Unit 6 Section Ⅰ“Understanding ideas”的课文习读环节-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册配套课件PPT（外研版）

该高中英语课件围绕“探索宇宙奥秘”主题，涵盖中国航天成就、人类太空探索历程及探索精神，复习情态动词用法。通过观看太阳系视频、精读“挑战者”号事件语篇等导入，以文脉梳理、主旨归纳为支架，衔接听读输入与写太空日志、表达观点等输出活动。 其亮点在于融合语言能力、思维品质与文化意识，如分析“挑战者”号事件时间顺序培养逻辑思维，写日志提升表达能力，中国航天内容激发家国情怀。采用语篇精读与读写结合方法，助力学生提升综合语言运用能力，为教师提供系统教学资源。

Space and beyond UNIT 6 1 把握单元素养目标 主题意识 本单元的主题是 “探索宇宙奥秘”。通过了解中国航天的发展与成就、了解人类对太空的探索过程，以及人类不怕牺牲、永不止步的探索精神，激发探索宇宙的好奇心与兴趣，并能联系自身实际，树立在挫折与困难面前不轻言放弃、勇往直前的人生态度。 语法项目 复习和总结情态动词在不同语境下的功能，并能在实际生活中灵活运用。 续表 语言 输入   听 能够听懂与探索宇宙奥秘相关的话题内容。 读 能够理解关于太空探索的语篇，了解人类探索太空过程中的重大事件。 看 通过观看视频，了解太阳系的相关知识。 语言 写 能够完成一篇自己的太空生活日志。 输出 说 能够恰当表达自己对太空探索的观点和期望，运用所学词汇和表达想象并描述在太空的生活。 “Understanding ideas”的 课文习读环节 Section Ⅰ 课文阅读理解 课文写法借鉴 美文阅读润心 课时跟踪检测 Contents 目录 01 02 03 04 5 01 课文阅读理解 泛读课文，完成以下学习任务 (一)理清文脉结构 accustomed achievements civilian shadow exploded successful sacrifice distant √ (二)把握主旨大意 1．What is the theme of the text about? A．The space travel. B．The Challenger disaster. C．The great astronauts. D．The Challenger spirit. √ 2．What's the author's purpose in writing the article? A．To inform us how the Challenger exploded after it took off. B．To warn us not to concentrate on space any more. C．To call on us to continue to explore the space however difficult it will be. D．To tell us the world had lost its wonder when the Challenger was sent into space. 精读课文，完成以下学习任务 (一)阅读理解 1．How did people think of the first lunar landing? A．Exciting but frightening. B．Arduous and hazardous. C．Safe and smooth. D．Amazing and inspiring. √ 2．What was special about the Challenger excursion? A．Great rockets were used. B．The space shuttle had been replaced. C．Millions of people witnessed the take-off on TV. D．An ordinary teacher and mother was about to become the first civilian in space. √ 3．What's the influence of the Challenger's failure? A．Space shuttle flights were suspended for several years. B．Many scientists were involved in investigating the disaster. C．People lost confidence in the space shuttle. D．Many people were sent to rescue survivors. √ 4．How does the author develop the passage? A．By following the order of time. B．By giving examples. C．By following the order of space. D．By following the order of importance. √ (二)阅读表达 1．How do you understand the title “The Call of the Challenger” now? Dangerous as it is, people will never stop the pace of space exploration.The heroic deeds of the astronauts inspire us to go on with the exploration. 2．Would you like to go into space one day? Give your reasons. Yes.In my view, humans are intelligent creatures, and therefore have a natural tendency to explore the unknown.Through the exploration of the universe, we can better understand the universe, the evolution, the formation of the universe and so on.The evolution of the whole universe is a complete book of physics, which is worth exploring and studying by human beings. |阅|读|技|能|提|升| 本文的语篇类型为论说文。阅读时应首先弄清文章的论点是什么。本文的论点在尾段出现。文章通过讲述“挑战者”号航天飞机失事的前后经过，指出尽管这次失败给美国的太空探索计划和民众心理都造成了巨大的影响，但未能阻挡人们探索太空的脚步和决心。 02 课文写法借鉴 (一)赏用词之妙 1．Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets, their hearts in their mouths, aware of how arduous and hazardous an undertaking it was, and of the many things that could go wrong. 赏析：their hearts in their mouths生动地描写了人们的激动之情； arduous and hazardous 则精准地定位出这次飞行的危险程度。 2．Following the Moon landings, space travel rapidly became unexceptional to the public，as innovations succeeded each other. 赏析：本句中的became unexceptional to 说明当时太空探索在人们心里已经成为平常事。后半句中的succeed则是熟词生义的用法，表示“随后出现”。 3．The memory of those seven will live forever, written in the stars, inspiring us to join them in humanity's greatest journey of exploration and discovery. 赏析：此处作者满怀深情地运用了文学性语言 live forever，written in the stars及join them in humanity's greatest journey，表达了对“挑战者”号机组人员的缅怀之情。 [提能训练|完成句子] ①When the judge was about to announce the final result, all the contestants sat there,_________________________. 