Unit 6 Section Ⅶ 单元回顾与盘点-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册配套课件PPT（外研版）

该高中英语单元复习课件系统梳理了主题词汇、经典句式及主题表达，通过“自然灾害”“人道救助”等主题词汇分类汇总，结合v.-ing作状语、now that从句等经典句式的情境例句，构建“词汇-句式-表达”的逻辑知识网络。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，设计“词汇分类记忆-句式情境应用-主题读写训练”阶梯活动，如通过阅读飓风案例分析提升信息获取能力，续写灾难故事培养逻辑表达，分层检测题（单词拼写、语法填空等）满足个性化复习需求，助力学生巩固知识，教师高效开展复习教学。

　单元回顾与盘点 Section Ⅶ 核心语言点建构 (一)词汇分类汇总 主题语境词汇 1　自然灾害 1．_______ n．　　　　　 灾难，灾祸 2．____ n. 管子 3．____ adj. (用于数字后面表示)多，余 4．_____ v. (火山)爆发，喷发 5．________ n. 台风 disaster tube plus erupt typhoon 6．_____ v. 发生 7．_________ n. 紧急情况，不测事件 8．_____ v. (战争、事故等)夺去(生命) 9．_____ n. 危机 10．________ v. 威胁到，危及 11．_________ n. 飓风 12．________ adv. 什么地方都不，无处 13．_________ n. 蚊子 occur emergency claim crisis threaten hurricane nowhere mosquito 主题语境词汇 2　人道救助 1．___________ adv. 即刻，马上 2．_____________ n. 通告，公告 3．_______ v. 预测，预报 4．_____ v. 攫取，抓住 5．_______ adj. 可信赖的，可靠的 6．______ n. 营救，解救 immediately announcement forecast grab reliable rescue 7．____________ adv. 极其，非常 8．_______ n. 人造卫星 9．________ adv. 精确地，准确地 10．______ num. 十亿 11．____ n. (坐着时的)大腿部 12．_________ adv. 否则，要不然 exceptionally satellite precisely billion lap otherwise 13．_________ n. 子夜，午夜 14．______ n. (美国等国家的)县；(英国的)郡 15．__________ 还没有 16．________ n. 所有物，资产，财产 17．_________ adj. 足够的，充足的 18．______ n. 庇护，掩蔽 midnight county have yet to property sufficient shelter (二)经典句式再现 1．v.-ing形式作状语 _________________________________________, I see the title “Hot! Hot! Hot！”． 在地铁站拿起一份免费报纸，我看到一个标题写着“热！热！热！”。 Picking up a free newspaper at the Tube station 2．now that 引导原因状语从句 ________________________________________，perhaps I should start thinking about moving to space ... 既然在地球上难逃一劫，或许我应该开始考虑移民太空了…… 3．was/were doing ...when ...“正在做……这时(突然)……” I _______________________________, Smartie, on my lap, _____ the roof just flew off. 当时我正坐在自己房间里，猫咪斯玛蒂趴在我腿上，突然屋顶就飞走了。 Now that it's hard to avoid a disaster on Earth was sitting in my room with my cat when 4．where引导地点状语从句 All of a sudden, there was sky _____________________. 霎时间，屋顶变成了天空。 5．so ...that ...句型 I was __________________________. 我吓呆了。 where the roof had been so frightened that I just froze 6．the moment引导时间状语从句 He had disappeared ______________________. 风暴袭来的那一刻它就失踪了。 7．独立主格结构 Now we have another chance to look up at the stars of New Orleans, _____________________________________________________. 现在我们又能仰望新奧尔良的星空了。星空的美鼓舞着我们，让我们有信心继续前行。 the moment the storm hit their beauty inspiring us and giving us confidence to move on 主题思维与表达 (一)关于讲述“面对灾难时充满希望”的常用表达 ·This story took place in ...on ... ·We follow our main character(s) ..., as he/she/they ... ·Unwilling to abandon his/her/their ..., he/she/they ... ·He/She/They finally made it to safety by ... ·I think this story is touching because ... ·From the story, I realise that ... (二)根据以下图片信息，回答相关问题。 1．What's the topic of the pictures above? ______________________________________________________ ______ 2．Can you tell a story about soldiers rescuing people after a flood？(The answers may vary.) The topic of the pictures above is about the disaster and rescue work. ________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________ A flood hit our city last summer.All the streets turned into rivers. In some low areas, there was so much water that some people were trapped.At this critical time, some soldiers came, rowing a small boat. They picked up the trapped people and sent them to safety.The soldiers spent the whole afternoon saving people.Though tired, they were unwilling to abandon any chance to rescue people.Their spirit was touching. (三)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写文章，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Beyond the Horizon Oshima was sitting at the seaside but the beautiful site did not make her feel good.Her face was dull and gloomy.She was staring at the setting sun without an expression on her face. But she was not an unhappy child like this always.Six months before, Oshima was a happy child who loved playing at the beach with her brother and sister.Her brother Mittsu used to make sandcastle and Oshima and her sister Osheen collected the seashells.Her father always shouted, “Come home, and it's late，” but they would not listen.The seaside was like their second home.At home, they were also a happy family who always laughed and played together, with no worries to bother them. One day, all of a sudden, something terrible happened.A violent tsunami came and gripped most of the country.It was a huge natural disaster.Most of the houses were washed away.The cities and towns were flooded.Since Oshima's town was near the sea, the tsunami struck there as well.Her house was washed away and they lost all their belongings. Her grandmother Midori cried and cried and was totally shocked.She has not seen such destruction in her whole life.They were homeless.Oshima wept and wept and complained that why the violent tsunami hit her town. The government relocated them to a refugee (难民) camp where many families shared living space.Helicopters dropped food packets, and they had to stand in long queues even for drinking water.Their life had turned upside down.Oshima could see the sadness in her parents' eyes.Now, she no longer liked the sea at all, feeling it had betrayed her trust. She was very disappointed with the waves，seeing the sea as a cruel force that had taken her beautiful house away. (根据前文和所给段落开头语，续写Oshima和两个孩子的交谈→他们失去了家人，曾经痛苦过，但现在珍惜拥有的→Oshima的感悟。要求逻辑通顺，情节合理。词数80左右。) One day Oshima saw two little children playing in the camp without any trace of sadness on their faces. ________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考范文： One day Oshima saw two little children playing in the camp without any trace of sadness on their faces. Oshima started playing with them and while talking, the kids told her that they had lost their entire family in the disaster.The kids said, “We used to cry a lot but now we have stopped complaining and try to be happy for whatever we are left with.” Oshima was shocked.She became silent.She had her family by her side, which was indeed the most important thing for her.She discovered a new meaning of satisfaction and learned a profound lesson through a child's play. 课时跟踪检测 单元语基回顾性盘查 Ⅰ.单词拼写(10分) (1)There's a great film on TV at _________ (午夜)． (2)________ (无处) does the article mention the names of the people involved. (3)The landslide ________ (发生) on February 15 and may have been caused by heavy rain. (4)She _______ (声称) firmly that she would never break her words. (5)The city remains under ______ (威胁) from typhoon. midnight Nowhere occurred claimed threat (6)To comfort the people in _______ (灾难) areas, the government is taking helpful measures. (7)Our local weather station _______ (预报) there would be a thunderstorm the next day. (8)Workers built _______ (庇护处) for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. (9)Even after recovery, the global economy may not produce as much as it did before the _____ (危机)． (10)The government declared a state of __________ (紧急情况) to deal with all damage caused by the earthquake. disaster forecast shelters crisis emergency Ⅱ.单句语法填空(16分) (11)Attention please, boys and girls! I have an _____________ (announce) to make. (12)He is a _______ (rely) boy so we can rely on him. (13)This country has __________ (sufficient) of natural resources. (14)Hundreds of people are still in the water, waiting _____ _______ (rescue)． (15)Over 2,200 years ago, Chengdu ______________(threaten) by frequent floods. announcement reliable sufficiency rescued to be was threatened (16)We were all very much attracted by the beautiful scenery ___________ (immediate) we set foot in the village. (17)Say ________ (precise) what you mean and then there will be no misunderstanding. (18)The safety helmet saved the worker; _________, he would have been killed by the flying object. immediately precisely otherwise Ⅲ.选词填空(20分) go up and down, feel like, react to, pick up, compared to, make it, look through, after all, have yet to, all of a sudden (19)_____________ your notes before the examination. (20)Maybe people do believe they can buy happiness _______. (21)I __________ think about my future so my friends consider me as unrealistic. (22)_____________ lightning struck the tree we were sitting under. Look through after all have yet to All of a sudden (23)Hearing how others _______ the book you have just read creates an added pleasure. (24)It takes much time to _______ various software programs. (25)____________ working in the office, Kate found it more exciting to work as a teacher. (26)We ______________ by lift in the tall building. (27)I'm holding something that ________ a potato. (28)I thought he would be too old to get to the top of the mountain, but he _______ at last. react to pick up Compared to go up and down feels like made it Ⅳ.完成句子(8分) (29)________________________, you must learn to stand on your own feet. 既然你已经长大了，你必须学会自立。 (30)_________________________________, he seldom uses the lift. 虽然他住在12楼，但他很少乘电梯。 Now that you've grown up Although he lives on the twelfth floor (31)The transportation will improve a lot in our city, __________ __________________________. 由于今年要修很多新路， 所以我们市的交通状况将会有很大的改善。 (32)_______________, it's useful to learn another foreign language. 无论你做什么，学习另一门外语都是有用的。 with many new roads to be built this year Whatever you do 单元仿真验收性评价 (时间：100分钟　满分：120分) 第一部分： 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Using 1900 as a starting point, here's a look at some of the most powerful and destructive hurricanes in the last more than 120 years in the US. ·Most powerful hurricanes Hurricane Camille, which landed on August 17,1969 near Waveland, Mississippi, is the most powerful storm to strike the Gulf Coast. Camille is one of the four category (级别)-5 hurricanes ever to make a landing in the US, the others being the 1935 Labor Day Hurricane, Hurricane Andrew in 1992 and Hurricane Michael in 2018. According to the National Weather Service, the actual wind speed of Hurricane Camille might be around 175 mph along the coast. Until the arrival of Hurricane Katrina, Camille's more than 24-foot storm wave in Pass Christian，Mississippi, held the record. Katrina's storm wave along the Mississippi coast reached 30 feet. ·Costliest hurricanes Hurricane Katrina is not only the costliest-ever US hurricane but also the most expensive natural disaster in the country's history. Not only did it cost as many as 1,836 lives and leave millions of people homeless, but it also caused $108 billion in damages. Katrina landed near the Gulf Coast on August 29,2005 as a category-3 storm. The hurricane's record-breaking waves flooded 80% of the city. ·Deadliest hurricanes The category-4 Hurricane Galveston made a surprising landing along the Texas coast on September 8,1900. It caused a 16-foot storm wave and its wind speed reached 150 mph. A large part of the city of Galveston, Texas, was left in ruins. The number of death reached 12,000 on Galveston Island and the mainland. It remains the deadliest weather disaster in the US history as it gave the people no time to move out. 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了自1900以来，过去120多年来美国最强大、最具破坏性的飓风。 √ 1．How many category-5 storms have stricken the US since 1900? A．1.　　 B．2.　　　 　C．3.　　　 　D．4. 解析：细节理解题。根据Most powerful hurricanes部分第一段最后一句“Camille is one of the four category(级别)-5 hurricanes ... and Hurricane Michael in 2018.”可知，自1900年以来，已有4次5级风暴袭击美国。 √ 2．Which is the costliest hurricane in the US? A．Hurricane Camille. B．Hurricane Andrew. C．Hurricane Katrina. D．Labor Day Hurricane. 解析：细节理解题。根据Costliest hurricanes部分第一句“Hurricane Katrina is not only ... in the country's history.”可知，给美国造成损失最大的飓风是卡特里娜飓风。 √ 3．Why has Hurricane Galveston become the deadliest weather disaster in the US? A．It has caught the people by surprise. B．It has caused the biggest waves. C．It has had the highest wind speed. D．It has brought in the heaviest rainfall. 解析：选A　 细节理解题。根据Deadliest hurricanes部分第一段第一句“The category-4 Hurricane Galveston made a surprising landing ... on September 8,1900.”和第二段最后一句“It remains the deadliest weather disaster ... to move out.”可知，因为它让人们措手不及，所以加尔维斯顿飓风成为美国最致命的天气灾害。 B On the day the tornado hit, there was no indication severe weather was on its way — the sky was blue and the sun had been out. The first warning my husband, Jimmy and I got came around 9 p．m., from some scrolling text on the TV Jimmy was watching. No sooner had we found coverage of the tornado than it was on top of us. I didn't know how or if we would make it down the steps. It felt as if there were no floor underneath me as the wind lifted me off my feet. I gripped the banister (楼梯扶手) and tried to move forward, but this intense pressure held me in place. In those seconds of practical stillness, I could hear everything around me rattling. We got close to the staircase landing only to hear the loud ripping sound of our garage door coming off. The back wall of the house ___________ and tore off into the darkness outside. followed suit By the time I reached the closet, the tornado had been over us for about a minute. Jimmy pushed me down to the closet floor, but he couldn't get inside himself because of the wind. I held Jimmy's arm tightly as the tornado sucked the door open — we never did get it fully shut — and tried to bring Jimmy with it. My knees and head were full of glass, but in that moment, I felt no pain. If I had let go, Jimmy would have flown right out the back of the house and into the bay. “Hold on! Hold on！” he yelled. But there was nothing in this closet to hold on to. All of a sudden, Jimmy lifted off his feet like people in tornadoes do in the movies. I thought he was gone. And then everything stopped. He landed on his feet. In those first quiet moments, I couldn't believe it was over. Jimmy said he'd go outside to check. “No，” I said. “Don't leave me. Don't leave me.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了龙卷风来袭当天天气晴朗，晚间9点电视滚动字幕才发出首次预警。龙卷风迅速逼近，作者在狂风中抓着楼梯扶手艰难移动，房屋车库门和后墙相继被卷走。躲进衣柜时，丈夫因风大无法进入，作者紧抓住他的手臂，不顾伤痛生怕他被卷走。最终风暴停止，两人劫后余生，作者仍心有余悸。 √ 4．Which of the following is TRUE on the day the tornado hit? A．There was no warning or report about the tornado. B．The weather before the tornado seemed calm and sunny. C．The author and her husband didn't take the tornado seriously. D．The author and her husband took immediate action after the TV coverage. 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“On the day the tornado hit ...was blue and the sun had been out.”可知，龙卷风来临前天气晴朗平静。故选B。 √ 5．What does the underlined phrase “followed suit” in paragraph 3 most likely mean? A．The back wall rumbled and cracked open. B．The back wall shook but didn't tumble down. C．The back wall collapsed just like the garage door. D．The back wall was as strong as the garage door. 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段首句“We got close to ...garage door coming off.”提到“车库门被掀开”，以及画线词后“tore off into the darkness outside”推知，后墙像车库门一样“倒塌”继而被龙卷风吹走。由此猜测画线部分意为“像车库门一样倒塌”。故选C。 √ 6．In paragraph 4, why did the author feel no pain? A．Because she was dying for survival herself. B．Because she was too eager to save her husband. C．Because she was overwhelmed by the power of tornado. D．Because she was seriously injured and fell unconscious. 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“I held Jimmy's arm tightly ...I felt no pain.”可知，作者的注意力完全集中在拯救丈夫上，无暇顾及疼痛。故选B。 √ 7．Which of the following words can best describe the author's feelings throughout this event? A．Surprised, scared, empathetic. B．Shocked, terrified, desperate. C．Astonished, confused, sympathetic. D．Frantic, furious, grateful. 解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，在整个事件中，作者的情感变化如下：震惊(shocked)：龙卷风毫无预兆地迅速逼近(No sooner had we found coverage ... than it was on top of us)；恐惧(terrified)：被狂风掀离地面、房屋结构崩塌、丈夫险些被卷走(“I thought he was gone”)；绝望(desperate)：死死抓住丈夫、哀求他不要离开(“Don't leave me”)。选项B“shocked, terrified, desperate (震惊，害怕，绝望)”完整概括了这一情感变化。故选B。 C Scientists know where earthquakes are likely to take place. But it is difficult for them to predict how strong an earthquake will be. Now, American researchers have found it possible to predict the strength of future quakes. The earth's crust — the outermost surface — is made up of large plates. As many as 20 plates cover the earth. They move slowly, sometimes sliding under one another and causing the earthquakes. Timothy Dixon is a geologist (地质学家) in the University of South Florida, who studies rocks and soil to understand the earth. He and other scientists are using global positioning system, or GPS, to measure what he calls “slow-slip” events. Timothy Dixon says that while people can't feel a building breaking off, sometimes deadly earthquakes will happen. The big Japan earthquake in 2011 and the Sumatra earthquake and tsunami in 2004 are the kind, and they are the real killers. So what we think these slow-slip events are telling us is that they're letting off steam in areas where there is a break. And if they let off enough steam, the areas won't crack. “The more of the areas that break，” he says, “the more powerful the earthquake is.” The scientists set up a number of GPS receivers 15 years ago in Costa Rica to measure the “slow-slip” events, which take place only every year or two. The last one was three months before an earthquake in 2012. You know an earthquake is more or less _________. People always want to know when an earthquake is going to happen. This technology cannot predict that. But Timothy Dixon says even if you don't know exactly when it's going to happen, since you know it's going to happen, and you know how big it's going to be, you can prepare accordingly. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员发现有可能预测未来地震的强度。 inevitable √ 8．According to the text, what can scientists predict about earthquakes at present? A．When an earthquake will happen. B．Where an earthquake may happen. C．How strong an earthquake will be. D．What kind of the earthquake will be. 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一、二句“Scientists know where earthquakes are likely to take place. But it it difficult for them to predict how strong an earthquake will be.”可知，科学家知道地震可能在什么地方发生，但是很难预测地震的强度。 √ 9．What does the underlined word “inevitable” in the last paragraph mean? A．Unavoidable.　　　　　 B．Unpredictable. C．Powerful. D．Terrible. 解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段的语境可以猜测，画线词意为“难以避免的”。 √ 10．From Timothy Dixon's words, what can we know? A．We can't predict when an earthquake happens forever. B．His new findings will prevent earthquakes happening. C．His new findings will help people reduce damage caused by earthquakes. D．His new findings have been used in researching earthquakes. 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But Timothy Dixon says even if you don't know ...you can prepare accordingly.”可知，Timothy Dixon认为即使人们无法确切地知道地震什么时候发生，但是只要知道它会发生，它的强度有多大，就可以相应地做好准备从而减轻损失。 √ 11．What is the purpose of the author in writing this text? A．To tell us the reason why an earthquake can happen. B．To tell us that the strength of an earthquake can be predicted in the future. C．To tell us what Timothy Dixon is doing in his spare time. D．To tell us the advantage of knowing the strength of future earthquakes. 解析：写作意图题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要是想告诉读者一个科学新发现，即在未来可以预测出地震的强度。 D This summer has brought extreme heat and droughts to places around the world. The droughts are leading to serious problems and the effects of the droughts are likely to be felt for years. Droughts aren't new, but Earth's rising temperatures because of global warming are making them much harder to avoid. The drought in the Horn of Africa may be the most serious situation. For several years, the area has had very little rain during the rainy seasons. The dry conditions have killed millions of farm animals and destroyed the crops of farmers. The drought is causing energy problems in Europe, too. The low water levels have cut the amount of hydroelectric power that can be produced. Some rivers are so low that the heavy boats that carry coal can't travel on them. Farmers in California and Arizona have been hit particularly hard. California has put limits on water use across the state. Now water is being limited in other places. When there are water limits, farmers aren't able to grow so many crops. That can drive up food prices, and that affects everyone. China is facing similar problems. The drought has dried up much of the water in the Yangtze, China's longest river. That has cut the amount of energy produced by the world's largest dam by 40%. China hasn't been able to produce enough energy, since millions of people are using electricity to keep cool. The government is calling on the public to turn off the air conditioner when it is not too hot. The country is trying to make it rain by shooting chemicals into clouds. But this is an uncertain and temporary response. There are no easy solutions to any of these droughts. It took years to create the climate crisis, and it will take a long time to get it under control. For now, governments and people will need to carefully manage water supplies and other resources to limit the damage as much as possible. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了干旱给世界各地带来的问题。 √ 12．What has been affected by droughts according to the text? A．Technology.　　　　 B．Transportation. C．Education. D．Tourism. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，干旱导致有些河流水位降低，从而影响运输。 √ 13．What measures have been taken to deal with energy problems in China? A．Bringing water from other countries. B．Finding replacement for rain water. C．Limiting the use of drinking water. D．Controlling the use of electricity. 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“China hasn't been able to produce enough energy, since millions of people are using electricity to keep cool. The government is calling on the public to turn off the air conditioner when it is not too hot.”可知，中国通过控制用电来应对能源问题。 √ 14．How might the author feel about the fight against drought? A．Concerned. B．Satisfied. C．Disappointed. D．Optimistic. 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“There are no easy solutions to any of these droughts. It took years to create the climate crisis, and it will take a long time to get it under control.”可推知，作者对与旱灾的斗争充满担忧。 √ 15．What can be the best title for the text? A．Worldwide Droughts Appeared as New Problems B．China Is also Facing the Serious Drought Problem C．Droughts Cause Problems Around the World D．Many Reasons Lead to the Drought Problem 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了干旱给非洲之角、欧洲、加州、亚利桑那州和中国等多地带来的问题，由此推知“干旱在世界各地造成问题”是文章的最佳标题。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Human activities have made global rainfall more unstable over the past century, a new study suggests. ____ Published Friday in the journal Science, it shows that rainfall variability has increased since the 20th century, ranging from global to regional scales and from daily to seasonal. 16 Rainfall variability refers to the unevenness of rainfall timing and rainfall amount. ____ For example, some places may receive a year's rainfall in just a few days, experience downpours after long dry periods, or rapidly change between droughts and floods. By analyzing a wide range of observational data, the researchers found that rainfall variability has increased by about 75% since the 20th century across the land areas studied, especially in Europe, Australia and eastern North America. ____ 17 18 ____ They identified the dominant role of anthropogenic (人为的) emissions of greenhouse gases. “The increase in rainfall variability is mainly due to anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, which have led to a warmer and more humid atmosphere，” said Wenxia Zhang, lead author of the study. This means that even if the atmospheric circulation remains unchanged, the extra moisture in the air will lead to more intense rainfall events. 19 Large and rapid fluctuations (波动) between extreme climates not only challenge the existing capabilities of contemporary weather and climate prediction systems, but also have chain effects on human society, threatening the economic development, ecosystem functions and terrestrial carbon sinks. ____ A．Higher variability may bring more rain in a certain region. B．Immediate adaptation measures are crucial to meet these challenges. C．The study indicates that global rainfall will still increase in the next century. 20 D．To understand the causes of increased rainfall variability, the team furthered the research. E．It was also found that daily variability in global rainfall has increased by 1.2% per decade. F．The study was conducted by researchers from the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. G．Higher variability means that rainfall is more unevenly distributed over a period of time, leading to wet and dry periods. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新研究，该研究表明人类活动导致过去一个世纪全球降雨变得更加不稳定，并分析了降雨变异性的增加及其原因，最后指出了这一变化对人类社会构成的挑战及应对措施。 16．选F　上文“Human activities have made global rainfall more unstable over the past century, a new study suggests.”引出话题，即一项关于全球降雨不稳定性的新研究。F选项“The study was conducted by researchers from the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.”介绍研究的实施者，与上文话题相关，且“The study”指代上文提到的“新研究”，为下文具体介绍研究内容做铺垫。故选F。 17．选G　上文“Rainfall variability refers to the unevenness of rainfall timing and rainfall amount.”解释了“降雨变异性”的含义。G选项“Higher variability means that rainfall is more unevenly distributed over a period of time, leading to wet and dry periods.”进一步解释“降雨变异性高”会带来什么结果，即降雨分布不均，导致干湿期交替，与上文构成逻辑上的递进关系。故选G。 18．选E　上文“By analyzing a wide range of observational data ...and eastern North America.”给出了关于降雨变异性增加的具体数据。E选项“It was also found that daily variability in global rainfall has increased by 1.2% per decade.”继续给出关于全球日降雨变异性的具体数据，与上文内容紧密相关，且“also found”表明这是另一项相关发现，丰富了研究内容。故选E。 19．选D　下文“They identified the dominant role of anthropogenic (人为的) emissions of greenhouse gases.”指出研究团队确定了人为温室气体排放是导致降雨变异性增加的主要原因。D选项“To understand the causes of increased rainfall variability, the team furthered the research.”说明研究团队为了找出原因而进一步研究了这个问题，引出下文中的研究结论，上下文语意连贯。故选D。 20．选B　上文“Large and rapid fluctuations (波动) between extreme climates ... ecosystem functions and terrestrial carbon sinks.”指出了降雨变异性增加对人类社会构成的挑战。B选项“Immediate adaptation measures are crucial to meet these challenges.”承接上文，提出应立即采取适应措施来应对这些挑战，上下文语意连贯。故选B。 第二部分： 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Heroes come in different shapes and sizes. Some are born to give others a ____. Then there are the people who just happen to be in the right place at the right time. That was the ____ for John Underwood. 21 22 On a cold evening, a storm ____ near his home. Underwood was heading over to help his sister when the roads were ____. He saw some other drivers get stuck, so he got out of his truck to help. Underwood wasn't out of his ____ long before he heard a cry. Moments later, a 12-year-old boy ran up to Underwood, saying his parents were ____ and asked for help. 23 24 25 26 The Hammonds went to get things from the basement when the walls ____ to bear the weight of rain and fell down, and they couldn't ____. Worse still, the water was rising fast. ____ was of extreme significance, so Underwood took action at once. Any inappropriate action could add more dangers. Luckily, Underwood had ____ as a contractor (承包商). “Digging a hole in the living room floor, I knew it's a ____ way，” he said. 27 28 29 30 31 With physical strength, patience, and a lot of ____， Underwood saved their lives. He said he did what anyone would do, but that's not necessarily true. It's ____ to put yourself in a dangerous way to rescue another. That's why the American Red Cross ____ him. Ann Otto, who was in charge of the 23rd Annual Acts of Courage Awards, said the Awards should ____ heroes like Underwood. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，文中讲述了暴风雨降临时约翰·安德伍德营救遭遇险境的哈蒙兹夫妇的故事。 32 33 34 35 √ 21．A.lesson　　　　　　　 B．direction C．hope D．hand 解析：根据下文中多次出现的help及文章第一句可知，作者认为有人天生乐于助人，所以用hand。 give sb.a hand“帮助某人”为固定搭配。 √ 22．A.role B．concern C．case D．behavior 解析：结合下文安德伍德帮助被困夫妇的事例可知，此处意为约翰·安德伍德就是这样的例子。 √ 23．A.broke B．disappeared C．returned D．changed 解析：结合下文“rain”及“the water was rising fast”可知，此处指暴风雨在他家附近降临(broke)了。 √ 24．A.cleared B．completed C．repaired D．flooded 解析：根据下文中的“the water was rising fast”可知，安德伍德正在去帮助他的妹妹的路上，这时道路被洪水淹没了。 √ 25．A.power B．sense C．house D．vehicle 解析：根据上文中的“He saw some other drivers get stuck, so he got out of his truck to help.”，可知，此处vehicle符合语境。 √ 26．A.ignored B．trapped C．injured D．missed 解析：根据下文的“when the walls ... fell down”可知，一个12岁的男孩跑向安德伍德，说他的父母被困住了。 √ 27．A.managed B．failed C．tried D．struggled 解析：哈蒙兹夫妇去地下室拿东西，墙壁不能够承受雨水的重量，倒塌了，fail“未能(做到)”。 √ 28．A.speak B．reunite C．escape D．survive 解析：根据上文可知，哈蒙兹夫妇被困在地下室，无法脱身(escape)。 √ 29．A.Time B．Relief C．Success D．Action 解析：根据上文中的“the water was rising fast”和下文中的“so Underwood took action at once”可知，时间(Time)至关重要，于是他立即行动起来。 √ 30．A.attitude B．potential C．confidence D．experience 解析：在这种情况下，任何不当的操作都会增加危险。幸运的是，安德伍德有作为承包商的经验(experience)。 √ 31．A.difficult B．safe C．creative D．quick 解析：安德伍德认为在客厅地板上挖一个洞是一种安全的(safe)方法。此处safe与前面的dangers形成对比。 √ 32．A.bravery B．encouragement C．anxiety D．responsibility 解析：根据下文中的“Underwood saved their lives”和“Ann Otto, who was in charge of the 23rd Annual Acts of Courage Awards ... Underwood.”可知，安德伍德因勇敢的行为获奖。他凭借体力、耐心和勇气救了哈蒙兹夫妇。 √ 33．A.impossible B．reasonable C．hard D．special 解析：根据空前的“He said he did what anyone would do, but that's not necessarily true.”可知，要把自己置于危险的境地去救别人是很难(hard)做到的。 √ 34．A.invited B．honored C．interviewed D．helped 解析：这是美国红十字会把奖项授予他的原因。honor“给……荣誉，表彰”符合语境。 √ 35．A.go to B．come to C．turn to D．pass to 解析：这个奖应该颁给像安德伍德这样的英雄。go to“归于，被给予”；come to“突然意识到”；turn to “向……求助(或寻求指教等)”；pass to“转移给，遗留给(继承人等)”。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Yesterday we opened the floor for discussion about the 36.___________ (protect) of the environment. The fact is known 37. ____________vast areas of the world are damaged by chemical waste. Many places have been destroyed and many plants and animals 38. ____________(die). Factories produce large numbers of harmful chemicals. The waste they create 39. ____________ (go) into the atmosphere and makes us sick. Other types of waste flow into our water, 40. ____________(make) river and sea life dead. Meanwhile, large numbers of fish are caught before 41. ____________(them) lay eggs. It is our duty 42. ____________ (try) to cut back on production and reduce the number of things we make and buy. The amount of rubbish we produce is turning into a big problem; we need to think more 43. __________ recycling our waste. It would be good to increase the amount of waste we recycle, 44. __________ teach people ways of living that do not harm the environment. We may even create more jobs and help our country become more 45. ____________ (develop) at the same time. 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。世界上的环境日益恶化，作者就如何保护环境提出了一些自己的意见。 36．protection　考查名词。根据空前冠词the及空后的of可知，应填名词protection。 37．that　考查名词性从句。空格后是句子，不缺成分，应用that引导同位语从句，解释fact的具体内容。 38．have died　考查时态和主谓一致。根据上文的并列谓语have been destroyed可知，应用现在完成时，故填have died。 39．goes　考查时态和主谓一致。根据下文的并列谓语makes可知，应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式goes。 40．making　考查非谓语动词。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故make只能作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语之间构成主谓关系，用现在分词形式，故填making。 41．they　考查代词。before引导时间状语从句，且从句中缺少主语，故填人称代词的主格形式they。 42．to try　考查非谓语动词。在句型it is our duty to do sth.“有责任/有义务做某事”中，不定式作真正的主语，故填to try。 43．about　考查介词。句意：我们生产的垃圾数量正在变成一个大问题；我们需要更多地考虑废物的回收利用。短语think about“考虑”，故填about。 44．and　考查连词。句意：增加我们回收的垃圾的数量，教人们不伤害环境的生活方式，这将是有益的。上下文为并列关系，故填并列连词and。 45．developed　考查形容词。根据上文become可知，应填形容词作表语，与 more构成比较级，表示“更发达的”，故填developed。 第三部分：写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 近年来，地球上的自然灾害频发。假设你校英文报正在征集环保主题征文，请你写一封倡议书进行投稿，呼吁大家关注自然灾害并保护环境。内容要点应包括： 1．提出一些必要的防范措施； 2．呼吁保护地球。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；　2.请按如下格式作答。 As we all know, over the past years, floods, earthquakes and sandstorms have happened frequently. ____________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考范文： As we all know, over the past years, floods, earthquakes and sandstorms have happened frequently.Sometimes，people are trapped, not knowing what to do.Here are some relevant measures. First of all，during an earthquake, we should know the emergency exit of the building so that we can escape to the open air when we could.However, if there is a flood, a sandstorm or a hurricane, we'd better stay at home.Besides, it is necessary for us to prepare some necessities at home in advance just in case. Because some natural disasters are caused by human activities, it is high time that we humans protected the earth. 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The incident took place at Cheektowaga, a town in Erie County, New York, in the middle of a historic and dangerous snowstorm. I had gone out to visit my friend living in another county, but unfortunately, I got stuck and was unable to drive further. I fully realized how dangerous this would be as there was not enough gas left in the truck for me to get through the deadly snowstorm. The situation got even worse in such a place without any house in sight. I stayed in my truck, calling for help anxiously but the weak signal didn't help me get connected. There was nothing I could do but wait. At midnight, there came a knock outside the truck. I opened the door and surprisingly found an old lady standing in the storm with just a thin coat, clearly not enough to survive the snowstorm. I invited her to get inside my truck at once. She told me in a weak voice that her name was Mary and her car broke down. She had walked a long way before finding my truck. Misfortune never came alone. Soon, we realized the air conditioner burned all the fuel in my truck and it was getting colder and colder inside the truck. Mary closed her eyes without saying a word, shaking in the corner. Considering Mary's condition, I decided to take action right now. Luckily, the GPS of my truck still worked. And with the help of GPS, I noticed that a school was nearby. I decided to take shelter in the school. Since Mary was too weak to move, I carried her on my back, heading to the school. After ten minutes' struggle in the snow, we finally arrived, but found the school gate locked. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；　2.请按如下格式作答。 I hesitated about what I should do. ___________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next morning，a policeman drove by and found the gate broken. _____________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考范文： I hesitated about what I should do. Mary was still shivering and seemed to be in a worse condition. I had no choice but to find a way to break into the school. Fortunately, with the help of a snow shovel lying next to the gate, I managed to make it. I found the nearest classroom and laid Mary on one of the benches. I also found a pile of unused blankets and used them to wrap Mary up. I felt satisfied that I had done everything that I could to help her. The next morning, a policeman drove by and found the gate broken. He came in to investigate. When he entered the classroom, he found me and Mary still asleep, wrapped in blankets. He woke us up and asked if we needed any help. I gratefully accepted his offer to drive us to the nearest gas station. I filled up my truck and made sure it had enough fuel to get me to my destination safely. As I waved goodbye to the policeman, I couldn't help but think about how lucky I was to have Mary's unexpected appearance that night. Without her, I might not have been able to survive the dangerous snowstorm. 本课结束 更多精彩内容请登录：www.zghkt.cn $