专题03 阅读理解 说明文（期中真题汇编，广东专用）高二英语下学期

专题03 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与社会 —— 文化传播与社会发展 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·广东·期中）After Taylor Swift, the “Mona Lisa” is probably the most recognizable female face in the world. Every day around 20,000 people stare at the Leonardo da Vinci’s painting in the Louvre. Yet it became famous not because of a tempting semi-smile. Until a worker stole the masterpiece in 1911, it was still mostly unknown; viewers flooded in to see what a French newspaper called “an enormous, horrific, gaping void (空白)”. Classics of art, literature and music are supposed to carry some mysterious appeal that endures across the ages. But as Rochelle Gurstein, a historian, writes in a new book, the “timeless classic” is anything but. “What I believed was written in stone was actually written in water”, she argues. Classics come and go. Take other celebrated works of art. Until the end of the 19th century Michelangelo’ s “David” had only his fig leaf to protect him from the weather in Piazza della Signoria in Florence. He attracted more pigeons than visitors; visitors preferred the artist’s sculpture of Moses in Rome. Before the famous “Venus de Milo” was discovered in 1820, viewers were crazy about “Venus de Medici”, a delicate sculpture most people alive today have never heard of. Much as in art, the classics of music and literature have not always been set in stone either. Today, Johann Sebastjan Bach is often regarded as the master of classical music. But after his death in 1750, Bach’s compositions fell out of fashion until Felix Mendelssohn, a German composer, rediscovered them in the 1820s. Herman Melville’s masterpiece “Moby Dick” was largely forgotten until critics such as Raymond Weaver, a professor at Columbia University rescued him from the depth of a nobody around the centenary of his birth in 1919. “The status of classics” depends on critics and shows the power of passionate writers to change the way people look at art. Tastes evolve, and they should. But culture lives on only as long as people continue to argue over what counts as a classic today. The true enemy of the classic is not relativism or awakening. It is silence. 1．What made the painting “Mona Lisa” famous? A．The painter. B．The theft. C．The report. D．The semi-smile. 2．What does Rochelle think of classics? A．Changeable. B．Fading. C．Enduring. D．Admirable. 3．How does the author use the examples of Bach and “Moby Dick” to support the main argument? A．To prove that true classics never lose their value over time. B．To suggest that only music and literature can become timeless. C．To argue that modern audiences have better taste than past ones. D．To show that forgotten works can regain fame through critical reevaluation. 4．What might ultimately discourage the development of classics? A．The ignorance of culture. B．The course of time. C．The lack of criticism. D．The evolution of tastes. Passage 2 （24-25高二下·广东茂名·期中）Premiered (首映) on January 29, 2025, the animated film Ne Zha 2 has taken the world by storm, earning over 10 billion yuan as of February 13, 2025. Directed by Jiaozi, it continues the story of Ne Zha and Ao Bing. After surviving a great disaster, Ne Zha and Ao Bing lost their physical bodies. Their souls were saved by Taiyi Zhenren with a magical seven — colored lotus. But their souls began to disappear again, so Taiyi Zhenren had to rebuild their bodies with limited materials. The film shows remarkable character growth. Ne Zha, once rebellious (叛逆的), learns to care for his friends and understand himself.  Ao Bing, who used to have personal troubles, becomes a brave warrior. Visually, Ne Zha 2 is a feast for the eyes. It features thrilling scenes like flowing lava and terrifying sea monsters at the beginning. Later, it takes the audience to Kunlun Mountain, a magical place full of colorful landscapes and fairy — like creatures. The final battle is unforgettable, with characters using amazing weapons. Beyond the action, Ne Zha 2 conveys important life lessons. It encourages people to be brave in the face of difficulties, fight for what is right, and value friendship. The film has not only broken box office records but also received high praise, with a rating of 8.6/10 on major review platforms. 5．What does the underlined word “feast” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．A pleasant sight. B．A difficult task. C．A large meal. D．A big problem. 6．What can we infer from the text? A．Ne Zha 2 is the first film to feature Ne Zha and Ao Bing. B．The film’s success lies only in its stunning visual effects. C．The film has no influence on the animation industry. D．The characters in the film have obvious growth and changes. 7．According to the text, which of the following is TRUE about Ne Zha 2? A．It was released on January 28, 2025. B．It earned over 10 billion yuan in its first week. C．It has an 8.6 out of 10 rating on leading review platforms. D．It has become the second highest — earning film globally. 8．What is the author’s purpose of writing the film review? A．To introduce the director of Ne Zha 2. B．To introduce the box office of Ne Zha 2. C．To introduce the visual effects of Ne Zha 2. D．To introduce the success and main content of Ne Zha 2. Passage 3 （24-25高二下·广东深圳·期中）Operation Overlord, the Allied campaign to liberate Europe and defeat the Nazis, has long been memorialized in Hollywood films like Saving Private Ryan. By August 1944, over two million soldiers had landed in northern France to fight the Germans. Their story is well-known. Much less well-known is the crucial role hundreds of thousands of women from all walks of life played in this epic military mission. 29-year-old Welsh nurse Iris Bower was one of the first British women to arrive in Normandy after the D-Day landings in June 1944. She faced down hostility before she’d even reached the beaches. “We don’t want any bloody women in this outfit,” one of the soldiers told her. But with the biggest invasion in history underway, women like Iris were vital to Allied victory. Not discouraged by male opponents, Iris was one of the two women from the Princess May’s Royal Air Force Nursing Service who crossed the Channel five days after the invasion began. Supplies were basic, sleeping in trenches (战壕), washing from a bucket (水桶), bombs exploding overhead. The nursing sisters worked tirelessly in a temporary field hospital, where over 1,000 wounded soldiers were treated in under a week. Back in Britain, 18-year-old Ruth Bourne was fighting the same war as Iris and the men on the beaches but from a north London outstation, part of the Bletchley Park code-breaking center. Ruth operated the giant, noisy machines used to break the German Enigma codes. In June 1944, her workload was particularly heavy. Thousands of women there translated and processed these coded enemy messages, yielding crucial intelligence for the army fighting across France. There were also other women found themselves far nearer the action. They operated radar, height finders, predictors and cutting-edge technology to plot the course of enemy aircraft. 9．Why does the author mention the film Saving Private Ryan? A．To show millions of people died in the war. B．To show there are many inspiring war films. C．To show D-Day Landings have raised people’s interest. D．To show men’s contribution in war is widely-recognized. 10．What was the soldier’s attitude towards Iris Bower before she arrived in Normandy? A．Respectful and welcoming B．Indifferent and uninterested C．Unfriendly and dismissive D．Grateful and admiring 11．What does the author want to stress in paragraph 3? A．The initial resistance from male colleagues. B．The timely treatment to the wounded soldiers. C．The support and encouragement from the military. D．The tough working conditions and heavy workload. 12．What was Ruth Bourne’s role during the war? A．She was a translator. B．She was a pilot. C．She was a code-breaker. D．She was a nurse. 主题02 人与自我 —— 自我感知与心灵成长 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·广东佛山·期中）Imagine you’ve planned a wonderful trip for your family. But rather than being excited, your kids complain about missing an after-school club meeting at a neighbor’s house. Missing the event causes such intense FOMO (fear of missing out) that they don’t want to go on your amazing trip. If this kind of situation sounds familiar, you’re not alone. A recent study finds that FOMO often arises when people miss events with meaningful social connections. It’s not about the dinner or the food — it’s about missing the chance to connect with people who matter to you. Being left out can make you feel disconnected, even worried about losing your status(地位) in the group. Researchers conducted a series of experiments to find simple ways to reduce FOMO. In one experiment, 788 participants were asked to look through their social media until they saw a post of a missed social event. The researchers asked half of these participants to immediately describe how much FOMO they were feeling. The rest followed the same steps, except that before expressing how much FOMO they were feeling, they were asked to think back to a previous experience socializing with their friends. Encouragingly, there was a significant drop in the level of FOMO they reported. Therefore, missing out on social bonding experiences doesn’t have to be anxiety-provoking. In fact, in our activity-packed lives, missing some “must-attend” events may be a welcome relief — especially if you remind yourself that your place with your friends is safe, which has led to a recent wave called JOMO, or “Joy of Missing Out”. According to Stuart Smalley, the self-help expert of a 1990s TV show “Saturday Night Live”, reminding yourself that “I’m good enough, I’m smart enough and people like me!” might be just the trick to lessen FOMO. 13．What may cause FOMO according to the study? A．The absence from fun activities. B．The missing of social connections. C．The change of planned events. D．The misunderstanding of parents. 14．What helps to reduce FOMO in the experiment? A．Reducing time on social media. B．Raising status in the society. C．Recalling moments with friends. D．Describing the level of FOMO. 15．Why does the author mention Stuart Smalley in the last paragraph? A．To offer a way to reduce FOMO. B．To introduce a famous TV show. C．To explain the origin of the concept. D．To show the comments on FOMO. Passage 2 （24-25高二下·广东佛山·期中）Few senses can transport us through time and space like our sense of smell. That characteristic smell of a place seems to contain its very essence. While photos may capture images, only smell has the power to truly bring back the feeling of being there. Today, smell-free environments have become an ideal to struggle for, leading us to pay less attention to smells than ever before. In doing so, however, we’re missing out on a number of benefits. Smell forms a key part of many of our most important experiences. For example, the emotional attachment and desire for your romantic partner depends on smell, to a surprising extent. So does your appetite. While the enjoyment of food and drink is often related to taste, it is primarily driven by our sense of smell. If you hold your nose while eating, you will notice how most flavours disappear. And while smell can bring back the past, it also gets you involved in the present. We’ve had a reminder of this recently because of the Covid-19 pandemic, which caused long-lasting damage to an estimated 30 million people’s sense of smell. We rarely think about how attending to smells can make us feel more alive, but those with smell loss report feeling alienated from reality, as if they are watching the world on a screen. This puts them at a high risk of becoming depressed. Fortunately, our ability to smell can be enhanced. Research has shown that being exposed to the smells of the forest, sea or earth after rain is particularly good for us. Scientists believe that enjoying the Japanese Shinrin-Yoku “forest bathing” can make participants more mindful and aware of the smells around them. Wherever we are, we can still get some benefits by practicising “smell-walking”. The smell-walk develops a sense of connectedness, making us realise that all places have their characteristic “smellscape” shaped by their unique nature, history and culture. It is always worth paying attention to your smellscape, because it likely shapes your thoughts, feelings and moods, whether you are aware of it or not. 16．What is a benefit of smell? A．It strengthens brain power. B．It improves visual perception. C．It enhances connection with the present. D．It determines the taste of food and drink. 17．What does the underlined word “alienated” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Constantly distracted. B．Emotionally distanced. C．Occasionally bothered. D．Culturally disconnected. 18．What does the passage suggest for improving our sense of smell? A．Engaging in smell-walking activities. B．Making exercise a daily routine. C．Creating smell-free environments. D．Avoiding exposure to bad smells. 19．Which is the best title for the text? A．Wanting vivid memories? Take a breath B．Preferring good flavors? Train your nose C．Needing a good environment? Clear the air D．Looking for a better life? Follow your nose 主题03 人与自然 —— 生态保护与自然共生 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·广东茂名·期中）Air pollution is among the biggest threats against humans, which causes seven million early deaths a year. To fight this problem, four friends put their heads together and designed CityTree, which is a mobile structure that can capture as many pollutants as a forest made up of 275 trees. What makes the ‘tree’ special is that it’s not a regular tree at all; it is made up of moss cultures(苔藓培养物) that do a great job of absorption. “Moss cultures have a much larger surface than any other plant,” Zhengliang Wu, co-founder of Green City Solutions, explained to CNN. “That means we can capture more pollutants.” The entire ‘tree’ sustains itself using solar panels that generate electricity so that it can collect rainwater itself. To monitor the health of the moss, the CityTree has sensors which measure temperature and water quality. Now, about 20 CityTrees can be found in major cities like Oslo, and Paris. The team also has plans to introduce the CityTree to cities in lower-income countries, which may have worse air pollution. However, Gary Fuller, an expert on air pollution, thinks that the concept of an urban air purifier might be too ambitious. “Even if you had a perfect air cleaner, getting the surrounding air in contact with it is really hard,” he said. Pollution made by cars, for example, spreads upwards a few kilometers into the air. “Efforts would be better put into stopping the pollution from forming in the first place,” he added. In response, the CityTree inventors say that they are aware of this and choose the location of each CityTree carefully. They are also testing a system to create their own air flow that draws the pollution to the “tree”. 20．How does the CityTree sustain itself according to the passage? A．By absorbing pollutants from nearby factories. B．Using wind turbines to power its systems. C．By relying on regular tree photosynthesis. D．Through solar panels that produce electricity and gather rainwater. 21．What is Gary Fuller’s attitude to the CityTree? A．Doubtful. B．Intolerant. C．Worried. D．Unclear. 22．What can be inferred from Gary Fuller’s comments about the CityTree? A．He believes the CityTree is the best solution to air pollution. B．He thinks stopping pollution at its source is more effective than using air cleaners. C．He fully supports the widespread use of CityTrees in all cities. D．He claims the CityTree can easily purify air several kilometers above the ground. 23．What will the CityTree inventors probably do? A．Develop a new type of air cleaner. B．Make improvements to the structure. C．Redirect efforts to make greener cars. D．Expand their business in rich countries. Passage 2 （24-25高二下·广东茂名·期中）Premiered (首映) on January 29, 2025, the animated film Ne Zha 2 has taken the world by storm, earning over 10 billion yuan as of February 13, 2025. Directed by Jiaozi, it continues the story of Ne Zha and Ao Bing. After surviving a great disaster, Ne Zha and Ao Bing lost their physical bodies. Their souls were saved by Taiyi Zhenren with a magical seven — colored lotus. But their souls began to disappear again, so Taiyi Zhenren had to rebuild their bodies with limited materials. The film shows remarkable character growth. Ne Zha, once rebellious (叛逆的), learns to care for his friends and understand himself. Ao Bing, who used to have personal troubles, becomes a brave warrior. Visually, Ne Zha 2 is a feast for the eyes. It features thrilling scenes like flowing lava and terrifying sea monsters at the beginning. Later, it takes the audience to Kunlun Mountain, a magical place full of colorful landscapes and fairy — like creatures. The final battle is unforgettable, with characters using amazing weapons. Beyond the action, Ne Zha 2 conveys important life lessons. It encourages people to be brave in the face of difficulties, fight for what is right, and value friendship. The film has not only broken box office records but also received high praise, with a rating of 8.6/10 on major review platforms, 28．What does the underlined word “feast” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．A pleasant sight. B．A difficult task. C．A large meal. D．A big problem. 29．What can we infer from the text? A．Ne Zha 2 is the first film to feature Ne Zha and Ao Bing. B．The film’s success lies only in its stunning visual effects. C．The film has no influence on the animation industry. D．The characters in the film have obvious growth and changes. 30．According to the text, which of the following is TRUE about Ne Zha 2? A．It was released on January 28, 2025. B．It earned over 10 billion yuan in its first week. C．It has an 8.6 out of 10 rating on leading review platforms. D．It has become the second highest — carning film globally. 31．What is the author’s purpose of writing the film review? A．To introduce the director of Ne Zha 2. B．To introduce the box office of Ne Zha 2. C．To introduce the visual effects of Ne Zha 2. D．To introduce the success and main content of Ne Zha 2. Passage 3 （24-25高二下·广东佛山·期中）For the first time in U.S history, scientists launched an emergency effort this week to rescue critically endangered smalltooth sawfish, which are succumbing (屈服) rapidly to the mysterious fish ailment (疾病) ravaging the Florida Keys. As of early April, 30 sawfish (锯鳐) have died, all of them older teenagers or adults, ranging from 7 to 14 feet in length. There are likely only about 650 breeding females living in Florida, one of only two remaining wild populations left due to overfishing and loss of habitat throughout the Atlantic. “This level of mortality on an endangered species is unprecedented. And therefore, to some degree, this is an unprecedented response,” says Adam Brame, sawfish recovery coordinator for NOAA (国家海洋和大气局) Fisheries, one of the government agencies working with a network of private aquariums and nonprofits to capture the fish and bring them into captivity. A type of ray, the smalltooth sawfish has a flattened body with a large tooth-studded saw, or rostrum. They slash their saw side to side to stir up critters in the seafloor and stun fish, and use it to defend themselves against predators such as sharks. “It looks like a hedge trimmer (树篱修剪器) on the front, a stingray in the middle and a shark on the back end,” says Brame. “If you put those three things together and have a little cauldron, then poof, out pops a sawfish.” The smalltooth sawfish, which can live 30 years, is also notable for being the first marine fish to receive federal protection under the Endangered Species Act, in 2003. Conservation efforts had been slowly building the sawfish population back up — until now. “The entire U.S. population depends on Florida, which is a lifeboat population,” says Yannis Papastamatiou, a marine biologist and shark expert at Florida International University who is not involved in the rescue initiative. That’s why, he says, such an urgent response is so crucial. “To suddenly start losing all of these animals could be potentially catastrophic and could potentially turn back decades of conservation.” Since November 2023, a total of 57 fish species in Florida have displayed the spinning behavior, caused by an unknown culprit that is under investigation. 32．What feature can allow sawfish to stun fish? A．Their flattened body shape. B．Their tooth-studded saw or rostrum. C．Their ability to slash their saw side to side. D．Their defense mechanisms against predators. 33．What does the underline sentence suggest? A．The sawfish has a special survival technique. B．The sawfish’s saw is primarily used for hunting. C．The high mortality rate requires an extraordinary conservation effort. D．The government is working with other organizations to save the sawfish. 34．The phrase “unknown culprit” is used to refer to . A．A new fish species B．A person causing harm C．The reason for the spinning behavior D．A fishing method 35．Choose the best title for passage: . A．The Unique Habitats of the Elusive Smalltooth Sawfish B．The Plunge & deliver of the Vulnerable Smalltooth Sawfish C．Florida: The Key to Saving the Smalltooth Sawfish D．The Secret Reasons for the Smalltooth Sawfish’s Decline Passage 4 （24-25高二下·广东深圳·期中）During the annual political meetings, environmental protection was definitely among the biggest concerns. Actually, it was also an issue that ancient Chinese paid great attention to. In fact, the world’s earliest environmental protection concept, ministry (部门) and laws were all born in China. So, what did the ancient Chinese do to protect the environment? In early ancient China, environmental protection was promoted to the political level. Xunzi, a famous thinker in Warring States Period, brought up the concept of managing state affairs through environmental protection. He stated in his book that vegetation (植被) should not be damaged at will. Guan Zhong, an official 400 years ahead of Xunzi, was also an environmental protection expert. During his term of office, he claimed that “a King who cannot protect his vegetation is not qualified to be a king”. According to a record in Qing dynasty, the environmental protection ministry in early ancient China was called “Yu” (虞), standing both for the institution and the official title. Although most functions were similar to such ministries today, the administration (管理) range of it was much larger, including the mountains, forests, rivers, lakes and so on. The nine ministries established by Shun, an ancient Chinese king, already included “Yu”, the environmental protection ministry. The first “Yu” official was a man called Boyi, who was indeed an environmental protection expert. He was a capable assistant to Dayu, an ancient Chinese water-control expert. He invented wells, protecting people’s drinking water from pollution. He knew a lot about animals and also called for animal protection. Environmental protection laws dated back to the ruling period of Dayu, which was more than 4,000 years ago. During his rule, he issued a ban, preventing people from cutting down wood in March or catching fish in June, the time when they were supposed to boom and the number of fish would grow. In Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period almost 3,000 years ago, “environmental protection laws” appeared in its true sense in Qin, which was recorded in Law of Fields and regarded as China’s earliest environmental protection laws. 36．Which statement would Xunzi probably agree with? A．People shouldn’t protect vegetation. B．Much attention should be paid to people’s drinking water. C．The king who failed to protect the environment should be removed. D．Running a country and environmental protection should be combined. 37．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The ministry of Yu. B．The modern ministry. C．The Qing dynasty. D．The official title. 38．Why couldn’t fish be caught in June during Dayu’s rule? A．Fish didn’t taste delicious in June. B．It was too hot to catch fish in June. C．Fish had a period of rapid growth in June. D．Fish-catching time had already passed in June. 39．Which is the best title of the passage? A．Dayu — a Great Environmental Protector B．How the Ancient Chinese Protect the Environment C．Famous Environmental Protection Experts in China D．Concept of the World’s Earliest Environmental Protection 主题01 人与社会 —— 科技发展与文化传播 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·广东·期中）Every time AI drafts an e-mail or an image, the planet pays for it. Making two images can consume as much energy as charging a smartphone. By 2027, the global AI industry could annually consume as much electricity as the Netherlands. And a new study identifies another concern: generative AI applications alone could add 1.2million to five million tons of harmful trash to the planet by 2030. Such a contribution would add to the tens of millions of tons of electronic products the globe abandons annually. Cell phones, computers and other digital products often contain mercury (汞), lead or other poisons. When improperly disposed of, they can pollute air, water and soil. In 2022, about 78% of the world’s e-waste end up in landfills or at unofficial recycling sites, where laborers risk their health to clean up rare metals. The AI boom rapidly consumes data storage devices and high-performance components, which are usually replaced when new versions are available. To calculate the e-waste contribution, researchers examined hardware use, lifespan, and the industry’s growth rate. Their prediction is an estimate that could change based on various factors. This study’s biggest value comes from its attention to AI’s broad environmental impacts, says Shaolei Ren, a researcher at the University of California, Riverside. “We might want AI companies to slow down a bit,” he says. Few countries mandate (强制) the proper disposal of e-waste, and those that do often fail to carry out their existing laws on it. Twenty-five U. S. states have e-waste management policies, but there is no federal law that requires electronics recycling. Thankfully, some companies claim to be taking independent action. Microsoft and Google have committed to reaching net zero waste and net zero emissions respectively by2030. They have many options to limit e-waste. It’s possible to squeeze more life out of servers, for instance, through regular maintenance and updates or by shifting worn-out devices to less-intensive applications. These strategies are vital to reduce e-waste and benefit society, the study authors estimate. 1．What can be inferred from Paragraph 1? A．The Netherlands consumes too much electricity. B．The disadvantages of AI outweigh the advantages. C．AI’s energy-related issues largely result from image-making. D．The environmental footprint of AI is alarmingly extensive. 2．What is Shaolei Ren’s attitude toward the growth of AI companies? A．Indifferent. B．Cautious. C．Positive. D．Ambiguous. 3．What is the key to reducing e-waste? A．Adjusting AI application frequency. B．Prioritizing smartphone recycling. C．Banning the overuse of AI completely. D．Adopting device-lifespan-extending measures. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．AI May Worsen the E-waste Crisis. B．E-waste Calls for Proper Use of AI. C．E-waste Problems Mostly Blame on AI. D．AI and E-waste Always Go Hand in Hand. Passage 2 （24-25高二下·广东广州·期中）“After 30 years of reading cardiograms (心电图), I can never tell whether it’s from a man or woman, or the age of the person,” said Eric Topol, a cardiologist from Scripps Research in La Jolla, California. “A machine can detect if a person has anaemia (贫血) or other difficult diagnoses (诊断).” Topol is excited not only about how machines are already better than experts at spotting problems, but how they can discover patterns that experts wouldn’t even notice. “In Japan, doctors are using machine vision to pick up polyps (息肉) in real time, and detecting whether or not they could be cancerous and whether they should have a biopsy (活组织检查),” he said. “Machines will not replace physicians — but physicians making use of AI will soon replace those not using it.” Still, these are early days for the application of AI in healthcare. Pearse Keane, a consultant doctor at Moorrelds Eye Hospital, has been leading a collaboration between Moor fields and Google’s Deep Mind Health. In 2018, he famously published a proof-of-concept paper in Nature showing the erst successful AI diagnosis for eye disease. “The algorithm that we’ve developed isn’t in clinical use at the minute, so we’re trying to implement this now,” Keane said. Keane mentioned the INSIGHT study, which is looking into eye disease and its link to other conditions such as diabetes (糖尿病). “We are using the eye as a window to the rest of the body. With deep learning, we can now look at a retinal (视网膜) photograph and say, ‘This is a woman, she’s 58 years old, she’s not a smoker or a diabetic, her BMI is around 25, and her blood pressure is around 150 over 85.’ Now, to me, that’s staggering (惊人的),” Keane said. The INSIGHT study is analysing more than three million OCT scans from around 300,000 patients. “We now know, for every person having had a retinal scan here, who’s gone on to develop a heart attack or diabetes,” he said. “The reason why we’re excited is that we think that if we can get the appropriate data sets and learn them deeply, we can find much more in the back of the eye about the health of the rest of the body.” “The application of AI for healthcare and medicine is about precision and accuracy, but that’s not all,” said Topol. The most important aspect is how AI can promote a stronger human connection between doctor and patient. “We see patients in single digit numbers of minutes. And that’s not enough, you need the gift of time, which AI can give back,” he said. “Next year this will be the standard,” he believes. “Rather than doctors being data clerks, they will be making eye contact with patients. There’s no algorithm (算法) for empathy (同理心). That’s a human characteristic that we have to develop and get back in the way it used to be.” 5．According to Topol, machines in healthcare ______. A．can pick up polyps B．will replace doctors C．are already better than experts D．can discover if a patient has diseases 6．In Paragraph 4, Keane mentioned a retinal photograph of a patient mainly to ______. A．evaluate the effects of AI in healthcare B．introduce a patient’s personal information C．explain how deep learning detects diseases D．show the present outcome of AI’s application 7．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A．AI has been the standard of some advanced hospitals. B．AI will not replace doctors though it is already better than experts at spotting problems. C．Doctors will spend more time on face-to-face communication with patients. D．With deep learning, the researchers can find the secrets of the eye. 8．What does this passage mainly talk about? A．The AI’s application on diagnosis. B．Successful AI diagnosis for eye disease. C．The great clinical progress in deep learning. D．The impact of AI on promoting human connection. Passage 3 （24-25高二下·广东·期中）In 2002, poet Michael Palma published a translation of Inferno by Dante (但丁), the first part of The Divine Comedy. This December, he released a translation of the full poem, even making adjustments to his original Inferno. “The rhythm or pattern of the poem seemed looser,” Palma said, so he revised it. For this new translation, Palma aimed to stick to Dante’s terza rima rhyme pattern. In the original, the first and third lines rhyme, and the second line sets up the rhyme for the next group. Here’s how Palma’s version of Canto 1 of Purgatorio starts: “Right now, my small boat of wisdom raises its sails, ready to sail through the dangerous waters and leave this rough sea behind.” Approaching the translation this way is challenging as one can’t focus on just three lines at a time. Many English translations use free poetry or a looser rhyme, which Palma admits can be good. But he believes not reproducing the rhymes means losing much of the poem’s sound and music. He also thinks it fails to show readers what Dante did. Palma isn’t the first to attempt this. So, what’s the value in another translation of The Divine Comedy? Joseph Luzzi, a literature professor, said translation is a form of autobiography, which has no fixed rules. Luzzi recently published his translation of Dante’s Vita Nuova, a less-known work. It portrays a young Dante’s experience. In these works, themes like love, the exploration of human nature, and the pursuit of self-improvement are noticeable. Translating his work keeps it alive, and its relevance is clear. We can learn from these translations and discussions that literature has the power to connect different times and cultures. It encourages us to think deeply, explore different ways of expression, and continuously improve our understanding and appreciation of the world. 9．Which of the following words best describes Palma’s translation of Dante’s Inferno? A．Imaginative. B．Faithful. C．Innovative. D．Complex. 10．What was the main difficulty Palma faced in his new translation? A．It was pattern-challenging. B．It was culture-bound. C．It was time-consuming. D．It was word-limited. 11．Which of the following statements is Luzzi most likely to agree with? A．Translation is not applicable to less-known works. B．Translation demands strict pattern. C．Translation changes outdated themes. D．Translation is a self-reflective act. 12．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To compare different translation methods of Dante’s works. B．To analyze the challenges of preserving poetic rhythm in translation. C．To highlight the cultural and timeless value of translating literature. D．To introduce two scholars’ contributions to Dantean studies. 主题02 人与自我 —— 健康管理与心灵成长 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·广东广州·期中）Active Cities — A Glimpse into Global Fitness Berlin: Sports City in Europe In the middle of Europe, there is Berlin, a city famous for its love of sports. With more than 2,500 sports clubs, Berlin has many things for people who like to exercise. People like to ride bikes in Berlin, and there are special paths for bikes on the city’s old streets. The city also has a big running race called the Berlin Marathon, where runners from all over the world come to join. Sydney: City of the Great Outdoors Far away across the ocean, in Australia, is Sydney, a city that loves being outside. There is a famous path called the Bondi to Coogee Coastal Walk where people like to run and walk. Water sports are very popular here, and many people enjoy surfing and kayaking. The beaches in Sydney are not just for lying in the sun; they are places where people exercise and have fun together. Tokyo: Old and New Ways to Stay Fit In Asia, Tokyo is a city that mixes old and new ways to stay healthy. There are many places to learn martial arts (武术), which shows that the city values discipline and being strong. Tokyo also has many modern ways to exercise, with lots of gyms and yoga places for people who cared about their health. New York: Always on the Move Adding to our list, New York City is a place where people are always moving. From people running along Reservoir Running Track or Bridle Path early in the morning in Central Park to yoga classes on rooftops at night, New York is full of activity. The city’s parks are full of people playing sports, from basketball to tai chi. New York’s way of staying fit is as different as the people who live there, with something for everyone. These cities show us that no matter where you are in the world, there are always ways to keep your body moving and stay healthy. 13．Who participates in the Berlin Marathon? A．Cycling enthusiasts. B．Professional athletes. C．Worldwide runners. D．Local residents only. 14．What do Sydney and New York have in common? A．Both have famous beaches. B．Both have many sports clubs. C．Both own lots of yoga studios. D．Both own popular running paths. 15．Where is this text probably taken from? A．A book about tourism. B．A magazine about sports. C．A dairy from a tourist. D．A guide for city planning. Passage 2 （24-25高二下·广东肇庆·期中）It was 8:30 pm on a Friday at a health club in central London. The Yoga (瑜伽) for Beginners class was packed with first-timers eager to learn. It may have taken thousands of years, but yoga has shaken off its image as a practice associated with incense and chanting (诵经) to become a lifestyle essential for thousands of Britons everywhere. Yoga is changing lives in clubs and gyms around Britain. It has overtaken diving to become the fastest-growing new activity across the country. Every gym now has yoga classes, and yoga teachers are becoming popular and respected. Children as young as three take “Yoga Bug” classes. Hotels in Turkey, Spain and Mexico even offer yoga holidays for people whose idea of a relaxing time is strong exercise and soft things to drink. The new yoga generation believes engaging body and mind is the way to inner calm, not to mention a flat stomach, slimmer hips and a graceful body. Tom, 26, who works for a design company in Manchester, north-west England and started yoga in January, says this exercise is a perfect antidote to modern life. “Like most people, I work longer hours and travel a lot. Work is hard and competitive. I want somewhere where I can be alone and forget about absolutely everything, where the only person I am up against is myself.” Fenella Lindsell, director and founder of the Art of Health and Yoga in south-west London, says yoga’s popularity naturally results from consumers’ new-found interest in alternative lifestyles. “We are more in touch with how we feel and present ourselves. The same goes for fitness. We are questioning whether the traditional ‘no pain, no gain’ approach is for the best. We want a more complete form of exercise.” Sports scientists at Loughborough University, England, have just finished a study of exercise patterns that concludes that “low-impact exercises” are healthier for most people than hours spent lifting weights. Dr Ian Cockerill, who studies exercise trends, says less is now more. “People know they should ‘just do it’, but they're looking for a whole range of new feelings for the mind and the body.” Professional trend observers go further. They argue that the yoga craze is part of a general shift away from materialism to “the experience economy”. As most people earn more, making oneself look and feel good is now more about getting the latest “experience” than buying the latest thing. 16．In the past, yoga was considered ________. A．connected with people’s health B．relevant to incense and chanting C．connected with the fastest-growing economy D．associated with an essential lifestyle 17．What does the underlined word “overtaken” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Outnumbered. B．Balanced. C．Compared. D．Benefited. 18．Why is yoga a perfect antidote for Tom? A．Yoga is beneficial to his health. B．He has the chance to be alone and get away from work there. C．He can keep up with the trend by practising yoga. D．Yoga can help him to be competitive. 19．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Meaning of Yoga B．The Popularity of Yoga C．A Form of Exercise D．People’s Attitudes Towards Yoga Passage 3 （24-25高二下·广东广州·期中）If a president, a philosopher, and one of the best-selling writers credited the same secret of their success, would you try to follow it too? What if the secret was something you already knew how to do? In fact, you probably do it every day. Here’s what Friedrich Nietzsche wrote: “It is only ideas gained from walking that have any worth.” Thomas Jefferson: “Walking is the best possible exercise.” Charles Dickens: “If I could not walk far and fast, I think I should just explode and die.” Researchers have found quite a lot of connections between walking and producing ideas. A study from Stanford University found that participants were 81 percent more creative when walking as opposed to sitting. According to the study, walking outside — compared with on a treadmill (跑步机) — produces the most novel and highest-quality ideas. The movement aspect of walking is obviously key. Our creative thinking is triggered (触发) by physical movement, which is exactly why walking — with your dog, a friend, or alone — feeds creative thinking. The scenery is almost as important as the sweat. Breaking your routine with a walk can be a catalyst for fresh understanding of problems or projects. Just by going outside, you are stepping out of your familiar surroundings and your comfort zone, which is necessary if you want to open your mind to new possibilities. You can walk through a tree-filled neighborhood. You can walk through a park and observe people joking or birds singing. Being inside, you’re more likely to be lifeless, which means you don’t have enough energy to wonder or create. So instead of setting a fitness goal, why not set a creativity goal that starts with walking? Involve yourself more closely in your surroundings. Turn off your phone and give yourself the chance to be present in the world, to hear conversations and natural sounds, and to notice the way people move and the way the sun reflects in a puddle (小水坑). 20．How does the author introduce the topic? A．By providing the background. B．By borrowing phrases from great minds. C．By giving definition. D．By presenting well-known examples. 21．The underlined word in Paragraph 4 means something ________. A．causing a change B．stopping progress C．catching eyes D．interrupting creativity 22．What can we learn from the passage? A．Nature exploration improves fitness. B．Walking on a treadmill brings more energy. C．Working indoors makes people less creative. D．Familiar surroundings encourage novel ideas. 23．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Exercise in Nature. B．Train Your Brain. C．Develop Your Creativity. D．Walk for Wonders. 主题03 人与自然 —— 生态保护与环境关注 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·广东湛江·期中）Scientists have long known that plastics are damaging the oceans. However, they were not sure where all the plastic waste came from. A new study shows that much of it is floating in the air. A team of scientists from the United States and Denmark recently published their findings. They discovered that small pieces of plastic, called microplastics, are floating in the air all over the world. These tiny plastic particles (颗粒) are so small that they can be breathed in by humans. The researchers collected air samples from 11 locations around the world. They used special equipment to filter (过滤) the air and collect the microplastics. They found an average of 1,000 pieces of microplastics per cubic meter of air. In some places, the number was even higher. The sources of these microplastics are not completely clear. But the researchers believe that they come from a variety of sources, including plastic bags, bottles, and synthetic (合成的) clothing. When these plastics break down, they release small particles into the air. The presence of microplastics in the air is a concern because they can be harmful to human health. When people breathe in these particles, they can cause problems in the lungs and other organs. The researchers also said that microplastics in the air can be carried long distances by the wind. This means that they can spread to areas where there is little or no plastic production. 24．What did the new study find? A．There is more plastic waste in the air than in the ocean. B．Microplastics are floating in the air all over the world. C．The sources of plastic waste are clear. D．Microplastics are too big to be breathed in by humans. 25．How did the researchers collect air samples? A．By using special equipment. B．By using plastic bags. C．By using bottles. D．By using synthetic clothing. 26．What is the main concern about microplastics in the air? A．They can cause air pollution. B．They can be carried long distances by the wind. C．They can be harmful to human health. D．They can spread to areas with no plastic production. 27．What is the best title for the text? A．The Damage of Plastics to the Oceans B．The Sources of Plastic Waste C．Microplastics in the Air D．The Effects of Microplastics on Human Health Passage 2 （24-25高二下·广东深圳·期中）If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars, we would go in darkness happily, the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal (夜间活动) species on this planet. Instead, we are diurnal creatures, with eyes adapted to living in the sun’s light. This is a basic evolutionary fact, even though most of us don’t think of ourselves as diurnal beings. Yet it’s the only way to explain what we’ve done to the night: We’ve engineered it to receive us by filling it with light. The benefits of this kind of engineering come with consequences, called light pollution, whose effects scientists are only now beginning to study. Light pollution is largely the result of bad lighting design, which allows artificial light to shine outward and upward into the sky. Poorly designed lighting washes out the darkness of night and completely changes the light levels — and light rhythms — to which many forms of life, including ourselves, have adapted. Wherever human light spills into the natural world, some aspect of life is affected. Among mammals alone, the number of nocturnal species is astonishing. Light is a powerful biological force, and on many species it acts as a magnet. The effect is so powerful that, for example, migrating at night, birds tend to collide with brightly lit tall buildings. And frogs living near brightly lit highways suffer nocturnal light levels that are as much as a million times brighter than normal, throwing nearly every aspect of their behavior out of joint, including their nighttime breeding choruses. Living in a glare of our own making, we have cut ourselves off from our evolutionary and cultural heritage, the light of the stars and the rhythms of day and night. In a very real sense, light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe, to forget the scale of our being. 28．According to the passage, human beings ______. A．prefer to live in the darkness B．are used to living in the day light C．were curious about the midnight world D．had to stay at home with the light of the moon 29．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 most probably refer to? A．The night. B．The moon. C．The sky D．The planet. 30．The writer mentions birds and frogs to ______. A．provide examples of animal protection B．show how light pollution affects animals C．compare the living habits of both species D．explain why the number of certain species has declined 31．What might be the best title for the passage? A．The Magic Light B．The Orange Haze C．The Disappearing Night D．The Rhythms of Nature / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与社会 —— 文化传播与社会发展 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·广东·期中）After Taylor Swift, the “Mona Lisa” is probably the most recognizable female face in the world. Every day around 20,000 people stare at the Leonardo da Vinci’s painting in the Louvre. Yet it became famous not because of a tempting semi-smile. Until a worker stole the masterpiece in 1911, it was still mostly unknown; viewers flooded in to see what a French newspaper called “an enormous, horrific, gaping void (空白)”. Classics of art, literature and music are supposed to carry some mysterious appeal that endures across the ages. But as Rochelle Gurstein, a historian, writes in a new book, the “timeless classic” is anything but. “What I believed was written in stone was actually written in water”, she argues. Classics come and go. Take other celebrated works of art. Until the end of the 19th century Michelangelo’ s “David” had only his fig leaf to protect him from the weather in Piazza della Signoria in Florence. He attracted more pigeons than visitors; visitors preferred the artist’s sculpture of Moses in Rome. Before the famous “Venus de Milo” was discovered in 1820, viewers were crazy about “Venus de Medici”, a delicate sculpture most people alive today have never heard of. Much as in art, the classics of music and literature have not always been set in stone either. Today, Johann Sebastjan Bach is often regarded as the master of classical music. But after his death in 1750, Bach’s compositions fell out of fashion until Felix Mendelssohn, a German composer, rediscovered them in the 1820s. Herman Melville’s masterpiece “Moby Dick” was largely forgotten until critics such as Raymond Weaver, a professor at Columbia University rescued him from the depth of a nobody around the centenary of his birth in 1919. “The status of classics” depends on critics and shows the power of passionate writers to change the way people look at art. Tastes evolve, and they should. But culture lives on only as long as people continue to argue over what counts as a classic today. The true enemy of the classic is not relativism or awakening. It is silence. 1．What made the painting “Mona Lisa” famous? A．The painter. B．The theft. C．The report. D．The semi-smile. 2．What does Rochelle think of classics? A．Changeable. B．Fading. C．Enduring. D．Admirable. 3．How does the author use the examples of Bach and “Moby Dick” to support the main argument? A．To prove that true classics never lose their value over time. B．To suggest that only music and literature can become timeless. C．To argue that modern audiences have better taste than past ones. D．To show that forgotten works can regain fame through critical reevaluation. 4．What might ultimately discourage the development of classics? A．The ignorance of culture. B．The course of time. C．The lack of criticism. D．The evolution of tastes. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了经典作品的形成过程，并举例说明。最终得出结论，经典作品是要经过时间和人们的考验的，最终才能成为经典。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Yet it became famous not because of a tempting semi-smile. Until a worker stole the masterpiece in 1911, it was still mostly unknown; viewers flooded in to see what a French newspaper called “an enormous, horrific, gaping void (空白)”. (然而，它之所以出名，并不是因为一个诱人的半笑。直到1911年一名工人偷走了这幅杰作，它基本上仍然不为人知；观众蜂拥而至，看到一家法国报纸所说的“一个巨大的、可怕的、裂开的空洞”。)”可知，让《蒙娜丽莎》这幅画出名的是一次工人偷窃事件。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“But as Rochelle Gurstein, a historian, writes in a new book, the “timeless classic” is anything but. “What I believed was written in stone was actually written in water”, she argues. Classics come and go. (但正如历史学家罗谢尔•格斯坦在一本新书中所写的那样，“永恒的经典”绝非如此。“我相信写在石头上的东西实际上是写在水里的，”她说。经典作品来来去去。)”可知，罗谢尔认为经典作品是多变的。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Today, Johann Sebastjan Bach is often regarded as the master of classical music. But after his death in 1750, Bach’s compositions fell out of fashion until Felix Mendelssohn, a German composer, rediscovered them in the 1820s. Herman Melville’s masterpiece “Moby Dick” was largely forgotten until critics such as Raymond Weaver, a professor at Columbia University rescued him from the depth of a nobody around the centenary of his birth in 1919. (今天，约翰·塞巴斯蒂安·巴赫通常被认为是古典音乐大师。但在他1750年去世后，巴赫的作品就不再流行了，直到德国作曲家菲利克斯·门德尔松在19世纪20年代重新发现了它们。赫尔曼·梅尔维尔的代表作《白鲸记》几乎被人遗忘，直到哥伦比亚大学教授雷蒙德·韦弗等评论家在他1919年诞辰100周年前后将他从无名小卒的困境中拯救出来。)”可推知这些例子证明，被遗忘的作品可通过“批判性重新评估” 重获声誉，呼应“经典地位依赖批评家”的核心论点。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段““The status of classics” depends on critics and shows the power of passionate writers to change the way people look at art. Tastes evolve, and they should. But culture lives on only as long as people continue to argue over what counts as a classic today. The true enemy of the classic is not relativism or awakening. It is silence. (“经典的地位”取决于评论家，并显示了热情的作家改变人们看待艺术的方式的力量。品味在进化，也应该如此。但是，只要人们继续争论什么是今天的经典，文化就会继续存在。经典的真正敌人不是相对主义或觉醒。它是沉默。)”可知，缺乏批评可能最终阻碍经典的发展。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25高二下·广东茂名·期中）Premiered (首映) on January 29, 2025, the animated film Ne Zha 2 has taken the world by storm, earning over 10 billion yuan as of February 13, 2025. Directed by Jiaozi, it continues the story of Ne Zha and Ao Bing. After surviving a great disaster, Ne Zha and Ao Bing lost their physical bodies. Their souls were saved by Taiyi Zhenren with a magical seven — colored lotus. But their souls began to disappear again, so Taiyi Zhenren had to rebuild their bodies with limited materials. The film shows remarkable character growth. Ne Zha, once rebellious (叛逆的), learns to care for his friends and understand himself.  Ao Bing, who used to have personal troubles, becomes a brave warrior. Visually, Ne Zha 2 is a feast for the eyes. It features thrilling scenes like flowing lava and terrifying sea monsters at the beginning. Later, it takes the audience to Kunlun Mountain, a magical place full of colorful landscapes and fairy — like creatures. The final battle is unforgettable, with characters using amazing weapons. Beyond the action, Ne Zha 2 conveys important life lessons. It encourages people to be brave in the face of difficulties, fight for what is right, and value friendship. The film has not only broken box office records but also received high praise, with a rating of 8.6/10 on major review platforms. 5．What does the underlined word “feast” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．A pleasant sight. B．A difficult task. C．A large meal. D．A big problem. 6．What can we infer from the text? A．Ne Zha 2 is the first film to feature Ne Zha and Ao Bing. B．The film’s success lies only in its stunning visual effects. C．The film has no influence on the animation industry. D．The characters in the film have obvious growth and changes. 7．According to the text, which of the following is TRUE about Ne Zha 2? A．It was released on January 28, 2025. B．It earned over 10 billion yuan in its first week. C．It has an 8.6 out of 10 rating on leading review platforms. D．It has become the second highest — earning film globally. 8．What is the author’s purpose of writing the film review? A．To introduce the director of Ne Zha 2. B．To introduce the box office of Ne Zha 2. C．To introduce the visual effects of Ne Zha 2. D．To introduce the success and main content of Ne Zha 2. 【答案】5．A 6．D 7．C 8．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了2025年1月29日首映的动画电影《哪吒2》的成功，包括票房、评分，还讲述了电影的主要内容、角色成长和视觉效果等。 5．词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Visually, Ne Zha 2 is a feast for the eyes. It features thrilling scenes like flowing lava and terrifying sea monsters at the beginning. Later, it takes the audience to Kunlun Mountain, a magical place full of colorful landscapes and fairy — like creatures. The final battle is unforgettable, with characters using amazing weapons.(从视觉上看，《哪吒2》是一场视觉feast。影片开头有流动的熔岩和可怕的海怪等惊险场景。随后，它将观众带到昆仑山，一个充满多彩风景和仙子般生物的神奇地方。最后的战斗令人难忘，角色们使用着惊人的武器)”可知，电影呈现出很多令人惊叹的画面，所以“a feast for the eyes”指的是视觉盛宴，feast的意思是“令人愉悦的景象”，与“A pleasant sight”同义。故选A项。 6．推理判断题。根据第三段“The film shows remarkable character growth. Ne Zha, once rebellious (叛逆的), learns to care for his friends and understand himself. Ao Bing, who used to have personal troubles, becomes a brave warrior.(这部电影展现了显著的角色成长。曾经叛逆的哪吒学会了关心朋友并了解自己。曾经有个人困扰的敖丙成为了一名勇敢的战士)”可知，电影中的角色有明显的成长和变化。故选D项。 7．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The film has not only broken box office records but also received high praise, with a rating of 8.6/10 on major review platforms(这部电影不仅打破了票房纪录，还获得了高度评价，在主要影评平台上的评分为8.6分(满分10分))”可知，《哪吒2》在主要影评平台上的评分为8.6分（满分10分），故C项“It has an 8.6 out of 10 rating on leading review platforms.(它在主要评论平台上的评分为8.6分（满分为10分）)”是正确表述。故选C项。 8．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中的“Premiered (首映) on January 29, 2025, the animated film Ne Zha 2 has taken the world by storm, earning over 10 billion yuan as of February 13, 2025.(2025年1月29日首映的动画电影《哪吒2》轰动了世界，截至2025年2月13日， 票房收入超过100亿元)”、第三段中的“The film shows remarkable character growth.(这部电影展现了显著的人物成长)”、第四段中的“Visually, Ne Zha 2 is a feast for the eyes.(从视觉上看，《哪吒2》是一场视觉盛宴)”等内容可知，文章介绍了电影《哪吒2》的成功，同时讲述了电影中哪吒和敖丙的故事、角色成长以及视觉效果等主要内容。所以作者写这篇影评的目的是介绍《哪吒2》的成功和主要内容。故选D项。 Passage 3 （24-25高二下·广东深圳·期中）Operation Overlord, the Allied campaign to liberate Europe and defeat the Nazis, has long been memorialized in Hollywood films like Saving Private Ryan. By August 1944, over two million soldiers had landed in northern France to fight the Germans. Their story is well-known. Much less well-known is the crucial role hundreds of thousands of women from all walks of life played in this epic military mission. 29-year-old Welsh nurse Iris Bower was one of the first British women to arrive in Normandy after the D-Day landings in June 1944. She faced down hostility before she’d even reached the beaches. “We don’t want any bloody women in this outfit,” one of the soldiers told her. But with the biggest invasion in history underway, women like Iris were vital to Allied victory. Not discouraged by male opponents, Iris was one of the two women from the Princess May’s Royal Air Force Nursing Service who crossed the Channel five days after the invasion began. Supplies were basic, sleeping in trenches (战壕), washing from a bucket (水桶), bombs exploding overhead. The nursing sisters worked tirelessly in a temporary field hospital, where over 1,000 wounded soldiers were treated in under a week. Back in Britain, 18-year-old Ruth Bourne was fighting the same war as Iris and the men on the beaches but from a north London outstation, part of the Bletchley Park code-breaking center. Ruth operated the giant, noisy machines used to break the German Enigma codes. In June 1944, her workload was particularly heavy. Thousands of women there translated and processed these coded enemy messages, yielding crucial intelligence for the army fighting across France. There were also other women found themselves far nearer the action. They operated radar, height finders, predictors and cutting-edge technology to plot the course of enemy aircraft. 9．Why does the author mention the film Saving Private Ryan? A．To show millions of people died in the war. B．To show there are many inspiring war films. C．To show D-Day Landings have raised people’s interest. D．To show men’s contribution in war is widely-recognized. 10．What was the soldier’s attitude towards Iris Bower before she arrived in Normandy? A．Respectful and welcoming B．Indifferent and uninterested C．Unfriendly and dismissive D．Grateful and admiring 11．What does the author want to stress in paragraph 3? A．The initial resistance from male colleagues. B．The timely treatment to the wounded soldiers. C．The support and encouragement from the military. D．The tough working conditions and heavy workload. 12．What was Ruth Bourne’s role during the war? A．She was a translator. B．She was a pilot. C．She was a code-breaker. D．She was a nurse. 【答案】9．D 10．C 11．D 12．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了1944年“霸王行动”中，超200万士兵登陆法国，而数万女性也发挥关键作用，如护士Iris和破译员Ruth等。 9．推理判断题。根据第一段“Operation Overlord, the Allied campaign to liberate Europe and defeat the Nazis, has long been memorialized in Hollywood films like Saving Private Ryan. By August 1944, over two million soldiers had landed in northern France to fight the Germans. Their story is well-known. Much less well-known is the crucial role hundreds of thousands of women from all walks of life played in this epic military mission.(“霸王行动”是盟军为解放欧洲并击败纳粹而展开的战役，这一行动长期以来在好莱坞电影中得到了生动的呈现，比如《拯救大兵瑞恩》。到 1944 年 8 月，已有超过 200 万士兵在法国北部登陆，与德军展开战斗。他们的事迹广为人知。但鲜为人知的是，成千上万来自各行各业的女性在这场史诗般的军事行动中发挥了至关重要的作用)”可知，作者提及电影《拯救大兵瑞恩》是为了表明在战争中男性的贡献得到了广泛认可。故选D。 10．推理判断题。根据第二段“29-year-old Welsh nurse Iris Bower was one of the first British women to arrive in Normandy after the D-Day landings in June 1944. She faced down hostility before she’d even reached the beaches. “We don’t want any bloody women in this outfit,” one of the soldiers told her.(29 岁的威尔士护士艾丽斯・鲍尔是 1944 年 6 月诺曼底登陆后首批抵达诺曼底的英国女性之一。甚至在还没到达海滩之前，她就遭遇了敌意。“我们这支队伍里不要该死的女人，” 一名士兵这样对她说。)”可知，在伊丽莎白·鲍尔抵达诺曼底之前，这名士兵对她不友好且不屑一顾。故选C。 11．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Not discouraged by male opponents, Iris was one of the two women from the Princess May’s Royal Air Force Nursing Service who crossed the Channel five days after the invasion began. Supplies were basic, sleeping in trenches (战壕), washing from a bucket (水桶), bombs exploding overhead. The nursing sisters worked tirelessly in a temporary field hospital, where over 1,000 wounded soldiers were treated in under a week.(伊丽莎白并未因男性对手的阻挠而气馁，她在入侵开始五天后便与另一位来自“梅公主皇家空军护理服务队”的女性一起渡过了英吉利海峡。当时物资匮乏，她们睡在战壕里，用水桶打水洗澡，头顶还时不时有炸弹爆炸的声音。这两位护理姐妹在临时搭建的野战医院里不知疲倦地工作着，在不到一周的时间里为超过 1000 名受伤士兵进行了治疗)”可知，作者在第三段想要强调的是艰苦的工作条件和繁重的工作任务。故选D。 12．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Ruth operated the giant, noisy machines used to break the German Enigma codes.(鲁斯操作着那些巨大的、运转声嘈杂的机器，这些机器用于破解德国的恩格玛密码)”可知，鲁斯·伯恩在战争期间担任一名密码破译员。故选C。 