Unit 4 Eat Well（词汇讲练）-2025-2026学年人教版七年级英语下册单元知识基础巩固

该初中英语单元知识清单系统梳理了七年级下学期Unit 4 "Eat Well"词汇内容，涵盖42个核心单词、22个重点短语，构建了从"词汇背默清单"到"核心词汇讲练"再到"强化训练"的递进式学习支架。 清单以"基础巩固-用法精析-深度优化"三级体系呈现知识，核心词汇讲练包含搭配积累、典型例句及单选、填空、翻译等多题型巩固练习，如"habit"的"form a habit"搭配及语境应用训练，培养学生语言能力和学习能力。背默清单与讲练结合，助力学生自主夯实基础，教师可据此设计分层教学，提升课堂实效。

2025-2026学年下学期七年级英语单元知识基础巩固(人教版2024) Unit 4 Eat Well 词汇讲练 目录 第一部分 单元词汇背默锁定基础 高效学习 第二部分 核心词汇讲练用法精析 变式巩固 第三部分 词汇强化训练深度优化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 单元词汇清单 Unit 4 词汇与短语背诵清单 ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 I.核心单词 1.卷心菜n.　　　 cabbage 2.羊肉n. mutton 3.曲奇饼n. cookie 4.洋葱;葱头n. onion 5.饺子n. dumpling 6.咖啡 n. coffee 7.豆 n. bean 8.沙拉;色拉n. salad 9.粥;麦片粥n. porridge 10.(男)服务员 n. waiter 11.有……味道;尝 v.味道 n. taste 12.某事物;任何事物 pron. anything 13.一道菜;盘n. dish 14.一餐所吃的食物;早(午、晚)餐 n. meal 15.猪肉n. pork 16.草莓n. strawberry 17.菜单n. menu 18.顾客 n. customer 19.女服务员 n. waitress 20.先生 n. sir 21.习惯 n.　　　　　　 habit 22.脂肪n.肥胖的 adj. fat 23.汉堡包 n. hamburger 24.造成;导致 v. cause 25.心脏;中心 n. heart 26.能量;精力 n. energy 27.在别处 adv. away 28.不好的;贫穷的;可怜的 adj. poor 29.后果;结果n. result 30.文章;冠词 n. article 31.普通的;普遍的 adj. common 32.在……之中;……之一prep. among 33.柔和的;柔软的 adj. soft 34.渴的 adj. thirsty 35.improve v.改进;改善 →improvement n.改进;改善 36.salt n. 盐→salty adj.咸的 37.weight n.体重;重量→weigh v.称重量 38.balanced adj.均衡的;平衡的→balance v.保持平衡 39.choice n.选择→choose v.选择 40.serve v. 提供;服务→service n.选择 41.梨 n. pear 42.糖n. sugar II.重点短语 1.牛肉胡萝卜水饺　 beef and carrot dumplings  2.西瓜汁 watermelon juice  3.牛肉卷心菜面条 noodles with beef and cabbage  4.炸鱼薯条 fish and chips  5.欢迎来…… welcome to  6.充满 be full of  7.鱼汤 fish soup  8.火锅 hot pot  9.搭配 go with  10.太多 too much  11.快餐　　　　　　　　　fast food  12.增加 put on   13.心脏病 heart problem   14.太……以至于不能 too...to... 15.专注于;关注 focus on   16.毕竟;究竟 after all   17.远离 keep...away 18.健康饮食 healthy eating   19.各种各样的 all kinds of   20.软饮料(不含酒精) soft drink   21.对……有害 be bad for   22.今后 in future   Unit 4 词汇与短语默写清单 I.核心单词 1.卷心菜n.　　　____________ 2.羊肉n. ____________ 3.曲奇饼n. ____________ 4.洋葱;葱头n. ____________ 5.饺子n. ____________ 6.咖啡 n. ____________ 7.豆 n. ____________ 8.沙拉;色拉n. ____________ 9.粥;麦片粥n. ____________ 10.(男)服务员 n. ____________ 11.有……味道;尝 v.味道 n. ____________ 12.某事物;任何事物 pron. ____________ 13.一道菜;盘n. ____________ 14.一餐所吃的食物;早(午、晚)餐 n. ____________ 15.猪肉n. ____________ 16.草莓n. ____________ 17.菜单n. ____________ 18.顾客 n. ____________ 19.女服务员 n. ____________ 20.先生 n. ____________ 21.习惯 n.　　　　____________ 22.脂肪n.肥胖的 adj. ____________ 23.汉堡包 n. ____________ 24.造成;导致 v. ____________ 25.心脏;中心 n. ____________ 26.能量;精力 n. ____________ 27.在别处 adv. ____________ 28.不好的;贫穷的;可怜的 adj. ____________ 29.后果;结果n. ____________ 30.文章;冠词 n. ____________ 31.普通的;普遍的 adj. ____________ 32.在……之中;……之一prep.____________ 33.柔和的;柔软的 adj. ____________ 34.渴的 adj. ____________ 35.improve v.改进;改善 →____________ n.改进;改善 36.salt n. 盐→____________ adj.咸的 37.weight n.体重;重量→____________ v.称重量 38.balanced adj.均衡的;平衡的→____________ v.保持平衡 39.choice n.选择→____________ v.选择 40.serve v. 提供;服务→____________ n.选择 41.梨 n. ____________ 42.糖n. ____________ II.重点短语 1.牛肉胡萝卜水饺　 ____________ 2.西瓜汁 ____________ 3.牛肉卷心菜面条 ____________ 4.炸鱼薯条 ____________ 5.欢迎来…… ____________ 6.充满 ____________ 7.鱼汤 ____________ 8.火锅 ____________ 9.搭配 ____________ 10.太多 ____________ 11.快餐　　　　　　　　　____________ 12.增加 ____________   13.心脏病 ____________   14.太……以至于不能 ____________ 15.专注于;关注 ____________   16.毕竟;究竟 ____________   17.远离 ____________ 18.健康饮食 ____________   19.各种各样的 ____________   20.软饮料(不含酒精) ____________   21.对……有害 ____________   22.今后 ____________   ◇Part 02 核心词汇讲练 1.habit n.习惯；习性 【搭配积累】form a habit（养成习惯）；break a habit（改掉习惯）；good habit（好习惯）；bad habit（坏习惯）；daily habit（日常习惯） 【典型例句】 She has a habit of drinking a glass of warm water every morning.（她有每天早上喝一杯温水的习惯。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.He has a ______ of smoking after meals, which is harmful to his health. A. hobby B. habit C. custom D. practice 2.It’s hard to ______ the habit of staying up late once you get used to it. A. break B. form C. develop D. keep 3.Reading English every morning is a good ______ that helps improve your pronunciation. A. way B. method C. habit D. rule （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.My little sister is trying to form a good ______ (habit) of tidying her room. 2.He used to have a bad habit of ______ (eat) too much junk food. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 1.养成每天锻炼的习惯对我们的身体有好处。(form a habit) It’s good for our health to ______ ______ ______ of exercising every day. 2.他已经改掉了上课迟到的坏习惯。(break a habit) He has ______ ______ ______ of being late for class. 答案与解析 （一）单项选择 答案：1.B 2.A 3.C 解析： 1.句意：他有饭后抽烟的习惯，这对他的健康有害。A项hobby指“爱好”，侧重兴趣爱好；B项habit指“个人习惯”，符合句意；C项custom指“社会习俗”；D项practice指“惯例、练习”，故选B。 2.句意：一旦你习惯了熬夜，就很难改掉这个习惯。A项break“打破、改掉”，break a habit为固定搭配“改掉习惯”；B项form“形成”；C项develop“培养”；D项keep“保持”，故选A。 3.句意：每天早上读英语是一个有助于提高发音的好习惯。A项way“方法”；B项method“方法”；C项habit“习惯”，符合句意；D项rule“规则”，故选C。 （二）单句填空 答案：1.habit 2.eating 解析： 1.句意：我的小妹妹正努力养成整理房间的好习惯。a后接可数名词单数，habit为可数名词，此处用原形即可。 2.句意：他过去有吃太多垃圾食品的坏习惯。of为介词，后接动名词形式，故填eating。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 答案：1.form a habit 2.broken the habit 解析： 1.“养成习惯”为form a habit，It’s + adj. + for sb. to do sth.结构中，to后接动词原形，故填form a habit。 2.“改掉习惯”为break the habit，根据has可知此处为现在完成时，break的过去分词为broken，故填broken the habit。 2.cause v. 引起；导致；使发生；n. 原因；起因；事业；目标 【搭配积累】v. cause sth.（引起某事）；cause sb. to do sth.（导致某人做某事）；n. cause of sth.（某事的原因）；fight for a cause（为一项事业而奋斗） 【典型例句】 v. The heavy rain caused the flood in this area.（暴雨导致了这个地区的洪水。） n. What is the main cause of the accident?（这起事故的主要原因是什么？） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.The bad weather ______ many flights to be canceled yesterday. A. made B. caused C. let D. had 2.Smoking is one of the main ______ of lung cancer. A. reasons B. causes C. results D. effects 3.He devotes all his life to the ______ of helping poor children get an education. A. cause B. reason C. purpose D. goal （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.The carelessness of the driver ______ (cause) the serious traffic accident last week. 2.Stress can ______ (cause) a lot of health problems if we don’t deal with it properly. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 1.什么导致他改变了主意？(cause sb. to do sth.) What ______ ______ ______ ______ his mind? 2.环境污染是全球变暖的主要原因之一。(cause of) Environmental pollution is one of the main ______ ______ global warming. 答案与解析 （一）单项选择 答案：1.B 2.B 3.A 解析： 1.句意：昨天恶劣的天气导致许多航班取消。A项made后接省略to的不定式；B项caused后接sb./sth. to do sth.，符合句式；C项let后接省略to的不定式；D项had后接sb. do sth.，故选B。 2.句意：吸烟是肺癌的主要原因之一。A项reason侧重“理由、道理”；B项cause侧重“导致结果的直接原因”，符合句意；C项result“结果”；D项effect“影响”，故选B。 3.句意：他毕生致力于帮助贫困儿童接受教育的事业。A项cause指“值得奋斗的事业”，符合句意；B项reason“理由”；C项purpose“目的”；D项goal“目标”，故选A。 （二）单句填空 答案：1.caused 2.cause 解析： 1.句意：司机的粗心导致了上周那场严重的交通事故。根据last week可知此处用一般过去时，cause的过去式为caused。 2.句意：如果我们不妥善处理压力，它会导致很多健康问题。can为情态动词，后接动词原形，故填cause。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 答案：1.caused him to change 2.causes of 解析： 1.“导致某人做某事”为cause sb. to do sth.，结合句意可知此处用一般过去时，“改变主意”为change one’s mind，故填caused him to change。 2.“……的原因”为cause of sth.，one of后接可数名词复数，故填causes of。 3.heart n.心脏；内心；核心；勇气 【搭配积累】heart disease（心脏病）；in one’s heart（在某人内心深处）；lose heart（灰心）；take heart（鼓起勇气）；heart and soul（全心全意地） 【典型例句】 She has a kind heart and always helps others.（她心地善良，总是帮助别人。） His heart is full of hope for the future.（他的内心充满了对未来的希望。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.Don’t lose ______ when you meet difficulties; you will succeed sooner or later. A. heart B. mind C. hope D. courage 2.My grandmother has been suffering from ______ for many years. A. head B. heart C. heart disease D. headache 3.He loves his country ______ and is willing to devote everything to it. A. heart and soul B. hand in hand C. step by step D. day by day （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.The doctor said his ______ (heart) is in good condition after the check-up. 2.She put her hand on her ______ (heart) and said she would never forget this moment. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 1.在我内心深处，我知道他是对的。(in one’s heart) ______ ______ ______ ______, I know he is right. 2.听到这个好消息，他鼓起勇气继续努力。(take heart) Hearing the good news, he ______ ______ and kept working hard. 答案与解析 （一）单项选择 答案：1.A 2.C 3.A 解析： 1.句意：遇到困难时不要灰心，你迟早会成功的。lose heart为固定搭配“灰心、泄气”，符合句意；A项符合；B项mind“思想”；C项hope“希望”；D项courage“勇气”，故选A。 2.句意：我奶奶患心脏病很多年了。A项head“头”；B项heart“心脏”，单独使用不表示疾病；C项heart disease“心脏病”，符合句意；D项headache“头痛”，故选C。 3.句意：他全心全意地爱他的国家，并愿意为它奉献一切。A项heart and soul“全心全意地”，符合句意；B项hand in hand“手拉手”；C项step by step“一步一步地”；D项day by day“日复一日”，故选A。 （二）单句填空 答案：1.heart 2.heart 解析： 1.句意：医生说检查后他的心脏状况良好。his后接名词，heart为可数名词，此处指“他的心脏”，用单数原形即可。 2.句意：她把手放在心上，说她永远不会忘记这一刻。her后接名词，heart此处指“心脏”，用单数原形，put one’s hand on one’s heart为固定搭配“把手放在心上”。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 答案：1.In my heart 2.took heart 解析： 1.