With的复合结构及其应用 语法课件-2026届高三英语二轮复习专项

—With的复合结构及其应用 The Compound Structure of “With” and Its Application 湖北省嘉鱼县第一中学 高一5班 熊亚玲 2026年3月 Learning Objectives： After the class, you’ll 1.master compound structure of “with”; 2.make a distinction among the usage of v-ing, v-ed, and “to do” as object complement ; 3.be able to use what we have learned into English writing. Last Saturday, the students in Group 5 sang a song with their faces covered by English textbooks. “With” compound structure here functions as an adverbial状语. Lead-in with 的复合结构即“with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”, 宾语由名词或代词充当, 宾补可以由哪些成分充当呢？with 的复合结构的句法功能？ 宾语 宾语补足语 with 1.with + 宾语 + 现在分词 （主谓关系/主动关系） doing表示 with 后名词发生的动作，此名词为动作的执行者. Last Saturday, the students in Group 5 sang a song, with other students listening to them attentively. with+宾语+doing 重点记录 Last Thursday, we had an English lesson with Tong Yuchen teaching us. “With” Composite Structure here functions as an adverbial状语. with+宾语+doing 2. with + 宾语 + 过去分词 （动宾关系/被动关系） done 和with后面的 宾语构成动宾关系，此宾语是动作的承受者。 With the work done, she felt greatly relieved. 工作完成了，她大大地松了一口气。 with+宾语+done 重点记录 All the night he worked with the door locked. with+宾语+done 3.with + 宾语 + 不定式 （将要发生） 动词不定式表示目的， 或将发生， 未发生的事。(动作尚未发生） With her to go with us, we're sure to have a pleasant journey. 有她和我们一起去，我们的旅途一定会很愉快。 zxxkw with+宾语+to do 重点记录 He gave a lecture with several students to share opinions. “With” Composite Structure here functions as an adverbial状语. with+宾语+to do The newly-elected president is having a hard time with a lot of problems________(settle). to settle with的复合结构做adverbial状语 with+宾语+to do 4.with + 宾语 + 介词短语 The teacher was giving a lecture with a pointer教鞭 in her hand. 老师在讲课，手里拿着一根教鞭。 重点记录 A boy was watching two students playing ping-pong with an umbrella in his hand. with + 宾语 + 介词短语 5. with + 宾语 + 形容词 zxxkw He always sleeps with the window open. 他经常开着窗户睡觉。 6. with + 宾语 + 副词 The square looks more beautiful ____________________ 所有的灯都亮时，广场显得更加美丽。 with all the lights on. With the light on, he fell asleep. 7. with + 宾语 + 名词 With a local our guide, we needn't be afraid to get lost. 有本地人当向导，我们不必担心会迷路。 “with的复合结构”，即 “with + 宾语 + 补足语”， 在英语中，特别是在书面语中是一个很常用的结构，它既可以充当状语，又可以充当定语。由于“with复合结构”在逻辑上是一个主谓关系完整的结构，因而，它也可以用相应的从句或分句代替。 with + 宾语 + 形容词 副词 名词 介词短语 v-ing v-ed to do 主动、进行 被动、完成 将要发生 一、“with复合结构”的构成 记下来 二、with复合结构的句法作用 with复合结构，即“with + 宾语+补足语”，在句子中可以充当状语和定语。 1.充当伴随或方式状语 It's bad manners to speak with one's mouth full of food. The girl stood there silently, with tears in her eyes. 伴随状语 2.充当原因状语 With her money lost, she was at a loss what to do. 钱丢了，她不知如何是好。 3.充当结果状语 She walked out in the rain, with her clothes all wet. 她冒雨出去，衣服都湿透了。 4.充当定语 The room with lights on is our class-room. 开着灯的那个教室是我们的。 Do you know the woman with her face covered by a blue mask? A middle-aged woman was waiting in the waiting room of the dermatology皮肤 department科 in the hospital, with many people playing mobile phones behind her. The complex structure with can function as an adverbial状语 or a postpositive attributive后置定语 in a sentence. with复合结构功能 1. With the old man ________（lead）the way, we found the place at last. 2. With all the things ______(buy), she headed for home joyfully. 3. With so much work _______(finish), he had a tight schedule. leading bought to finish 非谓语v-ing 表达的动作与with后面的宾语之间构成逻辑上的________关系；v-ed 表达动作与宾语之间的________关系；to do 多表示该动作_________。 主动 被动 将要去做 with复合结构作状语 Summary with复合结构作定语 1.The road ___________________________________ leads to the mountain village. 两边种有果树的那条路通向那个山村。 2.The room ______________ is our class-room. 开着灯的那个教室是我们的。 with fruit trees planted on both sides with lights on 除此以外，“with复合结构”还有其否定形式，即“without + 宾语 + 补足语” The house caught a big fire last night, without anything left in it. = The house caught a big fire last night, with nothing left in it. They finished the work without anyone helping them. = They finished the work with no one helping them. with复合结构： Draw your mindmap --- Structure Summary with + 宾语 + 形容词 副词 名词 介词短语 v-ing v-ed to do 主动、进行 被动、完成 将要发生 表示状态 宾 补 重要提示： with结构不是句子，故with结构中不会有谓语动词形式，它在句中作定语或状语，做状语时可以转化成对应的状语从句。 名词或代词 27 用with复合结构翻译句子 1. 他睡着了，灯还开着。 2. 老师走进来，手里拿着本书。 He fell asleep, with the lights still on. The teacher came in, with a book in his hand. 3.他们建立了一支足球队，汤姆当队长。 They set up a football team, with Tom their head. 三、 练习与应用 4. 那个小偷被带进来，双手被绑在后面。 The thief was brought in, with his hands tied back. 5. 因为有太多的作业要做，所以我们不能出去玩。 With so much work to do, we can’t go out to play. 6. 由那个老人带路，我们终于找到了那个地方。 With the old man leading the way, we found the place at last. 1. 脸上带着明亮微笑的那个女孩是我最好的朋友。 The girl with a bright smile on her face is my best friend. 2.2025年过去了，什么也没有解决。 The year 2025 ended with nothing settled. 3. 他走了过来，怀里抱着他一岁的儿子。 7.脸上带着明亮微笑的那个女孩是我最好的朋友。 The girl with a bright smile on her face is my best friend. 8.2025年过去了，什么也没有解决。 The year 2025 ended with nothing settled. 9.他走了过来，怀里抱着他一岁的儿子。 He came over, with his one-year-old son in his arms. With复合结构升级法宝 1. He cast us a glance, and his face wearing a warm smile. 2. As all the things were equipped, they headed for the forest. 3. He embraced me. His arms were open wide. His eyes were shining like diamonds. a. 升级并列句: He cast us a glance, with his face wearing a... b.变换状从: With all the things equipped, they headed for... c.合并简单句: He embraced me, with his arms open wide and his eyes shining like diamonds. 读后续写：运用With复合结构描绘场景 📝 作文题目要求 阅读短文并续写完整故事。要求：在续写中至少使用3种不同形式的“with复合结构”。字数约100词。 It was a rainy afternoon. Lily was walking home from school, holding a heavy schoolbag. Suddenly, she saw an old man standing by the bus stop, looking worried. He had forgotten his umbrella. ✨ 语法点睛：With复合结构 with + 宾语 + doing (主动/进行) 例：With the rain pouring down, he got wet. with + 宾语 + done (被动/完成) 例：With his homework finished, he went out. with + 宾语 + adj./adv./prep (状态) 例：She sat there with her eyes closed. 💡 写作小贴士：灵活运用结构，让场景描写更生动！ 范文 Lily felt sorry for the old man. With her own umbrella offered, she walked up to him and said, "Grandpa, take this umbrella." The old man looked surprised, with tears of gratitude filling his eyes. He thanked Lily repeatedly. With the rain still falling heavily, Lily shared her umbrella with the old man and walked him to the nearby bus stop. They talked happily along the way. Lily felt warm in her heart, with a sense of happiness spreading all over her body. 结构解析 ● With her own umbrella offered (with + 宾语 + 过去分词)：表示伞被主动提供出去的状态。 ● with tears of gratitude filling his eyes (with + 宾语 + 现在分词)：表示感动的泪水正在充满眼眶。 ● With the rain still falling heavily (with + 宾语 + 现在分词)：表示雨正在下的持续状态。 ● with a sense of happiness spreading... (with + 宾语 + 现在分词)：表示幸福感正在全身蔓延。 Self-assessment What have you learnt in this lesson? 1. Can I master “with” compound structure? 2. Can I properly use v-ing, v-ed or “to do” as object complement ? 3. Can I use what we have learned into English writing? Homework Please write a story with the compound structure of “with” in 100 words. Thank you for your listening！ $