专题02 阅读理解（记叙文）（福建专用）2026年高考英语一模分类汇编

专题02 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题01 新闻报道 Passage 1 （2025·福建福州·一模） Floating pieces of Arctic sea ice rolled into complicated patterns as ocean currents carried them south along Greenland’s east coast in spring 2024. The MODIS (光谱仪) on NASA’s Terra satellite seized a moment of this dizzying journey on June 4,2024. Much of the ice has likely flowed a great distance to get to this point. The Fram Strait, connecting the Arctic Ocean with the Greenland Sea, serves as the primary route for sea ice out of the Arctic. Along the way, it breaks into smaller pieces and starts to melt in warmer ocean waters. “The smaller the floating ice, the more ‘wispy’ the patterns,” said Walt Meier, a sea ice scientist. The small ice pieces may only be meters across — too small to distinguish in MODIS imagery. Their gathering forms the smoke- like clouds rising from the water surface. As the summer wears on, ice will continue to be carried out of the Arctic. But in recent years, more of the Arctic Ocean’s sea ice has become too young and thin to make the journey south, noted Angela Bliss, a sea ice scientist at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center.“ Historically, when more of the Arctic sea ice would survive the summer melt season, growing thicker and older, a larger volume of sea ice would be transported through the Fram Strait,” she said. Some climate scientists are watching this decreased flow closely. The movement of sea ice and freshwater out of the Arctic is a component of ocean circulation (洋流) patterns that distribute heat around the planet. The “global ocean conveyor belt” transports cold water south and warm water north, contributing to climate conditions worldwide. “Less ice and freshwater transport have big impacts on ocean productivity, as well as warming upper ocean temperatures, in the region,” said Bliss. A 2023 study looking at two decades of related observations found that the East Greenland Current is moving less sea ice through the Fram Strait, primarily due to sea ice thinning. The researchers observed that summertime surface water temperatures off Greenland have risen, in part due to the increased presence of heat- absorbing open water. 1．What does the NASA image mainly show? A．The length of the coastline. B．The journey to the Arctic. C．A scene of sea ice movement. D．A pattern of the Arctic ice. 2．What does the underlined “wispy” possibly mean? A．Typical. B．Delicate. C．Evident. D．Similar. 3．Why are climate scientists monitoring the reduced flow? A．It affects the balance of global heat. B．It encourages Arctic ocean diversity. C．It leads to the pollution of freshwater. D．It speeds up the “ocean conveyor belt”. 4．What can we know about the changing sea ice in the last paragraph? A．Its theoretical basis. B．Its economic promise. C．Its impact on the Fram Strait. D．Its link with climate system. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。短文介绍了海冰运动与气候的关系。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Floating pieces of Arctic sea ice rolled into complicated patterns as ocean currents carried them south along Greenland’s east coast in spring 2024. The MODIS (光谱仪) on NASA’s Terra satellite seized a moment of this dizzying journey on June 4, 2024.”（2024年春天，随着洋流沿着格陵兰岛东海岸向南移动，漂浮的北极海冰翻滚成复杂的图案。2024年6月4日，美国宇航局Terra卫星上的MODIS捕捉到了这段令人眼花缭乱的旅程。）可知，NASA的图像主要展示了海冰运动的场景。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据上文“The smaller the floating ice, the more ‘wispy’ the patterns”可知，海冰越小，图案越“wispy”，结合下文“The small ice pieces may only be meters across — too small to distinguish in MODIS imagery.”（这些小冰块可能只有几米宽——太小了，在MODIS图像中无法分辨。）可知，海冰小到在图像中难以辨别，因此“wispy”可能是指“细微的、纤细的”。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“The movement of sea ice and freshwater out of the Arctic is a component of ocean circulation (洋流) patterns that distribute heat around the planet. The “global ocean conveyor belt” transports cold water south and warm water north, contributing to climate conditions worldwide.”（海冰和淡水从北极流出是海洋环流模式的一个组成部分，而海洋环流模式在全球范围内分配热量。“全球海洋传送带”向南输送冷水，向北输送暖水，影响了全球气候条件）可知，气候科学家监测减少的海冰流动是因为它影响全球热量的平衡。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“A 2023 study looking at two decades of related observations found that the East Greenland Current is moving less sea ice through the Fram Strait, primarily due to sea ice thinning. The researchers observed that summertime surface water temperatures off Greenland have risen, in part due to the increased presence of heat- absorbing open water.”（2023年的一项研究对20年的相关观察结果进行了分析，发现东格陵兰洋流通过弗拉姆海峡的海冰减少了，这主要是由于海冰变薄。研究人员观察到，格陵兰岛夏季的地表水温已经上升，部分原因是吸收热量的开阔水域的增加。）可知，海冰变化与气候系统有关。故选D。 Passage 2 （2024·福建福州·一模） Almost no one knows the world of competitive climbing like Janja Garnbret, an Olympic gold medalist and eight-time world champion. Having risen to the top of the sport, the Slovenian now is using her platform to raise awareness of the “cultural trap” in climbing. She says it is contributing to a widespread issue with eating disorders. The problem is from an outdated idea that weighing less means you climb faster. Such a mindset has created an environment where young athletes start skipping or cutting down on meals, she says, sometimes to disastrous effect. Despite not having issues with eating disorders herself, she is more than aware of friends and fellow competitors who have damaged their bodies in the pursuit of a thinner figure. “I have to recognize that weight does have some role to play in the sport. I also want to win, but I’m a strong believer that you can do climbing, or any sport, in a healthy way. Luckily I didn’t fall into this trap.” She says. “I was trying hard to help them get out of it, but it didn’t work. It was really hard for me to see them destroying themselves, mentally and physically.” It was experiences such as this that inspired Gambret to post a message on the social platform in July 2023 about eating disorders. The post sparked a huge response throughout the climbing community and attracted support from the likes of US rock climber Sasha DiGiulian. In her message, Garnbret spoke about Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs) — a syndrome (综合征) that occurs when someone of any gender has overtrained and/or undereaten for a long period in an attempt to improve their athletic performance, often without knowing the dangers of failing to compensate (补偿) for the energy they consume in training, racing and their daily lives. Left untreated, medical experts say REDs can damage an athlete’s bone health, immune system, and psychological health, as well as his athletic performance. 1．What does the “cultural trap” in the text refer to? A．The defeat of eating disorders. B．The pursuit of a thinner figure. C．The idea of keeping daily meals. D．The mindset of climbing to the top. 2．Why did Garnbret decide to post the message on the social platform? A．She used to fall into the cultural trap. B．Her efforts to help dieters were in vain. C．Her achievements deserved to be shared. D．She wanted to receive support from DiGiulian. 3．What may lead to REDs according to the text? A．Severe mental problems. B．The habit of overeating. C．Over-exercise for a long time. D．The poor athletic performance. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Road to a World Champion B．Rising to Fame on Social Media C．The Challenge of Climbing with REDs D．Warning against Cultural Trap in Climbing 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了奥运金牌得主和八次世界冠军Janja Garnbret如何利用自己的影响力，通过社交平台发文，提醒人们关注攀岩运动中存在的“文化陷阱”，即过度追求瘦身，导致饮食失调的问题。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Having risen to the top of the sport, the Slovenian now is using her platform to raise awareness of the “cultural trap” in climbing. She says it is contributing to a widespread issue with eating disorders”（ 在攀登到这项运动的顶峰之后，这位斯洛文尼亚人现在正在利用她的平台来提高人们对攀岩“文化陷阱”的认识。她说，这导致了普遍存在的饮食失调问题）以及第二段“ The problem is from an outdated idea that weighing less means you climb faster. Such a mindset has created an environment where young athletes start skipping or cutting down on meals, she says, sometimes to disastrous effect.”（问题来自于一个过时的观念，即体重越轻，攀岩速度越快。这种心态造成了一种状况，年轻的运动员开始减少或者跳过饭食，她说，有时候这会产生灾难性的效果。）可知，文化陷阱指的是过度追求瘦身的观念。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“I was trying hard to help them get out of it, but it didn’t work. It was really hard for me to see them destroying themselves, mentally and physically.”It was experiences such as this that inspired Gambret to post a message on the social platform in July 2023 about eating disorders. ”（我努力帮助他们摆脱这个问题，但是没有成功。看到他们在精神和身体上自我摧毁，我感到非常难过。正是这样的经历激发了Gambret于2023年7月在社交平台上发布了一条关于饮食失调的信息。）可知，Garnbret发文是因为她尝试帮助那些陷入饮食失调的人，但是没有成功。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“In her message, Garnbret spoke about Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs)—a syndrome(综合征) that occurs when someone of any gender has overtrained and/or undereaten for a long period in an attempt to improve their athletic performance, often without knowing the dangers of failing to compensate(补偿) for the energy they consume in training, racing and their daily lives.”（在她的信息中，Garnbret谈到运动中的相对能量缺乏症（REDs）是一种综合症，当任何性别的人为了提高他们的运动表现，长时间过度训练和/或饮食不足，常常不知道他们在训练、比赛和日常生活中消耗的能量未能得到补偿的危险。）可知，长时间过度训练可能导致REDs。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，特别是第一段 “Having risen to the top of the sport, the Slovenian now is using her platform to raise awareness of the “cultural trap” in climbing. She says it is contributing to a widespread issue with eating disorders”（ 在攀登到这项运动的顶峰之后，这位斯洛文尼亚人现在正在利用她的平台来提高人们对攀岩“文化陷阱”的认识。她说，这导致了普遍存在的饮食失调问题）可知，文章主要讲述了Janja Garnbret如何利用自己的影响力，通过社交平台发文，提醒人们关注攀岩运动中的“文化陷阱”，即过度追求瘦身，导致饮食失调的问题。因此，D选项“攀登时警惕文化陷阱”。故选D。 主题02 人与社会——公益事业 Passage 1 （2023·福建泉州·一模） Growing up in Kenya, Lesein Mutunkei, together with his family, always celebrated significant occasions by planting trees, which motivated him to protect the environment. It’s what the now 18-year-old soccer player treasures, especially since Kenya has an ongoing problem with deforestation. Mutunkei follows in the footsteps of the late Kenyan Nobel Peace Prize winner Wangari Maathai who founded the Green Belt Movement in 1977. This initiative has resulted in the planting of over 51 million trees to date. In 2018, Lesein decided to start a movement of his own. He started by planting one tree for every goal he scored during a football match. He called it Trees4Goals, and it has grown so much that he now plants 11 trees, one for each member of his team, every time he scores. Through this, he wants to inspire young people, specifically his fellow athletes, to follow in his footsteps, take nature conservation seriously, and promise to plant trees every time they score. As a result, some of them have adapted this practice for their sports. “Seeing that they’re taking that responsibility because of the project I started, for me, that is the biggest achievement,” he said. The initiative has caught the attention of English football club Arsenal and Kenya’s Ministry of Environment and Forestry, which he now works with regularly and gets advice from. Like Green Belt Movement, Trees4Goals, which has planted 5,500 trees so far, has made it. While Lesein has received some recognition for his initiative, he sets his sights on making it a worldwide phenomenon. “Football is a universal game, and climate change is a universal problem,” he explains. “It has the power to unite, educate and inspire my generation to create a safer and greener future.” This is why he wants to work with the world’s biggest football federation FIFA． As for what others can do to fight deforestation or other environmental concerns, the teenager says it’s important to just get involved in some way, no matter how small. 