Unit1 Animal Friends语法(名词/形容词/特殊疑问词)讲解与练习- 2025-2026学年人教版英语七年级下册

Unit 1 Animal Friends 语法讲解与练习 语法归纳一: why、what、where引导的特殊疑问句 why why询问原因,用because回答 —Why do you like pandas? —Because they're cute. Why don't you do sth.?/Why not do sth.表示建议 Why don't you go to school with me? Why not go to school with me? what what单独使用，提问事件、姓名和天气等 —What is your name?—My name is Sam. —What is the weather like today?—It's sunny. what与名词构成 特殊疑问词组 —What colour do you like? —Yellow. —What time do you usually go to sleep? —I usually go to sleep at 9 o'clock. where where对地点进行提问 —Where do you live? —I live in Beijing. 语法归纳二:形容词 形容词的句法功能 1 作定语：It is an interesting book. (interesting作前置定语) 2 作表语：I was alone in the house. (alone作表语) 3 作补语：The good news made him happy. (happy作宾语补足语) 4 作主语或宾语：The rich are not always happy. (the rich作主语) 5 作状语：If necessary, I'll go instead of you. (necessary作状语) 规则：观点形容词+描绘形容词 观点形容词：指完全表达个人主观上对事物的看法的形容词(good、lovely、beautiful等) 形容词的位置 描绘形容词：又称描述事实形容词，是指用来描述事物本身固有的特征的形容词，是对事物进行客观上的表述 ①限定词(a/an、the、this/that、his、one、first等) ②表示特征或性质等描述性的形容词(good、pretty等) ③表示尺寸大小等的形容词(big、small、long、short、high等) ④表示形状(wide“宽的”、round“圆的”、square“方的”等) ⑤表示新旧、年龄(new、old、young等) ⑥表示颜色(black、red、blue等) ⑦表示国籍、出处、地区(English“英国的”、American“美国的”、southern“南方的”等) ⑧表示质地材料(wooden、stony、silvery等) ⑨表示用途类别(medical、writing等) 顺序：限定词—观点形容词—尺寸大小—形状—新旧、年龄—颜色—国籍、出处、地区—质地材料—用途—中心名词 语法归纳三:可数名词复数 规则变化 *一般情况下加s: 清辅音后读/s/ books浊辅音后读/z/ pens *以s、x、sh、ch结尾加-es，读/iz/ *以y结尾: 辅音+y结尾，变y为i加-es: fly—flies 元音+y结尾，直接加-s: boy—boys *以f、fe结尾，f、fe变为v加-es: knife—knives life—lives *以o结尾，一般加-s，少数加-es加-es：hero、tomato、potato 不规则变化 *单复同形 deer、sheep、fish、species、means、series *某国人中日瑞(土)不变，英法变，其余后面加-s *变部分a变e(man); oo变ee(foot); 后+en(ox); 后加ren(child); mouse—mice 语法精讲 一、疑问词why、what、where的用法 1. why的用法 why为疑问副词，意为“为什么”，用来询问原因，why引导的特殊疑问句的结构是：疑问词why+一般疑问句。由why引导的特殊疑问句，回答时常用连词because引导的句子。 —Why does he like art? 他为什么喜欢艺术? —Because it's fun.因为它有趣。 【温馨提示】why还可用来向对方提出建议，其常用句型为“Why don't you/Why not+动词原形+…?”，意为“为什么不⋯⋯?”。 Why don't you buy a watch? = Why not buy a watch? 你为什么不买块手表呢? Why don't you go there?= Why not go there? 你为什么不去那里呢? 2. what的用法 what单独使用，用于询问“是什么、做什么、什么事”；也可以询问职业、身份、相貌、性格特征、目的、天气、日期等；还可以放在名词之前，用于询问颜色、班级、尺码、时间、星期等。 —What's this?（询问“是什么”）—It's an orange. —What do you usually do at weekends?(询问“做什么”) —I often watch a film. —What colour is it?(询问颜色) —It's yellow. —What does he do?(询问职业)—He's a doctor. 3.where的用法 where主要用于询问地点或位置,其回答可以直接指出地点,经常会用到方位介词。 —Where is my pen? 我的钢笔在哪里？ —It's under the table. 它在桌子底下。 【助记口诀】 why问原因, because答。 why not/don't sb表建议。 单独what用法多，事件、姓名、天气等。 what加名词也不少，班级、颜色较常见。 where用法较简单，主要对地点来提问。 二、形容词的用法 1.形容词的作用 主要用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征。形容词在句中可用作表语、定语、补语等。 Be careful about what you say. 说话要小心。 The sunset is a beautiful sight. 日落是一种美丽的景象。 I find it easy to get on with him. 我发现和他相处很容易。 2.做定语时，形容词的位置 (1)放在名词前，例如：a pretty girl一个漂亮的女孩 (2)放在不定代词后，例如：something different一些不同的东西 (3) else放在疑问代词后面，例如：what else还有什么 【温馨提示】 ①当名词有两个以上的形容词修饰时，这些形容词通常遵循一定的顺序排列，即：限定词（冠词、指示代词、数词等）+表示观点的描述性形容词+大小+形状+新旧/年龄+颜色+国籍/出处/地区+质地材料+用途+中心名词。 a quiet big old grey British wooden house一间灰色的古老而宁静的英式大木屋 【助记口诀】我们根据谐音可概括为： 县官行令谢国材（限观形龄色国材） ②“the+形容词”代表复数，例如： The wise learn from their mistakes. 智者从错误中学习。 课后作业·测评 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. There are two red ___________ (fox) running after a rabbit in the forest. 2. Cats often catch ___________ (mouse) for food. 3. There are many ___________ (sheep) eating grass over there. 4. These whales are 43 ___________ (foot) long and weigh 50 to 70 tons. 5. Some animals like tigers and ____________ (snake) are dangerous. 二、根据括号内的要求完成下列句子 1. I like koalas very much. （对画线部分提问） ___________ ______________________ you like very much? 2. Julie wants to see monkeys because they are kind of cute. （对画线部分提问） ___________ ___________Julie ___________ to see monkeys? 3. Sam is from Canada. （对画线部分提问） ___________ ___________ Sam ___________? 4. I like monkeys. They are interesting. （合并为一句） I ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ interesting. 5. Why not go to see the tigers in the zoo? （改为同义句） Why___________ ___________ ___________ to see the tigers in the zoo? 能力提升 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There is a zoo in our city. The zoo is very big. It has all 1. ___________ (kind) of animals. You can see the tigers, elephants, monkeys, pandas, dolphins（海豚）and many other 2. ___________ (animal) in it. Lots of 3. ___________ (people) like visiting it every day. Today is Sunday. Jim and his classmates don't have any 4. ___________ (class). They are in the zoo. Jim likes pandas. They 5. ___________ (be) from Sichuan. Tom thinks 6. ___________ (tiger) are lovely, but Lily doesn't think so. She thinks 7. ___________ (them) are dangerous. She asks Tom 8. ___________ (see) dolphins. She thinks dolphins are 9. ___________ (friend), and they can dance very 10. ___________ (good). Jim and his classmates have a good time in the zoo Keys 一、1.foxes 2.mice 3.sheep 4.feet 5.snakes 二、1.What animals do 2.Why does; want 3.Where is; from 4.like monkeys because they're 5.don't you go 三、1.kinds 2.animals 3.people 4.classes 5.are 6.tigers 7.they 8.to see 9.friendly 10.well 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $