内容正文:
八年级英语下册Unit9知识点-Theme Reading讲义
一、教学目标
1. 语言知识:掌握课文中的核心词汇(sudden, dangerous, hide, indoors, outdoors, prepare, training, aftershock, survive)和重点句型。
2. 语言技能:能够通过阅读,获取地震安全避险的关键信息,并能用英语简要说明地震时的自我保护方法。
3. 情感态度:增强安全意识,掌握基本的防灾避险知识,培养冷静应对突发情况的能力。
二、教学重难点
- 重点:理解并运用课文中的核心句型和固定搭配;掌握地震时的室内外避险要点。
- 难点:理解“take part in safety training”和“put knowledge into practice”的实际意义,并能结合自身经历进行简单表达。
三、重点句型解析
1. Often they are just too small for people to feel.
- 解析:`too + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.` 结构,意为“太……以至于某人不能做某事”。`feel` 在此处意为“感觉到”。
- 翻译:通常它们(地震)太小,人们感觉不到。
2. But when a serious earthquake happens, it can be very sudden and dangerous.
- 解析:`when` 引导时间状语从句。`serious` 意为“严重的”。`sudden` 和 `dangerous` 是并列的表语形容词。
- 翻译:但当严重地震发生时,它可能非常突然且危险。
3. Luckily, there are some safety tips for you to follow.
- 解析:`luckily` 是副词,修饰整个句子。`there be + 名词 + for sb. to do` 结构,意为“有……供某人去做”。
- 翻译:幸运的是,有一些安全小贴士供你遵循。
4. To begin with, you must know where to hide.
- 解析:`to begin with` 是固定短语,意为“首先”。`where to hide` 是“疑问词 + 不定式”结构,作 `know` 的宾语。
- 翻译:首先,你必须知道躲在哪里。
5. If you are indoors, hide under a strong desk and hang on to its legs.
- 解析:`if` 引导条件状语从句。`hide under` 意为“躲在……下面”。`hang on to` 是固定短语,意为“紧紧抓住”。
- 翻译:如果你在室内,躲在结实的桌子下面并紧紧抓住桌腿。
6. Or you can sit in the corner of the walls.
- 解析:`in the corner of` 意为“在……的角落里”。`corner` 指墙角或房间角落。
- 翻译:或者你可以坐在墙的角落。
7. If you are outdoors, find an open area and stay away from trees and power lines.
- 解析:`find` 和 `stay away from` 是并列的祈使句。`stay away from` 意为“远离”。`power lines` 意为“电线”。
- 翻译:如果你在室外,找一个开阔的区域,远离树木和电线。
8. In this way, you can keep off danger more easily.
- 解析:`in this way` 意为“用这种方式”。`keep off` 意为“避开,使……不接近”。
- 翻译:这样,你可以更容易地避开危险。
9. Besides, always prepare a first-aid kit at home.
- 解析:`besides` 意为“此外,而且”。`first-aid kit` 意为“急救包”。
- 翻译:此外,始终在家里准备一个急救包。
10. Being prepared may help save your life.
- 解析:`being prepared` 是动名词短语作主语,意为“做好准备”。`help (to) do sth.` 意为“帮助做某事”。
- 翻译:做好准备可能有助于挽救你的生命。
11. It can help you put your knowledge into practice.
- 解析:`help sb. (to) do sth.` 结构。`put ... into practice` 是固定短语,意为“将……付诸实践”。
- 翻译:它能帮助你把你所学的知识付诸实践。
12. No one expects to experience an earthquake, but no one knows whether he will have the bad luck.
- 解析:`expect to do sth.` 意为“期望做某事”。`whether` 引导宾语从句,意为“是否”。`have the bad luck` 意为“倒霉,遭遇不幸”。
- 翻译:没有人希望经历地震,但没有人知道自己是否会遭遇这种不幸。
13. So, to increase our chance of surviving the natural disaster, we must always be prepared.
- 解析:`to increase ...` 是不定式短语作目的状语。`chance of doing sth.` 意为“做某事的可能性/机会”。`survive` 意为“幸存”。
- 翻译:所以,为了增加我们在自然灾害中幸存的机会,我们必须时刻做好准备。
四、知识点挖空填写
根据课文内容及句意,在空格处填入一个合适的单词。
1. Often earthquakes are just too small for people __________ feel.
2. When a serious earthquake happens, it can be very sudden and __________.
3. To begin __________, you must know where to hide.
4. If you are indoors, hide __________ a strong desk and hang on to its legs.
5. If you are outdoors, find an open area and stay away __________ trees and power lines.
6. __________ this way, you can keep off danger more easily.
7. Always __________ a first-aid kit at home.
8. It can help you put your knowledge into __________.
9. When the strong shaking stops, you should not move around right __________.
10. To increase our __________ of surviving, we must always be prepared.
五、固定搭配与短语总结
写出下列短语的英文表达。
1. 安全小贴士 ______________
2. 首先 ______________
3. 躲在……下面 ______________
4. 紧紧抓住 ______________
5. 远离 ______________
6. 避开危险 ______________
7. 急救包 ______________
8. 参加安全培训 ______________
9. 将……付诸实践 ______________
10. 幸存的机会 ______________
六、配套练习
A. 单项选择(★)
1. The box is ______ heavy for the little boy ______ carry.
A. too; to B. very; to C. too; for D. so; that
2. When you are outdoors during an earthquake, you should stay away ______ tall buildings.
A. to B. from C. of D. off
3. The teacher helped us ______ our knowledge into practice.
A. put B. to putting C. puts D. putting
4. No one knows ______ he will come or not.
A. if B. whether C. that D. what
B. 完成句子(★★)
1. 首先,你必须知道躲在哪里。
__________ __________ __________, you must know __________ __________ hide.
2. 这样,你可以更容易地避开危险。
__________ __________ __________, you can __________ __________ danger more easily.
3. 做好准备可能有助于挽救你的生命。
__________ __________ may help __________ your life.
4. 为了增加我们幸存的机会,我们必须时刻做好准备。
__________ __________ our __________ of surviving, we must always be prepared.
C. 拓展思考(★★★)
地震时,室内和室外的避险方法有所不同。请根据课文内容,结合你的理解,用英语简要说明室内和室外分别应该怎么做。(不少于40词)
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七、参考答案与解析
知识点挖空填写
1. to 2. dangerous 3. with 4. under 5. from
6. In 7. prepare 8. practice 9. away 10. chance
固定搭配与短语总结
1. safety tips
2. to begin with
3. hide under
4. hang on to
5. stay away from
6. keep off danger
7. first-aid kit
8. take part in safety training
9. put ... into practice
10. chance of surviving
配套练习解析
A. 单项选择
1. A(解析:`too + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.` 结构,意为“太……以至于某人不能做某事”。)
2. B(解析:`stay away from` 是固定短语,意为“远离”。)
3. A(解析:`help sb. (to) do sth.`,`put ... into practice` 是固定搭配。)
4. B(解析:`whether` 引导宾语从句,表示“是否”,与 `or not` 连用时只能用 `whether`。)
B. 完成句子
1. To begin with; where to
2. In this way; keep off
3. Being prepared; save
4. To increase; chance
C. 拓展思考(参考范文)
When an earthquake happens, we should do different things indoors and outdoors. If we are indoors, we should hide under a strong desk and hang on to its legs. If there is no desk, we can sit in the corner of the walls. If we are outdoors, we need to find an open area and stay away from trees and power lines. Following these rules can help us stay safe.
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