Unit 5 Section Ⅱ “Understanding ideas”的新知学习环节-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册配套课件PPT（外研版）

该高中英语课件围绕玛雅文明主题，系统整合词汇（阅读、重点、活用等）、核心词汇（如bury、abandon）及“leave+宾补”句式，通过课前默写、用法感知、句法训练构建从词汇到语篇的学习支架，帮助学生建立知识脉络。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与文化意识，词汇分层训练结合语境例句（如bury的动作描写佳句）提升表达，语篇综合训练（阅读理解、完形填空）培养思维品质，主题微写作促进知识活用。既助学生提升语言运用与文化认知，也为教师提供系统分层的教学资源。

“Understanding ideas” 的新知学习环节 Section Ⅱ 课前词汇默写 核心词汇突破 重点句式解构 课时跟踪检测 Contents 目录 01 02 03 05 04 随堂融通训练 2 01 课前词汇默写 一、阅读单词——知其义 1．be intrigued by Maya civilisation 被玛雅文明所______　　 2．representative step pyramids 代表性建筑阶梯________ 3．tropical cyclones 热带______ 吸引 金字塔 气旋 二、重点单词——写其形 1．______ wood in the ground 把木材埋到地下 2．the ________of the ancient city 这座古代城市的衰败 3．huge _______systems 巨大的运河系统 4．_____ the plan 毁掉这个计划 5．_________ the ship 弃船 bury downfall canal ruin abandon 三、活用单词——悉其变 civil civilise civilisation astronomy astronomical astronomers tropics tropical dismiss dismissal expand expansion 四、拓展构词——明其规(依据规律串记单词) civilisation：“v.＋-ation” →n.　 ①invite→invitation　　　　　　 邀请 ②imagine→imagination 想象 ③prepare→preparation 准备 五、高级词块——通其用 1．_____________　　　 对应于；相当于 2．____________ 把……应用于…… 3．___________ 除……之外；在……上面 4．___________ 更加 5．___________ 在巅峰时期 6．_____________ 在……中起作用 correspond to apply ... to ... on top of ... all the more at its peak play a part in 7．_____________ 把……变成…… 8．__________ 处理，应付 9．_______________ 以不同的速度；以不同的比率 10．____________ (因无人照料而)衰落，败落 turn ... into ... deal with at different rates fall into ruin 02 核心词汇突破 1．Based on this, he believed he had spotted an unknown Maya city buried deep in the jungle. 据此，他相信自己发现了一座隐藏于丛林深处的未知玛雅城市的位置。 ★bury v．将……埋在下面；埋葬；掩藏；使陷入 |用|法|感|知| •With their joint efforts, the man buried under the fallen building was saved. 在他们的共同努力下，那个被埋在倒塌的建筑物下的人得救了。 •(名言警句) The secret of a happy life isn't buried in a treasure chest.It lies within your heart. 幸福人生的秘密并非藏在财宝箱里，而是在你的心里。 •(“动作描写”佳句) Hearing the disappointing result of the competition, she buried her face in her hands and let out a low sob. 听到比赛令人失望的结果，她双手掩面，发出一声低沉的啜泣。 [归纳点拨] (1)bury ... in ...　　　　 把……埋到……里 bury one's face in one's hands　 双手掩面 bury oneself in 埋头于，专心致志于 (2)be buried in 专心于 be buried in thought 埋头深思　 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/句式升级) ①He sat at a wooden table and ___________(bury) in reading. ②He buried __________(he) in his lessons and knew nothing about the outside world. ③The young man, who was also deeply buried _____thought, raised his eyes. was buried himself in ④Because she buried herself in the novel, she didn't know it was snowing outside. →_________________________, she didn't know it was snowing outside.(用现在分词短语作状语) →___________________, she didn't know it was snowing outside.(用过去分词短语作状语) Burying herself in the novel Buried in the novel 2．But the greatest mystery of all is what caused the Maya to abandon most of their great cities.但最大的谜团是为何玛雅人抛弃了绝大部分的大城市。 ★abandon vt.离弃，逃离；放弃，丢弃；抛弃，遗弃；中止；陷入，沉湎于(某种感情)n.放纵；放任 |用|法|感|知| •I might have abandoned my dream of being a pianist, but for the encouragement from my music teacher. 要不是音乐老师的鼓励，我可能已经放弃了当钢琴家的梦想。 •If you are abandoned to excessive online games, it will be harmful to both your physical and mental health. 如果你沉湎于过度的网络游戏，这对你的身心健康都会有害。 •At the party, people sang and danced with abandon, totally forgetting the troubles in their lives. 聚会上，人们尽情地唱歌、跳舞，完全忘记了生活中的烦恼。 [归纳点拨] (1)abandon sb./sth. to sb. 把某人/物丢给某人 abandon (doing) sth. 放弃(做)某事 abandon oneself to (doing) sth. 沉湎于(做)某事 (2)with abandon 放任地；放纵地；尽情地 (3)be abandoned to 沉湎于…… |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空 ①Please keep in mind that those who abandon ___________(they) to despair can't succeed. ②In spite of difficulties, the young man never abandoned _________ (study) English. ③The girls jumped up and down and waved their arms ________abandon. themselves studying with (2)句式升级 ④He abandoned himself to the scientific study and forgot to eat. →________________________________________, he forgot to eat.(现在分词短语作状语) →______________________________, he forgot to eat.(过去分词短语作状语) Abandoning himself to the scientific study Abandoned to the scientific study 3．Its once-great cities fell into ruin, leaving various mysteries for later people to solve. 曾经恢宏的城市沦为废墟，留下各种谜团等待后人解开。 ★ruin n．残垣断壁，废墟；毁坏vt.破坏，毁灭 |用|法|感|知| •(“情绪描写”佳句)When I saw my former beautiful house was in ruins, I felt a weight on my chest as the sadness swelled inside. 当我看到我原来美丽的家园已成为废墟时，我感到心头沉甸甸的，悲伤充斥着我的内心。 •(“背景描写”佳句)The violent storm, which lasted for three days, reduced the coastal village to ruins, leaving only a few broken walls standing in the mud. 持续了三天的猛烈暴风雨使这个沿海村庄沦为废墟，只剩下几面残破的墙壁立在泥泞中。 [归纳点拨] (1)ruin sth./sb.　　　　 毁坏某物/毁灭某人 ruin one's health/fame/future 毁掉某人的健康/名誉/前途 (2)lie/be in ruins 成为废墟 fall into ruin 衰落，败落 bring ... to ruin 使……毁灭/没落/破产 reduce ...to ruins 使……沦为废墟 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空) ①A large number of buildings fell ________ruin after the big flood. ②Ignoring the protection of historical buildings will bring this century-old town ______ruin sooner or later. ③In the past ten years a number of high buildings have arisen where there was nothing but ________(ruin)． ④Three days later, the fire was put out and some 500 blocks lay ___ruins. into to ruins in 03 重点句式解构 Meanwhile, the rise and fall of this civilisation must also leave us thinking about our own past, present and future. 同时，玛雅文明的崛起与衰落必定也让我们思考自己的过去、现在与将来。 本句中的 leave us thinking about为“leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。 (1)leave用作使役动词，后常跟复合结构，有以下构成方式： ①leave＋宾语＋名词/形容词/副词/介词短语 ②leave＋宾语＋现在分词/过去分词 ③leave＋宾语＋不定式 ④leave＋宾语＋where引导的地点状语从句/as引导的方式状语从句 (2)在leave的复合结构中，宾补为现在分词时，通常表示主动、进行的动作；宾补为过去分词时，通常表示被动、完成的动作；宾补为不定式时，通常表示将要发生的动作。 “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句法训练”弄明句式结构(单句语法填空) ①She left me __________(wait) for two hours at the station. ②Don't leave your work ___________(finish)． ③Don't leave me ___________(explain) it to him. waiting unfinished to explain (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ④他低声说了些什么，然后留下食物丝毫未动就进了起居室。 He whispered something,______________________, and went into the sitting-room. ⑤把东西放在能够再次找到它们的地方，你们应该把这一点作为一条行为准则。 You should make it a rule to _______________________________ ________. left the food untouched leave things where you can find them again ⑥突如其来的暴雨让徒步旅行者们陷入恐慌，眼前没有任何可以躲避的地方。 The sudden rainstorm______________________________, with no shelter in sight. left the hikers in a state of panic 04 随堂融通训练 根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Through ①________________ (compare), William Gadoury found that the locations of the 117 known Maya cities correspond to the ②_________ (position) of the stars. It shows how powerful the secrets of Ancient Maya civilisation are among people. Maya civilisation ③___________________ (surround) by mystery since its rediscovery in the 19th century. The Maya built impressive palaces and temples. comparison positions has been surrounded ④________ is most extraordinary about these complex structures is how they were built without the use of wheels, metal tools or even animal power. The Maya's understanding of mathematics and astronomy was also quite ⑤________ (amaze). On top of all this ⑥___ (be) an achievement unique in the Americas at that time: a true writing system. But the greatest mystery of all is what caused the Maya to abandon most of their great cities. Some research seems ⑦__________ (indicate) that the Maya people themselves may have played ⑧_____ part in their downfall. What amazing was to indicate a Research also suggests that those natural disasters may have led ⑨___ the decline of the Maya. Its once-great cities fell into ruin, leaving ⑩________ (vary) mysteries for later people to solve. Meanwhile, the rise and fall of this civilisation must also leave us thinking about our own past, present and future. to various 05 课时跟踪检测 第Ⅰ卷　语言基础训练 (一)单词拼写(5分) (1)He described the landing as a big step for human __________ (文明). (2)Throughout history, people have been __________ (引起好奇心) by the question of whether there is intelligent life elsewhere in the universe. (3)____________ (天文学) is the scientific study of the stars, planets, and other natural objects in space. civilisation intrigued Astronomy (4)The road and the _______(运河) run parallel to each other. (5)The company's ________(衰败) was caused by its manager's lack of responsibility and poor decision-making. canal downfall (二)单句语法填空(10分) (6)They had much trouble in rescuing people _______(bury) in the building. (7)Years of fighting have left the area in _______(ruin)． (8)After the victory, the soldiers sang and danced ______abandon. (9)He just laughed and __________(dismiss) my proposal as unrealistic. (10)Despite the recession, the company is confident of further __________ (expand)． buried ruins with dismissed expansion (三)选词填空(10分) at one's peak， in ruins， deal with， be buried in， abandon oneself to (11)He ___________________sorrow when the news came that his son was badly injured in the accident. (12)With a history of more than 2,000 years, some of the sections of the Great Wall are now ________or even have entirely disappeared. abandoned himself to in ruins (13)Each time I passed by her office, the enterprising chairwoman _____________her work. (14)During that special occasion，I ____________customers on the phone and rarely met them face to face. (15)Tourism is ___________in August, with an average of 10,000 visitors per day. was buried in dealt with at its peak (四)完成句子(8分) (16)A severe earthquake destroyed almost everything, __________ _____________. 一场剧烈的地震几乎摧毁了一切，让城市沦为废墟。 (17)_____________________________________________________ ________before the Terracotta Warriors were discovered. 兵马俑在地下埋藏了2 000多年才被发现。 leaving the cities in ruins They had been buried under the earth for more than 2,000 years (18)______________________________________ of listening and speaking, this activity is very popular. 这项活动旨在提高学生的听说能力，很受欢迎。 (19)____________________________, she was determined to keep moving forward with a brave heart. 无论前方有什么困难，她都决心带着勇敢的心继续前进。 Aimed at improving the students' ability Whatever difficulties lay ahead 第Ⅱ卷　语篇综合训练 (一)阅读理解 Mayan civilization was a Central American (Mesoamerican) civilization that covered one third of Central America. Mayan civilization is famous for its fully developed written language, striking art, huge architecture, and advanced mathematical and astronomical knowledge. These features came out of the Preclassic Period but reached their highest development in the Classic Period (250 to 900 AD). When it prospered (繁荣), it was one of the most densely populated and culturally active societies in the world. Mayan civilization was not one single empire, but rather many separate city-states which had a common cultural background. Strangely, after the Classic Period, these cities stopped to be centers of importance. Mayan culture continued and still exists today but in a rural setting. One question that interests scholars is why these cities just disappeared. They were swallowed up by the tropical jungles. Travelers and scholars rediscovered them and have studied them only in the last two hundred years or so. In fact, scholars have debates about what happened, but some factors seem to be part of the explanation of why they disappeared. Toward the end there was large-scale, continuous warfare among the city-states. The rulers were highly competitive and made fierce wars on one another. Another factor considered is overpopulation. Scholars indicate that the Mayan population reached up to 200 people per square kilometer, among the highest in the pre-industrial world. Overpopulation led to overuse of the tropical forest, the source of their food. Research from the pollen (花粉) indicates that there was almost no tropical forest left. This led to damage to the environment of the area, further resulting in a lack of water and then drought. Thus warfare, overpopulation, overuse of resources, and destruction of the environment appear to be active factors involved in the disappearance of Mayan cities. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对玛雅城市消失原因的研究。 √ 解析：推理判断题。由文章第一段可知，这里主要介绍玛雅城市曾经的繁荣，而下文讨论该城市消失的原因，所以第一段起引出主题的作用。 1．What is the function of the first paragraph? A．To present a different view. B．To provide the main topic. C．To lead in the main topic. D．To provide the text's road-map. √ 解析：细节理解题。由文章第二段“One question that interests scholars is why these cities just disappeared.”可知，玛雅城市的消失让玛雅学者感到困惑。 2．Which of the following has puzzled Mayan scholars? A．The disappearance of Mayan cities. B．The continuation of Mayan culture. C．The city-states' cultural background. D．The creation of Mayan civilization. √ 解析：推理判断题。由文章第三段“Scholars indicate that ... Overpopulation led to overuse of the tropical forest, the source of their food.”可推知，对热带森林的过度使用导致了玛雅人食物的减少，从而导致他们的消亡。 3．What was the consequence of overuse of the tropical forest? A．Serious flood.　　　 B．Overpopulation. C．Continuous wars. D．Food shortage. √ 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，特别是第二段中“One question that interests scholars is why these cities just disappeared.”以及最后一段可知，文章主要介绍了对玛雅城市消失原因的研究，所以A项“The Fall of Mayan Cities(玛雅城市的衰落)”最适合作文章标题。 4. What is the best title for this text? A．The Fall of Mayan Cities B．The Golden Age of Mayan Cities C．Tropical Jungles and Mayan Civilization D．Mayan Civilization in the Classic Period (二)完形填空 Ciudad Perdida, Colombia's “Lost City”， is older than Machu Picchu. There are no trains or buses allowing of 5 travels to reach its ruins.The remote place is only 6 on foot: a tiring multi-day hike. Despite this, I couldn't 7 the opportunity to visit Ciudad Perdida.12 other hikers and I went there in 8 with a licensed guide.The dirt path, which 9 through towering palms and dangling vines (藤蔓), proved 10 right from the start. Along the way we also met the 11 . They have been left undisturbed for centuries and there's a deep 12 between them and the land. The next morning, we were off early to 13 the heat, but high temperatures and muscle pain had already 14 by the time we reached the final stage — 1,200 stone steps to 15 . After finally lifting my painful body up the long flight of stairs, my eyes rested on the scene that had 16 the backbreaking journey: Ciudad Perdida. I looked down and wondered at the beautiful site below.While the return trip included 17 the mental hurdle (障碍) of having already accomplished our goal, the experience is the one I would do 18 . It is the difficulty that makes the journey a more 19 one.Earned views are always better. √ 解析：根据下文中的“on foot: a tiring multi-day hike”可知，到那里需要步行且需要花费几天时间。由此可知，没有火车或公共汽车，无法轻易到达这座城市的遗址。 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。哥伦比亚的“失落之城”佩尔迪达城比马丘比丘还要古老。作者在导游的带领下和其他徒步旅行者历经千辛万苦抵达这座城市，一睹其神秘面貌，收获满满。 5．A.long　　　　　　　　 B．endless C．frequent D．easy √ 解析：到达这个偏远地方的唯一方式是步行。accessible“可到达的”。 6．A.impressive B．accessible C．worthwhile D．dangerous √ 解析：根据下文提到作者进行了这次旅行可知，此处表示尽管有这个(困难)，作者还是无法拒绝参观佩尔迪达城的机会。 7．A.resist B．obtain C．promote D．find √ 解析：作者和另外12个徒步旅行者在导游的陪同下前往那里。in company with“与……一起”。 8．A.company B．combination C．harmony D．communication √ 解析：这条土路蜿蜒曲折，穿过高耸的棕榈树和悬挂的藤蔓。wind意为“蜿蜒，曲折而行”。 9．A.buried B．spread C．spun D．wound √ 解析：根据语境可知，这条土路从一开始就颇具挑战性(challenging)。 10．A.disappointing B．embarrassing C．challenging D．amazing √ 解析：根据下文的“They have been left undisturbed for centuries”可知，作者他们在路上遇到了当地人(natives)。 11．A.natives B．visitors C．guides D．drivers √ 解析：几个世纪以来，他们不曾被打扰，与这片土地有着深厚的关系(bond)。 12．A.similarity B．distinction C．bond D．belief √ 解析：根据空前的“we were off early to”和空后的“but high temperatures”可知，此处表示作者他们趁着天不热早早出发。beat意为“避免，逃避”。 13．A.reduce B．beat C．test D．feel √ 解析：当作者他们到达最后一段路程的时候，气温开始上升，浑身肌肉开始(set in)酸疼。watch out“小心，注意”；cut off“剪掉，中断”；give in“屈服，让步”。 14．A.watched out B．cut off C．set in D．given in √ 解析：这段路需要走完1 200阶石阶。cover“行走(一段路程)”。 15．A.construct B．pick C．cover D．explore √ 解析：最终，作者的目光落在了佩尔迪达城的景色上，而这正是作者进行这次艰苦旅行的原因。motivate“成为……的动机，是……的原因”。 16．A.convinced B．predicted C．motivated D．simplified √ 解析：尽管返程需要克服(overcoming)他们因完成目标而懈怠的心理障碍，作者还是愿意再经历一次。 17．A.overcoming B．memorizing C．observing D．fixing √ 解析：根据语境可知，作者还是愿意再进行一次这样的旅行。 18．A.otherwise B．again C．though D．instead √ 解析：根据作者这次旅行的经历和最后作者的感悟“Earned views are always better.”可知，困难让这次旅行变得更有意义(rewarding)。 19．A.rewarding B．sensitive C．popular D．flexible (三)语法填空(15分) Chinese experts 20 (discover) and identified six Late Paleolithic sites in Xinbin Manchu Autonomous County, Northeast China's Liaoning Province, since the launch of China's fourth national cultural relics census (统计)． The sites are 21 (primary) located in Nanzamu and Shangjiahe townships, mostly situated on third-level terraces or hillsides near abundant water sources. A 22 (various) of stone tools have been collected from these sites, including flake tools, scrapers, disc-shaped cores and a small number of other 23 (instrument)． “These new discoveries provide fresh insights 24 the distribution and activities of ancient humans in the middle and upper reaches of the Hunhe River，” said a member of Fushun's fourth cultural relics census expert team. Zhao Hailong, a professor at the School of Archaeology and Museology at Liaoning University, mentioned that 25 series of discoveries fill the essential gap in the record of Paleolithic sites along the middle and upper reaches of the Hunhe River. “They offer us important evidence， 26 helps us to understand ancient humans' strategies for using and developing stone tool materials, their 27 (technology) levels and cultural interactions in this region，” Zhao said. Among the discoveries is one site at Langtougou in southern Xinbin, where the team leader found a finely crafted stone tool. These grayish-blue stones， 28 (mark) with deep or shallow flake scars, are rounded and easy to grasp, making them well-suited for everyday tasks such as cutting or scraping. The discovery of Langtougou enables archaeologists 29 (know) about the lives of people at that time. 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国专家在辽宁发现六处旧石器时代遗址。 20．have discovered　考查时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“since the launch of China's fourth national cultural relics census” (自中国第四次全国文物普查启动以来)可知，空处应用现在完成时。句子主语Chinese experts是复数形式，因此助动词用have。故填have discovered。 21．primarily　考查副词。空处修饰动词located (位于)，应用副词primarily，意为“主要地”，符合语境。故填primarily。 22．variety　考查名词。a variety of是固定搭配，意为“各种各样的”，此处需要用名词形式。故填variety。 23．instruments　考查名词复数。other (其他的)后接可数名词时，该名词通常用复数形式。instrument是可数名词，其复数形式是instruments，符合语境中“少量其他工具”的表达。故填instruments。 24．into　考查介词。provide insights into ...是固定搭配，意为“为……提供见解”，此处需要用介词into。故填into。 25．a　考查冠词。a series of是固定搭配，意为“一系列的”，此处需要用不定冠词a。故填a。 26．which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是evidence(证据)，指物，且空处在从句中作主语，因此用关系代词which引导该定语从句。故填which。 27．technological　考查形容词。空处修饰名词levels(水平)，应用形容词technological，意为“技术的”，technological levels表示“技术水平”。故填technological。 28．marked　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作后置定语修饰名词stones (石头)，mark(标记)与stones之间是被动关系，即石头被标记，因此用过去分词marked作定语。故填marked。 29．to know　考查非谓语动词。enable sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“使某人能够做某事”，此处需要用动词不定式to know作宾语补足语。故填to know。 (四)主题微写作(15分) 选用以下词汇写一个英语片段，描述你“探索未知”的一次经历。词数60左右。 civilisation，bury，canal，tropical，downfall，ruin，fall into ruin， abandon， dismiss， expansion， all the more，at its peak，play a part in　 参考范文： Deep in the tropical jungle, I discovered the ruins of an ancient civilisation. Once at its peak, its expansion was halted by downfall, leaving it to fall into ruin. The canal system, now buried under vines, hinted at its past glory. Locals dismissed the site as myth, but I felt all the more drawn to uncover its secrets. Though abandoned, the city seemed to play a part in whispering forgotten histories through the rustling leaves. 本课结束 更多精彩内容请登录：www.zghkt.cn $