1．What made Lesein get interested in environmental protection? A．The influence of his family. B．Wangari Maathai’s huge assistances. C．The demand of the football team. D．His fellow athletes’ encouragement. 2．Why did Lesein found Trees4Goals? A．To gain Kenya’s support. B．To set an example for others. C．To catch Arsenal’s attention. D．To show his achievements. 3．What is Lesein’s hope for the future of Trees4Goals? A．Promoting football’s development. B．Going global with the help of FIFA． C．Beating climate change completely. D．Getting beyond Green Belt Movement. 4．What can we learn from Lesein’s story? A．Fame is a great thirst of the young. B．A youth is to be regarded with respect. C．Positive thinking and action result in success. D．Success means getting personal desires satisfied. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。在肯尼亚长大的Lesein Mutunkei是一名足球队员，他发起了“一球一树（Trees4Goals）运动”，每进球一次，他为球队的每一位成员种一棵树，激励其他年轻人去保护环境。到目前为止，该运动已经种植了5100万棵树。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Growing up in Kenya, Lesein Mutunkei, together with his family, always celebrated significant occasions by planting trees, which motivated him to protect the environment. (在肯尼亚长大的Lesein Mutunkei和他的家人总是通过植树来庆祝重要的节日，这促使他保护环境)”可知，在Lesein成长的过程中，他和他的家人总是以种树的方式来庆祝重要的节日，这激励他去保护环境。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Through this, he wants to inspire young people, specifically his fellow athletes, to follow in his footsteps, take nature conservation seriously, and promise to plant trees every time they score. (他希望借此激励年轻人，特别是他的运动员同伴，跟随他的脚步，认真对待自然保护，并承诺每次得分都要植树)”可知，Lesein发起“一球一树运动”是作出表率来激励他人保护环境。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“While Lesein has received some recognition for his initiative, he sets his sights on making it a worldwide phenomenon.(虽然莱辛的倡议得到了一些认可，但他的目标是让它成为一种全球现象)”及“This is why he wants to work with the world’s biggest football federation FIFA.(这就是为什么他想与世界上最大的足球联盟国际足联合作)”可知，在FIFA的帮助下，Lesein 希望“一球一树运动”走向全球。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Mutunkei follows in the footsteps of the late Kenyan Nobel Peace Prize winner Wangari Maathai who founded the Green Belt Movement in 1977. This initiative has resulted in the planting of over 51 million trees to date.(Mutunkei追随了已故的肯尼亚诺贝尔和平奖得主旺加里·马塔伊的脚步，后者于1977年创立了绿带运动。迄今为止，这一举措已导致种植了5100多万棵树)”及全文内容可知，Lesein从小耳濡目染，很有环保意识，后受到启发，发起了“一球一树运动”并取得了成功。可见，他的故事说明：积极的思考和行动会带来成功。故选C。 Passage 2 （2024·福建宁德·一模） Sewing is frequently seen as an enjoyable and artistic activity. However, have you ever taken a moment to consider that for countless individuals worldwide, a sewing machine goes beyond its role as merely a tool, instead frequently serving as their crucial source of income? When Margaret Jankowski discovered this, she chose to establish The Sewing Machine Project, an organization dedicated to collecting donated sewing machines and distributing them in remote areas such as Sri Lanka, Guatemala, Guam, and Kosovo. Additionally, the organization seeks to assist communities in Detroit and New Orleans. After a tsunami struck Sri Lanka, Margaret was profoundly affected by the tale of a specific woman. The disaster ruined the woman’s village, resulting in her losing everything, including her sewing machine, which had been her primary means of earning a living. Moved by this story, Margaret made the decision to gather used sewing machines and ship them to Sri Lanka. After she announced her idea on a local news program, donations of sewing machines began pouring in from the community. The Sewing Machine Project covers a basic yet necessary need of many impoverished people around the world. For them, sewing can be a tool for survival. Whether in a factory or at home, a sewing machine can be the door to brighter financial opportunities. A sewing machine can also enable many to preserve their cultural identity. After Hurricane Katrina occurred in 2005, a community of New Orleans that wears skillfully-made suits for their own traditional festival lost many of their sewing machines. Since then, the non-profit organization has distributed hundreds of machines among the creators of the costumes, helping them maintain their tradition as well as their income. 1．What is the purpose of including a question in the first paragraph? A．To question the importance of sewing. B．To emphasize the role of sewing. C．To introduce the sewing project. D．To provide background information about sewing. 2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Inspiration for the project. B．The experience of Margaret in 2004. C．The story of a woman in Sri Lanka. D．Destruction of the 2004 tsunami. 3．What does the underlined word “impoverished” in paragraph 4 mean? A．uneducated. B．badly-off. C．exhausted. D．pessimistic. 4．Why is the community in New Orleans mentioned in the end? A．To highlight its cultural identity. B．To prove the importance of keeping traditions. C．To explain how organizations can provide immediate disaster relief. D．To show another function of sewing machines. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了玛格丽特·扬科夫斯基创立了一个公益组织，募集旧缝纫机并重新分配给有需要的人们，帮他们维持生计，同时也使人们能够保留他们的文化认同的故事。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Sewing is frequently seen as an enjoyable and artistic activity. However, have you ever taken a moment to consider that for countless individuals worldwide, a sewing machine goes beyond its role as merely a tool, instead frequently serving as their crucial source of income? (缝纫经常被视为一种令人愉快的艺术活动。然而，你有没有想过，对于世界上无数的人来说，缝纫机不仅仅是一种工具，而是他们重要的收入来源？)”和第二段中“When Margaret Jankowski discovered this, she chose to establish The Sewing Machine Project, an organization dedicated to collecting donated sewing machines and distributing them in remote areas such as Sri Lanka, Guatemala, Guam, and Kosovo. Additionally, the organization seeks to assist communities in Detroit and New Orleans. (当玛格丽特·扬科夫斯基发现这一点时，她决定建立“缝纫机项目”，一个致力于收集捐赠缝纫机并将其分发到斯里兰卡、危地马拉、关岛和科索沃等偏远地区的组织。此外，该组织还寻求帮助底特律和新奥尔良的社区。)”可知，设问是为了引出缝纫机项目的内容，解释其重要性。故选C。 2．主旨大意题。根据第三段“After a tsunami struck Sri Lanka, Margaret was profoundly affected by the tale of a specific woman. The disaster ruined the woman’s village, resulting in her losing everything, including her sewing machine, which had been her primary means of earning a living. Moved by this story, Margaret made the decision to gather used sewing machines and ship them to Sri Lanka. After she announced her idea on a local news program, donations of sewing machines began pouring in from the community. (海啸袭击斯里兰卡后，玛格丽特被一个女人的故事深深打动了。这场灾难摧毁了这个女人的村庄，导致她失去了一切，包括她的缝纫机，这是她主要的谋生手段。玛格丽特被这个故事感动了，她决定收集二手缝纫机并把它们运到斯里兰卡。在她在当地的一个新闻节目上宣布了她的想法后，社区开始大量捐赠缝纫机。)”可知，本段主要讲述了Margaret成立The Sewing Machine Project的灵感。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据第四段中“The Sewing Machine Project covers a basic yet necessary need of many impoverished people around the world. (缝纫机项目满足了世界各地许多impoverished人的基本需求。)”和“For them, sewing can be a tool for survival. Whether in a factory or at home, a sewing machine can be the door to brighter financial opportunities. (对他们来说，缝纫是一种生存的工具。无论是在工厂还是在家里，一台缝纫机都可以是通往更光明的财务机会的大门。)”可知，缝纫机是他们的生存工具，是通往更光明的财务机会的大门，由此可知句中的“them”是穷人，them指代impoverrished people。因此，impoverished意为“贫困的”。A. uneducated没受过教育的；B. badly-off穷的，生活拮据的；C. exhausted精疲力尽的；D. pessimistic悲观的。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“A sewing machine can also enable many to preserve their cultural identity. After Hurricane Katrina occurred in 2005, a community of New Orleans that wears skillfully-made suits for their own traditional festival lost many of their sewing machines. Since then, the non-profit organization has distributed hundreds of machines among the creators of the costumes, helping them maintain their tradition as well as their income. (一台缝纫机也可以使许多人保持他们的文化身份。2005年卡特里娜飓风发生后，新奥尔良的一个社区在他们自己的传统节日里穿着手工制作的西装，他们失去了许多缝纫机。从那时起，这家非营利组织向服装创作者分发了数百台机器，帮助他们保持传统和收入。)”可知，缝纫机也能让更多人保持他们的文化。由此推知，最后一段提到新奥尔良是为了突出它的让更多人保持他们的文化的功能，即展示缝纫机的另一个功能。故选D。 Passage 3 （2023·福建厦门·一模） Jim Glaub and Dylan Parker had just been handed the keys to their new Manhattan apartment on 22nd Street when the outgoing tenant (房客) said something curious, “Just so you know, there’s this thing where letters addressed to Santa come to the apartment. The previous tenants received the mail too. It has been coming for years and no one knows why.” Glaub and Parker settled in to their new home, and for the first two years only a few letters from kids or parents asked “Santa” for gifts they could not otherwise afford. Then in the months leading to Christmas 2010, their mailbox was filled with letters to Santa every day. They responded to as many as they could, writing notes, even buying gifts. Glaub, of course, is not Santa. They could do only so much. But one night, when he and Parker threw a 1960s — themed Christmas party, a solution appeared. Guests noticed the hundreds of letters they’d yet to act upon and asked about them. Glaub told them the story and his guests were intrigued. “A lot of people were like, ‘I’ll take a letter. I’ll satisfy it.’” And so was born Miracle on 22nd Street. To spread the word, they started a website, miracleon22ndstreel.com, and a Facebook page. Working with other nonprofits that help those in need, they invited families from around the county to go online and request gifts for their children. Likewise, donors, also known as “elves,” can sign up to buy gifts for a child or family, accompanied by a signed note with Elf before their name, such as Elf Jim or Elf Jody. Last year, Glaub and Miracle on 22nd Street helped more than 800 families. Glaub no longer wonders why the letters come to the apartment. Putting in the long hours to help the families is what it’s all about for him. “It’s part of Christmas for me,” he says, “It wouldn’t be Christmas without it.” 1．What did the tenant think of receiving the letters in the apartment? A．Odd. B．Exciting. C．Frightening D．Disturbing. 2．What can be implied about the couple in paragraph 2? A．They got really bothered. B．They had tried their best. C．They overcame the challenge. D．They were content with their new life. 3．What does the underlined word “intrigued” mean in paragraph 3? A．Puzzled. B．Relieved. C．Interested. D．Surprised. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．How a volunteer organization is formed. B．How Miracle on 22nd Street is operated. C．How a kind couple deal with letters to Santa. D．How donors purchase gifts for families in need. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Jim Glaub和Dylan Parker夫妇通过与其他帮助有需要的人的非营利组织合作，来回复一些家庭写给“圣诞老人”的信，为他们送去礼物。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Jim Glaub and Dylan Parker had just been handed the keys to their new Manhattan apartment on 22nd Street when the outgoing tenant (房客) said something curious, “Just so you know, there’s this thing where letters addressed to Santa come to the apartment. The previous tenants received the mail too. It has been coming for years and no one knows why.”(Jim Glaub和Dylan Parker刚拿到他们在曼哈顿第22街的新公寓的钥匙，那个即将离开的房客说了些奇怪的话：“告诉你们一声，有个地方，给圣诞老人的信会寄到公寓里。之前的房客也收到了邮件。它已经来了很多年，没有人知道为什么。”)”可推知，房客对在公寓里收到这些信感到奇怪。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段的“They responded to as many as they could, writing notes, even buying gifts. Glaub, of course, is not Santa. They could do only so much.(他们尽可能多地回复，写便条，甚至买礼物。Glaub当然不是圣诞老人。他们能做的也就这么多了)”可推知，这对夫妇已经尽力了。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“A lot of people were like, ‘I’ll take a letter. I’ll satisfy it.’(很多人说，‘我要一封信。我会满足它的。’)”可推知，他的客人们都很感兴趣。由此可知，划线词intrigued的意思是“感兴趣的”，和interested意思相近。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的“Glaub and Parker settled in to their new home, and for the first two years only a few letters from kids or parents asked “Santa” for gifts they could not otherwise afford. Then in the months leading to Christmas 2010, their mailbox was filled with letters to Santa every day. They responded to as many as they could, writing notes, even buying gifts. Glaub, of course, is not Santa. They could do only so much.(Glaub和Parker在新家安顿下来，在头两年里，只有几封来自孩子或父母的来信，要求“圣诞老人”送他们买不起的礼物。在2010年圣诞节前的几个月里，他们的邮箱里每天都塞满了写给圣诞老人的信。他们尽可能多地回复，写便条，甚至买礼物。格劳布当然不是圣诞老人。他们能做的也就这么多了)”和倒数第二段的“To spread the word, they started a website, miracleon22ndstreel.com, and a Facebook page. Working with other nonprofits that help those in need, they invited families from around the county to go online and request gifts for their children. Likewise, donors, also known as “elves,” can sign up to buy gifts for a child or family, accompanied by a signed note with Elf before their name, such as Elf Jim or Elf Jody.(为了传播这个消息，他们建立了一个网站，miracleon22ndstreel. com和一个Facebook页面。他们与其他帮助有需要的人的非营利组织合作，邀请全国各地的家庭上网为他们的孩子索要礼物。同样，捐赠者，也被称为“精灵”，可以注册为孩子或家庭购买礼物，并在他们的名字前附上精灵的签名便条，如精灵Jim或精灵Jody)”可知，本文主要讲的是Jim Glaub和Dylan Parker夫妇通过与其他帮助有需要的人的非营利组织合作，来回复一些家庭写给“圣诞老人”的信，为他们送去礼物，即一对善良的夫妇是如何处理给圣诞老人的信的。故选C。 主题01 人与自我——学习与生活 Passage 1 （2024·福建泉州·一模） Dr. Marie-Luce Chevalier, a Belgian/French geologist (地质学家), has been working a as a research professor at the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences in Beijing since 2010. For the past 14 years, she has been studying active faults (断层) in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and how they move. In 2021, Chevalier was presented with the Chinese Government Friendship Award in appreciation of her contributions to the development of China’s disaster assessment system of earthquake and the promotion of cooperation and exchanges between China and other countries. Chevalier’s choice of China as a research destination was not made by chance. Her research has primarily focused on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. She had also collaborated (合作) with Chinese scientists from the beginning of her master’s program. “When they asked if I wanted to join their team after my post-doctorate, I gladly accepted and have no regrets. My fourteen years in China have provided me with a constant source of fresh personal and professional experiences,” she said, adding that her mother’s interest in Chinese culture contributed to her decision to work in the country. Chevalier will continue to research active faults in and around Xizang actively and contribute to our understanding of how past climate developed to work towards predicting future climate change, another topic near and dear to her heart. She will accomplish this by conducting field research, sharing her findings with scientific community, teaching students who will become tomorrow’s scientists, and raising awareness among local populations about the risks they may face in their lifetime. Chevalier’s mother went to Xizang once, realising her lifelong dreams. Chevalier keeps raising her daughter in this safe and highly international environment, Beijing. When people ask her daughter where she is from at four years old, she proudly answers, “China!” Chevalier wants to learn more about the Chinese language and culture, continue to enjoy the happiness of the Chinese people, and look forward to seeing what China achieves next! 1．What achievement did Chevalier get? A．She established the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences B．She launched the research on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. C．She won the Chinese Government Friendship Award. D．She developed earthquake prediction system for China. 2．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．When Chevalier began her master’s program. B．What Chevalier experienced in China. C．How Chinese culture has affected Chevalier. D．Why Chevalier bases her research in China. 3．Which of the following best describes Chevalier? A．Professional and committed. B．Sympathetic and open minded. C．Humble and reserved. D．Innovative and self-disciplined. 4．Why does Chevalier mention her daughter in the text? A．To highlight China’s secure environment. B．To prove her close family connections. C．To emphasise her bond with China. D．To advocate Chinese learning 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍比利时/法国地质学家玛丽-露丝·谢瓦利埃博士在中国的研究经历、贡献以及对中国的热爱和认同。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In 2021. Chevalier was presented with the Chinese Government Friendship Award in appreciation of her contributions to the development of China’s disaster assessment system of earthquake and the promotion of cooperation and exchanges between China and other countries.(2021年，谢瓦利埃被授予中国政府友谊奖，以表彰她对中国地震灾害评估系统的发展以及中国与其他国家之间合作与交流的促进所作出的贡献。)”可知，她的成就是获得了中国政府友谊奖。故选C。 2．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Chevalier’s choice of China as a research destination was not made by chance. Her research has primarily focused on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. She had also collaborated (合作) with Chinese scientists from the beginning of her master’s program. “When they asked if I wanted to join their team after my post-doctorate, I gladly accepted and have no regrets. My fourteen years in China have provided me with a constant source of fresh personal and professional experiences,” she said, adding that her mother’s interest in Chinese culture contributed to her decision to work in the country.(谢瓦利埃选择中国作为研究目的地并非偶然。她的研究主要集中在青藏高原。她还在硕士课程开始时与中国科学家合作。“当他们问我博士毕业后是否想加入他们的团队时，我欣然接受并毫无悔意。我在中国的14年为我提供了源源不断的新的个人和专业经验，”她说，并补充说，她母亲对中国文化的兴趣促使她决定在该国工作。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是谢瓦利埃为什么将研究基地设在中国。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“For the past 14 years, she has been studying active faults (断层) in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and how they move.(在过去的14年里，她一直在研究青藏高原的活动断层及其运动方式。)”和文章第四段“Chevalier will continue to research active faults in and around Xizang actively and contribute to our understanding of how past climate developed to work towards predicting future climate change, another topic near and dear to her heart. She will accomplish this by conducting field research, sharing her findings with scientific community, teaching students who will become tomorrow’s scientists, and raising awareness among local populations about the risks they may face in their lifetime.(谢瓦利埃将继续积极研究西藏及其周边地区的活动断层，并致力于让我们了解过去的气候是如何发展的，以预测未来的气候变化，这是另一个她非常关心的课题。她将通过开展实地研究、与科学界分享她的发现、培养未来的科学家学生以及提高当地人口稠密地区的民众对其一生中可能面临的风险的认识来实现这一目标。)”可知，她非常专业和致力于她的研究。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“When people ask her daughter where she is from at four years old, she proudly answers, “China!” Chevalier wants to learn more about the Chinese language and culture, continue to enjoy the happiness of the Chinese people, and look forward to seeing what China achieves next!( 当有人问她四岁的女儿来自哪里时，她自豪地回答：“中国！”谢瓦利埃希望更多地了解中国的语言和文化，继续享受中国人民的幸福，并期待看到中国未来的成就！)”可知，作者提到她希望女儿能更多地了解中国的语言和文化，并期待看到中国未来的发展。这表明她对中国的深厚情感和对中国的认同，因此提到她的女儿是为了强调她与中国的紧密联系。故选C。 Passage 2 （2025·福建泉州·一模） From the sky, parts of Borneo look like the top of a giant broccoli (西兰花). As the world’s third largest island with tropical rain forest, it lies in Southeast Asia. I lived on Borneo and was fortunate to have many wild animals visit my backyard. During the first week in our home, I found a few eggs in a bed of dirt. I was told they were the eggs of a black spitting cobra (眼镜蛇) which was common here. Poison from its bite can kill a person in one to six hours. However, a cobra makes its living by eating small animals. It strikes at humans only in self-defense. We could live with our cobra by being careful not to surprise or scare it. As a family, my husband and I and our three children thought of ways to be on the lookout. We made up chants and rhymes that we recited aloud so that we were alert and aware whenever we set foot outdoors. One went: Cobra, cobra, are you there? Please don’t fall onto my hair. The other day, the snake was on a branch of an oil-palm tree, less than ten feet from where we were sipping tea. Everyone came out to see it, and chairs were arranged as if for a concert. Its skin was jet-black. It glistened in the sun and lay still. Only through the binoculars (望远镜) could we see her breathing. She seemed to enjoy all the attention. As we stared openmouthed at her grace, she missed a branch and fell splat to the ground. We burst out laughing as she recovered and wriggled up the tree. I joked with my husband it was funny the way the cobra was showing off so much that it got too sure of itself and fell. He replied snakes probably do not think like humans. Then I realized a snake would naturally stay near the oil-palm tree whose cores are a rich source of food for mice and squirrels. Small mammals are the cobra’s favorite meal. We shared the garden with the cobra for the rest of our stay and were sad indeed when we had to move and leave Borneo. 1．What can be learned about the cobra? A．It is into humans. B．It thinks like humans. C．Its favorite food is eggs. D．It is dangerous when threatened. 2．Why did we sing out “Cobra, cobra, are you there”? A．To scare away cobras. B．To draw cobras’ attention. C．To caution ourselves against dangers. D．To remind ourselves of small mammals. 3．Why did the cobra stay on an oil-palm tree? A．For food. B．For rest. C．For pleasure. D．For sunbathing. 4．What is the purpose of writing the passage? A．To show respect for mother nature. B．To call on people to protect snakes. C．To share an interesting life experience. D．To introduce a common cobra to readers. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者在婆罗洲生活期间与一条黑颈喷毒眼镜蛇共处一园的经历。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“Poison from its bite can kill a person in one to six hours. However, a cobra makes its living by eating small animals. It strikes at humans only in self-defense. We could live with our cobra by being careful not to surprise or scare it.(它咬出的毒液可以在一到六个小时内杀死一个人。然而，眼镜蛇以吃小动物为生。它攻击人类只是为了自卫。我们可以和眼镜蛇一起生活，小心不要惊吓它)”可知，眼镜蛇受到威胁时是危险的。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“As a family, my husband and I and our three children thought of ways to be on the lookout. We made up chants and rhymes that we recited aloud so that we were alert and aware whenever we set foot outdoors. One went: Cobra, cobra, are you there? Please don’t fall onto my hair.(作为一家人，我丈夫、我以及我们的三个孩子想出了各种办法来保持警惕。我们编了一些歌谣和韵律诗，并大声朗诵，这样每当我们走到户外时，就能保持警觉和留意周围环境。其中有一首是这样的：眼镜蛇，眼镜蛇，你在那里吗？请别掉到我的头发上)”可知，作者一家唱“眼镜蛇，眼镜蛇，你在那里吗？”是为了保持警觉和留意周围环境。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Then I realized a snake would naturally stay near the oil-palm tree whose cores are a rich source of food for mice and squirrels. Small mammals are the cobra’s favorite meal.(然后我意识到蛇自然会呆在油棕树附近，油棕树的核是老鼠和松鼠的丰富食物来源。小型哺乳动物是眼镜蛇最喜欢的食物)”可知，眼镜蛇停留在油棕树上是为了捕食。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段“From the sky, parts of Borneo look like the top of a giant broccoli (西兰花). As the world’s third largest island with tropical rain forest, it lies in Southeast Asia. I lived on Borneo and was fortunate to have many wild animals visit my backyard.(从天空上看，婆罗洲的部分地区就像一个巨大的西兰花的顶部。它位于东南亚，是世界第三大热带雨林岛屿。我住在婆罗洲，很幸运有很多野生动物来到我的后院)”以及纵观全文可知，本文讲述了作者在婆罗洲生活期间与一条黑颈喷毒眼镜蛇共处一园的经历，所以本文的目的是分享有趣的生活经历。故选C项。 Passage 3 （2024·福建宁德·一模） My senior year at Westfield High School was supposed to be the best year of my life. Instead, it turned into a lesson about friendship that I would never forget. My best friend, Emily, and I had been inseparable since middle school. But as graduation approached, the stress of exams and college applications began to weigh heavily on us. Emily and I became distant because of the different classes. I was focused on getting into a top university, while Emily was more interested in enjoying our last year together and having a better friend. Our differing goals led to disagreements, and soon enough, we started to argue over the smallest things. One day, things reached a boiling point. We had a huge fight over a group project. Days turned into weeks, and our friendship seemed beyond repair. We avoided each other at school and stopped sitting together at lunch. Our friends tried to help, but neither of us was willing to make the first move. The silence between us was deafening, and I missed her more than I wanted to admit. It wasn’t until our English teacher assigned us to work together on a final presentation that we were forced to confront each other. At first, we worked in tense silence. But as we spent more time together, the ice began to melt. One evening, as we were finishing up our project, Emily broke the silence. “I miss us,” she said softly. “I miss you, too,” I admitted, feeling a lump in my throat. “I’m sorry for being so hard on you. I just wanted everything to be perfect.” “I’m sorry too,” Emily replied. “I should have been more understanding.  We’re both stressed, but we shouldn’t let it ruin our friendship.” We hugged, and at that moment, it felt like a weight had been lifted off my shoulders. On the graduation day, we stood side by side, proud of what we had accomplished and grateful to each other. The experience made our bond stronger, and we knew that no matter where life took us, we would always be there for each other. Time will help you screen the right people. The true bonds won’t be changed by anything. If you don’t value it, countless regret will come to you some day when you can’t get it again. 1．What caused the initial tension between the author and Emily? A．Conflicts over college applications. B．Differences in academic performance. C．Different approaches to their group project. D．Varied priorities about their final year. 2．What made them restore their friendship? A．Their friends’ assistance. B．A school teacher’s intervention. C．Working on a school project together. D．Taking a timely break from each other. 3．How did the author feel after making up with Emily? A．Anxious. B．Relieved. C．Stressed. D．Uncertain. 4．Which of the following suits the story best? A．A friend is easier lost than found. B．A friend in need is a friend indeed. C．True friendship can stand the test of huge conflicts or quarrels. D．Friendship, once broken, will never be the same again. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和好朋友因为最后一年优先事项各不相同导致了关系紧张，最后通过一起完成学校项目修复了友谊的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Emily and I became distant because of the different classes. I was focused on getting into a top university, while Emily was more interested in enjoying our last year together and having a better friend.(艾米丽和我因为班级不同而疏远了。我专注于进入一所顶尖大学，而艾米丽更感兴趣的是享受我们在一起的最后一年，并有一个更好的朋友)”可知，最后一年的优先事项各不相同导致了作者和艾米丽之间最初的紧张关系。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“But as we spent more time together, the ice began to melt. One evening, as we were finishing up our project, Emily broke the silence. (但随着我们在一起的时间越来越长，冰开始融化。一天晚上，当我们正在完成我们的项目时，艾米丽打破了沉默)”可知，一起完成学校的项目使他们恢复了友谊。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“We hugged, and at that moment, it felt like a weight had been lifted off my shoulders. (我们拥抱在一起，那一刻，我感觉肩上的重担减轻了)”可推知，作者和Emily和好后感到如释重负。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“The experience made our bond stronger, and we knew that no matter where life took us, we would always be there for each other. Time will help you screen the right people. The true bonds won’t be changed by anything. If you don’t value it, countless regret will come to you some day when you can’t get it again.(这段经历让我们的关系更加牢固，我们知道，无论生活把我们带到哪里，我们都会永远在一起。时间会帮助你筛选合适的人。真正的纽带不会被任何东西改变。如果你不珍惜它，总有一天当你再也得不到它的时候，无数的遗憾会降临到你身上)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者和好朋友因为最后一年优先事项各不相同导致了关系紧张，最后通过一起完成学校项目修复了友谊的故事。可知，真正的友谊能经受分歧的考验。故选C。 主题02 人与社会——社会与文化 Passage 1 （2024·福建漳州·一模） For a long time after my husband, Dave, died, I was in a vast emptiness that filled my heart and lungs and limited my ability to think or even breathe. In the worst of my emptiness, I called Dave’s friend, Adam Grant, a psychologist and professor at Wharton. He convinced me that there was a bottom to this emptiness. While other people had tried to comfort me with personal stories, Adam walked me through the data. He said that by six months, more than half of people who lose a beloved one are past what psychologists classify as intense sorrow. No one has been handed only roses. We all encounter hardships. When they happen, what do we do next? I thought resilience (恢复力) was the capacity to bear pain. But according to Adam, it’s the strength and speed of our response to suffering, and we can build it. It isn’t about having a backbone. It’s about strengthening the muscles around our backbone. So out came this book Option B. It’s my and Adam’s attempt to share what we’ve learned about resilience. We wrote it together. We don’t pretend that hope will win out over pain every day. It won’t. We don’t assume to have experienced every possible kind of loss and setback ourselves. We haven’t. For each hopeful story we tell here, there are others where circumstances were too much to overcome. Try as we might to prevent misfortune, they still exist, and we are still left to tackle them. To fight for change tomorrow, we need to build resilience today. Along with reviewing research on how to recover and rebound from a wide range of hardships, Adam and I present stories of individuals and groups who have overcome ordinary and extraordinary difficulties. We look at the steps people can take to help themselves through tough times. We explore the psychology of recovery and the challenges of regaining confidence and rediscovering joy. We cover ways to speak about pain and comfort friends who are suffering. 1．Why did the author call Adam? A．To seek his professional advice. B．To talk about the book to be written. C．To get some data he was working on. D．To inform him of her husband’s death. 2．What does the author intend to do by mentioning a backbone and muscles? A．Draw a comparison. B．Clarify a concept. C．Highlight a difference. D．Explain a physical reaction. 3．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The method they wrote the book. B．The content of their book. C．The reason for writing the book. D．The people the book concerns. 4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To introduce a book. B．To define resilience. C．To share a painful experience. D．To offer life advice. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者结合自己向沃顿商学院的心理学家和教授亚当·格兰特寻求建议的经历介绍了一本名为Option B的书籍。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“In the worst of my emptiness, I called Dave’s friend, Adam Grant, a psychologist and professor at Wharton. He convinced me that there was a bottom to this emptiness.”（在我最空虚的时候，我打电话给戴夫的朋友亚当·格兰特，他是沃顿商学院的心理学家和教授。他让我相信，这种空虚是有尽头的）可知，作者打电话给Adam是为了寻求他的专业建议。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“I thought resilience (恢复力) was the capacity to bear pain. But according to Adam, it's the strength and speed of our response to suffering, and we can build it. It isn’t about having a backbone. It’s about strengthening the muscles around our backbone.”（我以为恢复力是承受痛苦的能力。但根据亚当的说法，这是我们应对苦难的力量和速度，我们可以建立它。这和脊梁无关。这是关于加强我们脊柱周围的肌肉。）可知，作者提到脊柱和肌肉是为了澄清一个概念，即恢复力不是指有脊柱，而是指加强脊柱周围的肌肉。故选B。 3．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Along with reviewing research on how to recover and rebound from a wide range of hardships, Adam and I present stories of individuals and groups who have overcome ordinary and extraordinary difficulties. We look at the steps people can take to help themselves through tough times. We explore the psychology of recovery and the challenges of regaining confidence and rediscovering joy. We cover ways to speak about pain and comfort friends who are suffering.”（除了回顾关于如何从各种各样的困难中恢复和反弹的研究，亚当和我还介绍了克服普通和特殊困难的个人和团体的故事。我们来看看人们可以采取哪些步骤来帮助自己度过难关。我们探索康复的心理学，以及重获信心和重新发现快乐的挑战。我们将介绍谈论痛苦和安慰正在受苦的朋友的方法）可知，最后一段主要介绍了他们书的内容。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据文章内容，尤其是第三段“So out came this book Option B. It’s my and Adam’s attempt to share what we’ve learned about resilience.”（于是，Option B这本书问世了。我和亚当试图分享我们对适应力的了解。我们一起写的）可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍一本书。故选A。 