Unit 2 第4课时 Section A Grammar Focus 4a—4d-【七彩课堂】2025-2026学年八年级英语下册同步课件（人教版）

Unit 2 Stay Healthy Section A Gramar Focus 4a—4d To use reflexive pronouns to refer to the subject in a sentence. To learn these modal verbs: could, should, shouldn't. Objectives Grammar Focus 4a Read the sentences. Underline the modal verbs for advice and circle the reflexive pronouns. What’s wrong? I ate too much last night. Now my stomach aches. You shouldn’t eat so much next time. What’s the matter? I have a really bad toothache. You should see the dentist and get an X-ray. You could eat some soft food for now. How did you hurt yourself? I hurt myself when I fell off my bike. Be more careful next time. If we are not careful, we can easily hurt ourselves. 相当于fall over from“从……摔下来” 情态动词should should为情态动词，意为“应该；应当”，不能单独作谓语，后面接动词原形，没有人称和数的变化。否定形式是在其后加not，可缩写为shouldn’t。谓语中含有情态动词should的肯定句变为一般疑问句时，把should提到主语之前。其基本用法如下： 1. 常用来向别人提出建议或劝告别人做某事，意为“应该；应当”。 ▶ You should go home and get some rest. 你应该回家休息一下。 2. 表示推测和可能性。 ▶ We should arrive before dark. 我们天黑以前应该能到。 3. 表示义务或责任。 ▶ We should study hard. 我们应该努力学习。 4. 表示拒绝、愤怒或惊奇等，常用于疑问句或者感叹句中。 ▶ Why should I help him? 我为什么要帮他呢？ 情态动词could 情态动词could可用于有礼貌地向对方提出请求或请求对方的许可。could用于疑问句中时，可代替can，在时间上与can没有区别，但语气比can委婉、有礼貌。其答语没有固定的形式，但要符合上下文的语境。其基本用法如下： 1. 用于提出请求或要求 “Could you please …?”意为“请你……好吗？”，用于提出请求或要求。常用回答如下： 肯定回答 Yes, sure/of course. / No problem. / With pleasure. / Sure. / Of course. / Certainly, I can. 否定回答 Sorry, I can’t. I have to … / Sorry, I’m going to … / I’m afraid I can’t. I have to … ▶ — Peter, could you please take out the rubbish? 彼得，请你把垃圾倒掉好吗？ — Sure, Mum. 当然可以，妈妈。 ▶ — Could you please go hiking with me tomorrow? 请你明天和我一起去远足好吗？ — Sorry, I can’t. I have to look after my sister. 对不起，我不能。我得照顾我的妹妹。 2. 用于请求许可 “Could I …?”意为“我能……吗?”，用于请求对方允许自己做某事。常用回答如下： 肯定回答 Yes, you can. / Of course you can. / Yes, please. 否定回答 Sorry, you can’t. / I’m afraid you can’t. ▶ — Could I use your computer? 我能用一下你的电脑吗？ — Sorry. I’m going to work on it now. 对不起。我现在要用它来工作。 ▶ — Could you lend me your bike? 请你把自行车借给我好吗？ — Sure. / Of course. / Certainly, I could. 当然可以。 注意：同意他人请求的答语，一般只用can，而不用could。 3. 表示能力 could表示过去的能力，表示现在的能力用can。此时could是can的过去式。could的否定形式是could not，可以缩写为couldn’t。 ▶ Could you speak English then? 那时你能讲英语吗? ▶ He said he couldn’t follow me. 他说他跟不上我。 could的其他用法 1. could表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等情绪。 ▶ Who could have taken them? 谁会把它们拿走了呢? ▶ She couldn’t have left so soon. 她不可能这么快就走了。 2. 表示可能性，指对将来、现在或过去某种可能的推测。 ▶ He could arrive tomorrow. 他可能明天到。 3. 表示建议 ▶ We could write a letter to the director. 我们不妨给主管写封信。 4. 用于虚拟语气 ▶ How I wish I could go with you! 我多么希望能和你一起去呀！ 4b Complete the sentences using the correct reflexive pronouns. 1. The girl cleaned the cut on her arm by . 2. Be careful when you’re using the knife! Don’t cut . 3. After taking the safety training, we can enjoy in the mountains. 4. Mr Liu knows how to take care of his health because he used to be a doctor . 5. The students are young, but they know how to protect . 6. Her clearest memory is not of the race , but the terrible pain in her legs the next day. herself yourself itself themselves himself ourselves Let’s practice 反身代词 反身代词是一种表示反射或强调的代词。它由第一人称、第二人称的形容词性物主代词或第三人称的宾格形式，在词尾加-self或-selves构成。 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 myself 我自己 yourself 你自己 himself 他自己 herself 她自己 itself 它自己 复数 ourselves 我们自己 yourselves 你们自己 themselves 他/她/它们自己 反身代词的用法 1. 用在动词后面，作动词的宾语。 ▶ But the driver didn’t think about himself. 但是这位司机却不考虑自己。 2. 用作同位语。 ▶ The children made model planes themselves. 这些孩子们自己制作飞机模型。 3. 用作表语。 ▶ That boy in the picture was myself. 照片上的男孩就是我自己。 