“在某人内心深处”为in one’s heart，此处主语为“我”，故填In my heart，句首首字母大写。 2.“鼓起勇气”为take heart，根据kept可知此处用一般过去时，take的过去式为took，故填took heart。 4. energy n.能量；精力；活力；能源 【搭配积累】save energy（节约能源）；have energy（有精力）；energy conservation（节能）；physical energy（体力）；mental energy（脑力） 【典型例句】 She has plenty of energy to finish all the work today.（她有足够的精力完成今天所有的工作。） Solar energy is a kind of clean and renewable energy.（太阳能是一种清洁、可再生的能源。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.After a good rest, he got back his ______ and continued working. A. energy B. strength C. power D. force 2.We should try our best to ______ energy to protect our environment. A. waste B. save C. use D. lose 3.Wind ______ is becoming more and more popular in many countries. A. power B. energy C. strength D. force （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.He doesn’t have enough ______ (energy) to go out with us tonight because he worked all day. 2.Using clean ______ (energy) is important for reducing air pollution. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 1.他总是充满活力，好像永远不会累。(have energy) He is always full of ______ and never seems to get tired. 2.我们应该养成节约能源的好习惯。(save energy) We should form a good habit of ______ ______. 答案与解析 （一）单项选择 答案：1.A 2.B 3.B 解析： 1.句意：好好休息后，他恢复了精力，继续工作。A项energy指“精力、活力”，符合句意；B项strength指“体力、力量”；C项power指“权力、电力”；D项force指“力量、武力”，故选A。 2.句意：我们应该尽力节约能源，保护我们的环境。A项waste“浪费”；B项save“节约”，save energy为固定搭配“节约能源”，符合句意；C项use“使用”；D项lose“失去”，故选B。 3.句意：风能在许多国家变得越来越受欢迎。A项power“电力、权力”；B项energy指“能源”，wind energy“风能”，符合句意；C项strength“力量”；D项force“力量”，故选B。 （二）单句填空 答案：1.energy 2.energy 解析： 1.句意：他今晚没有足够的精力和我们出去，因为他工作了一整天。enough后接不可数名词或可数名词复数，energy为不可数名词，用原形即可。 2.句意：使用清洁能源对减少空气污染很重要。clean为形容词，后接名词，energy为不可数名词，此处指“清洁能源”，用原形。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 答案：1.energy 2.saving energy 解析： 1.“充满活力”为be full of energy，energy为不可数名词，故填energy。 2.“节约能源”为save energy，of为介词，后接动名词形式，故填saving energy。 5. away adv.离开；远离；消失；不在 【搭配积累】go away（走开；离开）；put away（收好；放好）；take away（拿走；带走）；run away（逃跑）；far away（遥远的） 【典型例句】 She walked away without saying a word.（她一句话也没说就走开了。） My hometown is far away from the city.（我的家乡离城市很远。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.Please ______ your toys away after you finish playing with them. A. put B. take C. go D. run 2.The little boy ran ______ when he saw his angry father. A. away B. out C. in D. up 3.My best friend moved ______ last year, so we can only keep in touch by phone. A. far B. away C. out D. off （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.When the teacher came in, all the students went ______ (away) quietly. 2.He took the old books ______ (away) and threw them into the dustbin. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 1.请把这些垃圾拿走。(take away) Please ______ ______ these rubbish. 2.他已经离开家乡很多年了。(be away) He has ______ ______ from his hometown for many years. 答案与解析 （一）单项选择 答案：1.A 2.A 3.B 解析： 1.句意：玩完玩具后，请把它们收好。put away为固定搭配“收好、放好”，符合句意；A项符合；B项take away“拿走”；C项go away“走开”；D项run away“逃跑”，故选A。 2.句意：小男孩看到生气的爸爸就跑开了。run away为固定搭配“逃跑、跑开”，符合句意；A项符合；B项run out“用完”；C项run in“跑进”；D项run up“跑上来”，故选A。 3.句意：我最好的朋友去年搬走了，所以我们只能通过电话保持联系。move away为固定搭配“搬走、离开”，符合句意；A项far“远的”；B项away符合搭配；C项move out“搬出”；D项move off“离开”，故选B。 （二）单句填空 答案：1.away 2.away 解析： 1.句意：老师进来时，所有学生都安静地走开了。go away为固定搭配“走开”，away为副词，此处用原形即可。 2.句意：他把旧书拿走，扔进了垃圾桶。take away为固定搭配“拿走”，away为副词，用原形。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 答案：1.take away 2.been away 解析： 1.“拿走”为take away，本句为祈使句，please后接动词原形，故填take away。 2.“离开”用be away表示状态，可与for+时间段连用；根据has可知此处为现在完成时，be的过去分词为been，故填been away。 6. poor adj.贫穷的；可怜的；差的；劣质的 【搭配积累】poor people（穷人）；poor health（健康状况差）；poor quality（质量差）；be poor in（在……方面差）；feel poor（觉得可怜） 【典型例句】 Many people in the village are still poor.（村里还有很多人很贫穷。） His English is poor, so he needs to practice more.（他的英语很差，所以需要多练习。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.The family is too ______ to afford a new house. A. rich B. poor C. happy D. sad 2.He did ______ in the exam because he didn’t study hard. A. good B. well C. poor D. badly 3.The food in this restaurant is of ______ quality, so few people come here. A. good B. poor C. high D. excellent （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.She felt ______ (poor) for the little boy who had no parents. 2.His performance in the game was ______ (poor) than expected, so his team lost. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 1.这个地区的穷人得到了政府的帮助。(poor people) The ______ ______ in this area got help from the government. 2.他在数学方面很差，需要找个家教。(be poor in) He ______ ______ ______ math and needs to find a tutor. 答案与解析 （一）单项选择 答案：1.B 2.D 3.B 解析： 1.句意：这个家庭太穷了，买不起新房子。A项rich“富有的”；B项poor“贫穷的”，符合句意；C项happy“快乐的”；D项sad“悲伤的”，故选B。 2.句意：他考试考得很差，因为他没有努力学习。此处需用副词修饰动词did，A项good（形容词）、C项poor（形容词）排除；B项well“好地”；D项badly“差地”，符合句意，故选D。 3.句意：这家餐厅的食物质量很差，所以很少有人来这里。A项good“好的”；B项poor“差的”，poor quality“质量差”，符合句意；C项high“高的”；D项excellent“优秀的”，故选B。 （二）单句填空 答案：1.poor 2.poorer 解析： 1.句意：她为那个没有父母的小男孩感到可怜。feel为系动词，后接形容词作表语，poor为形容词，用原形即可。 2.句意：他在比赛中的表现比预期的差，所以他的队伍输了。根据than可知此处用比较级，poor的比较级为poorer。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 答案：1.poor people 2.is poor in 解析： 1.“穷人”为poor people，people为复数名词，此处用原形即可。 2.“在……方面差”为be poor in，主语He为第三人称单数，be动词用is，故填is poor in。 7. result n. 结果；后果；成绩；v. 导致；结果是 【搭配积累】n. as a result（结果）；as a result of（由于……的结果）；the result of sth.（某事的结果）；v. result in（导致）；result from（由……引起） 【典型例句】 n. He worked hard, and as a result, he passed the exam.（他努力学习，结果通过了考试。） v. His carelessness resulted in the mistake.（他的粗心导致了这个错误。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.He didn’t study hard, and ______ a result, he failed the exam. A. as B. for C. in D. with 2.The ______ of the competition will be announced tomorrow. A. cause B. result C. reason D. effect 3.The accident ______ from his drunk driving. A. resulted B. caused C. made D. led （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.What is the ______ (result) of your discussion yesterday? 2.His bad behavior ______ (result) in his being punished by the teacher. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 1.由于下雨，我们不得不取消野餐。(as a result of) ______ ______ ______ ______ the rain, we had to cancel the picnic. 2.努力工作会带来好的结果。(result in) Hard work will ______ ______ good results. 答案与解析 （一）单项选择 答案：1.A 2.B 3.A 解析： 1.句意：他没有努力学习，结果考试不及格。as a result为固定搭配“结果”，符合句意；A项符合；B项for a result无此搭配；C项in a result无此搭配；D项with a result无此搭配，故选A。 2.句意：比赛的结果将于明天公布。A项cause“原因”；B项result“结果”，符合句意；C项reason“理由”；D项effect“影响”，故选B。 3.句意：这起事故是由他酒后驾驶引起的。result from为固定搭配“由……引起”，符合句意；A项符合；B项caused“导致”，后接结果；C项made“使”；D项led“导致”，后接to+结果，故选A。 （二）单句填空 答案：1.result 2.resulted 解析： 1.句意：你们昨天讨论的结果是什么？the后接名词，result为可数名词，此处指“一次讨论的结果”，用单数原形。 2.句意：他的不良行为导致他被老师惩罚。此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，result的过去式为resulted。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 答案：1.As a result of 2.result in 解析： 1.“由于……的结果”为as a result of，句首首字母大写，故填As a result of。 2.“导致”为result in，will后接动词原形，故填result in。 8. common adj.常见的；普通的；共同的 【搭配积累】common sense（常识）；common people（普通人）；common problem（常见问题）；in common（共同的；共有的）；common mistake（常见错误） 【典型例句】 It’s common to see people take photos with their phones.（人们用手机拍照是很常见的。） They have a lot in common with each other.（他们彼此有很多共同之处。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.It’s ______ knowledge that the earth goes around the sun. A. common B. special C. rare D. strange 2.My sister and I have many hobbies in ______. A. ordinary B. common C. usual D. normal 3.Colds are very ______ in winter, so we should keep warm. A. common B. unusual C. special D. rare （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.Making spelling mistakes is ______ (common) for primary school students. 2.This kind of bird is becoming less ______ (common) because of environmental pollution. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 1.他和他的朋友有很多共同之处。(in common) He and his friend have a lot ______ ______. 2.常识告诉我们，不要在下雨天站在树下。(common sense) ______ ______ tells us not to stand under the tree on rainy days. 答案与解析 （一）单项选择 答案：1.A 2.B 3.A 解析： 1.句意：地球绕着太阳转是常识。common knowledge为固定搭配“常识”，符合句意；A项符合；B项special“特殊的”；C项rare“稀有的”；D项strange“奇怪的”，故选A。 2.句意：我和我姐姐有很多共同的爱好。in common为固定搭配“共同的、共有的”，符合句意；A项ordinary“普通的”；B项符合搭配；C项usual“通常的”；D项normal“正常的”，故选B。 3.句意：感冒在冬天很常见，所以我们应该保暖。A项common“常见的”，符合句意；B项unusual“不寻常的”；C项special“特殊的”；D项rare“稀有的”，故选A。 （二）单句填空 答案：1.common 2.common 解析： 1.句意：犯拼写错误对小学生来说很常见。is后接形容词作表语，common为形容词，用原形即可。 2.句意：由于环境污染，这种鸟变得越来越不常见了。less后接形容词原级，构成比较级，故填common。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 答案：1.in common 2.Common sense 解析： 1.“有共同之处”为have...in common，故填in common。 2.“常识”为common sense，为不可数名词短语，句首首字母大写，故填Common sense。 9. soft adj.柔软的；柔和的；温和的；轻声的 【搭配积累】soft bed（柔软的床）；soft music（轻音乐）；soft voice（轻声）；soft light（柔和的光线）；soft skin（细腻的皮肤） 【典型例句】 The teddy bear is soft and comfortable to hold.（这个泰迪熊很柔软，抱起来很舒服。） She spoke in a soft voice so as not to wake the baby.（她轻声说话，以免吵醒宝宝。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.The carpet is so ______ that I want to sit on it for a long time. A. hard B. soft C. rough D. sharp 2.We listened to ______ music to relax after a long day’s work. A. loud B. soft C. noisy D. strong 3.Her ______ smile made everyone feel warm. A. soft B. hard C. cold D. strict （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.The little girl likes touching the ______ (soft) fur of the cat. 2.The light in the room is ______ (soft), which is good for reading. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 1.这张床很柔软，睡得很舒服。(soft) This bed is very ______ and comfortable to sleep on. 2.她用温和的声音对孩子说话。(soft voice) She spoke to the child in a ______ ______. 答案与解析 （一）单项选择 答案：1.B 2.B 3.A 解析： 1.句意：这张地毯太柔软了，我想在上面坐很久。A项hard“硬的”；B项soft“柔软的”，符合句意；C项rough“粗糙的”；D项sharp“锋利的”，故选B。 2.句意：漫长的一天工作后，我们听轻音乐放松。A项loud“大声的”；B项soft“柔和的”，soft music“轻音乐”，符合句意；C项noisy“吵闹的”；D项strong“强烈的”，故选B。 3.句意：她温柔的微笑让每个人都感到温暖。A项soft“温和的、温柔的”，符合句意；B项hard“坚硬的”；C项cold“冷漠的”；D项strict“严格的”，故选A。 （二）单句填空 答案：1.soft 2.soft 解析： 1.句意：小女孩喜欢摸小猫柔软的毛。fur为名词，前用形容词修饰，soft为形容词，用原形即可。 2.句意：房间里的光线很柔和，适合阅读。is后接形容词作表语，soft为形容词，用原形。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 答案：1.soft 2.soft voice 解析： 1.此处需用形容词作表语，“柔软的”为soft，故填soft。 2.“温和的声音”为soft voice，a后接可数名词单数，故填soft voice。 10. improve v.提高；改善；改进 【搭配积累】improve sth.（提高/改善某物）；improve oneself（提升自己）；improve in（在……方面提高）；improve on/upon（改进；胜过） 【典型例句】 He practices speaking English every day to improve his pronunciation.（他每天练习说英语来提高自己的发音。） Her health has improved a lot since she started exercising.（自从开始锻炼，她的健康状况改善了很多。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.We should try our best to ______ our living conditions. A. worsen B. improve C. damage D. destroy 2.His English has ______ a lot since he went to an English-speaking country. A. improved B. fallen C. dropped D. reduced 3.She is trying to ______ her cooking skills by taking a cooking class. A. keep B. lose C. improve D. forget （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.He hopes to ______ (improve) his grades in the next exam. 2.With the help of the teacher, her writing skills have been ______ (improve) greatly. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 1.阅读是提高英语水平的好方法。(improve) Reading is a good way to ______ your English. 2.他在数学方面已经有了很大的进步。(improve in) He has ______ ______ ______ math. 答案与解析 （一）单项选择 答案：1.B 2.A 3.C 解析： 1.句意：我们应该尽力改善我们的生活条件。A项worsen“恶化”；B项improve“改善”，符合句意；C项damage“损坏”；D项destroy“摧毁”，故选B。 2.句意：自从去了英语国家，他的英语提高了很多。A项improved“提高、改善”，符合句意；B项fallen“下降”；C项dropped“下降”；D项reduced“减少”，故选A。 3.句意：她正在上烹饪课，努力提高自己的烹饪技巧。A项keep“保持”；B项lose“失去”；C项improve“提高”，符合句意；D项forget“忘记”，故选C。 （二）单句填空 答案：1.improve 2.improved 解析： 1.句意：他希望在下次考试中提高自己的成绩。hope to do sth.为固定搭配“希望做某事”，to后接动词原形，故填improve。 2.句意：在老师的帮助下，她的写作技巧有了很大的提高。此处为现在完成时的被动语态，结构为have/has been + 过去分词，improve的过去分词为improved。 （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 答案：1.improve 2.improved in 解析： 1.此处为不定式作后置定语，to后接动词原形，“提高”为improve，故填improve。 2.“在……方面提高”为improve in，根据has可知此处为现在完成时，improve的过去分词为improved，故填improved in。 11.weight n. 重量；体重；重要性；v. 重视；权衡 【搭配积累】lose weight（减肥）；gain weight（增重）；put on weight（增重，与gain weight同义）；weight loss（减肥）；attach weight to sth.（重视某事） 【典型例句】 Her weight has increased by 2 kilograms since last month.（自上个月以来，她的体重增加了2公斤。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.— What’s your ______? — I’m 50 kilograms. A. height B. weight C. age D. size 2.He has ______ a lot of weight because he eats too much junk food. A. lost B. taken C. put on D. given up 3.We should ______ the weight of his suggestion before making a decision. A. weigh B. weight C. heavy D. light （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.The ______ (weigh) of the box is 10 pounds. 5.People usually ______ (weight) the pros and cons before choosing a job. （三）根据汉语提示翻译句子 6.她为了减肥，每天坚持锻炼。（lose weight） 7.我们必须重视环境保护这个问题。（attach weight to） 答案与解析 1.B 解析：根据答语“我50公斤”，可知问句询问“体重”，A选项“身高”，C选项“年龄”，D选项“尺寸”，均不符合语境，故选B。 2.C 解析：句意“他因为吃太多垃圾食品，体重增加了很多”，put on weight 表示“增重”，符合语境；A选项“丢失”，B选项“拿走”，D选项“放弃”，均不符合句意，故选C。 3.A 解析：句意“在做决定之前，我们应该权衡他建议的重要性”，此处需用动词，weigh 是动词“权衡”，符合语境；B选项weight是名词，C选项“重的”、D选项“轻的”是形容词，均不能作谓语，故选A。 4.weight 解析：此处需填名词作主语，weigh是动词，其名词形式是weight，意为“重量”。 5.weigh 解析：此处需填动词作谓语，weight是名词，其动词形式是weigh，意为“权衡”；主语people是复数，时态为一般现在时，故填原形weigh。 6.She keeps exercising every day to lose weight. 解析：“坚持锻炼”译为keep exercising，“每天”译为every day，“为了减肥”用不定式to lose weight作目的状语，符合语法规则。 7.We must attach weight to the problem of environmental protection. 解析：“必须”译为must，后接动词原形；“重视”译为attach weight to，“环境保护问题”译为the problem of environmental protection，符合句意。 12.balanced adj.平衡的；均衡的；和谐的 【搭配积累】balanced diet（均衡饮食）；balanced life（平衡的生活）；balanced development（均衡发展）；be balanced（保持平衡） 【典型例句】 Eating a balanced diet is good for our health.（吃均衡的饮食对我们的健康有益。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.It’s important to have a ______ diet to keep healthy. A. balanced B. busy C. boring D. bad 2.The teacher tries to keep a ______ between study and rest for the students. A. balance B. balanced C. balancing D. balances 3.Her life is ______ between work and family, so she feels very happy. A. balance B. balanced C. balancing D. to balance （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.We should keep a ______ (balance) diet every day. 5.The relationship between the two countries is becoming more ______ (balance) than before. （三）根据汉语提示翻译句子 6.均衡的饮食能为我们提供足够的能量。（balanced diet） 7.我们需要在学习和娱乐之间保持平衡。（balanced） 答案与解析 1.A 解析：句意“拥有均衡的饮食来保持健康是很重要的”，balanced意为“均衡的”，符合语境；B选项“忙碌的”，C选项“无聊的”，D选项“坏的”，均不符合句意，故选A。 2.A 解析：句意“老师努力为学生在学习和休息之间保持平衡”，此处需填名词作keep的宾语，balance是名词“平衡”，符合语境；B选项是形容词，C选项是现在分词，D选项是复数形式，均不符合语法，故选A。 3.B 解析：句意“她的生活在工作和家庭之间很平衡，所以她感到很幸福”，此处需填形容词作表语，balanced是形容词“平衡的”，符合语境；A选项是名词/动词，C选项是现在分词，D选项是不定式，均不符合语法，故选B。 4.balanced 解析：此处需填形容词修饰名词diet，balance是名词/动词，其形容词形式是balanced，意为“均衡的”。 5.balanced 解析：此处需填形容词作表语，与more构成比较级，balance的形容词形式是balanced，意为“平衡的”。 6.A balanced diet can provide us with enough energy. 解析：“均衡的饮食”译为a balanced diet，“提供某人某物”译为provide sb. with sth.，“足够的能量”译为enough energy，符合语法规则。 7.We need to keep a balanced state between study and entertainment. 解析：“需要做某事”译为need to do sth.，“保持平衡状态”译为keep a balanced state，“在……和……之间”译为between...and...，“娱乐”译为entertainment，符合句意。 13.choice n.选择；抉择；选择权 【搭配积累】make a choice（做出选择）；have a choice（有选择）；no choice but to do sth.（别无选择，只能做某事）；choice of sth.（……的选择） 【典型例句】 She had no choice but to accept the invitation.（她别无选择，只能接受邀请。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.You have to ______ a choice between staying here and leaving. A. do B. make C. take D. get 2.There is no ______ but to wait for the next bus. A. choose B. choice C. choosing D. chosen 3.She has a wide ______ of books to read in the library. A. choice B. choose C. choosing D. choices （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.He made a good ______ (choose) to study abroad. 5.We have the ______ (choose) to decide our own future. （三）根据汉语提示翻译句子 6.他别无选择，只能努力学习。（no choice but to） 7.你可以自己做出选择。（make a choice） 答案与解析 1.B 解析：固定搭配make a choice，意为“做出选择”，其他选项均不能与choice构成正确搭配，故选B。 2.B 解析：句意“别无选择，只能等下一班公交车”，此处需填名词作there be句型的主语，choice是名词“选择”，符合语境；A选项是动词，C选项是现在分词，D选项是过去分词，均不符合语法，故选B。 3.A 解析：固定搭配a wide choice of，意为“种类繁多的……选择”，wide修饰名词choice，且前面有a，故用单数形式，故选A。 4.choice 解析：此处需填名词作made的宾语，choose是动词，其名词形式是choice，意为“选择”，前面有a，故填单数。 5.choice 解析：此处需填名词作have的宾语，choose的名词形式是choice，意为“选择权”，此处为不可数名词，故填原形。 6.He had no choice but to study hard. 解析：“别无选择，只能做某事”译为have no choice but to do sth.，“努力学习”译为study hard，句子时态为一般过去时，故用had。 7.You can make a choice by yourself. 解析：“可以”译为can，后接动词原形；“做出选择”译为make a choice，“自己”译为by yourself，符合句意。 14.serve v.服务；招待；提供；服役 【搭配积累】serve sb.（服务某人）；serve sth. to sb.（给某人提供某物）；serve as（担任；作为）；serve food/drinks（提供食物/饮料） 【典型例句】 The waiter served us a delicious meal.（服务员给我们端上了一顿美味的饭菜。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.The hotel ______ breakfast from 7:00 to 9:00 every morning. A. serves B. gives C. offers D. provides 2.He ______ as a teacher in this school for 10 years. A. serves B. served C. has served D. will serve 3.Could you ______ me a glass of water, please? A. serve B. take C. bring D. carry （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.The restaurant ______ (serve) different kinds of traditional food. 5.She ______ (serve) in the army for 5 years before she came here. （三）根据汉语提示翻译句子 6.这家餐厅提供各种各样的美食。（serve） 7.他在这家公司担任经理已经三年了。（serve as） 答案与解析 1.A 解析：句意“这家酒店每天早上7点到9点提供早餐”，serve强调“招待、提供（食物/服务）”，符合语境；B选项“给”，C选项“提供”，D选项“提供”，均不如serve贴合“酒店提供餐饮”的场景，故选A。 2.C 解析：句意“他在这所学校当老师已经10年了”，for 10 years是现在完成时的标志，故用has served，故选C。 3.A 解析：固定搭配serve sb. sth.，意为“给某人提供某物”，句意“请给我倒一杯水好吗？”，符合语境；B选项“拿走”，C选项“带来”，D选项“搬运”，均不符合搭配，故选A。 4.serves 解析：主语the restaurant是单数，时态为一般现在时，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式serves。 5.had served 解析：句意“她来这里之前已经在部队服役5年了”，“服役”发生在“来这里”之前，是过去的过去，用过去完成时，故填had served。 