Passage 2 （2023·福建·一模） In 1959, Handler changed how toy dolls were made when she introduced “Barbie” to the world. With her mature figure, Barbie was one of the first “grown-up” dolls to hit the retail market. Handler wanted to create a toy that was different from the baby dolls that dominated little girls’ toy boxes. She wanted a doll that girls could project their future dreams upon and allowed for limitless clothing and career choices. Inspired by paper dolls of the time, Handler, to much disagreement, made sure Barbie had the body of a grown woman. “My own philosophy of Barbie,” Handler wrote in her autobiography, “was that through the doll, the little girl could be anything she wanted to be. Barbie always represented the fact that a woman had choices.” There’s even a Barbie for cancer patients — Brave Barbie — a partnership between Mattel and CureSearch that sends a bald (光头的) Barbie to families affected by cancer. “Gifting my daughter a Barbie who suffered from cancer was tremendous,” Michelle, a cancer survivor said, “We would play with that Barbie together and I’d heartbreakingly watch her pretend to take the doll to the hospital for chemo (化疗), or place its long wig on top of its head and tell the doll ‘It’s time to be beautiful again.’” Bald Barbie was super brave and went on awesome adventures after chemo. Sometimes she felt sick and needed to sleep, but would feel much better after a rest. Bald Barbie always beat the cancer and went on to live a long and happy life with her family. That Barbie became so much more than a plastic doll — she was a means of communication and a coping mechanism during an extremely distressing time for little families. 1．Why did Handler create Barbie? A．To make a hit in the retail market. B．To appeal to girls with her diverse outfits. C．To do a project on women’s career choices. D．To inspire girls to make choices as they wish. 2．How might Michelle feel when watching her daughter with Brave Barbie? A．Sad yet comforted. B．Envious yet proud. C．Overwhelmed and ashamed. D．Heartbroken and regretful. 3．What does Brave Barbie mean to Michelle’s family? A．A reliable emotional support. B．A glue for broken relationships. C．An effective practical treatment. D．A secret medium of negotiation. 4．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A medical journal. B．A charity brochure. C．A financial report. D．A story collection. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．A 4．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Handler创造芭比娃娃的初衷，以及其中一个名为Brave Barbie的洋娃娃对一个癌症女孩的帮助。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段的“She wanted a doll that girls could project their future dreams upon and allowed for limitless clothing and career choices. (她想要一个女孩们可以投射未来梦想的娃娃，并允许无限的服装和职业选择)”和第三段的“the little girl could be anything she wanted to be. Barbie always represented the fact that a woman had choices.(通过这个娃娃，小女孩可以成为任何她想成为的人。芭比娃娃一直代表着女性拥有选择权的事实)”可推知， Handler创造Barbie的目的是让激励女孩根据自己的意愿做出选择。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的““Gifting my daughter a Barbie who suffered from cancer was tremendous,” Michelle, a cancer survivor said, “We would play with that Barbie together and I’d heartbreakingly watch her pretend to take the doll to the hospital for chemo (化疗), or place its long wig on top of its head and tell the doll ‘It’s time to be beautiful again.’”(“送给我患癌症的女儿一个芭比娃娃真是太棒了，”癌症幸存者米歇尔说，“给我的女儿一个患了癌症的芭比娃娃是一件非常美妙的事情。我们会一起玩那个芭比娃娃，我心碎地看着她假装带着芭比娃娃去医院化疗，或者把它的长假发戴在它的头上，告诉它‘是时候变漂亮了’”)”可推知，Michelle看到女儿和Brave Barbie一起感到欣慰的同时也很难过。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Bald Barbie always beat the cancer and went on to live a long and happy life with her family. That Barbie became so much more than a plastic doll — she was a means of communication and a coping mechanism during an extremely distressing time for little families.(秃头芭比总是战胜癌症，并继续与她的家人过着漫长而幸福的生活。芭比娃娃不仅仅是一个塑料娃娃——她是一个沟通的工具，也是一个在小家庭极度痛苦时期的应对机制)”可推知，Brave Barbie对于米歇尔一家而言是可靠的情感支持，帮助女儿和这个家庭应对极度痛苦的阶段。故选A。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了Handler创造芭比娃娃的初衷，以及其中一个名为Brave Barbie的洋娃娃对一个癌症女孩和其家庭的帮助。由此推知，本文很有可能来自一本故事集。故选D。 Passage 3 （2023·福建·一模） As a child, I was proud of my southern origin. My own voice reflected my family’s past and present-part northern Mississippi, part Tennessee, all southern. There was no sound I loved more than my grandmother’s accent: thick, sweet, warm. While growing up, I began to realize outside of our region, southerners were often dismissed as uncultured and ignorant. I was ready to leave behind my tiny town in West Tennessee, starting a new life and jumping at big chances in some far-off cities. In that embarrassing space between “teen” and “adult”, my accent was a symbol of everything I thought I hated about my life in the rural South. I feared it would disqualify me from being a noted magazine writer. I would have to talk less “country”. So I killed a piece of myself. I’m ashamed of it, but I’m more ashamed that I tried to kill that part of someone else-change Emily’s accent. I met Emily in college. She was determined to work for the student newspaper, which was where I spent most of my waking hours, and we became friends. She, unlike me, accepted her roots. Early in our friendship, her mother asked where I was from, assuming it was somewhere up north. Then I felt my efforts paid off and even wanted to ignore the mistake. Emily is two years younger and she cared about my opinion. I advised her to be more like me and hide her signature Manchester accent. I stressed that throughout our college years, often by making fun of her vowel (元音) sounds. I told myself I was helping her achieve her dream of working as a reporter. Now, I see that it was actually about justifying my hiding part of myself. Grandma Carolyn used to tell me, “Girl, don’t forget where you come from.” Now I truly understand that. Many things have faded from memory, but this sticks in my mind with uncomfortable clarity. Now that I am grown and have left the South, it’s important to me. 1．What made the author want to leave her hometown? A．Appeal of convenience in cities. B．Her dream of becoming a writer. C．Outside prejudice against southerners. D．Her desire for the northern accent. 2．How did the author feel about the mistake of Emily’s mother? A．Upset. B．Pleased. C．Ashamed. D．Surprised. 3．Why on earth did the author try to change Emily’s accent? A．To prove herself right. B．To help Emily be a reporter. C．To make herself influential. D．To protect Emily’s self-dignity. 4．What message does the text want to convey? A．Stay true to your roots. B．Never do things by halves. C．Hold on to your dreams. D．Never judge a person by his accent. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者因为别人的偏见以及追求更好的生活改变自己的口音，但后来才意识到这样做抹杀了自己身份的一部分，也明白了要坚守本根。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段的“While growing up, I began to realize outside of our region, southerners were often dismissed as uncultured and ignorant. I was ready to leave behind my tiny town in West Tennessee, starting a new life and jumping at big chances in some far-off cities.(在成长过程中，我开始意识到，在我们的地区之外，南方人经常被认为是没有文化和无知的。我准备离开我在西田纳西州的小镇，开始新的生活，并在一些遥远的城市抓住大好机会)”可知，作者决定离开南部的家乡是因为其他人认为南方人没文化、无知，即外部对南方人的偏见。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段的“Early in our friendship, her mother asked where I was from, assuming it was somewhere up north. Then I felt my efforts paid off and even wanted to ignore the mistake.(在我们的友谊之初，她妈妈问我来自哪里，以为是北方的某个地方。然后我觉得我的努力得到了回报，甚至想忽略这个错误)”推知，当被Emily的妈妈误会来自北方时，作者是非常开心的。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段的“I feared it would disqualify me from being a noted magazine writer. I would have to talk less “country”. So I killed a piece of myself. (我担心这会使我失去成为著名杂志作家的资格。我就得少说些“乡村”了。所以我抹杀了自己身份的一部分)”，第三段的“She was determined to work for the student newspaper, which was where I spent most of my waking hours(她决心为校报工作，而我醒着的大部分时间都在那里度过的)”以及倒数第二段的“I advised her to be more like me and hide her signature Manchester accent. I stressed that throughout our college years, often by making fun of her vowel (元音) sounds. I told myself I was helping her achieve her dream of working as a reporter. (我建议她更像我，隐藏她标志性的曼彻斯特口音。在我们的大学生活中，我经常通过取笑她的元音来强调这一点。我告诉自己，我是在帮她实现当记者的梦想)”可知，作者通过改变自己的口音获得了在校报工作的机会。由此推知，作者努力改变Emily的口音是为了证明自己是对的，即改变南方口音就有可能获得好工作。故选A。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，并结合第二段的“I’m ashamed of it, but I’m more ashamed that I tried to kill that part of someone else-change Emily’s accent.(我很惭愧，但我更惭愧的是我试图抹杀别人的那部分——改变艾米丽的口音)”和最后一段“Grandma Carolyn used to tell me, “Girl, don’t forget where you come from.” Now I truly understand that. Many things have faded from memory, but this sticks in my mind with uncomfortable clarity. (卡罗琳奶奶过去常对我说：“女孩，别忘了你来自哪里。”现在我真的明白了。许多事情已经从记忆中消失了，但这件事却以令人不安的清晰印象留在了我的脑海中)”可知，文章想要传达的信息是：坚守本根。故选A。 Passage 4 （2023·福建三明·一模） Working out which colleges to apply for can be one of the most difficult decisions any high schooler can face, but Alena got it all out of the way early as she’s only 13 and already has her medical school offer. The application process for the medical school was “super stressful”, but she was adamant to follow her dreams regardless of what anyone said, even if it was “no”. “If I could say anything to another little girl that looks like me: never stop believing and don’t give up on your dreams just because somebody tells you ‘no’. You can do anything that you put your mind and your heart to,” she said. Alena is the youngest African American person to get into a US medical school, and the second-youngest person overall. Alena didn’t just wake up one day and decide to go to the medical school while in middle school — she’s a child genius. By the time she was 11 she’d already taken several high school courses. When Alena turned 12, she graduated from high school and is currently enrolled (注册) in online classes at Arizona State University. If all goes to plan for Alena, she’ll start studying to be a doctor at age 15, in 2024, and graduate when she’s 18 when other kids her age are preparing for their freshmen year at college. Although she’s so young, age is “not a big deal” to her and she is just a normal kid. She explained, “I’m in honors choir, I’m in cheerleading and I play soccer. I hang out at the mall with my friends like a 13-year-old does, and I also go to the movies and go swimming with them. I’m very structured and very disciplined.” 1．Why does the author mention the high schoolers’ college application? A．To show how fortunate Alena is. B．To explain high schoolers’ difficult life. C．To present preferences of high schoolers. D．To stress how unusual Alena is to get the offer. 2．What does the underlined word “adamant” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Determined. B．Qualified. C．Innocent. D．Patient. 3．What can be inferred about Alena? A．She is now studying in a high school. B．She is taking online university classes. C．She will become a doctor at the age of 15. D．She is the youngest to get into a US medical school. 4．Which of the following can best describe Alena’s life? A．Stressful but hopeful. B．Cheerful but meaningless. C．Rich and colorful. D．Simple and free. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了年仅13岁的Alena因为自身的天赋和坚持不懈的努力，成为被美国一所大学的医学院录取的最年轻的非裔美籍学生。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Working out which colleges to apply for can be one of the most difficult decisions any high schooler can face, but Alena got it all out of the way early as she’s only 13 and already has her medical school offer. (申请哪所大学可能是任何高中生面临的最困难的决定之一，但阿莱娜很早就解决了这个问题，因为只有13岁的她已经收到了医学院的录取通知)”可推知，作者提到了高中生的大学申请是为了强调只有13岁的Alena收到录取通知是多么不寻常。故选D项。 2．