4c Complete the passage with should, shouldn’t, or could. Mobile phones are useful, but you use them wisely. To protect your eyes, every 20 minutes, you rest your eyes and look at something far away. What’s more, you change your screen’s brightness to try and match your environment and make the words on the screen bigger. Of course, you . look at your phone just before you go to bed, and you certainly look at it when you cross the road! In fact, you avoid using your phone too often. You listen to music instead of watching videos. You also talk to your friends instead of sending them messages. should shouldn’t could should shouldn’t should could could 4d Act out an illness or injury. Have the others guess what it is and give advice. • Do you have a sore throat / bad cold / …? • Did you fall from your bike / cut yourself / …? • You should / could / shouldn’t … Language points 1. Be careful when you’re using the knife! 使用刀具时要小心！ knife n. 刀 （pl. knives） ▶ He was wielding a large knife. 他挥舞着一把大刀。 v. 用刀伤害（或杀害） ▶ The criminal knifed his victim in a rage. 那个罪犯在盛怒之下用刀刺伤了受害者。 2. After taking the safety training, we can enjoy in the mountains. 参加完安全训练后，我们可以在山上享受 。 单词 词性&词义 形容词形式 safety n. 安全；安全处所 safe安全的 ▶ Don’t worry about his safety. 别担心他的安全。 常见固 定搭配 safety belt 安全带 safety lock 安全锁 safety glass 安全玻璃 in safety 安全地 3. Her clearest memory is not of the race ... 她最清晰的记忆并非比赛…… clear adj. 清晰的；清楚的 指视觉、听觉、理解等 ▶ The writing on the blackboard is clear. 黑板上的字很清楚。 ▶ She spoke in a clear voice. 她用清晰的声音讲话。 晴朗的（指天气） 指天空无云、天气晴朗 ▶ Tomorrow will be a clear day. 明天会是个晴天。 畅通的；无障碍的 指道路、空间等没有阻碍 ▶ The road is clear — we can drive through. 道路畅通，我们可以开车过去。 拓展 clear v. 清除；清理（具体物品） 指把不需要的东西移走，使地方干净 ▶ Please clear the table after dinner. 晚饭后请把桌子收拾干净。 使畅通；扫清障碍 指移除阻碍物，让道路、空间等通畅 ▶ The workers cleared the snow from the road. 工人们清除了路上的积雪。 4. ... but the terrible pain in her legs the next day. ……而是第二天腿部剧烈的疼痛。 拓展 painful adj. 令人疼痛的；令人痛苦的 ▶ Is your back still painful? 你的后背还疼吗？ ▶ The old man had a painful experience. 这位老人有一段痛苦的经历。 单词 词性&词义 例句&用法 pain n. 疼痛；痛苦 You get more aches and pains as you get older. 年纪越大，疼痛就越多。（作可数名词） The death of her mother gave her much pain. 她妈妈的去世使她很悲痛。（作不可数名词） 5. What’s more, you change your screen’s brightness to try and match your environment and make the words on the screen bigger. 此外，你 调整屏幕亮度，尽量与环境相匹配，并放大屏幕上的文字。 （1） 单词 词性&词义 用法 短语 brightness n. 亮度 指光线、色彩等的明亮程度 the brightness of… ……的亮度/明亮度 ▶ You can adjust the brightness of the lamp. 你可以调节台灯的亮度。 ▶ I love the brightness of the red dress. 我喜欢这条红裙子的鲜艳色彩。 （2） 单词 词性&词义 例句 environment n. 环境 指自然环境时，常在其前加定冠词the 也可指影响个体行为或事物发展的环境（如学习环境、家庭环境等） ▶ The environment has become a very hot issue. 环境已成为很热门的话题。 ▶ An unhappy home environment can affect a child’s behavior. 不幸的家庭环境可能对孩子的行为造成影响。 6. Of course, you look at your phone just before you go to bed, and you certainly look at it when you cross the road! 当然，你 在睡觉前看手机，更 在过马路时看手机！ cross v. 穿越；横过；交叉 表示从物体的表面穿过 ▶ They crossed the river by boat. 他们乘船过了河。 across prep. 穿过 表示从物体的表面穿过 ▶ We walked across the street. 我们穿过这条街道。 through prep. 穿过 表示从物体的内部穿过或通过 ▶ The travelers walked through the big forest. 旅行者们徒步穿越了大森林。 Exercises Ⅰ. 按要求完成句子。 1. Don’t play with fire.（改为同义句） You with fire. 2. You should wear a coat in the car.（改为否定句） You a coat in the car. 3. We should learn how to use these tools effectively.（改为一般疑问句） we learn how to use these tools effectively? 4. The old man couldn’t see anything.（改为同义句） The old man see . 5. — Could you please help do the dishes?（作肯定回答） — , . Yes of course shouldn’t wear Should could nothing shouldn’t play Ⅱ. 用括号中所给单词的正确形式完成句子。 1. Helen, a British student, will enjoy (she) during the summer holiday in China. 2. The Forest Park is a good place for me to enjoy (I). 3. We need to protect (our) from getting sunburned on sunny days. 4. These English words are easy. Linda, you can read them by (you). yourself myself ourselves herself Homework 1. Review the Grammar Focus and write it down. 2. Preview the passage in 1b and 3a. 伴你成长 感谢您的观看 $