6.This restaurant serves all kinds of delicious food. 解析：“这家餐厅”译为this restaurant，主语是单数，时态为一般现在时，故用serves；“各种各样的”译为all kinds of，“美食”译为delicious food，符合句意。 7.He has served as a manager in this company for three years. 解析：“担任”译为serve as，“经理”译为manager，“已经三年了”用for three years，时态为现在完成时，故用has served。 15.be full of充满；装满 【搭配积累】be full of + 名词（充满某物）；主语通常为具体事物或抽象事物（如room, heart, life等） 【典型例句】 The room is full of sunshine.（这个房间充满了阳光。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.Her eyes ______ tears when she heard the good news. A. is full of B. are full of C. was full of D. were full of 2.The bottle ______ water, so please don’t pour any more. A. is full of B. is filled with C. full of D. A and B 3.The park ______ people on weekends. A. is full with B. is full of C. full of D. fills with （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.The classroom ______ (be) full of students now. 5.His heart ______ (be) full of hope when he started the new job. （三）根据汉语提示翻译句子 6.这个盒子里装满了书。（be full of） 7.她的生活充满了欢乐。（be full of） 答案与解析 1.D 解析：主语her eyes是复数，时态为一般过去时（heard为过去式），故用were full of，故选D。 2.D 解析：be full of 和be filled with 均表示“充满、装满”，可互换，句意“瓶子里装满了水，所以请不要再倒了”，A和B均符合语境，故选D。 3.B 解析：固定搭配be full of，意为“充满”，A选项搭配错误（应为full of），C选项缺少be动词，D选项搭配错误（应为be filled with），故选B。 4.is 解析：主语the classroom是单数，时态为一般现在时（now为标志），故填is。 5.was 解析：主语his heart是单数，时态为一般过去时（started为过去式），故填was。 6.This box is full of books. 解析：“这个盒子”译为this box，主语是单数，时态为一般现在时，故用is；“书”译为books，用复数形式，符合句意。 7.Her life is full of joy. 解析：“她的生活”译为her life，主语是单数，时态为一般现在时，故用is；“欢乐”译为joy，为不可数名词，符合句意。 16.go with与……相配；伴随；和……一起去 【搭配积累】go with sth.（与某物相配）；go with sb.（和某人一起去）；go well with（与……很相配） 【典型例句】 This shirt goes well with your pants.（这件衬衫和你的裤子很相配。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.Which pair of shoes ______ this dress? A. goes with B. goes for C. goes on D. goes up 2.I will ______ you to the park this afternoon. A. go along B. go with C. go to D. go for 3.Happiness often ______ hard work. A. goes with B. goes away C. goes out D. goes off （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.This tie ______ (go) well with your suit. 5.She often ______ (go) with her mother to the supermarket on weekends. （三）根据汉语提示翻译句子 6.这条裙子和那双红色的鞋子很相配。（go with） 7.他将和他的朋友一起去参加聚会。（go with） 答案与解析 1.A 解析：句意“哪双鞋和这条裙子相配？”，go with意为“与……相配”，符合语境；B选项“争取”，C选项“继续”，D选项“上升”，均不符合句意，故选A。 2.B 解析：句意“今天下午我将和你一起去公园”，go with sb.意为“和某人一起去”，符合语境；A选项“前进”，C选项“去……”，D选项“追求”，均不符合句意，故选B。 3.A 解析：句意“幸福往往伴随着努力工作”，go with意为“伴随”，符合语境；B选项“离开”，C选项“出去”，D选项“响起”，均不符合句意，故选A。 4.goes 解析：主语this tie是单数，时态为一般现在时，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式goes。 5.goes 解析：主语she是单数，时态为一般现在时，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式goes。 6.This skirt goes well with that pair of red shoes. 解析：“这条裙子”译为this skirt，主语是单数，用goes；“很相配”译为goes well with；“那双红色的鞋子”译为that pair of red shoes，符合句意。 7.He will go with his friend to the party. 解析：“将”译为will，后接动词原形go；“和他的朋友一起”译为go with his friend；“参加聚会”译为to the party，符合句意。 17.too much太多；过多（修饰不可数名词，或作状语修饰动词） 【搭配积累】too much + 不可数名词（太多某物）；修饰动词时，置于动词之后 【典型例句】 Don’t drink too much coffee. It’s bad for your sleep.（不要喝太多咖啡，这对你的睡眠不好。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.She eats ______ sugar, so she often has toothaches. A. too many B. too much C. much too D. many too 2.He doesn’t like to talk ______; he is a quiet boy. A. too much B. too many C. much too D. many too 3.______ work makes him feel tired every day. A. Too many B. Too much C. Much too D. Many too （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.Don’t spend ______ (much) time playing computer games. 5.He drinks ______ (much) water, so he doesn’t feel thirsty. （三）根据汉语提示翻译句子 6.不要吃太多垃圾食品。（too much） 7.他每天看电视太多了。（too much） 答案与解析 1.B 解析：sugar是不可数名词，too much修饰不可数名词，意为“太多”；A选项修饰可数名词复数，C选项修饰形容词/副词，D选项无此搭配，故选B。 2.A 解析：此处修饰动词talk，too much可作状语修饰动词，置于动词之后，意为“太多”；B选项修饰可数名词复数，C选项修饰形容词/副词，D选项无此搭配，故选A。 3.B 解析：work是不可数名词，too much修饰不可数名词，意为“太多”；A选项修饰可数名词复数，C选项修饰形容词/副词，D选项无此搭配，故选B。 4.too much 解析：句意“不要花太多时间玩电脑游戏”，time是不可数名词，用too much修饰，意为“太多”。 5.too much 解析：句意“他喝了太多水，所以不觉得渴”，water是不可数名词，用too much修饰，意为“太多”。 6.Don’t eat too much junk food. 解析：“不要做某事”译为don’t do sth.，“吃”译为eat，“太多”译为too much，“垃圾食品”译为junk food（不可数名词），符合句意。 7.He watches TV too much every day. 解析：“看电视”译为watch TV，主语he是单数，时态为一般现在时，故用watches；“太多”译为too much，置于动词之后，符合语法规则。 18. put on穿上；戴上；增重；上演 【搭配积累】put on + 衣物/饰品（穿上/戴上某物）；put on weight（增重）；put on a play（上演戏剧） 【典型例句】 Put on your coat. It’s cold outside.（穿上你的外套，外面很冷。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.It’s raining. Please ______ your raincoat. A. put off B. put on C. take off D. take on 2.He has ______ weight since he stopped exercising. A. put on B. put off C. taken off D. taken on 3.The school will ______ a new play next month. A. put off B. put on C. put up D. put down （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.She ______ (put) on her hat and went out. 5.He ______ (put) on 5 kilograms in the past three months. （三）根据汉语提示翻译句子 6.请穿上你的鞋子，我们要出发了。（put on） 7.他因为吃太多，增重了很多。（put on weight） 答案与解析 1.B 解析：句意“下雨了，请穿上你的雨衣”，put on意为“穿上”，符合语境；A选项“推迟”，C选项“脱下”，D选项“承担”，均不符合句意，故选B。 2.A 解析：固定搭配put on weight，意为“增重”，句意“自从他停止锻炼后，体重增加了”，符合语境；B选项“推迟”，C选项“脱下；起飞”，D选项“承担”，均不符合句意，故选A。 3.B 解析：句意“学校下个月将上演一部新剧”，put on意为“上演”，符合语境；A选项“推迟”，C选项“张贴”，D选项“放下”，均不符合句意，故选B。 4.put 解析：and连接两个并列谓语，went是过去式，故put也用过去式（put的过去式与原形一致）。 5.has put 解析：in the past three months是现在完成时的标志，主语he是单数，故填has put。 6.Please put on your shoes. We are going to set off. 解析：“请做某事”译为please do sth.，“穿上你的鞋子”译为put on your shoes；“我们要出发了”译为we are going to set off，符合句意。 7.He has put on a lot of weight because he eats too much. 解析：“增重很多”译为put on a lot of weight，“因为”译为because，引导原因状语从句；“吃太多”译为eats too much，时态为现在完成时，故用has put。 19. too...to...太……而不能……（表示否定含义，即“达不到某种程度”） 【搭配积累】too + 形容词/副词 + to do sth.（太……而不能做某事）；可转换为so...that...（如此……以至于……）的否定句 【典型例句】 The box is too heavy to carry.（这个盒子太重了，搬不动。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.The child is ______ young ______ go to school. A. too; to B. so; that C. such; that D. enough; to 2.This book is ______ difficult ______ I can’t understand it. A. too; to B. so; that C. too; that D. so; to 3.He runs ______ fast ______ catch up with him. A. too; to B. so; that C. such; that D. enough; to （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.The water is too hot ______ (drink). 5.She is too busy ______ (go) to the cinema with us. （三）根据汉语提示翻译句子 6.他太矮了，够不到书架上的书。（too...to...） 7.这个问题太难了，我解决不了。（too...to...） 答案与解析 1.A 解析：句意“这个孩子太小了，不能去上学”，too...to...表示“太……而不能……”，符合语境；B和C选项后接从句，D选项enough需置于形容词/副词之后，故选A。 2.B 解析：句意“这本书太难了，我看不懂”，so...that...表示“如此……以至于……”，后接从句，符合语境；A选项too...to...后接动词原形，C和D选项搭配错误，故选B。 3.A 解析：句意“他跑得太快了，（我）追不上他”，too...to...表示“太……而不能……”，后接动词原形catch up with，符合语境；B和C选项后接从句，D选项enough位置错误，故选A。 4.to drink 解析：too...to...句型中，to后接动词原形，意为“太……而不能做某事”，故填to drink。 5.to go 解析：too...to...句型中，to后接动词原形，意为“太……而不能做某事”，故填to go。 6.He is too short to reach the books on the bookshelf. 解析：“太矮了”译为too short，“够不到”译为to reach，“书架上的书”译为the books on the bookshelf，符合too...to...句型要求。 7.This problem is too difficult to solve. 解析：“这个问题”译为this problem，“太难了”译为too difficult，“解决”译为to solve，符合too...to...句型要求。 20. focus on集中注意力于；聚焦于 【搭配积累】focus on + 名词/动名词（集中注意力于某事/做某事）；focus one’s attention on sth.（把某人的注意力集中在某事上） 【典型例句】 We should focus on our study in class.（我们在课堂上应该集中注意力学习。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.Please ______ your attention on the teacher’s words. A. focus B. put C. pay D. take 2.She always ______ her work, so she does it very well. A. focuses on B. focuses in C. focuses at D. focuses with 3.We need to ______ solving the problem instead of complaining. A. focus on B. look on C. depend on D. live on （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.He ______ (focus) on his homework when his mother came in. 5.We should ______ (focus) our attention on protecting the environment. （三）根据汉语提示翻译句子 6.学生们应该把注意力集中在学习上。（focus on） 7.我们需要聚焦于这个项目的细节。（focus on） 答案与解析 1.A 解析：固定搭配focus one’s attention on sth.，意为“把某人的注意力集中在某事上”，其他选项均不能与attention构成此搭配，故选A。 2.A 解析：固定搭配focus on，意为“集中注意力于”，其他选项搭配错误，句意“她总是专注于她的工作，所以她做得很好”，故选A。 3.A 解析：句意“我们需要集中精力解决问题，而不是抱怨”，focus on意为“集中注意力于”，符合语境；B选项“旁观”，C选项“依靠”，D选项“以……为生”，均不符合句意，故选A。 4.was focusing 解析：句意“当他妈妈进来时，他正专注于他的家庭作业”，when引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时，故填was focusing。 5.focus 解析：should后接动词原形，故填focus，focus one’s attention on sth.意为“把注意力集中在某事上”。 6.Students should focus on their study. 解析：“学生们”译为students，“应该”译为should，后接动词原形focus；“注意力集中在学习上”译为focus on their study，符合句意。 7.We need to focus on the details of this project. 解析：“需要做某事”译为need to do sth.，“聚焦于”译为focus on，“这个项目的细节”译为the details of this project，符合句意。 21. after all毕竟；终究；归根结底（用于解释或安慰，强调事实） 【搭配积累】通常置于句首、句中或句末，作状语；可用于肯定句或否定句，强调“尽管有前面的情况，但事实终究是这样” 【典型例句】 He is still a child after all. We should forgive him.（他毕竟还是个孩子，我们应该原谅他。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.