词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“The application process for the medical school was ‘super stressful’, but she was adamant to follow her dreams regardless of what anyone said, (申请医学院的过程“压力超级大”，但她was adamant to自己的梦想，不管别人说什么)”中转折连词“but”和“follow her dreams regardless of what anyone said”可推知，尽管申请医学院很难，但Alena坚持追逐梦想，所以划线词adamant与determined意思相近，意为“坚定的”。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“she graduated from high school and is currently enrolled (注册) in online classes at Arizona State University (她高中毕业，目前就读于亚利桑那州立大学的在线课程)”可知，Alena她正在上网上大学的课程。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“She explained, ‘I’m in honors choir, I’m in cheerleading and I play soccer. I hang out at the mall with my friends like a 13-year-old does, and I also go to the movies and go swimming with them. I’m very structured and very disciplined.’(她解释说:“我参加了荣誉合唱团，我参加了啦啦队，我踢足球。我像一个13岁的孩子那样和朋友们在商场里闲逛，我也和他们一起去看电影，去游泳。我很有条理，也很自律。”)”可推知，Alena的生活丰富多彩。故选C项。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题01 新闻报道 Passage 1 （2025·福建福州·一模） Floating pieces of Arctic sea ice rolled into complicated patterns as ocean currents carried them south along Greenland’s east coast in spring 2024. The MODIS (光谱仪) on NASA’s Terra satellite seized a moment of this dizzying journey on June 4,2024. Much of the ice has likely flowed a great distance to get to this point. The Fram Strait, connecting the Arctic Ocean with the Greenland Sea, serves as the primary route for sea ice out of the Arctic. Along the way, it breaks into smaller pieces and starts to melt in warmer ocean waters. “The smaller the floating ice, the more ‘wispy’ the patterns,” said Walt Meier, a sea ice scientist. The small ice pieces may only be meters across — too small to distinguish in MODIS imagery. Their gathering forms the smoke- like clouds rising from the water surface. As the summer wears on, ice will continue to be carried out of the Arctic. But in recent years, more of the Arctic Ocean’s sea ice has become too young and thin to make the journey south, noted Angela Bliss, a sea ice scientist at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center.“ Historically, when more of the Arctic sea ice would survive the summer melt season, growing thicker and older, a larger volume of sea ice would be transported through the Fram Strait,” she said. Some climate scientists are watching this decreased flow closely. The movement of sea ice and freshwater out of the Arctic is a component of ocean circulation (洋流) patterns that distribute heat around the planet. The “global ocean conveyor belt” transports cold water south and warm water north, contributing to climate conditions worldwide. “Less ice and freshwater transport have big impacts on ocean productivity, as well as warming upper ocean temperatures, in the region,” said Bliss. A 2023 study looking at two decades of related observations found that the East Greenland Current is moving less sea ice through the Fram Strait, primarily due to sea ice thinning. The researchers observed that summertime surface water temperatures off Greenland have risen, in part due to the increased presence of heat- absorbing open water. 1．What does the NASA image mainly show? A．The length of the coastline. B．The journey to the Arctic. C．A scene of sea ice movement. D．A pattern of the Arctic ice. 2．What does the underlined “wispy” possibly mean? A．Typical. B．Delicate. C．Evident. D．Similar. 3．Why are climate scientists monitoring the reduced flow? A．It affects the balance of global heat. B．It encourages Arctic ocean diversity. C．It leads to the pollution of freshwater. D．It speeds up the “ocean conveyor belt”. 4．What can we know about the changing sea ice in the last paragraph? A．Its theoretical basis. B．Its economic promise. C．Its impact on the Fram Strait. D．Its link with climate system. Passage 2 （2024·福建福州·一模） Almost no one knows the world of competitive climbing like Janja Garnbret, an Olympic gold medalist and eight-time world champion. Having risen to the top of the sport, the Slovenian now is using her platform to raise awareness of the “cultural trap” in climbing. She says it is contributing to a widespread issue with eating disorders. The problem is from an outdated idea that weighing less means you climb faster. Such a mindset has created an environment where young athletes start skipping or cutting down on meals, she says, sometimes to disastrous effect. Despite not having issues with eating disorders herself, she is more than aware of friends and fellow competitors who have damaged their bodies in the pursuit of a thinner figure. “I have to recognize that weight does have some role to play in the sport. I also want to win, but I’m a strong believer that you can do climbing, or any sport, in a healthy way. Luckily I didn’t fall into this trap.” She says. “I was trying hard to help them get out of it, but it didn’t work. It was really hard for me to see them destroying themselves, mentally and physically.” It was experiences such as this that inspired Gambret to post a message on the social platform in July 2023 about eating disorders. The post sparked a huge response throughout the climbing community and attracted support from the likes of US rock climber Sasha DiGiulian. In her message, Garnbret spoke about Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs) — a syndrome (综合征) that occurs when someone of any gender has overtrained and/or undereaten for a long period in an attempt to improve their athletic performance, often without knowing the dangers of failing to compensate (补偿) for the energy they consume in training, racing and their daily lives. Left untreated, medical experts say REDs can damage an athlete’s bone health, immune system, and psychological health, as well as his athletic performance. 1．What does the “cultural trap” in the text refer to? A．The defeat of eating disorders. B．The pursuit of a thinner figure. C．The idea of keeping daily meals. D．The mindset of climbing to the top. 2．Why did Garnbret decide to post the message on the social platform? A．She used to fall into the cultural trap. B．Her efforts to help dieters were in vain. C．Her achievements deserved to be shared. D．She wanted to receive support from DiGiulian. 3．What may lead to REDs according to the text? A．Severe mental problems. B．The habit of overeating. C．Over-exercise for a long time. D．The poor athletic performance. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Road to a World Champion B．Rising to Fame on Social Media C．The Challenge of Climbing with REDs D．Warning against Cultural Trap in Climbing 主题02 人与社会——公益事业 Passage 1 （2023·福建泉州·一模） Growing up in Kenya, Lesein Mutunkei, together with his family, always celebrated significant occasions by planting trees, which motivated him to protect the environment. It’s what the now 18-year-old soccer player treasures, especially since Kenya has an ongoing problem with deforestation. Mutunkei follows in the footsteps of the late Kenyan Nobel Peace Prize winner Wangari Maathai who founded the Green Belt Movement in 1977. This initiative has resulted in the planting of over 51 million trees to date. In 2018, Lesein decided to start a movement of his own. He started by planting one tree for every goal he scored during a football match. He called it Trees4Goals, and it has grown so much that he now plants 11 trees, one for each member of his team, every time he scores. Through this, he wants to inspire young people, specifically his fellow athletes, to follow in his footsteps, take nature conservation seriously, and promise to plant trees every time they score. As a result, some of them have adapted this practice for their sports. “Seeing that they’re taking that responsibility because of the project I started, for me, that is the biggest achievement,” he said. The initiative has caught the attention of English football club Arsenal and Kenya’s Ministry of Environment and Forestry, which he now works with regularly and gets advice from. Like Green Belt Movement, Trees4Goals, which has planted 5,500 trees so far, has made it. While Lesein has received some recognition for his initiative, he sets his sights on making it a worldwide phenomenon. “Football is a universal game, and climate change is a universal problem,” he explains. “It has the power to unite, educate and inspire my generation to create a safer and greener future.” This is why he wants to work with the world’s biggest football federation FIFA． As for what others can do to fight deforestation or other environmental concerns, the teenager says it’s important to just get involved in some way, no matter how small. 1．What made Lesein get interested in environmental protection? A．The influence of his family. B．Wangari Maathai’s huge assistances. C．The demand of the football team. D．His fellow athletes’ encouragement. 2．Why did Lesein found Trees4Goals? A．To gain Kenya’s support. B．To set an example for others. C．To catch Arsenal’s attention. D．To show his achievements. 3．What is Lesein’s hope for the future of Trees4Goals? A．Promoting football’s development. B．Going global with the help of FIFA． C．Beating climate change completely. D．Getting beyond Green Belt Movement. 4．What can we learn from Lesein’s story? A．Fame is a great thirst of the young. B．A youth is to be regarded with respect. C．Positive thinking and action result in success. D．Success means getting personal desires satisfied. Passage 2 （2024·福建宁德·一模） Sewing is frequently seen as an enjoyable and artistic activity. However, have you ever taken a moment to consider that for countless individuals worldwide, a sewing machine goes beyond its role as merely a tool, instead frequently serving as their crucial source of income? When Margaret Jankowski discovered this, she chose to establish The Sewing Machine Project, an organization dedicated to collecting donated sewing machines and distributing them in remote areas such as Sri Lanka, Guatemala, Guam, and Kosovo. Additionally, the organization seeks to assist communities in Detroit and New Orleans. After a tsunami struck Sri Lanka, Margaret was profoundly affected by the tale of a specific woman. The disaster ruined the woman’s village, resulting in her losing everything, including her sewing machine, which had been her primary means of earning a living. Moved by this story, Margaret made the decision to gather used sewing machines and ship them to Sri Lanka. After she announced her idea on a local news program, donations of sewing machines began pouring in from the community. The Sewing Machine Project covers a basic yet necessary need of many impoverished people around the world. For them, sewing can be a tool for survival. Whether in a factory or at home, a sewing machine can be the door to brighter financial opportunities. A sewing machine can also enable many to preserve their cultural identity. After Hurricane Katrina occurred in 2005, a community of New Orleans that wears skillfully-made suits for their own traditional festival lost many of their sewing machines. Since then, the non-profit organization has distributed hundreds of machines among the creators of the costumes, helping them maintain their tradition as well as their income. 1．What is the purpose of including a question in the first paragraph? A．To question the importance of sewing. B．To emphasize the role of sewing. C．To introduce the sewing project. D．To provide background information about sewing. 2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Inspiration for the project. B．The experience of Margaret in 2004. C．The story of a woman in Sri Lanka. D．Destruction of the 2004 tsunami. 3．What does the underlined word “impoverished” in paragraph 4 mean? A．uneducated. B．badly-off. C．exhausted. D．pessimistic. 4．Why is the community in New Orleans mentioned in the end? A．To highlight its cultural identity. B．To prove the importance of keeping traditions. C．To explain how organizations can provide immediate disaster relief. D．To show another function of sewing machines. Passage 3 （2023·福建厦门·一模） Jim Glaub and Dylan Parker had just been handed the keys to their new Manhattan apartment on 22nd Street when the outgoing tenant (房客) said something curious, “Just so you know, there’s this thing where letters addressed to Santa come to the apartment. The previous tenants received the mail too. It has been coming for years and no one knows why.” Glaub and Parker settled in to their new home, and for the first two years only a few letters from kids or parents asked “Santa” for gifts they could not otherwise afford. Then in the months leading to Christmas 2010, their mailbox was filled with letters to Santa every day. They responded to as many as they could, writing notes, even buying gifts. Glaub, of course, is not Santa. They could do only so much. But one night, when he and Parker threw a 1960s — themed Christmas party, a solution appeared. Guests noticed the hundreds of letters they’d yet to act upon and asked about them. Glaub told them the story and his guests were intrigued. “A lot of people were like, ‘I’ll take a letter. I’ll satisfy it.’” And so was born Miracle on 22nd Street. To spread the word, they started a website, miracleon22ndstreel.com, and a Facebook page. Working with other nonprofits that help those in need, they invited families from around the county to go online and request gifts for their children. Likewise, donors, also known as “elves,” can sign up to buy gifts for a child or family, accompanied by a signed note with Elf before their name, such as Elf Jim or Elf Jody. Last year, Glaub and Miracle on 22nd Street helped more than 800 families. Glaub no longer wonders why the letters come to the apartment. Putting in the long hours to help the families is what it’s all about for him. “It’s part of Christmas for me,” he says, “It wouldn’t be Christmas without it.” 1．What did the tenant think of receiving the letters in the apartment? A．Odd. B．Exciting. C．Frightening D．Disturbing. 2．What can be implied about the couple in paragraph 2? A．They got really bothered. B．They had tried their best. C．They overcame the challenge. D．They were content with their new life. 3．What does the underlined word “intrigued” mean in paragraph 3? A．Puzzled. B．Relieved. C．Interested. D．Surprised. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．How a volunteer organization is formed. B．How Miracle on 22nd Street is operated. C．How a kind couple deal with letters to Santa. D．How donors purchase gifts for families in need. 主题01 人与自我——学习与生活 Passage 1 （2024·福建泉州·一模） Dr. Marie-Luce Chevalier, a Belgian/French geologist (地质学家), has been working a as a research professor at the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences in Beijing since 2010. For the past 14 years, she has been studying active faults (断层) in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and how they move. In 2021, Chevalier was presented with the Chinese Government Friendship Award in appreciation of her contributions to the development of China’s disaster assessment system of earthquake and the promotion of cooperation and exchanges between China and other countries. Chevalier’s choice of China as a research destination was not made by chance. Her research has primarily focused on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. She had also collaborated (合作) with Chinese scientists from the beginning of her master’s program. “When they asked if I wanted to join their team after my post-doctorate, I gladly accepted and have no regrets. My fourteen years in China have provided me with a constant source of fresh personal and professional experiences,” she said, adding that her mother’s interest in Chinese culture contributed to her decision to work in the country. Chevalier will continue to research active faults in and around Xizang actively and contribute to our understanding of how past climate developed to work towards predicting future climate change, another topic near and dear to her heart. She will accomplish this by conducting field research, sharing her findings with scientific community, teaching students who will become tomorrow’s scientists, and raising awareness among local populations about the risks they may face in their lifetime. Chevalier’s mother went to Xizang once, realising her lifelong dreams. Chevalier keeps raising her daughter in this safe and highly international environment, Beijing. When people ask her daughter where she is from at four years old, she proudly answers, “China!” Chevalier wants to learn more about the Chinese language and culture, continue to enjoy the happiness of the Chinese people, and look forward to seeing what China achieves next! 1．What achievement did Chevalier get? A．She established the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences B．She launched the research on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. C．She won the Chinese Government Friendship Award. D．She developed earthquake prediction system for China. 2．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．When Chevalier began her master’s program. B．What Chevalier experienced in China. C．How Chinese culture has affected Chevalier. D．Why Chevalier bases her research in China. 3．Which of the following best describes Chevalier? A．Professional and committed. B．Sympathetic and open minded. C．Humble and reserved. D．Innovative and self-disciplined. 4．Why does Chevalier mention her daughter in the text? A．To highlight China’s secure environment. B．To prove her close family connections. C．To emphasise her bond with China. D．To advocate Chinese learning Passage 2 （2025·福建泉州·一模） From the sky, parts of Borneo look like the top of a giant broccoli (西兰花). As the world’s third largest island with tropical rain forest, it lies in Southeast Asia. I lived on Borneo and was fortunate to have many wild animals visit my backyard. During the first week in our home, I found a few eggs in a bed of dirt. I was told they were the eggs of a black spitting cobra (眼镜蛇) which was common here. Poison from its bite can kill a person in one to six hours. However, a cobra makes its living by eating small animals. It strikes at humans only in self-defense. We could live with our cobra by being careful not to surprise or scare it. As a family, my husband and I and our three children thought of ways to be on the lookout. We made up chants and rhymes that we recited aloud so that we were alert and aware whenever we set foot outdoors. One went: Cobra, cobra, are you there? Please don’t fall onto my hair. The other day, the snake was on a branch of an oil-palm tree, less than ten feet from where we were sipping tea. Everyone came out to see it, and chairs were arranged as if for a concert. Its skin was jet-black. It glistened in the sun and lay still. Only through the binoculars (望远镜) could we see her breathing. She seemed to enjoy all the attention. As we stared openmouthed at her grace, she missed a branch and fell splat to the ground. We burst out laughing as she recovered and wriggled up the tree. I joked with my husband it was funny the way the cobra was showing off so much that it got too sure of itself and fell. He replied snakes probably do not think like humans. Then I realized a snake would naturally stay near the oil-palm tree whose cores are a rich source of food for mice and squirrels. Small mammals are the cobra’s favorite meal. We shared the garden with the cobra for the rest of our stay and were sad indeed when we had to move and leave Borneo. 1．What can be learned about the cobra? A．It is into humans. B．It thinks like humans. C．Its favorite food is eggs. D．It is dangerous when threatened. 2．Why did we sing out “Cobra, cobra, are you there”? A．To scare away cobras. B．To draw cobras’ attention. C．To caution ourselves against dangers. D．To remind ourselves of small mammals. 3．Why did the cobra stay on an oil-palm tree? A．For food. B．For rest. C．For pleasure. D．For sunbathing. 4．What is the purpose of writing the passage? A．To show respect for mother nature. B．To call on people to protect snakes. C．To share an interesting life experience. D．To introduce a common cobra to readers. Passage 3 （2024·福建宁德·一模） My senior year at Westfield High School was supposed to be the best year of my life. Instead, it turned into a lesson about friendship that I would never forget. My best friend, Emily, and I had been inseparable since middle school. But as graduation approached, the stress of exams and college applications began to weigh heavily on us. Emily and I became distant because of the different classes. I was focused on getting into a top university, while Emily was more interested in enjoying our last year together and having a better friend. Our differing goals led to disagreements, and soon enough, we started to argue over the smallest things. One day, things reached a boiling point. We had a huge fight over a group project. Days turned into weeks, and our friendship seemed beyond repair. We avoided each other at school and stopped sitting together at lunch. Our friends tried to help, but neither of us was willing to make the first move. The silence between us was deafening, and I missed her more than I wanted to admit. It wasn’t until our English teacher assigned us to work together on a final presentation that we were forced to confront each other. At first, we worked in tense silence. But as we spent more time together, the ice began to melt. One evening, as we were finishing up our project, Emily broke the silence. “I miss us,” she said softly. “I miss you, too,” I admitted, feeling a lump in my throat. “I’m sorry for being so hard on you. I just wanted everything to be perfect.” “I’m sorry too,” Emily replied. “I should have been more understanding.  We’re both stressed, but we shouldn’t let it ruin our friendship.” We hugged, and at that moment, it felt like a weight had been lifted off my shoulders. On the graduation day, we stood side by side, proud of what we had accomplished and grateful to each other. The experience made our bond stronger, and we knew that no matter where life took us, we would always be there for each other. Time will help you screen the right people. The true bonds won’t be changed by anything. If you don’t value it, countless regret will come to you some day when you can’t get it again. 1．What caused the initial tension between the author and Emily? A．Conflicts over college applications. B．Differences in academic performance. C．Different approaches to their group project. D．Varied priorities about their final year. 2．What made them restore their friendship? A．Their friends’ assistance. B．A school teacher’s intervention. C．Working on a school project together. D．Taking a timely break from each other. 3．How did the author feel after making up with Emily? A．Anxious. B．Relieved. C．Stressed. D．Uncertain. 4．Which of the following suits the story best? A．A friend is easier lost than found. B．A friend in need is a friend indeed. C．True friendship can stand the test of huge conflicts or quarrels. D．Friendship, once broken, will never be the same again. 主题02 人与社会——社会与文化 Passage 1 （2024·福建漳州·一模） For a long time after my husband, Dave, died, I was in a vast emptiness that filled my heart and lungs and limited my ability to think or even breathe. In the worst of my emptiness, I called Dave’s friend, Adam Grant, a psychologist and professor at Wharton. He convinced me that there was a bottom to this emptiness. While other people had tried to comfort me with personal stories, Adam walked me through the data. He said that by six months, more than half of people who lose a beloved one are past what psychologists classify as intense sorrow. No one has been handed only roses. We all encounter hardships. When they happen, what do we do next? I thought resilience (恢复力) was the capacity to bear pain. But according to Adam, it’s the strength and speed of our response to suffering, and we can build it. It isn’t about having a backbone. It’s about strengthening the muscles around our backbone. So out came this book Option B. It’s my and Adam’s attempt to share what we’ve learned about resilience. We wrote it together. We don’t pretend that hope will win out over pain every day. It won’t. We don’t assume to have experienced every possible kind of loss and setback ourselves. We haven’t. For each hopeful story we tell here, there are others where circumstances were too much to overcome. Try as we might to prevent misfortune, they still exist, and we are still left to tackle them. To fight for change tomorrow, we need to build resilience today. Along with reviewing research on how to recover and rebound from a wide range of hardships, Adam and I present stories of individuals and groups who have overcome ordinary and extraordinary difficulties. We look at the steps people can take to help themselves through tough times. We explore the psychology of recovery and the challenges of regaining confidence and rediscovering joy. We cover ways to speak about pain and comfort friends who are suffering. 1．Why did the author call Adam? A．To seek his professional advice. B．To talk about the book to be written. C．To get some data he was working on. D．To inform him of her husband’s death. 2．What does the author intend to do by mentioning a backbone and muscles? A．Draw a comparison. B．Clarify a concept. C．Highlight a difference. D．Explain a physical reaction. 3．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The method they wrote the book. B．The content of their book. C．The reason for writing the book. D．The people the book concerns. 4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To introduce a book. B．To define resilience. C．To share a painful experience. D．To offer life advice. Passage 2 （2023·福建·一模） In 1959, Handler changed how toy dolls were made when she introduced “Barbie” to the world. With her mature figure, Barbie was one of the first “grown-up” dolls to hit the retail market. Handler wanted to create a toy that was different from the baby dolls that dominated little girls’ toy boxes. She wanted a doll that girls could project their future dreams upon and allowed for limitless clothing and career choices. Inspired by paper dolls of the time, Handler, to much disagreement, made sure Barbie had the body of a grown woman. “My own philosophy of Barbie,” Handler wrote in her autobiography, “was that through the doll, the little girl could be anything she wanted to be. Barbie always represented the fact that a woman had choices.” There’s even a Barbie for cancer patients — Brave Barbie — a partnership between Mattel and CureSearch that sends a bald (光头的) Barbie to families affected by cancer. “Gifting my daughter a Barbie who suffered from cancer was tremendous,” Michelle, a cancer survivor said, “We would play with that Barbie together and I’d heartbreakingly watch her pretend to take the doll to the hospital for chemo (化疗), or place its long wig on top of its head and tell the doll ‘It’s time to be beautiful again.’” Bald Barbie was super brave and went on awesome adventures after chemo. Sometimes she felt sick and needed to sleep, but would feel much better after a rest. Bald Barbie always beat the cancer and went on to live a long and happy life with her family. That Barbie became so much more than a plastic doll — she was a means of communication and a coping mechanism during an extremely distressing time for little families. 1．Why did Handler create Barbie? A．To make a hit in the retail market. B．To appeal to girls with her diverse outfits. C．To do a project on women’s career choices. D．To inspire girls to make choices as they wish. 2．How might Michelle feel when watching her daughter with Brave Barbie? A．Sad yet comforted. B．Envious yet proud. C．Overwhelmed and ashamed. D．Heartbroken and regretful. 3．What does Brave Barbie mean to Michelle’s family? A．A reliable emotional support. B．A glue for broken relationships. C．An effective practical treatment. D．A secret medium of negotiation. 4．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A medical journal. B．A charity brochure. C．A financial report. D．A story collection. Passage 3 （2023·福建·一模） As a child, I was proud of my southern origin. My own voice reflected my family’s past and present-part northern Mississippi, part Tennessee, all southern. There was no sound I loved more than my grandmother’s accent: thick, sweet, warm. While growing up, I began to realize outside of our region, southerners were often dismissed as uncultured and ignorant. I was ready to leave behind my tiny town in West Tennessee, starting a new life and jumping at big chances in some far-off cities. In that embarrassing space between “teen” and “adult”, my accent was a symbol of everything I thought I hated about my life in the rural South. I feared it would disqualify me from being a noted magazine writer. I would have to talk less “country”. So I killed a piece of myself. I’m ashamed of it, but I’m more ashamed that I tried to kill that part of someone else-change Emily’s accent. I met Emily in college. She was determined to work for the student newspaper, which was where I spent most of my waking hours, and we became friends. She, unlike me, accepted her roots. Early in our friendship, her mother asked where I was from, assuming it was somewhere up north. Then I felt my efforts paid off and even wanted to ignore the mistake. Emily is two years younger and she cared about my opinion. I advised her to be more like me and hide her signature Manchester accent. I stressed that throughout our college years, often by making fun of her vowel (元音) sounds. I told myself I was helping her achieve her dream of working as a reporter. Now, I see that it was actually about justifying my hiding part of myself. Grandma Carolyn used to tell me, “Girl, don’t forget where you come from.” Now I truly understand that. Many things have faded from memory, but this sticks in my mind with uncomfortable clarity. Now that I am grown and have left the South, it’s important to me. 1．What made the author want to leave her hometown? A．Appeal of convenience in cities. B．Her dream of becoming a writer. C．Outside prejudice against southerners. D．Her desire for the northern accent. 2．How did the author feel about the mistake of Emily’s mother? A．Upset. B．Pleased. C．Ashamed. D．Surprised. 3．Why on earth did the author try to change Emily’s accent? A．To prove herself right. B．To help Emily be a reporter. C．To make herself influential. D．To protect Emily’s self-dignity. 4．What message does the text want to convey? A．Stay true to your roots. B．Never do things by halves. C．Hold on to your dreams. D．Never judge a person by his accent. Passage 4 （2023·福建三明·一模） Working out which colleges to apply for can be one of the most difficult decisions any high schooler can face, but Alena got it all out of the way early as she’s only 13 and already has her medical school offer. The application process for the medical school was “super stressful”, but she was adamant to follow her dreams regardless of what anyone said, even if it was “no”. “If I could say anything to another little girl that looks like me: never stop believing and don’t give up on your dreams just because somebody tells you ‘no’. You can do anything that you put your mind and your heart to,” she said. Alena is the youngest African American person to get into a US medical school, and the second-youngest person overall. Alena didn’t just wake up one day and decide to go to the medical school while in middle school — she’s a child genius. By the time she was 11 she’d already taken several high school courses. When Alena turned 12, she graduated from high school and is currently enrolled (注册) in online classes at Arizona State University. If all goes to plan for Alena, she’ll start studying to be a doctor at age 15, in 2024, and graduate when she’s 18 when other kids her age are preparing for their freshmen year at college. Although she’s so young, age is “not a big deal” to her and she is just a normal kid. She explained, “I’m in honors choir, I’m in cheerleading and I play soccer. I hang out at the mall with my friends like a 13-year-old does, and I also go to the movies and go swimming with them. I’m very structured and very disciplined.” 1．Why does the author mention the high schoolers’ college application? A．To show how fortunate Alena is. B．To explain high schoolers’ difficult life. C．To present preferences of high schoolers. D．To stress how unusual Alena is to get the offer. 2．What does the underlined word “adamant” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Determined. B．Qualified. C．Innocent. D．Patient. 3．What can be inferred about Alena? A．She is now studying in a high school. B．She is taking online university classes. C．She will become a doctor at the age of 15. D．She is the youngest to get into a US medical school. 4．Which of the following can best describe Alena’s life? A．Stressful but hopeful. B．Cheerful but meaningless. C．Rich and colorful. D．Simple and free. 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $