些具体的场合下,主语和谓语都很明确,此时为了简化或显得亲切等,可将主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分)同时省略,只剩下表语、宾语、状语或其他成分。
【运用练】 用省略句完成句子
① Obey the rules , or you will get punished.
遵守规则,否则你会受到惩罚。
② What a beautiful sight !
多美的景色啊!
③ Got any idea about the plan?
对这个计划有什么想法吗?
三、并列句中的省略
在由and或but连接的并列句中,常省略一些重复的词或词组。
【先感悟】
①(教材典句) This district used to be a poor area of town, but (this district) is now a centre for art, music, and food.
②(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I ran like crazy through the airport building and (I) jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought.
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③When summer comes, the day is getting longer and longer, and the night (is getting) shorter and shorter.
④My brother likes sports and I (like) music.
⑤They tried their best but (they tried) in vain.
【会发现】
(1)句①②中省略了共同的 主语 ;
(2)句③④中省略了共同的 谓语 ;
(3)句⑤中省略了共同的 主语和谓语 。
【善归纳】
1.省略共同的主语或宾语。
2.若主语不同,而谓语部分的系动词、助动词或情态动词相同,则省略后面的系动词、助动词或情态动词。
3.若主语与谓语动词相同,则省略后面的主谓成分。
4.若主语不同,但主要动词及后续部分相同,则省略主要动词及后续部分。
【运用练】 写出下列句中可以省略的部分
①He gave up drinking several months ago, but he returned to his old way later. 省略第二个he
②Jack must have been playing football and Mary must have been doing her homework. 省略第二个must have been
③His claim made me happy, but his claim made Jim angry. 省略his claim
④He has a knowledge of China but his friend doesn’t have a knowledge of China. 省略have a knowledge of China
四、复合句中的省略
【先感悟】
①While (I was) walking along the street, I heard my name called.
②My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit (that) we had ever eaten.
③They said (that) the meeting was very important and that we mustn’t be late.
【会发现】
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