内容正文:
甘肃
英 语
课堂精讲册
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课标语法导图
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第二部分 语法知识精讲练
一、词法
专题七 介词
考点1 介词的基本用法
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甘肃中考解读
考卷 考查题型 考情
省卷 语法与情景对话,完形填空,任务
型完形填空,同义替换,完成句子 6年13考
兰州卷 完形填空,任务型完形填空 6年3考
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考点讲解
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(一)时间介词
1.at, on与in#1
介词 用法 示例
at
(2024省卷) 用在具体某个时刻前 at 7∶00
用在正午、午夜前 at noon,
at midnight
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介词 用法 示例
on 用在具体某天前(日期或星期几) on June 1st,
on Tuesday
用在具体某天的上午、下午、晚上前 on a cold morning
用在具体节日当天前 on National Day
续表
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介词 用法 示例
in
(2024.1兰州) 后接较长的时间(如世纪、年份、季节、月
份等) in the 21st century,
in summer
用在泛指的上午、下午、晚上前 in the morning
/afternoon/evening
续表
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介词 用法 示例
in
(2024.1
兰州) in+一段时间,在将来时态中表示
“在……后”;
in+一段时间,在其他时态中表示
“在……内” in an hour,
in two days
用于固定搭配 in the future
续表
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2.before与after
介词 含义及用法 示例/例句
before 在……之前 before 11∶00
after
(2021
省卷) 在……之后。与一般将来时
连用时,后接时间点 He’ll come back after
11∶00.
在……之后。与一般过去时
连用时,后接时间段 He came back from
Canada after three weeks.
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3.for与since#3
介词 用法 例句
for “for+时间段”表示动作延续一
段时间,主句常用现在完成时 I have lived in
Lanzhou for two
years.
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介词 用法 例句
since
(2022.31
兰州) ①since+时间点 ②since+一段
时间+ago
③“since+句子(一般过去
时)”意为“自……以来”,表示从过去某个时间点直至现在,主句用现在完成时 I have lived in this
city since 2018.
I have lived in this
city since five years
ago.
I have lived in this
city since I was five
years old.
续表
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4.during, by, from与until/till#4
介词 含义及用法 示例/例句
during 在……期间。强调自始至终,
后接时间段 during these years
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介词 含义及用法 示例/例句
by 不迟于……,在……之前。后
接将来的时间点时,常与一般
将来时连用;后接过去的时间
点时,常与过去完成时连用 It will be cool by
tomorrow morning.
We had learned
about 1,000 words
by the end of last
term.
续表
介词 含义及用法 示例/例句
from 从……开始。常和表示时间的
介词to(到……,至……)连用 from Monday to
Sunday
until/till ①用在肯定句中时,表示“直
到……为止”,谓语动词为延续
性动词;②用在否定句中时,
表示“直到……才”,谓语动词
为非延续性动词 I will work here
until/till 6∶00.
I won’t leave here
until/till 6∶00.
续表
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(二)地点及方位介词(词组)
1.at, in, on与to#1
介词 含义及用法 示例/例句
at 在。用于较小的地方(如:学校、
家、机场等)前 at the airport
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介词 含义及用法 示例/例句
in
(省卷;6
年2考) 在……里面 Xiaoming is in
the room now.
在。用于较大的地方(如:国家、
城市、乡镇、水域等)前 in the US
in Dunhuang
表示在某一地区的某方位。某一小
地点在另一大地点之内
续表
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介词 含义及用法 示例/例句
on
(省卷;6
年2考) 在。在广阔的平面上 on the lake
on the playground
在。两地不在同一范围内,但接壤
续表
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介词 含义及用法 示例/例句
to 到;去;向;朝。有一定的方向性 I went to the
park thismorning.
在。表示在某一地域之外且不接壤
续表
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2.on, over, above, under与below#2
介词 含义 例句/示例
on 在……表面上
(接触物体表面)
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介词 含义 例句/示例
over 在……正上方
(两者不接触)
在……上面(表示部分
覆盖或全部覆盖) She put a blanket over
the sleeping child.
续表
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介词 含义 例句/示例
above 在……上方(两者不接
触,也不一定垂直)
under 在……正下方
(两者不接触)
续表
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介词 含义 例句/示例
below 在……下方(两者不接
触,也不一定垂直)
续表
3.between(2024省卷)与among【讲解详见本册P62】
4.across(2022.28兰州), through, over与past【讲解详见本
册P18】#4
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5.其他方位介词#5
outside 在……外面 inside 在……里面
near 在……附近
(2020省卷) beside/by 在……旁边
next to 紧挨着…… towards 朝向
into 到……里面,进入 behind 在……后面(2020省卷)
along 沿着 around 在……周围
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(三)方式介词
介词 含义及用法 示例/例句
by 通过(某种方式或手段)。后
常跟动名词或名词 by asking our teacher
for help
“by+交通工具”意为“乘坐……” by taxi
with 用……,后接表示工具、材
料、身体器官等的名词 The Chinese often
eat with chopsticks.
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介词 含义及用法 示例/例句
in
(2023省卷) 用……,后接表示语言、语调、方式等的名词 in English,
in a loud voice
on 用……,后接表示网络、电视、电话等的名词 on the Internet,
on TV
续表
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(四)其他介词
介词 含义 示例/例句
by
(2020省卷) 被…… The letter was written by
my sister yesterday.
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介词 含义 示例/例句
with 和…… I will go to Beijing with
my brother.
带有;具有 I like this house with a
garden.
续表
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介词 含义 示例/例句
without 没有;缺乏 We got there without any
difficulty.
不(做某事) The teacher left without
saying anything.
续表
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介词 含义 示例/例句
for 给;对;替 Here is a gift for you.
支持 We are for the idea.
续表
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介词 含义 示例/例句
against 倚;碰;撞 The rain is beating against
the windows.
对抗;和……竞争 Our team will play against
yours this afternoon.
反对 We are against the idea.
续表
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介词 含义 示例/例句
like 像,例如 I like eating fruit like
apples.
像;与……相似 Harry looks like his
father.
……怎么样 What is your new English
teacher like?
续表
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介词 含义 示例/例句
than 比(常和比较级连用) My cup is bigger than
yours.
over (数量、时间、花费)多于 He is over fifty.
遍及;过(时间) all over the world
到另一边;翻越 climb over the wall
续表
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介词 含义 示例/例句
from 来自(表示来源) I come from a small city.
从(表示位置或观点) You can see the island
from here.
续表
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介词 含义 示例/例句
about
(2020省卷) 关于;对于 I want to know more
about your life in that
country.
on 关于 a movie on animals
as 作为;以……身份 We have a job for you as
a waiter.
续表
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介词 含义 示例/例句
except 除了 My father works every
day except Sundays.
besides 除了……之外
(还有) Besides football, I also
like basketball.
including
(2021省卷) 包括 Everyone can go to that
party, including you.
续表
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介词 含义 示例/例句
of 属于(某人或某物) the window of the room
关于(某人或某物) a photo of my dog
续表
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介词 含义 示例/例句
in
(2022省卷) 穿着;戴着 Lily is in a beautiful
dress.
显示某物的形状、形
式或数量 a book in two parts
续表
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介词 含义 示例/例句
past 晚于;在……之后;
超过 a quarter past ten
经过 He hurried past them
without stopping.
续表
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介词 含义 示例/例句
through 以;凭借;通过;穿过 He got what he wanted
through hard work.
续表
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考点测验
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甘肃6年真题溯源
语法与情景对话
1.(2024省卷)The bird in Picture ___ is between the boxes.
A
A. B. C. D.
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2.(2023省卷)The cat in Picture ___ is on the box.
B
A. B. C. D.
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3.(2022省卷)We can see the toy bear ___ in the picture.
B
A. in the box
B. on the bed
C. beside the shelf
D. under the table
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拓展提升
1.(2025定西一模)The ball in Picture ___ is in front of the
box.
A
A. B. C. D.
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2.(2025陇南康县一模)The Mid-Autumn Festival is always
________ September or October. And it falls ________ October
6th in 2025 in the solar calendar.( )
C
A. in; in B. on; in C. in; on D. on; on
3.(2025武威凉州区联考一模)A woman stood ___ the window,
watching the children playing games in the garden.
D
A. past B. through C. across D. by
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