当评委即将宣布最终结果时，所有参赛者都坐在那里，心都提到了嗓子眼。 ②Their early success __________________a period of miserable failure. 他们起初获得成功，但随后有一段惨痛失败的时期。 their hearts in their mouths was succeeded by (二)赏句式之高 1．But there was never any doubt that manned flights would continue, and on 29 September 1988, the space shuttle programme resumed with the successful launch of Discovery. 赏析：本句中there was never any doubt that ...等同于there was no doubt that ...，意为“毫无疑问……”，表明人类探索太空的决心是毋庸置疑的。 2．The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us, reminding us that we must continue to reach for the stars, no matter how distant they might seem. 赏析：本句中运用了现在分词短语作状语，that引导的宾语从句及no matter how引导的让步状语从句，表明“挑战者”号的牺牲激励着人们要持之以恒地去探索太空。 [提能训练|完成句子] ①___________________________, it's necessary to find some time to relax yourself. 无论你多忙，都有必要找时间放松一下。 ②__________________________ he will win the competition. 他将会赢得比赛，这是毋庸置疑的。 No matter how busy you are There is never any doubt that (三)赏描摹之韵 1．(情绪描写)The world went into shock, most people having assumed that this space flight would be no more dangerous than travelling in an aeroplane. How wrong they had been! Instantaneously, excitement and optimism turned into terror and failure. 赏析：此处的动词短语went into shock和turned into terror and failure，以及How引导的感叹句和副词instantaneously，形象地描绘了“挑战者”号航天飞机的空难给人们带来的震惊与恐惧之情。 2．(场景描写)We had seen the smiling faces of the astronauts waving to the world as they stepped into the shuttle. Then, little more than a minute after take-off, we saw a strange red and orange light in the sky, followed by a cloud of white smoke. The Challenger had exploded in mid-air and we all started screaming. 赏析： the smiling faces of the astronauts与 all started screaming形成强烈的反差，呈现了人们从喜悦到惊惧的心情起伏，突出了“挑战者”号航天飞机爆炸带来的情感冲击。同时，对爆炸现场的细节描写，让读者犹如身临其境，感同身受。 [提能训练] ①(完成句子)Hearing the unexpected news, Mary______________, as if_________________. 听到这个意外的消息，玛丽呆住了，动弹不得。 froze with shock rooted to the spot ②(翻译句子)Returning to the window, he opened it and looked out. There was no fog at all, but a clear, bright and cold day, golden sunlight, blue sky, sweet clean air, and merry bells. Oh! Wonderful! Wonderful! 他回到窗前，打开窗子向外望去。根本没有雾，______________ ___________________________________________________________。噢，太美妙了！太美妙了！ 天气晴朗、明亮、 寒冷，金色的阳光，湛蓝的天空，清新的空气，还有悦耳的铃铛声 03 美文阅读润心 自古以来，人类就一直对太空充满了好奇和渴望。在现代科学技术的支持下，我们终于有了更多的机会去探索和了解太空。从航天飞机到国际空间站，从火星到土星，人类在太空探索方面的成果越来越多。但对太空探索的质疑也一直存在，太空探索是对时间和金钱的浪费吗？阅读下面文章，了解太空探索的重要意义。 Firstly, exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger.It has directly resulted in the many satellites that now orbit Earth.A number of the satellites record data on land and weather patterns.Then the data is transmitted to scientists on Earth.After careful analysis, the scientists can provide useful recommendations and advice for farmers.As a result, space-based science has helped farming in its efforts to grow enough food to feed Earth's increasing population. Finally, sending astronauts into space has helped people to think about the world's problems and even to find ways to solve them.Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our planet's resources are limited.In order to provide for such a rapidly increasing population, scientists are trying to find other planets that could one day be our new home.The greatest attention at present is on Mars because it is closer to Earth.In the future, humans may live on both planets. In closing, exploring space provides the world with many different benefits.Therefore, it should continue so as to provide new and better solutions to people's short-term and long-term problems. [阅读理解] 1．How has exploring space helped in the fight against world hunger? A．By sending astronauts to grow food in space. B．By providing data for farmers through satellites. C．By developing new types of food for the poor. D．By solving pollution problems in farming areas. √ 2．What is an example of a daily product benefited by space technologies? A．Smartphones. B．Medical robots. C．Pollution detectors. D．Weather forecasting tools. √ 3．Why does the author mention Mars in the passage? A．To show it is the easiest planet to explore. B．To explain why it is closer to Earth than others. C．To suggest it could be a future home for humans. D．To prove it has more resources than Earth. √ [素养积累] 1．由文积词汇 fatal adj.　 　　　　 致命的；灾难性的 shallow adj. 肤浅的 make a difference 有影响，起作用 transmit v. 传输，传送 analysis n. (对事物的)分析；分析结果 recommendation n. 建议，提议 space-based adj. 基于空间的 high-end adj. 高端的 2．据文悟句式 句①　this is a shallow view ...为省略that的宾语从句，其中含有which引导的定语从句和how引导的宾语从句。 句②　介词短语because of后跟名词短语advanced technology, which was first created to ...为定语从句，修饰先行词advanced technology。 04 课时跟踪检测 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Data obtained from China's Zhurong rover (探测器) indicate that the ocean — known as Deuteronilus — would have existed roughly 3.5 to 4 billion years ago, a time when Mars had a thicker atmosphere and warmer climate. According to scientists, hidden underneath the red planet is evidence that there were once sandy beaches and a sizeable ocean on it. The rover, which operated from May 2021 to May 2022, travelled about 1.9km on the planet, and detected materials with properties similar to sand around 10m — 35m below the surface. The sand-like material all sloped (倾斜) in the same direction and at an angle, similar to beaches on Earth, and spanned about 1.5km, researchers said. These Earth-like features led researchers to investigate whether they were truly formed by ancient waves. The study, published in a journal, said these beaches would have been the result of long-term impacts of waves and tides, similar to how such forces shaped Earth's landscapes. The discovery could be crucial in finding out if Mars's surface supported living organisms. “Shorelines are great locations to look for evidence of past life，” co-author of the study, Michael Manga of the University of California, Berkeley, said. “It's thought that the earliest life on Earth began at locations like this, near the interface of air and shallow water.” To confirm this hypothesis, the team systematically ruled out alternative explanations. According to Benjamin Cardenas, fellow co-author and Penn State geoscientist, researchers were able to rule out that the structures detected by the rover were ancient rivers or sand dunes (沙丘). “Beaches simply fit the observations best，” he said. “Dunes tend to come in groups, and these groups produce characteristic patterns not present in these deposits (沉积物)．.. We also considered ancient rivers, but we rejected that theory for similar reasons based on the patterns we saw in the deposits.” √ 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，中国“祝融号”探测器获取的数据表明，被称为Deuteronilus的海洋可能存在于约35亿至40亿年前，即揭示了火星在数十亿年前曾有一个大型海洋。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了根据“祝融号”火星车的探测数据，研究者指出火星上的海滩可能是波浪和潮汐长期作用的结果，并排除了其他地质解释。 1．What did the Zhurong rover's data reveal about Mars? A．Its surface was once covered with sand. B．It witnessed ups and downs in life forms. C．It had a large ocean billions of years ago. D．Its atmosphere experienced significant changes. √ 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第一句和第三段第一句可知，这些火星上的特征类似地球，且研究指出火星海滩可能是波浪和潮汐长期作用的结果，与地球上类似力量塑造地貌的方式相似，由此可推断火星海滩可能经历了与地球上相似的过程。 2．What can be inferred about Martian beaches? A．They sloped at varied angles. B．They were found on the surface of Mars. C．They must have held rich organisms at a certain period. D．They might have experienced similar processes to those on Earth. √ 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句和第四段第一句可知，研究指出火星海滩由波浪和潮汐长期作用形成，研究团队系统地排除了其他可能的解释，目的是验证这一相关假设，所以画线词意为“假设，猜想”。 3．What does the underlined word “hypothesis” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Discovery. B．Assumption. C．Approach. D．Principle. √ 解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，研究者考虑了古代河流的可能性，但根据沉积物的特征否定了这一理论，因此态度是否定的。 4．What's the researchers' attitude towards the “ancient rivers” explanation? A．Negative. B．Supportive. C．Tolerant. D．Mixed. B The thing about space is that it's huge — terrifyingly, impossibly vast. It took three days for the Apollo to get to the moon. It takes between five months and a year to get to Mars and approximately five years to get to Jupiter (木星). The nearest star outside the Solar System is Proxima Centauri (半人马比邻星), which would take the Voyager spacecraft 80,000 years or so to get to. We're not really constructed for space travel. We don't live very long, relatively speaking. Our muscles and skeleton need gravity. We need oxygen, warmth, water and food, whereas space doesn't have any of these. We're also not in good conditions with high doses of radiation. In other words, space exploration is an incredibly dangerous venture. When I was a kid, exploring space was a big deal. The first space mission I remember was Viking 2, which landed on Mars. Honestly, I was expecting it to find alien life. Not intelligent life, maybe, but life. Subsequently, I knew with absolute certainty that we were not alone in the universe. It was only a matter of time before we'd pick up radio signals from an alien civilization. I figured that one day in the not-too-distant future, those aliens would land, and we'd eventually get to know our intergalactic (星系间的) neighbors. When the Space Shuttle program was first announced, I was convinced that the future was approaching. We were reaching outward. Humans were going to explore the universe, come into contact with aliens, live on other worlds, and have adventures. And it was all going to be fulfilled in my lifetime. Of course, none of that has happened. There have been lots of incredible missions including Voyager 1 and 2, New Horizons, and Cassini. None of these missions have involved astronauts, and the future that a lot of us had stepped into in our imaginations hasn't happened. But we need to continue exploring. Exploration, knowledge, wonder, imagination — these are the best of what it means to be human. Let's boldly go already. The next giant leap doesn't have to be Mars. It would be incredible to find microbial life somewhere in outer space. On January 28, 1986, I sat in the cafeteria of my high school and watched the Space Shuttle Challenger take off. The teachers at my school had set up TVs so that we could get inspired. Instead, we all watched in horror as the space shuttle blew up. Seven astronauts died. Not one of us thought that we should cancel the Space Shuttle program or cut the budget. If anything, we wanted more. We still do. 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲的是虽然太空探索很困难，但是我们仍然要继续下去，因为这是作为人类最好的意义。 √ 解析：推理判断题。根据第一、二段内容可知，这两段主要讲述了太空旅行的困难。 5．What can we know from the first two paragraphs? A．The location of Earth in the universe. B．The main features of space. C．The limitations of the human body. D．The difficulties of space travel. √ 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“But we need to ... human.”可知，我们要继续太空探索事业，是因为它包含了使我们成为人类的最好的东西。 6．Why do we need to continue the cause of space exploration? A．It involves the best things that make us human. B．Life existing beyond Earth can satisfy our needs. C．Living on other worlds will bring benefits. D．We will have great fun having adventures in space. √ 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者想传达的信息是：任何困难都不能阻止我们探索宇宙。 7．What does the author intend to convey through the last paragraph? A．Mankind's journey to space is dangerous but rewarding. B．We need to stimulate more students to explore the unknown. C．No difficulties would prevent us from exploring the universe. D．More efforts should be made to guarantee the safety of astronauts. √ 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段可知，本文主要讲的是虽然太空探索很困难，但是我们仍然要继续下去，因为这是作为人类最好的意义，因此主题是“继续进行太空探索的必要性”。 8．What is the main theme of this passage? A．The failed expectations of space exploration. B．The need to continue space exploration. C．The challenges of space travel. D．The author's childhood memories of space travel. Ⅱ.阅读七选五 It sounds like something from science fiction — a space journey into the vast expanse of space, heading towards Mars.While we're not quite ready to put a person on the land, the question we ask today is: 9 The space race saw the US and USSR compete to achieve firsts in spaceflight.The former Soviet Union launched Sputnik 1, an artificial satellite, before anyone else. 10 Now it appears that Mars is the celestial body of desire.While the reputation and bragging rights to be the first nation to touch down is an obvious draw, there are other reasons we want to get there. 11 You only have to look at the fossilized remains of the dinosaurs to see the benefit of finding another habitable planet.While Mars doesn't have the right conditions to call it home just yet, there's always the concept of terraforming (地球化) — changing the environment of a planet to suit our needs. However, not everyone agrees. 12 He has said the concept of changing habitability of another planet because of the damage we have done to Earth makes no sense when we can simply terraform Earth. It seems the main reason is the search for extraterrestrial (地球外的) life. 13 Now seemingly dead, the potential fossils could answer questions about our own evolution and that of our planet.One theory is that bacterial life on our planet didn't start here, but was transferred via asteroid (小行星) from Mars. A．And the US landed on the Moon first. B．Leading astrophysicist Neil Tyson is one of them. C．One of these could be the survival of our species. D．Why are so many countries interested in going to Mars? E．It has been believed that, at one time, Mars was abundant with life. F．Surely inspiring a new generation to visit the stars is reason enough. G．May landing on Mars inspire more people to become interested in science? 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章分析了为什么有这么多国家对登陆火星感兴趣。 9．选D　根据上文“While we're not quite ready to put a person on the land, the question we ask today is”可知，此处会是一个疑问句，内容与登陆火星有关，选项D“为什么有这么多国家对登陆火星感兴趣？”符合题意。 10．选A　根据上文“The space race ... anyone else.”可知，此处内容与美国在太空方面的领先事件有关，故选项A“美国首先登陆月球”符合题意。 11．选C　根据上文“there are other reasons we want to get there”及下文“You only have to ... another habitable planet.”可知，C项“其中一个原因可能是我们人类的生存”承上启下，符合题意。 12．选B　根据下文“He has said the concept of changing habitability of another planet ... makes no sense ...”可知，此处内容与持反对意见的人有关，He指的是选项B中的“Neil Tyson”。 13．选E　根据上文“It seems the main reason is the search for extraterrestrial (地球外的) life.”可知，此处内容与地球外的生命有关，故选项E“人们一直认为，火星上曾经有过各种生命”符合题意，且选项E中的“at one time”与空后的“Now seemingly dead”相呼应。 本课结束 更多精彩内容请登录：www.zghkt.cn IS EXPLORING SPACE A WASTE OF TIME AND MONEY? Countries around the globe are spending billions of dollars and lots of time on various space missions, whether to Mars or other planets much further away.Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space.Instead, we should feed the world's poor and find immediate solutions to other problems，such as pollution and fatal diseases. shallow view which fails to realise how exploring space helps us. Secondly, space exploration has already promoted technological improvements that benefit us all. High-end products around the world are made to a higher standard now because of ② advanced technology which was first created to meet the requirements for space exploration. For example, space technologies have helped the research and development of different types of new material.They have also helped companies make better heart monitors and other machines that doctors regularly use.Today, space technologies are widely used in all kinds of industries, and everyday products such as memory foam pillows and smartphone cameras, are changing our lives. $