主题02 人与自我 —— 自我感知与心灵成长 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·广东佛山·期中）Imagine you’ve planned a wonderful trip for your family. But rather than being excited, your kids complain about missing an after-school club meeting at a neighbor’s house. Missing the event causes such intense FOMO (fear of missing out) that they don’t want to go on your amazing trip. If this kind of situation sounds familiar, you’re not alone. A recent study finds that FOMO often arises when people miss events with meaningful social connections. It’s not about the dinner or the food — it’s about missing the chance to connect with people who matter to you. Being left out can make you feel disconnected, even worried about losing your status(地位) in the group. Researchers conducted a series of experiments to find simple ways to reduce FOMO. In one experiment, 788 participants were asked to look through their social media until they saw a post of a missed social event. The researchers asked half of these participants to immediately describe how much FOMO they were feeling. The rest followed the same steps, except that before expressing how much FOMO they were feeling, they were asked to think back to a previous experience socializing with their friends. Encouragingly, there was a significant drop in the level of FOMO they reported. Therefore, missing out on social bonding experiences doesn’t have to be anxiety-provoking. In fact, in our activity-packed lives, missing some “must-attend” events may be a welcome relief — especially if you remind yourself that your place with your friends is safe, which has led to a recent wave called JOMO, or “Joy of Missing Out”. According to Stuart Smalley, the self-help expert of a 1990s TV show “Saturday Night Live”, reminding yourself that “I’m good enough, I’m smart enough and people like me!” might be just the trick to lessen FOMO. 13．What may cause FOMO according to the study? A．The absence from fun activities. B．The missing of social connections. C．The change of planned events. D．The misunderstanding of parents. 14．What helps to reduce FOMO in the experiment? A．Reducing time on social media. B．Raising status in the society. C．Recalling moments with friends. D．Describing the level of FOMO. 15．Why does the author mention Stuart Smalley in the last paragraph? A．To offer a way to reduce FOMO. B．To introduce a famous TV show. C．To explain the origin of the concept. D．To show the comments on FOMO. 【答案】13．B 14．C 15．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了错失恐惧症（FOMO）的成因及其对社交联系的影响，并通过实验发现回忆积极社交经历可以有效减轻FOMO。同时，文章提出了“错过带来的快乐”（JOMO）这一新概念。 13．细节理解题。根据第二段“A recent study finds that FOMO often arises when people miss events with meaningful social connections. (最近的一项研究发现，当人们错过具有重要社交联系的活动时，往往会感到错失恐惧症。)”可知，没能参加自己的社交圈举办的联系活动可能会导致错失恐惧症。故选B项。 14．细节理解题。根据第三段“The rest followed the same steps, except that before expressing how much FOMO they were feeling, they were asked to think back to a previous experience socializing with their friends. Encouragingly, there was a significant drop in the level of FOMO they reported. (其余的人也按照相同的步骤操作，但在表达他们感受到的错失恐惧症之前，他们被要求回忆一次与朋友社交的经历。令人鼓舞的是，他们在报告的错失恐惧症水平上出现了显著下降。)”可知，让错过社交活动的人回忆和朋友共同度过的时光会降低错失恐惧症的程度。故选C项。 15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“According to Stuart Smalley, the self-help expert of a 1990s TV show “Saturday Night Live”, reminding yourself that “I’m good enough, I’m smart enough and people like me!” might be just the trick to lessen FOMO. (根据20世纪90年代电视剧《周六夜现场》中的自助专家斯图尔特·斯莫利的说法，提醒自己“我足够好，我足够聪明，人们喜欢我！”可能正是减轻错失恐惧症的诀。窍)”可知，本段提到Stuart Smalley的话是为了给出一个降低错失恐惧症的方法。故选A项。 Passage 2 （24-25高二下·广东佛山·期中）Few senses can transport us through time and space like our sense of smell. That characteristic smell of a place seems to contain its very essence. While photos may capture images, only smell has the power to truly bring back the feeling of being there. Today, smell-free environments have become an ideal to struggle for, leading us to pay less attention to smells than ever before. In doing so, however, we’re missing out on a number of benefits. Smell forms a key part of many of our most important experiences. For example, the emotional attachment and desire for your romantic partner depends on smell, to a surprising extent. So does your appetite. While the enjoyment of food and drink is often related to taste, it is primarily driven by our sense of smell. If you hold your nose while eating, you will notice how most flavours disappear. And while smell can bring back the past, it also gets you involved in the present. We’ve had a reminder of this recently because of the Covid-19 pandemic, which caused long-lasting damage to an estimated 30 million people’s sense of smell. We rarely think about how attending to smells can make us feel more alive, but those with smell loss report feeling alienated from reality, as if they are watching the world on a screen. This puts them at a high risk of becoming depressed. Fortunately, our ability to smell can be enhanced. Research has shown that being exposed to the smells of the forest, sea or earth after rain is particularly good for us. Scientists believe that enjoying the Japanese Shinrin-Yoku “forest bathing” can make participants more mindful and aware of the smells around them. Wherever we are, we can still get some benefits by practicising “smell-walking”. The smell-walk develops a sense of connectedness, making us realise that all places have their characteristic “smellscape” shaped by their unique nature, history and culture. It is always worth paying attention to your smellscape, because it likely shapes your thoughts, feelings and moods, whether you are aware of it or not. 16．What is a benefit of smell? A．It strengthens brain power. B．It improves visual perception. C．It enhances connection with the present. D．It determines the taste of food and drink. 17．What does the underlined word “alienated” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Constantly distracted. B．Emotionally distanced. C．Occasionally bothered. D．Culturally disconnected. 18．What does the passage suggest for improving our sense of smell? A．Engaging in smell-walking activities. B．Making exercise a daily routine. C．Creating smell-free environments. D．Avoiding exposure to bad smells. 19．Which is the best title for the text? A．Wanting vivid memories? Take a breath B．Preferring good flavors? Train your nose C．Needing a good environment? Clear the air D．Looking for a better life? Follow your nose 【答案】16．C 17．B 18．A 19．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了嗅觉的重要性，包括其对情感、食欲的影响，与当下的关联，以及提升嗅觉能力的方法等。 16．细节理解题。根据第四段首句“And while smell can bring back the past, it also gets you involved in the present. (嗅觉既能带回过去，也能让你融入当下)”可知，嗅觉的一个重要益处是增强与当下的连接。故选C项。 17．词义猜测题。根据第四段“We rarely think about how attending to smells can make us feel more alive, but those with smell loss report feeling alienated from reality, as if they are watching the world on a screen. (我们很少去思考关注气味如何能让我们感觉更有活力，但那些嗅觉丧失的人表示，他们感觉与现实alienated，仿佛在屏幕上观看世界一般)”可知，alienated表示与现实脱节，产生了疏离感，与Emotionally distanced均有“情感上与现实疏远”的意思，符合语境。故选B项。 18．细节理解题。根据第五段“Wherever we are, we can still get some benefits by practising ‘smell-walking’. (无论身处何处，我们都可以通过‘嗅觉漫步’活动获益)”可知，文章建议通过嗅觉漫步提升嗅觉能力。故选A项。 19．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Few senses can transport us through time and space like our sense of smell. That characteristic smell of a place seems to contain its very essence. While photos may capture images, only smell has the power to truly bring back the feeling of being there. (很少有感官能像我们的嗅觉一样，带我们穿越时空。一个地方的独特气味似乎蕴含着它的本质。虽然照片可以捕捉图像，但只有气味有能力真正唤起曾经身处那里的感觉)”引出下文，并结合全文内容可知，文章围绕嗅觉的重要性展开，强调其对情感、当下体验和生活质量的影响，并建议通过关注嗅觉改善生活。选项D“寻找更好的生活？跟随你的嗅觉”既点明主题，又用设问引发思考，最适合作为标题。故选D项。 主题03 人与自然 —— 生态保护与自然共生 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·广东茂名·期中）Air pollution is among the biggest threats against humans, which causes seven million early deaths a year. To fight this problem, four friends put their heads together and designed CityTree, which is a mobile structure that can capture as many pollutants as a forest made up of 275 trees. What makes the ‘tree’ special is that it’s not a regular tree at all; it is made up of moss cultures(苔藓培养物) that do a great job of absorption. “Moss cultures have a much larger surface than any other plant,” Zhengliang Wu, co-founder of Green City Solutions, explained to CNN. “That means we can capture more pollutants.” The entire ‘tree’ sustains itself using solar panels that generate electricity so that it can collect rainwater itself. To monitor the health of the moss, the CityTree has sensors which measure temperature and water quality. Now, about 20 CityTrees can be found in major cities like Oslo, and Paris. The team also has plans to introduce the CityTree to cities in lower-income countries, which may have worse air pollution. However, Gary Fuller, an expert on air pollution, thinks that the concept of an urban air purifier might be too ambitious. “Even if you had a perfect air cleaner, getting the surrounding air in contact with it is really hard,” he said. Pollution made by cars, for example, spreads upwards a few kilometers into the air. “Efforts would be better put into stopping the pollution from forming in the first place,” he added. In response, the CityTree inventors say that they are aware of this and choose the location of each CityTree carefully. They are also testing a system to create their own air flow that draws the pollution to the “tree”. 20．How does the CityTree sustain itself according to the passage? A．By absorbing pollutants from nearby factories. B．Using wind turbines to power its systems. C．By relying on regular tree photosynthesis. D．Through solar panels that produce electricity and gather rainwater. 21．What is Gary Fuller’s attitude to the CityTree? A．Doubtful. B．Intolerant. C．Worried. D．Unclear. 22．What can be inferred from Gary Fuller’s comments about the CityTree? A．He believes the CityTree is the best solution to air pollution. B．He thinks stopping pollution at its source is more effective than using air cleaners. C．He fully supports the widespread use of CityTrees in all cities. D．He claims the CityTree can easily purify air several kilometers above the ground. 23．What will the CityTree inventors probably do? A．Develop a new type of air cleaner. B．Make improvements to the structure. C．Redirect efforts to make greener cars. D．Expand their business in rich countries. 【答案】20．D 21．A 22．B 23．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“CityTree”这一创新发明，它是一种移动结构，能够像由275棵树组成的森林一样捕捉污染物，从而对抗空气污染问题。 20．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The entire‘tree’sustains itself using solar panels that generate electricity so that it can collect rainwater itself. To monitor the health of the moss, the CityTree has sensors which measure temperature and water quality.(整棵“树”通过太阳能板发电实现自给自足，还能自行收集雨水。为监测苔藓的健康状况，“城市树”配备了测量温度和水质的传感器)”可知，“城市树”通过太阳能板发电实现自给自足，并利用电力收集雨水。故选D。 21．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“However, Gary Fuller, an expert on air pollution, thinks that the concept of an urban air purifier might be too ambitious. “Even if you had a perfect air cleaner, getting the surrounding air in contact with it is really hard,” he said. Pollution made by cars, for example, spreads upwards a few kilometers into the air. “Efforts would be better put into stopping the pollution from forming in the first place,” he added.(然而，空气污染专家Gary Fuller认为，城市空气净化器的概念或许过于理想化。“即便有一台完美的空气净化器，让周围空气与其充分接触也非常困难，”他说，“例如，汽车排放的污染物会向上扩散至数公里的高空。”他补充道：“更有效的做法是从源头遏制污染的产生。”)”可知，空气污染专家 Gary Fuller 认为城市空气净化器的概念过于理想化，并指出即使有完美的净化器，让周围空气与其接触也很困难，更强调应从源头遏制污染。这些表述体现了他对 CityTree 实际效果的怀疑。故选A。 22．推理判断题。根据文章第四段““Even if you had a perfect air cleaner, getting the surrounding air in contact with it is really hard,”he said. Pollution made by cars, for example, spreads upwards a few kilometers into the air. “Efforts would be better put into stopping the pollution from forming in the first place,” he added.(“即便有一台完美的空气净化器，让周围空气与其充分接触也非常困难，”他说，“例如，汽车排放的污染物会向上扩散至数公里的高空。”他补充道：“更有效的做法是从源头遏制污染的产生。”)”可知，他认为相比使用空气净化器，从源头遏制污染更为有效。故选B。 23．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“In response, the CityTree inventors say that they are aware of this and choose the location of each CityTree carefully. They are also testing a system to create their own air flow that draws the pollution to the“tree”.(对此，“城市树”的发明者表示，他们已意识到这一点，并会谨慎选择每棵“城市树”的安放位置。团队还在测试一种系统，通过制造气流将污染物吸引至“树”旁)”可知，“城市树”的发明者意识到Gary Fuller提出的问题，并已开始谨慎选择安放位置，同时测试产生气流的系统。这些举措表明他们在对现有结构进行改进，以优化污染物吸附效果。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25高二下·广东茂名·期中）Premiered (首映) on January 29, 2025, the animated film Ne Zha 2 has taken the world by storm, earning over 10 billion yuan as of February 13, 2025. Directed by Jiaozi, it continues the story of Ne Zha and Ao Bing. After surviving a great disaster, Ne Zha and Ao Bing lost their physical bodies. Their souls were saved by Taiyi Zhenren with a magical seven — colored lotus. But their souls began to disappear again, so Taiyi Zhenren had to rebuild their bodies with limited materials. The film shows remarkable character growth. Ne Zha, once rebellious (叛逆的), learns to care for his friends and understand himself. Ao Bing, who used to have personal troubles, becomes a brave warrior. Visually, Ne Zha 2 is a feast for the eyes. It features thrilling scenes like flowing lava and terrifying sea monsters at the beginning. Later, it takes the audience to Kunlun Mountain, a magical place full of colorful landscapes and fairy — like creatures. The final battle is unforgettable, with characters using amazing weapons. Beyond the action, Ne Zha 2 conveys important life lessons. It encourages people to be brave in the face of difficulties, fight for what is right, and value friendship. The film has not only broken box office records but also received high praise, with a rating of 8.6/10 on major review platforms, 28．What does the underlined word “feast” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．A pleasant sight. B．A difficult task. C．A large meal. D．A big problem. 29．What can we infer from the text? A．Ne Zha 2 is the first film to feature Ne Zha and Ao Bing. B．The film’s success lies only in its stunning visual effects. C．The film has no influence on the animation industry. D．The characters in the film have obvious growth and changes. 30．According to the text, which of the following is TRUE about Ne Zha 2? A．It was released on January 28, 2025. B．It earned over 10 billion yuan in its first week. C．It has an 8.6 out of 10 rating on leading review platforms. D．It has become the second highest — carning film globally. 31．What is the author’s purpose of writing the film review? A．To introduce the director of Ne Zha 2. B．To introduce the box office of Ne Zha 2. C．To introduce the visual effects of Ne Zha 2. D．To introduce the success and main content of Ne Zha 2. 【答案】28．A 29．D 30．C 31．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了2025年1月29日首映的动画电影《哪吒2》的成功，包括票房、评分，还讲述了电影的主要内容、角色成长和视觉效果等。 28．词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Visually, Ne Zha 2 is a feast for the eyes. It features thrilling scenes like flowing lava and terrifying sea monsters at the beginning. Later, it takes the audience to Kunlun Mountain, a magical place full of colorful landscapes and fairy — like creatures. The final battle is unforgettable, with characters using amazing weapons.(从视觉上看，《哪吒2》是一场视觉……。影片开头有流动的熔岩和可怕的海怪等惊险场景。随后，它将观众带到昆仑山，一个充满多彩风景和仙子般生物的神奇地方。最后的战斗令人难忘，角色们使用着惊人的武器)”可知，电影呈现出很多令人惊叹的画面，所以“a feast for the eyes”指的是视觉盛宴，feast的意思是“令人愉悦的景象”，与“A pleasant sight”同义。故选A项。 29．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The film shows remarkable character growth. Ne Zha, once rebellious (叛逆的), learns to care for his friends and understand himself. Ao Bing, who used to have personal troubles, becomes a brave warrior.(这部电影展现了显著的角色成长。曾经叛逆的哪吒学会了关心朋友并了解自己。曾经有个人困扰的敖丙成为了一名勇敢的战士)”可知，电影中的角色有明显的成长和变化。故选D项。 30．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The film has not only broken box office records but also received high praise, with a rating of 8.6/10 on major review platforms(这部电影不仅打破了票房纪录，还获得了高度评价，在主要影评平台上的评分为8.6分(满分10分))”可知，《哪吒2》在主要影评平台上的评分为8.6分(满分10分)，故C项“It has an 8.6 out of 10 rating on leading review platforms.”是正确表述。故选C项。 31．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段“Premiered (首映) on January 29, 2025, the animated film Ne Zha 2 has taken the world by storm, earning over 10 billion yuan as of February 13, 2025.(2025年1月29日首映的动画电影《哪吒2》轰动了世界，截至2025年2月13日，票房收入超过100亿元)”、第三段中“The film shows remarkable character growth.(这部电影展现了显著的人物成长)”、第四段中“Visually, Ne Zha 2 is a feast for the eyes.(从视觉上看，《哪吒2》是一场视觉盛宴)”等内容可知，文章介绍了电影《哪吒2》的成功，同时讲述了电影中哪吒和敖丙的故事、角色成长以及视觉效果等主要内容。所以作者写这篇影评的目的是介绍《哪吒2》的成功和主要内容。故选D项。 Passage 3 （24-25高二下·广东佛山·期中）For the first time in U.S history, scientists launched an emergency effort this week to rescue critically endangered smalltooth sawfish, which are succumbing (屈服) rapidly to the mysterious fish ailment (疾病) ravaging the Florida Keys. As of early April, 30 sawfish (锯鳐) have died, all of them older teenagers or adults, ranging from 7 to 14 feet in length. There are likely only about 650 breeding females living in Florida, one of only two remaining wild populations left due to overfishing and loss of habitat throughout the Atlantic. “This level of mortality on an endangered species is unprecedented. And therefore, to some degree, this is an unprecedented response,” says Adam Brame, sawfish recovery coordinator for NOAA (国家海洋和大气局) Fisheries, one of the government agencies working with a network of private aquariums and nonprofits to capture the fish and bring them into captivity. A type of ray, the smalltooth sawfish has a flattened body with a large tooth-studded saw, or rostrum. They slash their saw side to side to stir up critters in the seafloor and stun fish, and use it to defend themselves against predators such as sharks. “It looks like a hedge trimmer (树篱修剪器) on the front, a stingray in the middle and a shark on the back end,” says Brame. “If you put those three things together and have a little cauldron, then poof, out pops a sawfish.” The smalltooth sawfish, which can live 30 years, is also notable for being the first marine fish to receive federal protection under the Endangered Species Act, in 2003. Conservation efforts had been slowly building the sawfish population back up — until now. “The entire U.S. population depends on Florida, which is a lifeboat population,” says Yannis Papastamatiou, a marine biologist and shark expert at Florida International University who is not involved in the rescue initiative. That’s why, he says, such an urgent response is so crucial. “To suddenly start losing all of these animals could be potentially catastrophic and could potentially turn back decades of conservation.” Since November 2023, a total of 57 fish species in Florida have displayed the spinning behavior, caused by an unknown culprit that is under investigation. 32．What feature can allow sawfish to stun fish? A．Their flattened body shape. B．Their tooth-studded saw or rostrum. C．Their ability to slash their saw side to side. D．Their defense mechanisms against predators. 33．What does the underline sentence suggest? A．The sawfish has a special survival technique. B．The sawfish’s saw is primarily used for hunting. C．The high mortality rate requires an extraordinary conservation effort. D．The government is working with other organizations to save the sawfish. 34．The phrase “unknown culprit” is used to refer to . A．A new fish species B．A person causing harm C．The reason for the spinning behavior D．A fishing method 35．Choose the best title for passage: . A．The Unique Habitats of the Elusive Smalltooth Sawfish B．The Plunge & deliver of the Vulnerable Smalltooth Sawfish C．Florida: The Key to Saving the Smalltooth Sawfish D．The Secret Reasons for the Smalltooth Sawfish’s Decline 【答案】32．B 33．C 34．C 35．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国科学家紧急救援濒危小齿锯鳐的情况，包括锯鳐现状、特征等，强调了此次救援的紧迫性。 32．细节理解题。根据第四段中“A type of ray, the smalltooth sawfish has a flattened body with a large tooth-studded saw, or rostrum. They slash their saw side to side to stir up critters in the seafloor and stun fish, and use it to defend themselves against predators such as sharks. (小齿锯鳐是鳐鱼的一种，它有一个扁平的身体，上面有一个巨大的镶齿锯或喙。它们左右挥动锯齿状的喙来搅动海底的生物并击晕鱼类，还用它来抵御鲨鱼等捕食者)”可知，小齿锯鳐用来击晕鱼类的是它们带齿的锯状喙。故选B项。 33．推理判断题。根据第三段中划线句“This level of mortality on an endangered species is unprecedented. And therefore, to some degree, this is an unprecedented response (这种濒危物种的死亡率是前所未有的。因此，在某种程度上，这是一种前所未有的应对措施)”和倒数第二段中划线句“To suddenly start losing all of these animals could be potentially catastrophic and could potentially turn back decades of conservation.(突然开始失去所有这些动物可能是灾难性的，可能会使几十年的保护倒退)”可知，这种濒危物种的死亡率是前所未有的，突然失去所有这些动物的后果很严重，因此，应对这种高死亡率就需要特别的保护措施。故选C项。 34．词句猜测题。根据划线短语所在句“Since November 2023, a total of 57 fish species in Florida have displayed the spinning behavior, caused by an unknown culprit that is under investigation. (自2023年11月以来，佛罗里达州共有57种鱼类出现了旋转行为，这是由一个正在调查中的未知因素导致的)”中“that is under investigation”可知，正在调查的是“鱼类出现旋转行为的原因”，所以unknown culprit指的是C项“The reason for the spinning behavior”。故选C项。 35．主旨大意题。根据第二段“As of early April, 30 sawfish (锯鳐) have died, all of them older teenagers or adults, ranging from 7 to 14 feet in length. There are likely only about 650 breeding females living in Florida, one of only two remaining wild populations left due to overfishing and loss of habitat throughout the Atlantic. (截至4月初，已有30条锯鳐死亡，它们都是青少年或成年锯鳐，体长从7英尺到14英尺不等。佛罗里达州可能只有大约650条可繁殖的雌性锯鳐，由于整个大西洋的过度捕捞和栖息地丧失，这是仅存的两个野生种群之一)”可知锯鳐数量骤减；又根据第三段“‘This level of mortality on an endangered species is unprecedented. And therefore, to some degree, this is an unprecedented response,’ says Adam Brame, sawfish recovery coordinator for NOAA (国家海洋和大气局) Fisheries, one of the government agencies working with a network of private aquariums and nonprofits to capture the fish and bring them into captivity. (美国国家海洋和大气管理局渔业部门的锯鳐恢复协调员亚当·布雷姆说：‘这种濒危物种的死亡率是前所未有的。因此，在某种程度上，这是一种前所未有的应对措施。’该部门是与私人水族馆网络和非营利组织合作捕捉锯鳐并将它们圈养起来的政府机构之一)”可知科学家们在拯救锯鳐。所以B选项“脆弱小齿锯鳐的骤减与拯救”能概括文章内容，适合做文章标题。故选B项。 Passage 4 （24-25高二下·广东深圳·期中）During the annual political meetings, environmental protection was definitely among the biggest concerns. Actually, it was also an issue that ancient Chinese paid great attention to. In fact, the world’s earliest environmental protection concept, ministry (部门) and laws were all born in China. So, what did the ancient Chinese do to protect the environment? In early ancient China, environmental protection was promoted to the political level. Xunzi, a famous thinker in Warring States Period, brought up the concept of managing state affairs through environmental protection. He stated in his book that vegetation (植被) should not be damaged at will. Guan Zhong, an official 400 years ahead of Xunzi, was also an environmental protection expert. During his term of office, he claimed that “a King who cannot protect his vegetation is not qualified to be a king”. According to a record in Qing dynasty, the environmental protection ministry in early ancient China was called “Yu” (虞), standing both for the institution and the official title. Although most functions were similar to such ministries today, the administration (管理) range of it was much larger, including the mountains, forests, rivers, lakes and so on. The nine ministries established by Shun, an ancient Chinese king, already included “Yu”, the environmental protection ministry. The first “Yu” official was a man called Boyi, who was indeed an environmental protection expert. He was a capable assistant to Dayu, an ancient Chinese water-control expert. He invented wells, protecting people’s drinking water from pollution. He knew a lot about animals and also called for animal protection. Environmental protection laws dated back to the ruling period of Dayu, which was more than 4,000 years ago. During his rule, he issued a ban, preventing people from cutting down wood in March or catching fish in June, the time when they were supposed to boom and the number of fish would grow. In Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period almost 3,000 years ago, “environmental protection laws” appeared in its true sense in Qin, which was recorded in Law of Fields and regarded as China’s earliest environmental protection laws. 36．Which statement would Xunzi probably agree with? A．People shouldn’t protect vegetation. B．Much attention should be paid to people’s drinking water. C．The king who failed to protect the environment should be removed. D．Running a country and environmental protection should be combined. 37．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The ministry of Yu. B．The modern ministry. C．The Qing dynasty. D．The official title. 38．Why couldn’t fish be caught in June during Dayu’s rule? A．Fish didn’t taste delicious in June. B．It was too hot to catch fish in June. C．Fish had a period of rapid growth in June. D．Fish-catching time had already passed in June. 39．Which is the best title of the passage? A．Dayu — a Great Environmental Protector B．How the Ancient Chinese Protect the Environment C．Famous Environmental Protection Experts in China D．Concept of the World’s Earliest Environmental Protection 【答案】36．D 37．A 38．C 39．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国古代对环保的重视以及各朝代政府设立环境保护部门来保护环境。 36．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Xunzi, a famous thinker in Warring States Period, brought up the concept of managing state affairs through environmental protection. He stated in his book that vegetation (植被) should not be damaged at will.(荀子是战国时期著名的思想家，他提出了通过环境保护来管理国家事务的概念。他在书中指出，植被不应被随意破坏。) ”可知，荀子认为治国应与环保相结合，植被不应被随意破坏。故选D。 37．词句猜测题。根据第三段划线代词前文的内容“According to a record in Qing dynasty, the environmental protection ministry in early ancient China was called “Yu”(虞), standing both for the institution and the official title. Although most functions were similar to such ministries today, the administration (管理) range of it was much larger, including the mountains, forests, rivers, lakes and so on.(据清代记载，中国古代早期的环保部称为“虞”，既代表机构，也代表官衔。虽然大多数职能类似于今天的部门，但其管理范围要大得多，包括山区、森林、河流、湖泊等。) ”可知，it指代上文被称为“虞”的环保部（The ministry of Yu）。故选A。 38．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“During his rule, he issued a ban, preventing people from cutting down wood in March or catching fish in June, the time when they were supposed to boom and the number of fish would grow.(在他执政期间，他颁布了一项禁令，禁止人们在3月份砍伐树木，或在6月份捕鱼， 6月份正是鱼类要发育的时候。) ”可知，大禹规定六月不能捕鱼是因为六月是鱼类快速生长的一段时期。故选C。 39．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“In fact, the world’s earliest environmental protection concept, ministry (部门) and laws were all born in China. So, what did the ancient Chinese do to protect the environment?(事实上，世界上最早的环保理念、部门和法律都诞生于中国。那么，古代中国人是如何保护环境的呢？)”和下文内容可知，文章介绍了中国古代对环保理念的重视以及各朝代政府设立环境保护部门和法律来保护环境。故B项“How the Ancient Chinese Protect the Environment(中国古代如何保护环境)”符合文意。故选B。 主题01 人与社会 —— 科技发展与文化传播 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·广东·期中）Every time AI drafts an e-mail or an image, the planet pays for it. Making two images can consume as much energy as charging a smartphone. By 2027, the global AI industry could annually consume as much electricity as the Netherlands. And a new study identifies another concern: generative AI applications alone could add 1.2million to five million tons of harmful trash to the planet by 2030. Such a contribution would add to the tens of millions of tons of electronic products the globe abandons annually. Cell phones, computers and other digital products often contain mercury (汞), lead or other poisons. When improperly disposed of, they can pollute air, water and soil. In 2022, about 78% of the world’s e-waste end up in landfills or at unofficial recycling sites, where laborers risk their health to clean up rare metals. The AI boom rapidly consumes data storage devices and high-performance components, which are usually replaced when new versions are available. To calculate the e-waste contribution, researchers examined hardware use, lifespan, and the industry’s growth rate. Their prediction is an estimate that could change based on various factors. This study’s biggest value comes from its attention to AI’s broad environmental impacts, says Shaolei Ren, a researcher at the University of California, Riverside. “We might want AI companies to slow down a bit,” he says. Few countries mandate (强制) the proper disposal of e-waste, and those that do often fail to carry out their existing laws on it. Twenty-five U. S. states have e-waste management policies, but there is no federal law that requires electronics recycling. Thankfully, some companies claim to be taking independent action. Microsoft and Google have committed to reaching net zero waste and net zero emissions respectively by2030. They have many options to limit e-waste. It’s possible to squeeze more life out of servers, for instance, through regular maintenance and updates or by shifting worn-out devices to less-intensive applications. These strategies are vital to reduce e-waste and benefit society, the study authors estimate. 1．What can be inferred from Paragraph 1? A．The Netherlands consumes too much electricity. B．The disadvantages of AI outweigh the advantages. C．AI’s energy-related issues largely result from image-making. D．The environmental footprint of AI is alarmingly extensive. 2．What is Shaolei Ren’s attitude toward the growth of AI companies? A．Indifferent. B．Cautious. C．Positive. D．Ambiguous. 3．What is the key to reducing e-waste? A．Adjusting AI application frequency. B．Prioritizing smartphone recycling. C．Banning the overuse of AI completely. D．Adopting device-lifespan-extending measures. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．AI May Worsen the E-waste Crisis. B．E-waste Calls for Proper Use of AI. C．E-waste Problems Mostly Blame on AI. D．AI and E-waste Always Go Hand in Hand. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了AI发展对环境（尤其是电子垃圾）的负面影响，并呼吁采取可持续措施。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Every time AI drafts an e-mail or an image, the planet pays for it. Making two images can consume as much energy as charging a smartphone. By 2027, the global AI industry could annually consume as much electricity as the Netherlands. And a new study identifies another concern: generative AI applications alone could add 1.2million to five million tons of harmful trash to the planet by 2030.(每次人工智能起草一封电子邮件或一张图片，地球都会为此付出代价。生成两张图片所消耗的能量与给智能手机充电一样多。到2027年，全球人工智能行业每年消耗的电量可能与荷兰一样多。一项新的研究发现了另一个问题：到2030年，仅生成性人工智能应用程序就可能给地球增加120万至500万吨有害垃圾。)”可知，人工智能的环境足迹是非常广泛且严重的。故选D项。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段“This study’s biggest value comes from its attention to AI’s broad environmental impacts, says Shaolei Ren, a researcher at the University of California, Riverside. “We might want AI companies to slow down a bit,” he says.(加州大学河滨分校的研究员任少雷表示，这项研究的最大价值在于它对人工智能广泛的环境影响的关注。他说：“我们可能希望人工智能公司放慢脚步。”)”可知，任少雷指出研究价值在于关注AI的广泛环境影响，并建议“AI公司可能应该放慢发展速度”，表明他对AI公司快速增长持谨慎态度。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“It’s possible to squeeze more life out of servers, for instance, through regular maintenance and updates or by shifting worn-out devices to less-intensive applications. These strategies are vital to reduce e-waste and benefit society, the study authors estimate.(例如，通过定期维护和更新，或者将磨损的设备转移到不那么密集的应用程序，可以延长服务器的使用寿命。该研究的作者估计，这些策略对于减少电子垃圾和造福社会至关重要。)”可知，减少电子废物的关键是采取延长设备寿命的措施。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段“And a new study identifies another concern: generative AI applications alone could add 1.2million to five million tons of harmful trash to the planet by 2030.(一项新的研究发现了另一个担忧：到2030年，仅生成式人工智能应用就可能给地球增加120万至500万吨有害垃圾。)”和倒数第二段“Few countries mandate(强制) the proper disposal of e-waste, and those that do often fail to carry out their existing laws on it.(很少有国家要求妥善处理电子垃圾，而那些要求妥善处理电子垃圾的国家也往往没有执行现有的相关法律。)”以及最后一段“Thankfully, some companies claim to be taking independent action.(值得庆幸的是，一些公司声称将采取独立行动。)”可知，全文围绕AI加剧电子垃圾问题展开，从能耗、硬件更替到法律缺失，最终提出延长设备寿命的解决方案，A项“人工智能可能加剧电子垃圾危机”能概括文章主旨，为最佳标题。故选A项。 Passage 2 （24-25高二下·广东广州·期中）“After 30 years of reading cardiograms (心电图), I can never tell whether it’s from a man or woman, or the age of the person,” said Eric Topol, a cardiologist from Scripps Research in La Jolla, California. “A machine can detect if a person has anaemia (贫血) or other difficult diagnoses (诊断).” Topol is excited not only about how machines are already better than experts at spotting problems, but how they can discover patterns that experts wouldn’t even notice. “In Japan, doctors are using machine vision to pick up polyps (息肉) in real time, and detecting whether or not they could be cancerous and whether they should have a biopsy (活组织检查),” he said. “Machines will not replace physicians — but physicians making use of AI will soon replace those not using it.” Still, these are early days for the application of AI in healthcare. Pearse Keane, a consultant doctor at Moorrelds Eye Hospital, has been leading a collaboration between Moor fields and Google’s Deep Mind Health. In 2018, he famously published a proof-of-concept paper in Nature showing the erst successful AI diagnosis for eye disease. “The algorithm that we’ve developed isn’t in clinical use at the minute, so we’re trying to implement this now,” Keane said. Keane mentioned the INSIGHT study, which is looking into eye disease and its link to other conditions such as diabetes (糖尿病). “We are using the eye as a window to the rest of the body. With deep learning, we can now look at a retinal (视网膜) photograph and say, ‘This is a woman, she’s 58 years old, she’s not a smoker or a diabetic, her BMI is around 25, and her blood pressure is around 150 over 85.’ Now, to me, that’s staggering (惊人的),” Keane said. The INSIGHT study is analysing more than three million OCT scans from around 300,000 patients. “We now know, for every person having had a retinal scan here, who’s gone on to develop a heart attack or diabetes,” he said. “The reason why we’re excited is that we think that if we can get the appropriate data sets and learn them deeply, we can find much more in the back of the eye about the health of the rest of the body.” “The application of AI for healthcare and medicine is about precision and accuracy, but that’s not all,” said Topol. The most important aspect is how AI can promote a stronger human connection between doctor and patient. “We see patients in single digit numbers of minutes. And that’s not enough, you need the gift of time, which AI can give back,” he said. “Next year this will be the standard,” he believes. “Rather than doctors being data clerks, they will be making eye contact with patients. There’s no algorithm (算法) for empathy (同理心). That’s a human characteristic that we have to develop and get back in the way it used to be.” 5．According to Topol, machines in healthcare ______. A．can pick up polyps B．will replace doctors C．are already better than experts D．can discover if a patient has diseases 6．In Paragraph 4, Keane mentioned a retinal photograph of a patient mainly to ______. A．evaluate the effects of AI in healthcare B．introduce a patient’s personal information C．explain how deep learning detects diseases D．show the present outcome of AI’s application 7．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A．AI has been the standard of some advanced hospitals. B．AI will not replace doctors though it is already better than experts at spotting problems. C．Doctors will spend more time on face-to-face communication with patients. D．With deep learning, the researchers can find the secrets of the eye. 8．What does this passage mainly talk about? A．The AI’s application on diagnosis. B．Successful AI diagnosis for eye disease. C．The great clinical progress in deep learning. D．The impact of AI on promoting human connection. 【答案】5．D 6．D 7．C 8．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了AI在医疗诊断中的广泛应用，包括疾病检测、深度学习分析视网膜数据等，并强调AI能提升诊断精度，同时让医生更专注于患者沟通。 5．细节理解题。根据第一段中Eric Topol所说的话“A machine can detect if a person has anaemia (贫血) or other difficult diagnoses (诊断). (机器可以检测一个人是否患有贫血或其他难以诊断的疾病)”可知，Topol认为医疗保健领域的机器可以发现病人是否患有疾病。故选D项。 6．推理判断题。根据第四段中Keane所说的话“We are using the eye as a window to the rest of the body. With deep learning, we can now look at a retinal (视网膜) photograph and say, ‘This is a woman, she’s 58 years old, she’s not a smoker or a diabetic, her BMI is around 25, and her blood pressure is around 150 over 85.’ Now, to me, that’s staggering (惊人的) (我们正将眼睛视为观察全身健康的窗口。通过深度学习技术，现在只需观察一张视网膜照片，就能判断出：“这是一位58岁的女性，她不吸烟也没有糖尿病，体重指数约为25，血压大约在150/85毫米汞柱。”在我看来，这简直令人惊叹)”可知，Keane通过视网膜照片表明AI能推断患者的性别、年龄、吸烟状况、体重指数等，其目的应该是说明AI目前的应用成果。故选D项。 7．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The most important aspect is how AI can promote a stronger human connection between doctor and patient. (人工智能在医疗健康领域的应用不仅关乎精准诊断，更重要的是它如何能促进医患之间更紧密的人文联系)”和“Rather than doctors being data clerks, they will be making eye contact with patients. There’s no algorithm (算法) for empathy (同理心). That’s a human characteristic that we have to develop and get back in the way it used to be. (医生将不再是数据记录员，而是能与患者进行眼神交流的医者。共情能力无法通过算法实现——这种人类特有的品质，正是我们需要重新培养并回归的传统医患关系核心)”可推知，AI能让医生减少数据处理时间，增加与患者面对面交流的时间。故选C项。 8．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段中“Still, these are early days for the application of AI in healthcare. (然而，人工智能在医疗领域的应用仍处于早期阶段)”和最后一段中“The application of AI for healthcare and medicine is about precision and accuracy, but that’s not all (人工智能在医疗健康领域的应用关乎精准与准确，但这并非全部)”可知，文章围绕AI在医疗诊断中的应用展开，从疾病检测、深度学习分析视网膜数据等角度展示了AI的能力和潜力，并强调AI能提升诊断精度，同时让医生更专注于患者沟通。故选A项。 Passage 3 （24-25高二下·广东·期中）In 2002, poet Michael Palma published a translation of Inferno by Dante (但丁), the first part of The Divine Comedy. This December, he released a translation of the full poem, even making adjustments to his original Inferno. “The rhythm or pattern of the poem seemed looser,” Palma said, so he revised it. For this new translation, Palma aimed to stick to Dante’s terza rima rhyme pattern. In the original, the first and third lines rhyme, and the second line sets up the rhyme for the next group. Here’s how Palma’s version of Canto 1 of Purgatorio starts: “Right now, my small boat of wisdom raises its sails, ready to sail through the dangerous waters and leave this rough sea behind.” Approaching the translation this way is challenging as one can’t focus on just three lines at a time. Many English translations use free poetry or a looser rhyme, which Palma admits can be good. But he believes not reproducing the rhymes means losing much of the poem’s sound and music. He also thinks it fails to show readers what Dante did. Palma isn’t the first to attempt this. So, what’s the value in another translation of The Divine Comedy? Joseph Luzzi, a literature professor, said translation is a form of autobiography, which has no fixed rules. Luzzi recently published his translation of Dante’s Vita Nuova, a less-known work. It portrays a young Dante’s experience. In these works, themes like love, the exploration of human nature, and the pursuit of self-improvement are noticeable. Translating his work keeps it alive, and its relevance is clear. We can learn from these translations and discussions that literature has the power to connect different times and cultures. It encourages us to think deeply, explore different ways of expression, and continuously improve our understanding and appreciation of the world. 9．Which of the following words best describes Palma’s translation of Dante’s Inferno? A．Imaginative. B．Faithful. C．Innovative. D．Complex. 10．What was the main difficulty Palma faced in his new translation? A．It was pattern-challenging. B．It was culture-bound. C．It was time-consuming. D．It was word-limited. 11．Which of the following statements is Luzzi most likely to agree with? A．Translation is not applicable to less-known works. B．Translation demands strict pattern. C．Translation changes outdated themes. D．Translation is a self-reflective act. 12．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To compare different translation methods of Dante’s works. B．To analyze the challenges of preserving poetic rhythm in translation. C．To highlight the cultural and timeless value of translating literature. D．To introduce two scholars’ contributions to Dantean studies. 【答案】9．B 10．A 11．D 12．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了诗人Michael Palma对但丁《神曲》的翻译，包括他翻译《地狱篇》的调整，新翻译中遵循的韵律模式及面临的挑战，还提及Joseph Luzzi对翻译的看法以及他对但丁《新生》的翻译，强调了文学翻译在连接不同时代和文化方面的作用。 9．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“This December, he released a translation of the full poem, even making adjustments to his original Inferno.(今年12月，他发布了这首诗的完整译本，甚至对他原来的《地狱篇》进行了调整。)”和第二段“For this new translation, Palma aimed to stick to Dante’s terza rima rhyme pattern.(在这次新的翻译中，帕尔马的目标是坚持但丁的三韵脚押韵模式。)”可知，帕尔马致力于忠实于原著，遵循但丁的三韵脚押韵模式。故选B。 10．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Approaching the translation this way is challenging as one can’t focus on just three lines at a time.(以这种方式进行翻译是很有挑战性的，因为一次不能只关注三行。)”可知，帕尔马在新翻译中面临的主要困难是押韵模式的挑战性。故选A。 11．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Joseph Luzzi, a literature professor, said translation is a form of autobiography, which has no fixed rules.(文学教授Joseph Luzzi说，翻译是一种自传的形式，没有固定的规则。)”可知，Luzzi认为翻译是一种自传的形式，即一种自我反思的行为。故选D。 12．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Approaching the translation this way is challenging as one can’t focus on just three lines at a time. Many English translations use free poetry or a looser rhyme, which Palma admits can be good. But he believes not reproducing the rhymes means losing much of the poem’s sound and music. He also thinks it fails to show readers what Dante did.(以这种方式进行翻译是具有挑战性的，因为一个人不能一次只关注三行。许多英文翻译使用自由的诗歌或更宽松的押韵，帕尔马承认这可能是好的。但他认为，不复制押韵意味着失去了诗歌的大部分声音和音乐。他还认为它没有向读者展示但丁做了什么。)”和第四段“So, what’s the value in another translation of The Divine Comedy? Joseph Luzzi, a literature professor, said translation is a form of autobiography, which has no fixed rules.(那么，另一个《神曲》译本的价值是什么呢？文学教授Joseph Luzzi说，翻译是一种自传，没有固定的规则。)”可知，本文主要讲述了诗人Michael Palma对但丁《神曲》的翻译，包括他翻译《地狱篇》的调整，新翻译中遵循的韵律模式及面临的挑战，还提及Joseph Luzzi对翻译的看法以及他对但丁《新生》的翻译，强调了文学翻译在连接不同时代和文化方面的作用，因此目的是突出文学翻译的文化价值和永恒价值。故选C。 主题02 人与自我 —— 健康管理与心灵成长 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·广东广州·期中）Active Cities — A Glimpse into Global Fitness Berlin: Sports City in Europe In the middle of Europe, there is Berlin, a city famous for its love of sports. With more than 2,500 sports clubs, Berlin has many things for people who like to exercise. People like to ride bikes in Berlin, and there are special paths for bikes on the city’s old streets. The city also has a big running race called the Berlin Marathon, where runners from all over the world come to join. Sydney: City of the Great Outdoors Far away across the ocean, in Australia, is Sydney, a city that loves being outside. There is a famous path called the Bondi to Coogee Coastal Walk where people like to run and walk. Water sports are very popular here, and many people enjoy surfing and kayaking. The beaches in Sydney are not just for lying in the sun; they are places where people exercise and have fun together. Tokyo: Old and New Ways to Stay Fit In Asia, Tokyo is a city that mixes old and new ways to stay healthy. There are many places to learn martial arts (武术), which shows that the city values discipline and being strong. Tokyo also has many modern ways to exercise, with lots of gyms and yoga places for people who cared about their health. New York: Always on the Move Adding to our list, New York City is a place where people are always moving. From people running along Reservoir Running Track or Bridle Path early in the morning in Central Park to yoga classes on rooftops at night, New York is full of activity. The city’s parks are full of people playing sports, from basketball to tai chi. New York’s way of staying fit is as different as the people who live there, with something for everyone. These cities show us that no matter where you are in the world, there are always ways to keep your body moving and stay healthy. 13．Who participates in the Berlin Marathon? A．Cycling enthusiasts. B．Professional athletes. C．Worldwide runners. D．Local residents only. 14．What do Sydney and New York have in common? A．Both have famous beaches. B．Both have many sports clubs. C．Both own lots of yoga studios. D．Both own popular running paths. 15．Where is this text probably taken from? A．A book about tourism. B．A magazine about sports. C．A dairy from a tourist. D．A guide for city planning. 【答案】13．C 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了柏林、悉尼、东京和纽约四个城市的特色健身方式，展示了全球不同城市对运动与健康的重视。 13．细节理解题。根据Berlin: Sports City in Europe部分中“The city also has a big running race called the Berlin Marathon, where runners from all over the world come to join. (这座城市还有一个大型的跑步比赛，叫做柏林马拉松，来自世界各地的跑步者都会来参加)”可知，来自世界各地的跑步者会参加柏林马拉松比赛。故选C。 14．细节理解题。根据Sydney: City of the Great Outdoors部分中“There is a famous path called the Bondi to Coogee Coastal Walk where people like to run and walk. (有一条著名的路径叫做邦迪到库吉沿海步道，人们喜欢在那里跑步和散步)”以及New York: Always on the Move部分中“From people running along Reservoir Running Track or Bridle Path early in the morning in Central Park to yoga classes on rooftops at night, New York is full of activity. (从清晨在中央公园沿着水库跑道或马道跑步的人，到夜晚在屋顶上进行的瑜伽课程，纽约充满了活力)”可知，悉尼和纽约的共同点是它们都有受欢迎的跑步路径。故选D。 15．推理判断题。根据文章标题“Active Cities — A Glimpse into Global Fitness (活跃的城市——全球健身一瞥)”以及文章内容可知，文章主要介绍了柏林、悉尼、东京和纽约这四个城市在健身方面的特色和活动，如柏林的马拉松比赛、悉尼的户外运动、东京的传统与现代健身方式以及纽约的多样化健身活动等。由此可推知，这篇文章可能来自一本关于体育的杂志。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25高二下·广东肇庆·期中）It was 8:30 pm on a Friday at a health club in central London. The Yoga (瑜伽) for Beginners class was packed with first-timers eager to learn. It may have taken thousands of years, but yoga has shaken off its image as a practice associated with incense and chanting (诵经) to become a lifestyle essential for thousands of Britons everywhere. Yoga is changing lives in clubs and gyms around Britain. It has overtaken diving to become the fastest-growing new activity across the country. Every gym now has yoga classes, and yoga teachers are becoming popular and respected. Children as young as three take “Yoga Bug” classes. Hotels in Turkey, Spain and Mexico even offer yoga holidays for people whose idea of a relaxing time is strong exercise and soft things to drink. The new yoga generation believes engaging body and mind is the way to inner calm, not to mention a flat stomach, slimmer hips and a graceful body. Tom, 26, who works for a design company in Manchester, north-west England and started yoga in January, says this exercise is a perfect antidote to modern life. “Like most people, I work longer hours and travel a lot. Work is hard and competitive. I want somewhere where I can be alone and forget about absolutely everything, where the only person I am up against is myself.” Fenella Lindsell, director and founder of the Art of Health and Yoga in south-west London, says yoga’s popularity naturally results from consumers’ new-found interest in alternative lifestyles. “We are more in touch with how we feel and present ourselves. The same goes for fitness. We are questioning whether the traditional ‘no pain, no gain’ approach is for the best. We want a more complete form of exercise.” Sports scientists at Loughborough University, England, have just finished a study of exercise patterns that concludes that “low-impact exercises” are healthier for most people than hours spent lifting weights. Dr Ian Cockerill, who studies exercise trends, says less is now more. “People know they should ‘just do it’, but they're looking for a whole range of new feelings for the mind and the body.” Professional trend observers go further. They argue that the yoga craze is part of a general shift away from materialism to “the experience economy”. As most people earn more, making oneself look and feel good is now more about getting the latest “experience” than buying the latest thing. 16．In the past, yoga was considered ________. A．connected with people’s health B．relevant to incense and chanting C．connected with the fastest-growing economy D．associated with an essential lifestyle 17．What does the underlined word “overtaken” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Outnumbered. B．Balanced. C．Compared. D．Benefited. 18．Why is yoga a perfect antidote for Tom? A．Yoga is beneficial to his health. B．He has the chance to be alone and get away from work there. C．He can keep up with the trend by practising yoga. D．Yoga can help him to be competitive. 19．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Meaning of Yoga B．The Popularity of Yoga C．A Form of Exercise D．People’s Attitudes Towards Yoga 【答案】16．B 17．A 18．B 19．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。瑜伽在英国广受欢迎，摆脱了与焚香诵经相关的旧形象，成为人们追求身心放松和健康的生活方式。 16．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“It may have taken thousands of years, but yoga has shaken off its image as a practice associated with incense and chanting to become a lifestyle essential for thousands of Britons everywhere.(它可能花了数千年时间，但瑜伽已经摆脱了其与熏香和诵经相关的形象，成为成千上万英国人的生活方式必需品。)”可知，过去瑜伽被认为与“熏香和诵经”相关。原文明确用“associated with incense and chanting”描述过去的形象。故选B。 17．词句猜测题。根据第二段第二句“It has overtaken diving to become the fastest-growing new activity across the country.(它已经overtaken潜水，成为全国增长最快的新活动。)”可知，这里overtaken所在语境表明瑜伽在增长速度上“超过”了潜水，结合选项，outnumbered(数量超过)最符合语义逻辑。故选A。 18．细节理解题。根据第四段汤姆的话““Like most people, I work longer hours and travel a lot. Work is hard and competitive. I want somewhere where I can be alone and forget about absolutely everything, where the only person I am up against is myself.(和大多数人一样，我工作时间更长，也经常出差。工作很辛苦，也很有竞争力。我想要一个可以独处、忘记一切的地方，在那里我唯一需要面对的人就是我自己。)”可知，瑜伽对他而言是“完美解药”的原因是他能在此独处并逃离工作压力。故选B。 19．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，全文围绕瑜伽在英国及全球的流行展开：从过去形象到现在成为生活方式、健身房普及、不同人群参与、科学研究支持及社会趋势分析。所以B选项The Popularity of Yoga(瑜伽的流行)概括全文核心。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25高二下·广东广州·期中）If a president, a philosopher, and one of the best-selling writers credited the same secret of their success, would you try to follow it too? What if the secret was something you already knew how to do? In fact, you probably do it every day. Here’s what Friedrich Nietzsche wrote: “It is only ideas gained from walking that have any worth.” Thomas Jefferson: “Walking is the best possible exercise.” Charles Dickens: “If I could not walk far and fast, I think I should just explode and die.” Researchers have found quite a lot of connections between walking and producing ideas. A study from Stanford University found that participants were 81 percent more creative when walking as opposed to sitting. According to the study, walking outside — compared with on a treadmill (跑步机) — produces the most novel and highest-quality ideas. The movement aspect of walking is obviously key. Our creative thinking is triggered (触发) by physical movement, which is exactly why walking — with your dog, a friend, or alone — feeds creative thinking. The scenery is almost as important as the sweat. Breaking your routine with a walk can be a catalyst for fresh understanding of problems or projects. Just by going outside, you are stepping out of your familiar surroundings and your comfort zone, which is necessary if you want to open your mind to new possibilities. You can walk through a tree-filled neighborhood. You can walk through a park and observe people joking or birds singing. Being inside, you’re more likely to be lifeless, which means you don’t have enough energy to wonder or create. So instead of setting a fitness goal, why not set a creativity goal that starts with walking? Involve yourself more closely in your surroundings. Turn off your phone and give yourself the chance to be present in the world, to hear conversations and natural sounds, and to notice the way people move and the way the sun reflects in a puddle (小水坑). 20．How does the author introduce the topic? A．By providing the background. B．By borrowing phrases from great minds. C．By giving definition. D．By presenting well-known examples. 21．The underlined word in Paragraph 4 means something ________. A．causing a change B．stopping progress C．catching eyes D．interrupting creativity 22．What can we learn from the passage? A．Nature exploration improves fitness. B．Walking on a treadmill brings more energy. C．Working indoors makes people less creative. D．Familiar surroundings encourage novel ideas. 23．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Exercise in Nature. B．Train Your Brain. C．Develop Your Creativity. D．Walk for Wonders. 【答案】20．B 21．A 22．C 23．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了走路对于创造力的激发与思维的发散所具有的重大意义。 20．推理判断题。根据第一段“Here’s what Friedrich Nietzsche wrote: “It is only ideas gained from walking that have any worth.” Thomas Jefferson: “Walking is the best possible exercise.” Charles Dickens: “If I could not walk far and fast, I think I should just explode and die.” (弗里德里希·尼采写道：“只有从走路中获得的想法才有价值。”托马斯·杰斐逊：“走路是最好的锻炼。”查尔斯·狄更斯：“如果我不能走得又远又快，我想我应该爆炸而死。”)”可推知，作者通过引用名人名言介绍主题。故选B。 21．词句猜测题。根据下文“Just by going outside, you are stepping out of your familiar surroundings and your comfort zone, which is necessary if you want to open your mind to new possibilities. You can walk through a tree-filled neighborhood. You can walk through a park and observe people joking or birds singing. Being inside, you’re more likely to be lifeless, which means you don’t have enough energy to wonder or create. (只要走出去，你就走出了你熟悉的环境和你的舒适区，如果你想打开你的头脑，接受新的可能性，这是必要的。你可以走过一个绿树成荫的街区。你可以走过公园，看到人们开玩笑或鸟儿歌唱。身处其中，你更有可能毫无生气，也就是说你没有足够的精力去探索和创造)”可知，讲到了散步带来的好处。且划线词后“for fresh understanding of problems or projects (对问题或项目有新的理解)”可知，该句想表达“通过散步打破你的日常生活可以促进对问题或项目的新理解。”A. causing a change引起变化；B. stopping progress停止进步；C. catching eyes引起注意；D. interrupting creativity打断创造力。由此可知划线词意为“带来改变的东西”。故选A。 22．细节理解题。根据第四段“Being inside, you’re more likely to be lifeless, which means you don’t have enough energy to wonder or create. (身处室内，你更有可能毫无生气，也就是说你没有足够的精力去探索和创造)”可知，当你身处室内时，会使你没有精力去探索和创造。即在室内工作会降低人们的创造力。故选C。 23．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其第一段中“Here’s what Friedrich Nietzsche wrote: “It is only ideas gained from walking that have any worth.” Thomas Jefferson: “Walking is the best possible exercise.” Charles Dickens: “If I could not walk far and fast, I think I should just explode and die.”(弗里德里希·尼采写道：“只有从走路中获得的想法才有价值。”托马斯·杰斐逊：“走路是最好的锻炼。”查尔斯·狄更斯：“如果我不能走得又远又快，我想我应该爆炸而死。”)”可知，本文主要讲述了散步对于创造力的激发与思维发散的好处，即散步可以带来奇迹。D项“Walk for Wonder(散步寻找奇迹)”为最佳标题。故选D。 主题03 人与自然 —— 生态保护与环境关注 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·广东湛江·期中）Scientists have long known that plastics are damaging the oceans. However, they were not sure where all the plastic waste came from. A new study shows that much of it is floating in the air. A team of scientists from the United States and Denmark recently published their findings. They discovered that small pieces of plastic, called microplastics, are floating in the air all over the world. These tiny plastic particles (颗粒) are so small that they can be breathed in by humans. The researchers collected air samples from 11 locations around the world. They used special equipment to filter (过滤) the air and collect the microplastics. They found an average of 1,000 pieces of microplastics per cubic meter of air. In some places, the number was even higher. The sources of these microplastics are not completely clear. But the researchers believe that they come from a variety of sources, including plastic bags, bottles, and synthetic (合成的) clothing. When these plastics break down, they release small particles into the air. The presence of microplastics in the air is a concern because they can be harmful to human health. When people breathe in these particles, they can cause problems in the lungs and other organs. The researchers also said that microplastics in the air can be carried long distances by the wind. This means that they can spread to areas where there is little or no plastic production. 24．What did the new study find? A．There is more plastic waste in the air than in the ocean. B．Microplastics are floating in the air all over the world. C．The sources of plastic waste are clear. D．Microplastics are too big to be breathed in by humans. 25．How did the researchers collect air samples? A．By using special equipment. B．By using plastic bags. C．By using bottles. D．By using synthetic clothing. 26．What is the main concern about microplastics in the air? A．They can cause air pollution. B．They can be carried long distances by the wind. C．They can be harmful to human health. D．They can spread to areas with no plastic production. 27．What is the best title for the text? A．The Damage of Plastics to the Oceans B．The Sources of Plastic Waste C．Microplastics in the Air D．The Effects of Microplastics on Human Health 【答案】24．B 25．A 26．C 27．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了美国和丹麦科学家的新研结果表明，空气中漂浮着大量的微塑料，这些微塑料来自各种塑料，而且这些微塑料的传播范围会随着风的传播而扩大。 24．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“They discovered that small pieces of plastic, called microplastics, are floating in the air all over the world.(他们发现，被称为微塑料的小塑料碎片漂浮在世界各地的空气中。)”可知新研究发现了世界各地的空气中漂浮着微塑料，故选B。 25．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“They used special equipment to filter (过滤) the air and collect the microplastics. (他们使用特殊设备过滤空气并收集微塑料。)”可知研究人员使用特殊设备来采集样品，故选A。 26．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“The presence of microplastics in the air is a concern because they can be harmful to human health. When people breathe in these particles, they can cause problems in the lungs and other organs. (空气中微塑料的存在令人担忧，因为它们可能对人体健康有害。当人们吸入这些颗粒时，它们会导致肺部和其他器官出现问题。)”可以推断出，对空气中的微塑料最大的担忧是它们对人们的健康有害，故选C。 27．推理判断题。文章第一段“Scientists have long known that plastics are damaging the oceans. However, they were not sure where all the plastic waste came from. A new study shows that much of it is floating in the air.(科学家们早就知道塑料正在破坏海洋。然而，他们不确定所有的塑料垃圾来自哪里。一项新的研究表明，其中大部分都漂浮在空气中。)”指出研究表明塑料垃圾大部分都漂浮在空气中，文章第二、三段主要讲的是研究过程及发现，文章第四段讲的是微塑料的来源，最后一段讲的是微塑料对于人类健康及空气的危害，纵观全文可知本文主要围绕着对于人类健康及空气带来危害的空气中的微塑料来展开，所以C选项Microplastics in the Air (空气中的微塑料染)作为文章标题最为合适，故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25高二下·广东深圳·期中）If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars, we would go in darkness happily, the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal (夜间活动) species on this planet. Instead, we are diurnal creatures, with eyes adapted to living in the sun’s light. This is a basic evolutionary fact, even though most of us don’t think of ourselves as diurnal beings. Yet it’s the only way to explain what we’ve done to the night: We’ve engineered it to receive us by filling it with light. The benefits of this kind of engineering come with consequences, called light pollution, whose effects scientists are only now beginning to study. Light pollution is largely the result of bad lighting design, which allows artificial light to shine outward and upward into the sky. Poorly designed lighting washes out the darkness of night and completely changes the light levels — and light rhythms — to which many forms of life, including ourselves, have adapted. Wherever human light spills into the natural world, some aspect of life is affected. Among mammals alone, the number of nocturnal species is astonishing. Light is a powerful biological force, and on many species it acts as a magnet. The effect is so powerful that, for example, migrating at night, birds tend to collide with brightly lit tall buildings. And frogs living near brightly lit highways suffer nocturnal light levels that are as much as a million times brighter than normal, throwing nearly every aspect of their behavior out of joint, including their nighttime breeding choruses. Living in a glare of our own making, we have cut ourselves off from our evolutionary and cultural heritage, the light of the stars and the rhythms of day and night. In a very real sense, light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe, to forget the scale of our being. 28．According to the passage, human beings ______. A．prefer to live in the darkness B．are used to living in the day light C．were curious about the midnight world D．had to stay at home with the light of the moon 29．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 most probably refer to? A．The night. B．The moon. C．The sky D．The planet. 30．The writer mentions birds and frogs to ______. A．provide examples of animal protection B．show how light pollution affects animals C．compare the living habits of both species D．explain why the number of certain species has declined 31．What might be the best title for the passage? A．The Magic Light B．The Orange Haze C．The Disappearing Night D．The Rhythms of Nature 【答案】28．B 29．A 30．B 31．C 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类因光污染破坏了自然昼夜节律，影响了自身和夜行动物的生存。 28．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Instead, we are diurnal creatures, with eyes adapted to living in the sun’s light.(相反，我们是昼伏夜出的生物，我们的眼睛已经适应了生活在阳光下)”可知，人类习惯于在日光下生活。故选B。 29．词句猜测题。根据第一段划线词所在句“Yet it’s the only way to explain what we’ve done to the night: We’ve engineered it to receive us by filling it with light.(然而，这是解释我们对黑夜所做的一切的唯一方法：我们设计了它，让它用光来接收我们)”可知，此处的it指代“黑夜”。故选A。 30．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Light is a powerful biological force, and on many species it acts as a magnet. The effect is so powerful that, for example, migrating at night, birds tend to collide with brightly lit tall buildings. And frogs living near brightly lit highways suffer nocturnal light levels that are as much as a million times brighter than normal, throwing nearly every aspect of their behavior out of joint, including their nighttime breeding choruses.(光是一种强大的生物力量，对许多物种来说，它就像磁铁一样。这种影响非常强大，例如，鸟类在夜间迁徙时，往往会与灯火通明的高层建筑相撞。而生活在灯火通明的高速公路附近的青蛙，夜间的光照水平是平时的一百万倍，这几乎使它们行为的各个方面都失控，包括夜间繁殖的合唱)”可推知，第三段通过鸟类撞楼、青蛙繁殖紊乱的例子，直接说明光污染对动物的负面影响。故选B。 31．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Yet it’s the only way to explain what we’ve done to the night: We’ve engineered it to receive us by filling it with light.(然而，这是解释我们对黑夜所做的一切的唯一方法：我们设计了它，让它用光来接收我们)”及全文内容可知，全文围绕光污染导致“自然夜晚消失”展开，讨论其对生态和人类认知的影响。由此可知，选项C“消逝的夜晚”适合作本文最佳标题。故选C。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $