内容正文:
广西
英 语
课堂精讲册
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第二部分 语法专题精讲练
一、词法
专题一 名词
考点2 名词的数(链接中考:选词填空)
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考点讲解
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1.判断是可数名词还是不可数名词
类别 定义 特点
可数
名词 能用数目来
计算,可以
分成个体的
人或物 1.有单数和复数两种形式,如:
desk→desks;
2.前面可用基数词、不定冠词(a/an)及
many等词修饰,如:three boys, an
apple, many students;
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类别 定义 特点
可数
名词 能用数目来
计算,可以
分成个体的
人或物 3.只修饰可数名词的修饰语:
a/an一个 these这些 those 那些
every/each 每个another另一个several几个
any other 其他任何一个 many 很多
quite a few很多few几乎没有a few一些;几
个
a couple of两个;几个 a pair of 一双
a number of若干;许多
续表
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类别 定义 特点
不可
数名
词 不能用数目
来计算,不
可以分成个
体的东西 1.没有复数形式,如:tea, courage;
2.不可以被基数词或不定冠词(a/an)直接
修饰;
3.只修饰不可数名词的修饰语:
little几乎没有 a little少量 a bit of一点儿
much很多 a great deal of很多
a large amount of大量的
续表
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类别 定义 特点
既可以修饰可数名
词,也可以修饰不
可数名词的修饰词 some一些 a lot of很多 lots of很多
plenty of充足的 most大多数 all全部
the rest of剩下的
续表
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知识拓展
有一些名词既可以作可数名词,也可以作不可数名词:
chicken(不可数,鸡肉)
chickens(可数,鸡)
exercise(不可数,锻炼)
exercises(可数,练习题)
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orange(不可数,橙汁)
oranges(可数,橙子)
experience(不可数,经验)
experiences(可数,经历)
room(不可数,空间)
rooms(可数,房间)
glass(不可数,玻璃)
glasses(可数,玻璃杯)
time(不可数,时间)
times(可数,次数;倍数)
life(不可数,生活)
lives(可数,生命;一生)
work(不可数,工作)
works(可数,作品)
2.不可数名词
(1)不可数名词的量化表达
具体
的量 数词/a/an+表数量的名词+of+不可数名词,如:two pieces
of paper
大概
的量 表示数量的限定词(some, much, a little/little, a lot
of/lots of, plenty of等)+不可数名词,如:some water,
a little money
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(2)常见的不可数名词
抽象
名词 概念 environment 环境 homework 作业
space 太空;空间 advice 劝告;建议
peace 和平 trouble 问题;苦恼
情感 joy 欢乐;乐趣 fun 开心;娱乐
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物质
名词 材料 cotton 棉;棉花 plastic 塑料;塑胶 silk 丝绸;
丝织物
饮食 beef 牛肉 water 水 juice 果汁 bread 面包
salt 盐 soup 汤 cheese 奶酪 porridge 粥 sugar
糖
自然 air 空气 temperature 温度;体温 wind 风
物体 rain 雨 snow 雪 sand 沙子
grass 草;草地 ice 冰
续表
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专有
名词 学科 chemistry 化学 math(s) 数学 geography 地理
physics 物理
疾病 flu 流感 fever 发烧
地名 Asia 亚洲 China 中国
续表
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口诀助记
其他常见不可数名词:
金木水火土,
(gold, wood, water, fire, soil)
米面肉食布,
(rice, flour, meat, food, cloth)
金银钢铁和天气,
(gold, silver, steel, iron, weather)
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煤油棉花和玻璃,
(coal, oil, cotton, glass)
面包果汁和氧气,
(bread, juice, oxygen)
咖啡牛奶和茶,
(coffee, milk, tea)
纸币烟酒和头发,
(paper, money, smoke, wine, hair)
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幸福时光和信息,
(happiness, time, information)
运气进步重要性,
(luck, progress, importance)
善良友谊和关系,
(kindness, friendship, relationship)
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知识力量和能力,
(knowledge, power, ability)
胜利消息有乐趣,
(victory, news, fun)
交通污染不美丽,
(traffic, pollution, beauty)
教育建议有帮助!
(education, advice, help)
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3.判断可数名词用单数形式还是复数形式
(1)填单数形式的判定方法
①a/an/this/that/every/each/another/either/one/序数词+可数名词单数;
②可数名词单数+be动词单数形式/谓语动词的单三形式;
③结合上下文语境或者句中对应的提示词,如:it, its;
④专有名词,如:the Great Wall。
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(2)填复数形式的判定方法
①these/those/普通不定代词(many/some/several/few/a few/both/
other等)/大于1的基数词/one of(+the/物主代词/限定词+形
容词最高级)/quite a few/a pair of/a couple of/a(great/large)number
of/different+可数名词复数;
②both/either/neither/all/none of+可数名词复数;
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③可数名词复数+be动词复数形式/动词原形;
④结合上下文语境或句中对应的提示词,如:them, their;
⑤通常用复数或只有复数形式的名词:chopsticks, clothes, glasses,
scissors, socks, trousers;
⑥用于固定短语或固定搭配中:take notes, do morning exercises。
知识拓展
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知识拓展
集体名词常分为以下两类:
①形式为单数, 但意义可以为单数或复数, 如:family, team,
group, class, government, army, audience(观众;听众)等。当
它们作主语时, 如果强调一个整体, 谓语动词用单数形式;如果
强调集体中的每一个成员, 谓语动词用复数形式。
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②形式为单数, 但意义永远为复数, 如:people, police等。这类
词只有单数形式, 但表示复数意义,不与a/an连用, 可与the连用,
谓语动词用复数形式。
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4.可数名词单数变复数
可数名词有单数和复数两种形式,在表示大于1的数量时,
名词需用复数形式。
(1)规则变化
情况 构成方法 示例
一般情况 加-s sign→signs rule→rules
house→houses problem→problems
goal→goals mistake→①
_________
mistakes
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情况 构成方法 示例
以s, x, sh,
ch结尾的
词 加-es class→classes box→②_______
brush→brushes watch→③
_________
bus→buses
特例:stomach→stomachs
boxes
watches
续表
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情况 构成方法 示例
以y结尾的
词 元音字母加
y:加-s key→keys monkey→monkeys
holiday→holidays
辅音字母加
y:先变y为i,
再加-es party→parties baby→babies
story→④_______ family→families
stories
续表
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情况 构成方法 示例
以o结尾的
词 有生命的加-
es hero→⑤_______ potato→potatoes
tomato→tomatoes
特例:bamboo→bamboos
无生命的加-s photo→photos piano→pianos
zoo→zoos radio→radios
以f/fe结尾
的词 变f/fe为v,再
加-es leaf→leaves knife→knives
wife→wives
heroes
续表
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(2)不规则变化
情况 构成方法 示例
元音字母发生
变化 改a为e型 man→men
woman→
women
特例:German→Germans
human→humans
改oo为ee型 foot→⑥_____ tooth→teeth
feet
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情况 构成方法 示例
单复数同形 sheep→sheep deer→deer
特例:fish(条数)→fish
fish(种类)→fishes
fish(表示鱼肉时为不可数名词)
合成词将主体词变为复数 passer-by→passers-by
续表
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情况 构成方法 示例
表示“……
国人” 中日不变 Chinese→Chinese
Japanese→Japanes
e
英法变
(man→men) Englishman→Englishmen
Frenchman→Frenchmen
续表
情况 构成方法 示例
表示“……
国人” 其余s加后面 German→Germans
American→Americans
Australian→Australians
Canadian→Canadians
Russian→Russians
其他特殊形式 mouse→mice child→children
续表
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口诀助记
英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿
口诀助记
小偷(thief)之妻(wife)
生活(life)难,
自己(self)扫叶(leaf)来做饭,
忽见一狼(wolf)躲架(shelf)后,
取刀(knife)把它劈两半(half)。
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易错点
1.当名词前的修饰词是man或woman,变复数时,两个名词全都
要变成复数形式;如果修饰词是其他词,变复数时,只需把后面
的名词变成复数形式,如:
a man teacher→two men teachers
a woman singer→two ⑦ _______________
a boy student→two boy students
women singers
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2. “数词+名词(+形容词)”构成的复合形容词,中间的名词不
能用复数形式,必须用单数形式。如:five-year-old五岁, five-
pound五英镑, 100-meter百米
3. 有些名词常以复数形式出现,如:
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考点测验
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广西6年真题溯源
一、选词填空
part radio history photo
foreigner feeling door
1.(2025广西66题)Many people post things online. Online
sharing is a _____ of our daily life now.
2.(2025广西70题)At times, when we take _______ of
beautiful views, we might also post them to share.
part
photos
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3.(2024广西76题改编)Different kinds of music bring you
different ________.
4.(2024广西81题改编)You can just turn on the ______ and
listen to different kinds of music for fun.
5.(2023广西77题改编)The style has also attracted(吸引)
many __________.
feelings
radio
foreigners
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6.(2023广西83题改编)Hanfu is like a ______ for Tom. It
leads to a room of colorful Chinese culture.
7.(2023广西84题改编)In the past, Tom only knew China has
a long ________.
door
history
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拓展提升
二、选词填空基础题
problem rule painting instruction class
1.There are lots of ______ that students should follow in school.
They help students become better people.
2.Food safety is a serious _________, so we should try to solve
it and make sure of everyone’s health.
3.Lucy and Tony are good friends, but they are in different
_______.
rules
problem
classes
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4.My dad has many skills. He usually fixes up the machines by
following these ____________.
5.Mike’s mother was proud of him, because he drew many
__________, and one of them won first prize.
instructions
paintings
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三、选词填空
bird word picnic thing role advantage air leaf
Trees are our best friends in nature. They play many
important 6. ______ in our daily lives. First, trees provide
oxygen(氧气), which is important for all living 7. _______.
They take in carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) and give out fresh 8.
____. Second, one of the 9. ___________ of trees is that they
offer shade(阴凉处) and cool the environment in hot summer.
roles
things
air
advantages
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People often rest under the trees or have 10. ________ in the
shade. Third, trees help keep the soil healthy. Their roots hold
the soil together, preventing water from washing it away and
reducing floods. Fourth, the 11. _______ of trees are food for
many animals. Trees are also home to many animals, such as
12. ______ and squirrels. In a 13. ______, trees are important to
our planet and our lives. We should plant more trees and
protect them from being cut down.
picnics
leaves
birds
word
German tomato glass woman knife
14.All ________ teachers in our school received beautiful
flowers on Women’s Day.
15.The girl wearing ________ is the new classmate in our class.
16.Many foreigners came to our school last week, including
three __________ and four Americans.
women
glasses
Germans
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17.My mother often uses _________ to make soup. The soup
tastes really delicious and it’s my favorite.
18.Be careful when using _______. We should keep them away
from children for safety.
tomatoes
knives
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