内容正文:
甘肃
英 语
课堂精讲册
1
第二部分 语法知识精讲练
一、词法
专题五 冠词
2
课标语法导图
3
甘肃中考解读
考卷 考查题型 考情
省卷 语法与情景对话 6年6考
兰州卷 完形填空 2024.7
4
考点讲解
5
(一)不定冠词a/an
只用于可数名词单数前。不定冠词的主要用法见下表:#1
用法 例句
指人或事物的某一种类 China is a very
interesting country.
It’s an action movie.
指某人或某物,但不具体说明何人或何物 A boy is waiting for
you outside.
6
用法 例句
用在首次提到的表示人或物的名词前 There is a tree in
front of my house.
表示数量“一”,但数的概念没有one强烈
(2023省卷) I want to buy a
dictionary.
用在表示时间、长度、价格等意义的名词
前, 表示“每一”,相当于every Take the medicine
three times a day.
续表
7
用法 例句
用于“序数词+名词/代词”前,表示“又一,
再一” You can try a
second time if you
fail.
续表
1. 常见的含不定冠词的短语及固定搭配
make a difference 产生影响 take a walk 散步(2020兰州)
in a word 总而言之 as a result 结果
have a good/great time 玩得开心 have a rest 休息
make a living 谋生 wait a minute 等一下
What a pity!真可惜!(2020省卷)#1.1.1.3
9
2.常见以元音字母开头的单词前用a或an的情况:#1.1.2
首字母 示例
a an apple, an actor, an article, an artist, an advantage,
an African city, an American girl
e an engineer, an expensive car, an excellent player, an
exciting game 特殊记:a European city
10
首字母 示例
i an idea, an invitation, an interview,
an important meeting, an interesting story
o an office, an outgoing person, an old man
特殊记:a one-year-old boy
续表
11
首字母 示例
u 发音为/ʌ/时,用 an:an uncomfortable bed, an uncle,
an unusual dream, an umbrella, an ugly hat
发音为/ju:/时,用 a:a usual way, a university student,
a useful book, a UFO, a unit
续表
12
首字母 示例
特殊记 以不发音的辅音字母开头的单词用 an: an hour, an
honor, an honest man
___________________________________ An hour ago, an honest man accepted an
honorable task.
发音以元音音素开头的字母有: a, e, f, h, i, l, m, n, o,
r, s, x
___________________________________Mr. Li has one fox.
续表
13
(二)定冠词the
不论是单数名词还是复数名词,也不论是可数名词还是不可
数名词,其前均可用定冠词the。定冠词的主要用法见下表:#1
用法 示例/例句
特指某(些)人或某(些)事物
(2025省卷) The book on the desk
is mine.
指双方都知道的人或事物 Give me the pen,
please!
14
用法 示例/例句
指上文提过的人或事物
(2024省卷;2022省卷) My mother bought me a
book. The book is very
interesting.
用在世界上独一无二的事物前 The Earth moves around
the Sun.
用在序数词、形容词和副词最高级
前(副词最高级前可以省略) The second girl is the
shortest, but she runs
(the) fastest of all.
续表
15
用法 示例/例句
用于形容词前, 表示一类人或
事物 The young should respect
the old.
用在姓氏的复数形式前, 表示一
家人或夫妻双方 The Whites are going to
have a picnic tomorrow.
用于表示方位、地点及时间的名
词前 Xinjiang lies in the
northwest of China.
续表
16
用法 示例/例句
用在乐器名称前(2021省卷) He plays the piano very
well.
用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前 the Great Wall长城
the Summer Palace 颐和园
续表
17
常见的含定冠词的短语及固定搭配
all the time 一直
at the moment 此刻
at the same time 同时
by the way 顺便问一下
for the first time 第一次
in the end 最终;最后
18
go to the movies/cinema 看电影
get in the way of 挡……的路
the+比较级, the+比较级(2024.7兰州)#1.1.4
19
(三)零冠词
英语中在不少场合下名词前面是不需要使用冠词的,把这种
现象称作“零冠词”。不用冠词的常见情况见下表:#1
不用冠词的情况 示例/例句
在人名等专有名词前 Tony is a kind boy. He comes
from Canada.
在不可数名词前 Paper is made from wood.
20
不用冠词的情况 示例/例句
复数名词表示一类人或事
物时 Children should learn to be
independent.
I like elephants because they are
cute.
三餐、球类、棋类、学科和
语言前 have breakfast play basketball play
chess learn English
续表
21
不用冠词的情况 示例/例句
星期、月份、季节、节日前
(中国传统节日除外) on Monday in February in
summer
by与交通工具连用时 by bike by train
名词前有物主代词、指示代
词、不定代词、疑问代词或
名词所有格修饰时 her cup that cup both cups
which cup Nancy’s cup
续表
22
不用冠词的情况 示例/例句
在称呼语、头衔和职务等名
称前 This is Professor Wu.
“专有名词+普通名词”构成
的街名、路名、山名等词前 Hainan Island Nanjing Road
续表
23
以下短语带the和不带the时,含义不同:#2
不使用the 使用the
go to school 去上学 go to the school 去学校
in bed (睡、病、躺)在
床上 in the bed (某人、某物)在床上
in class 在课堂上 in the class 在班里
24
不使用the 使用the
in front of 在……前面
(外部) in the front of 在……前面
(内部)
in future 从今以后 in the future 在未来
in hospital 生病住院 in the hospital 在医院里
(工作、探望病人等)
续表
25
考点测验
26
甘肃6年真题溯源
语法与情景对话
1.(2025省卷)Look at the photo of my family! ___ man in a
white T-shirt is my father.
C
A. A B. An C. The D. /
2.(2024省卷)I bought a new computer last weekend. ___
computer is made in China.
C
A. A B. An C. The D. /
27
3.(2023省卷)There are 60 minutes in ___ hour.
B
A. a B. an C. the D. /
4.(2022省卷)I just bought a new shirt. ___ shirt was pretty
expensive.
C
A. A B. An C. The D. /
5.(2021省卷)Jim started to play ___ violin when he was five.
C
A. a B. an C. the D. /
28
拓展提升
1.(2025天津)Mary usually rides ________ bike to school.
Sometimes she also goes by ________ bus.( )
A
A. a; / B. /; a C. the; a D. a; a
2.(2025白银三模)—What do you think of your new classmate,
Simon?
—He is ___ outgoing and humorous boy.
B
A. a B. an C. the D. /
29
3.(2025庆阳二模)My sister wants to be________ engineer
when she grows up. She is interested in ________
science.( )
C
A. a; / B. an; the C. an; / D. a; the
4.(2025定西安定区三模)You shouldn’t eat ice cream with ___
empty stomach.
B
A. a B. an C. the D. /
30
1.(2025陇南康县一模)Looking up the words in the dictionary
is ___ useful way to learn English.
A
A. a B. an C. the D. /
2.(2025张掖一中一模)There is ___ underground parking lot
near the supermarket.
C
A. the B. a C. an D. the
31
32
$