______, he is new here. He doesn’t know the rules. A. After all B. At all C. In all D. All in all 2.Don’t be too strict with her. She is only 10 years old, ______. A. at all B. after all C. in all D. all over 3.He failed the exam, but ______, he tried his best. A. after all B. at all C. above all D. first of all （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.______ (after) all, he is your father. You should respect him. 5.She is not good at singing, but ______ (after) all, she tried her best. （三）根据汉语提示翻译句子 6.毕竟，他是我们的朋友，我们应该帮助他。（after all） 7.不要太生气，毕竟他不是故意的。（after all） 答案与解析 1.A 解析：句意“毕竟，他是新来的，他不知道规则”，after all意为“毕竟”，符合语境；B选项“根本”，C选项“总共”，D选项“总而言之”，均不符合句意，故选A。 2.B 解析：句意“不要对她太严格，她毕竟只有10岁”，after all意为“毕竟”，用于安慰，符合语境；A选项“根本”，C选项“总共”，D选项“到处”，均不符合句意，故选B。 3.A 解析：句意“他考试不及格，但毕竟他尽力了”，after all意为“毕竟”，用于解释事实，符合语境；B选项“根本”，C选项“首先”，D选项“首先”，均不符合句意，故选A。 4.After 解析：固定短语after all，意为“毕竟”，句首首字母大写，故填After。 5.after 解析：固定短语after all，意为“毕竟”，置于句中，故填after。 6.After all, he is our friend. We should help him. 解析：“毕竟”译为after all，句首首字母大写；“我们的朋友”译为our friend，“帮助他”译为help him，符合句意。 7.Don’t be too angry. After all, he didn’t do it on purpose. 解析：“不要太生气”译为don’t be too angry；“毕竟”译为after all；“不是故意的”译为didn’t do it on purpose，符合句意。 ◇Part 03 词汇强化训练 提｜升｜练｜习 请从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1. —What’s your favorite vegetable? —I like ______ best. A. mutton B. cabbage C. coffee D. cookie 2. My mother often cooks ______ for dinner. It’s very delicious. A. dumpling B. dumplings C. onion D. onions 3. —Would you like some ______? It’s hot and sweet. A. porridge B. salad C. coffee D. strawberry 4. There is some ______ in the bowl. It’s made from beans. A. soup B. mutton C. pork D. bread 5. —Can I help you, sir? —Yes, I want a bowl of noodles with ______ and cabbage. A. beef B. apple C. sugar D. salt 6. This ______ tastes very good. I want another one. A. waiter B. dish C. meal D. menu 7. —What do you usually have for ______? —I have milk and bread. A. breakfast B. dish C. customer D. habit 8. The ______ in the restaurant is very kind. She always helps customers with their orders. A. waiter B. waitress C. sir D. customer 9. —May I see the ______, please? I want to order some food. A. menu B. dish C. meal D. article 10. Eating too much ______ is bad for your health. It has too much fat. A. fruit B. vegetables C. fast food D. porridge 11. —How does the cake ______? —It’s sweet and soft. A. look B. taste C. smell D. feel 12. Is there ______ delicious in the fridge? I’m hungry. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 13. My father has a good ______. He gets up early every morning. A. habit B. result C. energy D. choice 14. Drinking too much soft drink is ______ your teeth. A. good for B. bad for C. full of D. busy with 15. We should eat a ______ diet to keep healthy. A. balanced B. common C. poor D. soft 16. —What’s your ______ between tea and coffee? —I like tea better. A. choose B. choice C. service D. improvement 17. The restaurant ______ nice food for all the customers. A. serves B. chooses C. causes D. improves 18. I’m ______. Can I have a glass of water? A. hungry B. tired C. thirsty D. sleepy 19. There are many kinds of fruits on the table, like apples, ______ and strawberries. A. beef B. pork C. pears D. onions 20. —Welcome ______ our new restaurant! —Thank you very much. A. to B. in C. on D. at 21. The basket is ______ apples. They are fresh. A. full of B. good for C. bad for D. far from 22. My mother often makes ______ for me. It’s my favorite soup. A. fish soup B. hot pot C. fruit salad D. beef noodles 23. —What ______ going to the park this weekend? —Good idea! A. about B. for C. with D. to 24. Don’t eat ______ sugar. It’s not good for you. A. too many B. too much C. much too D. many too 25. If you eat too much, you will ______ weight easily. A. put on B. put off C. put up D. put down 26. Eating fast food too often may ______ heart problems. A. improve B. cause C. serve D. balance 27. We should ______ focus on our studies when we are in class. A. not B. never C. always D. sometimes 28. —______ you like some dumplings? —Yes, please. A. Do B. Does C. Would D. Are 29. —Do you have anything ______ tofu? —Yes, we have tofu soup. A. with B. for C. in D. on 30. Which soup would you like, ______ or fish soup? A. chicken soup B. beef noodles C. apple juice D. strawberry cake 31. It’s too cold outside. You’d better keep ______ from the cold. A. you B. your C. yourself D. yours 32. There are all kinds of ______ in the shop. You can choose what you like. A. food B. book C. pen D. bag 33. —I’m too busy ______ my homework to watch TV. —That’s a good habit. A. do B. doing C. to do D. did 34. After all, he is a child. We should be kind to him. What’s the meaning of “after all”here？ A. 毕竟 B. 总之 C. 然而 D. 因此 35. She wants to ______ her English. So she reads English every morning. A. improve B. cause C. weigh D. balance 36. The meat is too ______. I don’t like it. A. soft B. salty C. sweet D. delicious 37. —How much does this box ______? —It’s about 2 kilos. A. weight B. weigh C. heavy D. light 38. In future, I will eat more vegetables and less fast food. What’s the meaning of “in future”here？ A. 现在 B. 过去 C. 今后 D. 曾经 39. —What kind of food do you dislike? —I dislike ______ because it’s too spicy. A. porridge B. hot pot C. milk D. bread 40. —What do you usually have for breakfast? —______. A. I have rice and fish for lunch B. I have milk and eggs C. I don’t like breakfast D. I eat dinner at 7 pm 答案与解析 1. B 【解析】句意“你最喜欢的蔬菜是什么？”，选项中只有cabbage（卷心菜）是蔬菜；mutton（羊肉）、coffee（咖啡）、cookie（曲奇饼）均不是蔬菜。 2. B 【解析】dumpling（饺子）是可数名词，此处表泛指，应用复数形式dumplings；onion（洋葱）不符合句意，且此处也需用复数，故排除。 3. C 【解析】句意“你想喝点咖啡吗？它又热又甜”，coffee（咖啡）符合“热且甜”的描述；porridge（粥）、salad（沙拉）、strawberry（草莓）均不满足“热”的特点。 4. A 【解析】句意“碗里有一些汤，它是用豆子做的”，soup（汤）符合语境；mutton（羊肉）、pork（猪肉）、bread（面包）均不能用豆子制作。 5. A 【解析】句意“我想要一碗牛肉卷心菜面条”，beef（牛肉）可与cabbage搭配作面条的配料；apple（苹果）、sugar（糖）、salt（盐）不符合句意。 6. B 【解析】句意“这道菜尝起来很好吃，我想再要一份”，dish（一道菜）符合语境；waiter（男服务员）、meal（一餐）、menu（菜单）均不符合句意。 7. A 【解析】句意“你早餐通常吃什么？”，breakfast（早餐）符合语境；dish（一道菜）、customer（顾客）、habit（习惯）均不符合句意。 8. B 【解析】根据“she”可知，此处指女性服务员，waitress（女服务员）符合；waiter（男服务员）、sir（先生）、customer（顾客）均不符合语境。 9. A 【解析】句意“我可以看一下菜单吗？我想点些食物”，menu（菜单）是点餐时需要看的；dish（一道菜）、meal（一餐）、article（文章）均不符合。 10. C 【解析】句意“吃太多快餐对你的健康有害，它含有太多脂肪”，fast food（快餐）符合语境；fruit（水果）、vegetables（蔬菜）、porridge（粥）均是健康食物。 11. B 【解析】根据答语“它又甜又软”可知，此处询问“蛋糕尝起来怎么样”，taste（尝起来）符合；look（看起来）、smell（闻起来）、feel（摸起来）均不符合。 12. B 【解析】句意“冰箱里有什么好吃的吗？我饿了”，anything（任何事物）用于疑问句中；something（某事物）用于肯定句，nothing（没有东西）、everything（一切）不符合语境。 13. A 【解析】句意“我爸爸有一个好习惯，他每天早上起得很早”，habit（习惯）符合语境；result（结果）、energy（能量）、choice（选择）均不符合。 14. B 【解析】句意“喝太多软饮料对你的牙齿有害”，be bad for（对……有害）符合语境；be good for（对……有益）、be full of（充满）、be busy with（忙于）均不符合。 15. A 【解析】句意“我们应该吃均衡的饮食来保持健康”，balanced（均衡的）符合语境；common（普通的）、poor（不好的）、soft（柔软的）均不符合。 16. B 【解析】句意“在茶和咖啡之间，你的选择是什么？”，choice（选择，名词）符合空格前的your（形容词性物主代词）；choose（选择，动词）、service（服务）、improvement（改进）均不符合。 17. A 【解析】句意“这家餐厅为所有顾客提供美味的食物”，serves（提供，服务）符合语境；chooses（选择）、causes（导致）、improves（改进）均不符合。 18. C 【解析】根据“我可以喝一杯水吗？”可知，此处指“我渴了”，thirsty（渴的）符合；hungry（饿的）、tired（累的）、sleepy（困的）均不符合。 19. C 【解析】句意“桌子上有很多种水果，比如苹果、梨和草莓”，pears（梨）是水果；beef（牛肉）、pork（猪肉）、onions（洋葱）均不是水果。 20. A 【解析】固定搭配welcome to...（欢迎来到……），其余介词in、on、at均不能与welcome搭配。 21. A 【解析】句意“篮子里装满了苹果，它们很新鲜”，be full of（充满）符合语境；be good for（对……有益）、be bad for（对……有害）、be far from（远离）均不符合。 22. A 【解析】根据“它是我最喜欢的汤”可知，此处指汤类，fish soup（鱼汤）符合；hot pot（火锅）、fruit salad（水果沙拉）、beef noodles（牛肉面条）均不是汤。 23. A 【解析】固定搭配what about doing sth.（做某事怎么样），用于提出建议，其余介词for、with、to均不符合搭配。 24. B 【解析】sugar（糖）是不可数名词，too much（太多）修饰不可数名词；too many（太多）修饰可数名词复数，much too（太）修饰形容词/副词，many too无此搭配。 25. A 【解析】句意“如果你吃太多，你很容易增重”，put on weight（增重）是固定短语；put off（推迟）、put up（举起）、put down（放下）均不符合。 26. B 【解析】句意“经常吃快餐可能会导致心脏病”，cause（导致）符合语境；improve（改进）、serve（提供）、balance（保持平衡）均不符合。 27. C 【解析】句意“当我们在课堂上时，我们应该总是专注于我们的学习”，always（总是）符合语境；not（不）、never（从不）、sometimes（有时）均不符合句意。 28. C 【解析】固定句型Would you like sth.?（你想要某物吗？），用于礼貌询问，其余助动词Do、Does、Are均不符合句型。 29. A 【解析】句意“你们有带豆腐的东西吗？”，with（带有）符合语境；for（为了）、in（在……里面）、on（在……上面）均不符合。 30. A 【解析】句意“你想要哪种汤，鸡汤还是鱼汤？”，chicken soup（鸡汤）与fish soup（鱼汤）对应，均为汤类；beef noodles（牛肉面条）、apple juice（苹果汁）、strawberry cake（草莓蛋糕）均不是汤。 31. C 【解析】固定搭配keep oneself from...（使自己远离……），此处主语是you，反身代词用yourself；you（你）、your（你的）、yours（你的）均不符合搭配。 32. A 【解析】句意“商店里有各种各样的食物，你可以选择你喜欢的”，all kinds of（各种各样的）后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，food（食物，不可数）符合；book（书）、pen（钢笔）、bag（书包）均为可数名词，需用复数，故排除。 33. C 【解析】固定句型too...to...（太……以至于不能……），此处指“我太忙了，没时间看电视”，to do符合句型结构；do（动词原形）、doing（动名词）、did（过去式）均不符合。 34. A 【解析】after all的中文意思是“毕竟”，其余选项“总之”“然而”“因此”均不是其正确释义。 35. A 【解析】句意“她想提高她的英语，所以她每天早上读英语”，improve（提高，改进）符合语境；cause（导致）、weigh（称重量）、balance（保持平衡）均不符合。 36. B 【解析】句意“这肉太咸了，我不喜欢”，salty（咸的）符合语境；soft（柔软的）、sweet（甜的）、delicious（美味的）均不符合句意。 37. B 【解析】句意“这个盒子重多少？”，weigh（称重量，动词）符合空格前的助动词does，后接动词原形；weight（重量，名词）、heavy（重的，形容词）、light（轻的，形容词）均不符合。 38. C 【解析】in future的中文意思是“今后”，其余选项“现在”“过去”“曾经”均不是其正确释义。 39. B 【解析】句意“你不喜欢哪种食物？——我不喜欢火锅，因为它太辣了”，hot pot（火锅）通常偏辣，符合语境；porridge（粥）、milk（牛奶）、bread（面包）均不辣。 40. B 【解析】问句询问“你早餐通常吃什么？”，答语需回答早餐食物，B选项“我喝牛奶、吃鸡蛋”符合；A选项回答午餐，C选项“我不喜欢早餐”、D选项回答晚餐，均不符合语境。 $2025-2026学年下学期七年级英语单元知识基础巩固(人教版2024) Unit 4 Eat Well 词汇讲练 目录 第一部分 单元词汇背默锁定基础 高效学习 第二部分 核心词汇讲练用法精析 变式巩固 第三部分 词汇强化训练深度优化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 单元词汇清单 Unit 4 词汇与短语背诵清单 ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 I.核心单词 1.卷心菜n.　　　 cabbage 2.羊肉n. mutton 3.曲奇饼n. cookie 4.洋葱;葱头n. onion 5.饺子n. dumpling 6.咖啡 n. coffee 7.豆 n. bean 8.沙拉;色拉n. salad 9.粥;麦片粥n. porridge 10.(男)服务员 n. waiter 11.有……味道;尝 v.味道 n. taste 12.某事物;任何事物 pron. anything 13.一道菜;盘n. dish 14.一餐所吃的食物;早(午、晚)餐 n. meal 15.猪肉n. pork 16.草莓n. strawberry 17.菜单n. menu 18.顾客 n. customer 19.女服务员 n. waitress 20.先生 n. sir 21.习惯 n.　　　　　　 habit 22.脂肪n.肥胖的 adj. fat 23.汉堡包 n. hamburger 24.造成;导致 v. cause 25.心脏;中心 n. heart 26.能量;精力 n. energy 27.在别处 adv. away 28.不好的;贫穷的;可怜的 adj. poor 29.后果;结果n. result 30.文章;冠词 n. article 31.普通的;普遍的 adj. common 32.在……之中;……之一prep. among 33.柔和的;柔软的 adj. soft 34.渴的 adj. thirsty 35.improve v.改进;改善 →improvement n.改进;改善 36.salt n. 盐→salty adj.咸的 37.weight n.体重;重量→weigh v.称重量 38.balanced adj.均衡的;平衡的→balance v.保持平衡 39.choice n.选择→choose v.选择 40.serve v. 提供;服务→service n.选择 41.梨 n. pear 42.糖n. sugar II.重点短语 1.牛肉胡萝卜水饺　 beef and carrot dumplings  2.西瓜汁 watermelon juice  3.牛肉卷心菜面条 noodles with beef and cabbage  4.炸鱼薯条 fish and chips  5.欢迎来…… welcome to  6.充满 be full of  7.鱼汤 fish soup  8.火锅 hot pot  9.搭配 go with  10.太多 too much  11.快餐　　　　　　　　　fast food  12.增加 put on   13.心脏病 heart problem   14.太……以至于不能 too...to... 15.专注于;关注 focus on   16.毕竟;究竟 after all   17.远离 keep...away 18.健康饮食 healthy eating   19.各种各样的 all kinds of   20.软饮料(不含酒精) soft drink   21.对……有害 be bad for   22.今后 in future   Unit 4 词汇与短语默写清单 I.核心单词 1.卷心菜n.　　　____________ 2.羊肉n. ____________ 3.曲奇饼n. ____________ 4.洋葱;葱头n. ____________ 5.饺子n. ____________ 6.咖啡 n. ____________ 7.豆 n. ____________ 8.沙拉;色拉n. ____________ 9.粥;麦片粥n. ____________ 10.(男)服务员 n. ____________ 11.有……味道;尝 v.味道 n. ____________ 12.某事物;任何事物 pron. ____________ 13.一道菜;盘n. ____________ 14.一餐所吃的食物;早(午、晚)餐 n. ____________ 15.猪肉n. ____________ 16.草莓n. ____________ 17.菜单n. ____________ 18.顾客 n. ____________ 19.女服务员 n. ____________ 20.先生 n. ____________ 21.习惯 n.　　　　____________ 22.脂肪n.肥胖的 adj. ____________ 23.汉堡包 n. ____________ 24.造成;导致 v. ____________ 25.心脏;中心 n. ____________ 26.能量;精力 n. ____________ 27.在别处 adv. ____________ 28.不好的;贫穷的;可怜的 adj. ____________ 29.后果;结果n. ____________ 30.文章;冠词 n. ____________ 31.普通的;普遍的 adj. ____________ 32.在……之中;……之一prep.____________ 33.柔和的;柔软的 adj. ____________ 34.渴的 adj. ____________ 35.improve v.改进;改善 →____________ n.改进;改善 36.salt n. 盐→____________ adj.咸的 37.weight n.体重;重量→____________ v.称重量 38.balanced adj.均衡的;平衡的→____________ v.保持平衡 39.choice n.选择→____________ v.选择 40.serve v. 提供;服务→____________ n.选择 41.梨 n. ____________ 42.糖n. ____________ II.重点短语 1.牛肉胡萝卜水饺　 ____________ 2.西瓜汁 ____________ 3.牛肉卷心菜面条 ____________ 4.炸鱼薯条 ____________ 5.欢迎来…… ____________ 6.充满 ____________ 7.鱼汤 ____________ 8.火锅 ____________ 9.搭配 ____________ 10.太多 ____________ 11.快餐　　　　　　　　　____________ 12.增加 ____________   13.心脏病 ____________   14.太……以至于不能 ____________ 15.专注于;关注 ____________   16.毕竟;究竟 ____________   17.远离 ____________ 18.健康饮食 ____________   19.各种各样的 ____________   20.软饮料(不含酒精) ____________   21.对……有害 ____________   22.今后 ____________   ◇Part 02 核心词汇讲练 1.habit n.习惯；习性 【搭配积累】form a habit（养成习惯）；break a habit（改掉习惯）；good habit（好习惯）；bad habit（坏习惯）；daily habit（日常习惯） 【典型例句】 She has a habit of drinking a glass of warm water every morning.（她有每天早上喝一杯温水的习惯。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.He has a ______ of smoking after meals, which is harmful to his health. A. hobby B. habit C. custom D. practice 2.It’s hard to ______ the habit of staying up late once you get used to it. A. break B. form C. develop D. keep 3.Reading English every morning is a good ______ that helps improve your pronunciation. A. way B. method C. habit D. rule （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.My little sister is trying to form a good ______ (habit) of tidying her room. 2.He used to have a bad habit of ______ (eat) too much junk food. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 1.养成每天锻炼的习惯对我们的身体有好处。(form a habit) It’s good for our health to ______ ______ ______ of exercising every day. 2.他已经改掉了上课迟到的坏习惯。(break a habit) He has ______ ______ ______ of being late for class. 2.cause v. 引起；导致；使发生；n. 原因；起因；事业；目标 【搭配积累】v. cause sth.（引起某事）；cause sb. to do sth.（导致某人做某事）；n. cause of sth.（某事的原因）；fight for a cause（为一项事业而奋斗） 【典型例句】 v. The heavy rain caused the flood in this area.（暴雨导致了这个地区的洪水。） n. What is the main cause of the accident?（这起事故的主要原因是什么？） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.The bad weather ______ many flights to be canceled yesterday. A. made B. caused C. let D. had 2.Smoking is one of the main ______ of lung cancer. A. reasons B. causes C. results D. effects 3.He devotes all his life to the ______ of helping poor children get an education. A. cause B. reason C. purpose D. goal （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.The carelessness of the driver ______ (cause) the serious traffic accident last week. 2.Stress can ______ (cause) a lot of health problems if we don’t deal with it properly. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 1.什么导致他改变了主意？(cause sb. to do sth.) What ______ ______ ______ ______ his mind? 2.环境污染是全球变暖的主要原因之一。(cause of) Environmental pollution is one of the main ______ ______ global warming. 3.heart n.心脏；内心；核心；勇气 【搭配积累】heart disease（心脏病）；in one’s heart（在某人内心深处）；lose heart（灰心）；take heart（鼓起勇气）；heart and soul（全心全意地） 【典型例句】 She has a kind heart and always helps others.（她心地善良，总是帮助别人。） His heart is full of hope for the future.（他的内心充满了对未来的希望。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.Don’t lose ______ when you meet difficulties; you will succeed sooner or later. A. heart B. mind C. hope D. courage 2.My grandmother has been suffering from ______ for many years. A. head B. heart C. heart disease D. headache 3.He loves his country ______ and is willing to devote everything to it. A. heart and soul B. hand in hand C. step by step D. day by day （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.The doctor said his ______ (heart) is in good condition after the check-up. 2.She put her hand on her ______ (heart) and said she would never forget this moment. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 1.在我内心深处，我知道他是对的。(in one’s heart) ______ ______ ______ ______, I know he is right. 2.听到这个好消息，他鼓起勇气继续努力。(take heart) Hearing the good news, he ______ ______ and kept working hard. 4. energy n.能量；精力；活力；能源 【搭配积累】save energy（节约能源）；have energy（有精力）；energy conservation（节能）；physical energy（体力）；mental energy（脑力） 【典型例句】 She has plenty of energy to finish all the work today.（她有足够的精力完成今天所有的工作。） Solar energy is a kind of clean and renewable energy.（太阳能是一种清洁、可再生的能源。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.After a good rest, he got back his ______ and continued working. A. energy B. strength C. power D. force 2.We should try our best to ______ energy to protect our environment. A. waste B. save C. use D. lose 3.Wind ______ is becoming more and more popular in many countries. A. power B. energy C. strength D. force （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.He doesn’t have enough ______ (energy) to go out with us tonight because he worked all day. 2.Using clean ______ (energy) is important for reducing air pollution. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 1.他总是充满活力，好像永远不会累。(have energy) He is always full of ______ and never seems to get tired. 2.我们应该养成节约能源的好习惯。(save energy) We should form a good habit of ______ ______. 5. away adv.离开；远离；消失；不在 【搭配积累】go away（走开；离开）；put away（收好；放好）；take away（拿走；带走）；run away（逃跑）；far away（遥远的） 【典型例句】 She walked away without saying a word.（她一句话也没说就走开了。） My hometown is far away from the city.（我的家乡离城市很远。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.Please ______ your toys away after you finish playing with them. A. put B. take C. go D. run 2.The little boy ran ______ when he saw his angry father. A. away B. out C. in D. up 3.My best friend moved ______ last year, so we can only keep in touch by phone. A. far B. away C. out D. off （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.When the teacher came in, all the students went ______ (away) quietly. 2.He took the old books ______ (away) and threw them into the dustbin. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 1.请把这些垃圾拿走。(take away) Please ______ ______ these rubbish. 2.他已经离开家乡很多年了。(be away) He has ______ ______ from his hometown for many years. 6. poor adj.贫穷的；可怜的；差的；劣质的 【搭配积累】poor people（穷人）；poor health（健康状况差）；poor quality（质量差）；be poor in（在……方面差）；feel poor（觉得可怜） 【典型例句】 Many people in the village are still poor.（村里还有很多人很贫穷。） His English is poor, so he needs to practice more.（他的英语很差，所以需要多练习。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.The family is too ______ to afford a new house. A. rich B. poor C. happy D. sad 2.He did ______ in the exam because he didn’t study hard. A. good B. well C. poor D. badly 3.The food in this restaurant is of ______ quality, so few people come here. A. good B. poor C. high D. excellent （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.She felt ______ (poor) for the little boy who had no parents. 2.His performance in the game was ______ (poor) than expected, so his team lost. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 1.这个地区的穷人得到了政府的帮助。(poor people) The ______ ______ in this area got help from the government. 2.他在数学方面很差，需要找个家教。(be poor in) He ______ ______ ______ math and needs to find a tutor. 7. result n. 结果；后果；成绩；v. 导致；结果是 【搭配积累】n. as a result（结果）；as a result of（由于……的结果）；the result of sth.（某事的结果）；v. result in（导致）；result from（由……引起） 【典型例句】 n. He worked hard, and as a result, he passed the exam.（他努力学习，结果通过了考试。） v. His carelessness resulted in the mistake.（他的粗心导致了这个错误。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.He didn’t study hard, and ______ a result, he failed the exam. A. as B. for C. in D. with 2.The ______ of the competition will be announced tomorrow. A. cause B. result C. reason D. effect 3.The accident ______ from his drunk driving. A. resulted B. caused C. made D. led （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.What is the ______ (result) of your discussion yesterday? 2.His bad behavior ______ (result) in his being punished by the teacher. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 1.由于下雨，我们不得不取消野餐。(as a result of) ______ ______ ______ ______ the rain, we had to cancel the picnic. 2.努力工作会带来好的结果。(result in) Hard work will ______ ______ good results. 8. common adj.常见的；普通的；共同的 【搭配积累】common sense（常识）；common people（普通人）；common problem（常见问题）；in common（共同的；共有的）；common mistake（常见错误） 【典型例句】 It’s common to see people take photos with their phones.（人们用手机拍照是很常见的。） They have a lot in common with each other.（他们彼此有很多共同之处。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.It’s ______ knowledge that the earth goes around the sun. A. common B. special C. rare D. strange 2.My sister and I have many hobbies in ______. A. ordinary B. common C. usual D. normal 3.Colds are very ______ in winter, so we should keep warm. A. common B. unusual C. special D. rare （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.Making spelling mistakes is ______ (common) for primary school students. 2.This kind of bird is becoming less ______ (common) because of environmental pollution. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 1.他和他的朋友有很多共同之处。(in common) He and his friend have a lot ______ ______. 2.常识告诉我们，不要在下雨天站在树下。(common sense) ______ ______ tells us not to stand under the tree on rainy days. 9. soft adj.柔软的；柔和的；温和的；轻声的 【搭配积累】soft bed（柔软的床）；soft music（轻音乐）；soft voice（轻声）；soft light（柔和的光线）；soft skin（细腻的皮肤） 【典型例句】 The teddy bear is soft and comfortable to hold.（这个泰迪熊很柔软，抱起来很舒服。） She spoke in a soft voice so as not to wake the baby.（她轻声说话，以免吵醒宝宝。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.The carpet is so ______ that I want to sit on it for a long time. A. hard B. soft C. rough D. sharp 2.We listened to ______ music to relax after a long day’s work. A. loud B. soft C. noisy D. strong 3.Her ______ smile made everyone feel warm. A. soft B. hard C. cold D. strict （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.The little girl likes touching the ______ (soft) fur of the cat. 2.The light in the room is ______ (soft), which is good for reading. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 1.这张床很柔软，睡得很舒服。(soft) This bed is very ______ and comfortable to sleep on. 2.她用温和的声音对孩子说话。(soft voice) She spoke to the child in a ______ ______. 10. improve v.提高；改善；改进 【搭配积累】improve sth.（提高/改善某物）；improve oneself（提升自己）；improve in（在……方面提高）；improve on/upon（改进；胜过） 【典型例句】 He practices speaking English every day to improve his pronunciation.（他每天练习说英语来提高自己的发音。） Her health has improved a lot since she started exercising.（自从开始锻炼，她的健康状况改善了很多。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.We should try our best to ______ our living conditions. A. worsen B. improve C. damage D. destroy 2.His English has ______ a lot since he went to an English-speaking country. A. improved B. fallen C. dropped D. reduced 3.She is trying to ______ her cooking skills by taking a cooking class. A. keep B. lose C. improve D. forget （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 1.He hopes to ______ (improve) his grades in the next exam. 2.With the help of the teacher, her writing skills have been ______ (improve) greatly. （三）根据汉语提示完成句子 1.阅读是提高英语水平的好方法。(improve) Reading is a good way to ______ your English. 2.他在数学方面已经有了很大的进步。(improve in) He has ______ ______ ______ math. 11.weight n. 重量；体重；重要性；v. 重视；权衡 【搭配积累】lose weight（减肥）；gain weight（增重）；put on weight（增重，与gain weight同义）；weight loss（减肥）；attach weight to sth.（重视某事） 【典型例句】 Her weight has increased by 2 kilograms since last month.（自上个月以来，她的体重增加了2公斤。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.— What’s your ______? — I’m 50 kilograms. A. height B. weight C. age D. size 2.He has ______ a lot of weight because he eats too much junk food. A. lost B. taken C. put on D. given up 3.We should ______ the weight of his suggestion before making a decision. A. weigh B. weight C. heavy D. light （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.The ______ (weigh) of the box is 10 pounds. 5.People usually ______ (weight) the pros and cons before choosing a job. （三）根据汉语提示翻译句子 6.她为了减肥，每天坚持锻炼。（lose weight） 7.我们必须重视环境保护这个问题。（attach weight to） 12.balanced adj.平衡的；均衡的；和谐的 【搭配积累】balanced diet（均衡饮食）；balanced life（平衡的生活）；balanced development（均衡发展）；be balanced（保持平衡） 【典型例句】 Eating a balanced diet is good for our health.（吃均衡的饮食对我们的健康有益。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.It’s important to have a ______ diet to keep healthy. A. balanced B. busy C. boring D. bad 2.The teacher tries to keep a ______ between study and rest for the students. A. balance B. balanced C. balancing D. balances 3.Her life is ______ between work and family, so she feels very happy. A. balance B. balanced C. balancing D. to balance （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.We should keep a ______ (balance) diet every day. 5.The relationship between the two countries is becoming more ______ (balance) than before. （三）根据汉语提示翻译句子 6.均衡的饮食能为我们提供足够的能量。（balanced diet） 7.我们需要在学习和娱乐之间保持平衡。（balanced） 13.choice n.选择；抉择；选择权 【搭配积累】make a choice（做出选择）；have a choice（有选择）；no choice but to do sth.（别无选择，只能做某事）；choice of sth.（……的选择） 【典型例句】 She had no choice but to accept the invitation.（她别无选择，只能接受邀请。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.You have to ______ a choice between staying here and leaving. A. do B. make C. take D. get 2.There is no ______ but to wait for the next bus. A. choose B. choice C. choosing D. chosen 3.She has a wide ______ of books to read in the library. A. choice B. choose C. choosing D. choices （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.He made a good ______ (choose) to study abroad. 5.We have the ______ (choose) to decide our own future. （三）根据汉语提示翻译句子 6.他别无选择，只能努力学习。（no choice but to） 7.你可以自己做出选择。（make a choice） 14.serve v.服务；招待；提供；服役 【搭配积累】serve sb.（服务某人）；serve sth. to sb.（给某人提供某物）；serve as（担任；作为）；serve food/drinks（提供食物/饮料） 【典型例句】 The waiter served us a delicious meal.（服务员给我们端上了一顿美味的饭菜。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.The hotel ______ breakfast from 7:00 to 9:00 every morning. A. serves B. gives C. offers D. provides 2.He ______ as a teacher in this school for 10 years. A. serves B. served C. has served D. will serve 3.Could you ______ me a glass of water, please? A. serve B. take C. bring D. carry （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.The restaurant ______ (serve) different kinds of traditional food. 5.She ______ (serve) in the army for 5 years before she came here. （三）根据汉语提示翻译句子 6.这家餐厅提供各种各样的美食。（serve） 7.他在这家公司担任经理已经三年了。（serve as） 15.be full of充满；装满 【搭配积累】be full of + 名词（充满某物）；主语通常为具体事物或抽象事物（如room, heart, life等） 【典型例句】 The room is full of sunshine.（这个房间充满了阳光。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.Her eyes ______ tears when she heard the good news. A. is full of B. are full of C. was full of D. were full of 2.The bottle ______ water, so please don’t pour any more. A. is full of B. is filled with C. full of D. A and B 3.The park ______ people on weekends. A. is full with B. is full of C. full of D. fills with （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.The classroom ______ (be) full of students now. 5.His heart ______ (be) full of hope when he started the new job. （三）根据汉语提示翻译句子 6.这个盒子里装满了书。（be full of） 7.她的生活充满了欢乐。（be full of） 16.go with与……相配；伴随；和……一起去 【搭配积累】go with sth.（与某物相配）；go with sb.（和某人一起去）；go well with（与……很相配） 【典型例句】 This shirt goes well with your pants.（这件衬衫和你的裤子很相配。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.Which pair of shoes ______ this dress? A. goes with B. goes for C. goes on D. goes up 2.I will ______ you to the park this afternoon. A. go along B. go with C. go to D. go for 3.Happiness often ______ hard work. A. goes with B. goes away C. goes out D. goes off （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.This tie ______ (go) well with your suit. 5.She often ______ (go) with her mother to the supermarket on weekends. （三）根据汉语提示翻译句子 6.这条裙子和那双红色的鞋子很相配。（go with） 7.他将和他的朋友一起去参加聚会。（go with） 17.too much太多；过多（修饰不可数名词，或作状语修饰动词） 【搭配积累】too much + 不可数名词（太多某物）；修饰动词时，置于动词之后 【典型例句】 Don’t drink too much coffee. It’s bad for your sleep.（不要喝太多咖啡，这对你的睡眠不好。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.She eats ______ sugar, so she often has toothaches. A. too many B. too much C. much too D. many too 2.He doesn’t like to talk ______; he is a quiet boy. A. too much B. too many C. much too D. many too 3.______ work makes him feel tired every day. A. Too many B. Too much C. Much too D. Many too （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.Don’t spend ______ (much) time playing computer games. 5.He drinks ______ (much) water, so he doesn’t feel thirsty. （三）根据汉语提示翻译句子 6.不要吃太多垃圾食品。（too much） 7.他每天看电视太多了。（too much） 18. put on穿上；戴上；增重；上演 【搭配积累】put on + 衣物/饰品（穿上/戴上某物）；put on weight（增重）；put on a play（上演戏剧） 【典型例句】 Put on your coat. It’s cold outside.（穿上你的外套，外面很冷。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.It’s raining. Please ______ your raincoat. A. put off B. put on C. take off D. take on 2.He has ______ weight since he stopped exercising. A. put on B. put off C. taken off D. taken on 3.The school will ______ a new play next month. A. put off B. put on C. put up D. put down （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.She ______ (put) on her hat and went out. 5.He ______ (put) on 5 kilograms in the past three months. （三）根据汉语提示翻译句子 6.请穿上你的鞋子，我们要出发了。（put on） 7.他因为吃太多，增重了很多。（put on weight） 19. too...to...太……而不能……（表示否定含义，即“达不到某种程度”） 【搭配积累】too + 形容词/副词 + to do sth.（太……而不能做某事）；可转换为so...that...（如此……以至于……）的否定句 【典型例句】 The box is too heavy to carry.（这个盒子太重了，搬不动。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.The child is ______ young ______ go to school. A. too; to B. so; that C. such; that D. enough; to 2.This book is ______ difficult ______ I can’t understand it. A. too; to B. so; that C. too; that D. so; to 3.He runs ______ fast ______ catch up with him. A. too; to B. so; that C. such; that D. enough; to （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.The water is too hot ______ (drink). 5.She is too busy ______ (go) to the cinema with us. （三）根据汉语提示翻译句子 6.他太矮了，够不到书架上的书。（too...to...） 7.这个问题太难了，我解决不了。（too...to...） 20. focus on集中注意力于；聚焦于 【搭配积累】focus on + 名词/动名词（集中注意力于某事/做某事）；focus one’s attention on sth.（把某人的注意力集中在某事上） 【典型例句】 We should focus on our study in class.（我们在课堂上应该集中注意力学习。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.Please ______ your attention on the teacher’s words. A. focus B. put C. pay D. take 2.She always ______ her work, so she does it very well. A. focuses on B. focuses in C. focuses at D. focuses with 3.We need to ______ solving the problem instead of complaining. A. focus on B. look on C. depend on D. live on （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.He ______ (focus) on his homework when his mother came in. 5.We should ______ (focus) our attention on protecting the environment. （三）根据汉语提示翻译句子 6.学生们应该把注意力集中在学习上。（focus on） 7.我们需要聚焦于这个项目的细节。（focus on） 21. after all毕竟；终究；归根结底（用于解释或安慰，强调事实） 【搭配积累】通常置于句首、句中或句末，作状语；可用于肯定句或否定句，强调“尽管有前面的情况，但事实终究是这样” 【典型例句】 He is still a child after all. We should forgive him.（他毕竟还是个孩子，我们应该原谅他。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 （一）单项选择 1.______, he is new here. He doesn’t know the rules. A. After all B. At all C. In all D. All in all 2.Don’t be too strict with her. She is only 10 years old, ______. A. at all B. after all C. in all D. all over 3.He failed the exam, but ______, he tried his best. A. after all B. at all C. above all D. first of all （二）单句填空（用所给单词适当形式填空） 4.______ (after) all, he is your father. You should respect him. 5.She is not good at singing, but ______ (after) all, she tried her best. （三）根据汉语提示翻译句子 6.毕竟，他是我们的朋友，我们应该帮助他。（after all） 7.不要太生气，毕竟他不是故意的。（after all） ◇Part 03 词汇强化训练 提｜升｜练｜习 请从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1. —What’s your favorite vegetable? —I like ______ best. A. mutton B. cabbage C. coffee D. cookie 2. My mother often cooks ______ for dinner. It’s very delicious. A. dumpling B. dumplings C. onion D. onions 3. —Would you like some ______? It’s hot and sweet. A. porridge B. salad C. coffee D. strawberry 4. There is some ______ in the bowl. It’s made from beans. A. soup B. mutton C. pork D. bread 5. —Can I help you, sir? —Yes, I want a bowl of noodles with ______ and cabbage. A. beef B. apple C. sugar D. salt 6. This ______ tastes very good. I want another one. A. waiter B. dish C. meal D. menu 7. —What do you usually have for ______? —I have milk and bread. A. breakfast B. dish C. customer D. habit 8. The ______ in the restaurant is very kind. She always helps customers with their orders. A. waiter B. waitress C. sir D. customer 9. —May I see the ______, please? I want to order some food. A. menu B. dish C. meal D. article 10. Eating too much ______ is bad for your health. It has too much fat. A. fruit B. vegetables C. fast food D. porridge 11. —How does the cake ______? —It’s sweet and soft. A. look B. taste C. smell D. feel 12. Is there ______ delicious in the fridge? I’m hungry. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 13. My father has a good ______. He gets up early every morning. A. habit B. result C. energy D. choice 14. Drinking too much soft drink is ______ your teeth. A. good for B. bad for C. full of D. busy with 15. We should eat a ______ diet to keep healthy. A. balanced B. common C. poor D. soft 16. —What’s your ______ between tea and coffee? —I like tea better. A. choose B. choice C. service D. improvement 17. The restaurant ______ nice food for all the customers. A. serves B. chooses C. causes D. improves 18. I’m ______. Can I have a glass of water? A. hungry B. tired C. thirsty D. sleepy 19. There are many kinds of fruits on the table, like apples, ______ and strawberries. A. beef B. pork C. pears D. onions 20. —Welcome ______ our new restaurant! —Thank you very much. A. to B. in C. on D. at 21. The basket is ______ apples. They are fresh. A. full of B. good for C. bad for D. far from 22. My mother often makes ______ for me. It’s my favorite soup. A. fish soup B. hot pot C. fruit salad D. beef noodles 23. —What ______ going to the park this weekend? —Good idea! A. about B. for C. with D. to 24. Don’t eat ______ sugar. It’s not good for you. A. too many B. too much C. much too D. many too 25. If you eat too much, you will ______ weight easily. A. put on B. put off C. put up D. put down 26. Eating fast food too often may ______ heart problems. A. improve B. cause C. serve D. balance 27. We should ______ focus on our studies when we are in class. A. not B. never C. always D. sometimes 28. —______ you like some dumplings? —Yes, please. A. Do B. Does C. Would D. Are 29. —Do you have anything ______ tofu? —Yes, we have tofu soup. A. with B. for C. in D. on 30. Which soup would you like, ______ or fish soup? A. chicken soup B. beef noodles C. apple juice D. strawberry cake 31. It’s too cold outside. You’d better keep ______ from the cold. A. you B. your C. yourself D. yours 32. There are all kinds of ______ in the shop. You can choose what you like. A. food B. book C. pen D. bag 33. —I’m too busy ______ my homework to watch TV. —That’s a good habit. A. do B. doing C. to do D. did 34. After all, he is a child. We should be kind to him. What’s the meaning of “after all”here？ A. 毕竟 B. 总之 C. 然而 D. 因此 35. She wants to ______ her English. So she reads English every morning. A. improve B. cause C. weigh D. balance 36. The meat is too ______. I don’t like it. A. soft B. salty C. sweet D. delicious 37. —How much does this box ______? —It’s about 2 kilos. A. weight B. weigh C. heavy D. light 38. In future, I will eat more vegetables and less fast food. What’s the meaning of “in future”here？ A. 现在 B. 过去 C. 今后 D. 曾经 39. —What kind of food do you dislike? —I dislike ______ because it’s too spicy. A. porridge B. hot pot C. milk D. bread 40. —What do you usually have for breakfast? —______. A. I have rice and fish for lunch B. I have milk and eggs C. I don’t like breakfast D. I eat dinner at 7 pm $