Unit9知识点Grammar in Use讲义 2025-2026学年仁爱科普版八年级英语下册

八年级英语下册Unit9知识点-Grammar in Use讲义 第一部分：Compound words（合成词） 一、语法讲解 合成词的构成 合成词是由两个或两个以上的单词组合而成的新词。常见的合成词构成方式有： 构成方式 示例 中文意思 名词 + 名词 snow + storm = snowstorm 暴风雪 名词 + 名词 thunder + storm = thunderstorm 雷雨 名词 + 名词 earth + quake = earthquake 地震 名词 + 名词 flood + way = floodway 泄洪道 名词 + 名词 sand + storm = sandstorm 沙尘暴 名词 + 名词 after + shock = aftershock 余震 名词 + 名词 super + market = supermarket 超市 动词 + 名词 flash + light = flashlight 手电筒 合成词的特点： - 合成词的意义通常是两个单词意义的组合 - 有些合成词用连字符连接，有些直接写在一起 - 可以通过上下文猜测合成词的意思 二、重点句型解析 1. "A snowstorm is a storm with strong winds and a lot of snow." - 意思：暴风雪是一种带有强风和大量雪的暴风雨。 - 知识点：snowstorm 由 snow + storm 构成；with 表示"带有" - 仿写：A __________ is a storm with thunder and lightning. 2. "A thunderstorm is a storm with thunder and lightning." - 意思：雷雨是一种带有雷声和闪电的暴风雨。 - 知识点：thunderstorm 由 thunder + storm 构成；thunder 雷；lightning 闪电 - 仿写：A __________ is a storm with a lot of sand. 3. "An earthquake is a quake of the surface of the earth." - 意思：地震是地球表面的震动。 - 知识点：earthquake 由 earth + quake 构成；quake 震动；surface 表面 - 仿写：An __________ is a strong shaking of the ground. 4. "You'd better bring a flashlight if you need to walk on a dark road." - 意思：如果你需要在黑暗的路上行走，最好带一个手电筒。 - 知识点：flashlight 由 flash + light 构成；you'd better = you had better 最好 - 仿写：You'd better take an __________ when you go camping. 5. "People living in the desert know how to keep themselves safe when a sandstorm comes." - 意思：生活在沙漠里的人知道沙尘暴来时如何保护自己安全。 - 知识点：sandstorm 由 sand + storm 构成；desert 沙漠；keep safe 保持安全 - 仿写：During a __________, stay indoors and close windows. 6. "We should buy cooked food and clean water in the supermarket before snowstorm." - 意思：暴风雪前我们应该在超市买熟食和干净的水。 - 知识点：supermarket 由 super + market 构成；cooked food 熟食；clean water 干净的水 - 仿写：You can buy many things in the __________. 7. "A floodway will lead the floodwater away if a flood happens." - 意思：如果发生洪水，泄洪道会把洪水引走。 - 知识点：floodway 由 flood + way 构成；lead away 引走 - 仿写：The __________ helps to control floodwater. 8. "A strong aftershock of the earthquake happened about 40 minutes later." - 意思：大约40分钟后发生了强烈的余震。 - 知识点：aftershock 由 after + shock 构成；later 之后 - 仿写：After the earthquake, there were many __________. 9. "With fewer grasslands in some areas, the sandstorm appears more often." - 意思：随着一些地区草地减少，沙尘暴出现得更频繁了。 - 知识点：grasslands 草地；appear 出现；more often 更频繁 - 仿写：__________ are becoming smaller because of climate change. 10. "Sandstorms can cover farmlands, cause traffic accidents, and harm human health." - 意思：沙尘暴能覆盖农田，引发交通事故，危害人类健康。 - 知识点：cover 覆盖；farmlands 农田；traffic accidents 交通事故；harm 危害 - 仿写：Pollution can __________ our environment. 11. "People should take actions in time to fight against sandstorms." - 意思：人们应该及时采取行动对抗沙尘暴。 - 知识点：take actions 采取行动；in time 及时；fight against 对抗 - 仿写：We need to __________ to protect the earth. 12. "Or, the sandstorm may become a worldwide problem." - 意思：否则，沙尘暴可能会成为一个全球性问题。 - 知识点：worldwide 全世界的，由 world + wide 构成 - 仿写：Climate change is a __________ issue. 三、配套练习 Activity 2 选词填空 用方框中的词填空。 - flashlight - floodway - sandstorm - aftershock - supermarket 1. You'd better bring a __________ if you need to walk on a dark road. 2. People living in the desert know how to keep themselves safe when a __________ comes. 3. We should buy cooked food and clean water in the __________ before snowstorm. 4. A __________ will lead the floodwater away if a flood happens. 5. A strong __________ of the earthquake happened about 40 minutes later, and it caused more harm to the area. Activity 3 猜词义 阅读短文，猜测下列词的意思。 With fewer grasslands in some areas, the sandstorm appears more often. Sandstorms can cover farmlands, cause traffic accidents, and harm human health. People should take actions in time to fight against sandstorms. Or, the sandstorm may become a worldwide problem. - grasslands 意思：__________ - farmlands 意思：__________ - worldwide 意思：__________ 第二部分：Comparative and superlative adverbs（副词比较级和最高级） 一、语法讲解 副词比较级和最高级的构成 副词和形容词一样，也有比较级和最高级形式，用于比较动作的方式、程度等。 构成规则 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节副词 + -er / -est fast faster fastest 以 -ly 结尾的副词加 more / most carefully more carefully most carefully 不规则变化 well better best 不规则变化 badly worse worst 不规则变化 far farther/further farthest/furthest 用法： - 比较级：A + 动词 + 副词比较级 + than + B（A比B做得……） - 最高级：A + 动词 + (the) + 副词最高级 + 比较范围（A在……中做得最……） 注意事项： - 副词最高级前的 the 可以省略 - well（好）是副词，good（好的）是形容词 二、重点句型解析 1. "We must arrive earlier than usual." - 意思：我们必须比平时到得更早。 - 知识点：early 的比较级是 earlier；than usual 比平时 - 仿写：He runs __________ (fast) __________ me. 2. "Most importantly, we should follow the orders." - 意思：最重要的是，我们应该听从指挥。 - 知识点：importantly 的比较级是 more importantly，最高级是 most importantly - 仿写：__________, you should stay calm in danger. 3. "The forest fire spread faster than we thought." - 意思：森林大火蔓延得比我们想象的要快。 - 知识点：fast 的比较级是 faster；spread 蔓延 - 仿写：The news spread __________ we expected. 4. "The guards ran (the) fastest to put out the fire." - 意思：警卫们跑得最快去灭火。 - 知识点：fast 的最高级是 fastest；put out the fire 灭火 - 仿写：Tom runs __________ in our class. 5. "He drives more carefully than I do." - 意思：他开车比我更小心。 - 知识点：carefully 的比较级是 more carefully - 仿写：She speaks English __________ (fluently) than me. 6. "Xia Feng checks the windows most carefully." - 意思：夏峰检查窗户最仔细。 - 知识点：carefully 的最高级是 most carefully - 仿写：Among all the students, he studies __________ (hard). 7. "We need to walk farther to keep away from the flood." - 意思：我们需要走得更远以远离洪水。 - 知识点：far 的比较级可以是 farther（更远，指距离）或 further（更进一步） - 仿写：We need to run __________ to get to safety. 8. "He chose the seat farthest from the window." - 意思：他选择了离窗户最远的座位。 - 知识点：far 的最高级可以是 farthest（最远，指距离）或 furthest - 仿写：Who lives __________ from school? 9. "We lived close to the beach, but our house was more than 300 meters higher than the sea level." - 意思：我们住在海滩附近，但我们的房子比海平面高300多米。 - 知识点：high 的比较级是 higher；sea level 海平面 - 仿写：This mountain is __________ than that one. 10. "But as the wind kept getting stronger, we knew it was coming toward us." - 意思：但随着风越来越大，我们知道它正向我们袭来。 - 知识点：strong 的比较级是 stronger；keep doing 持续做 - 仿写：The rain kept __________ (get) heavier. 11. "Just when we thought it was as bad as it could get, things became even worse." - 意思：就在我们以为情况已经糟透了的时候，事情变得更糟了。 - 知识点：badly 的比较级是 worse；as ... as ... 和……一样 - 仿写：The situation is getting __________ and __________. 12. "The disaster is the worst thing in my life." - 意思：这场灾难是我一生中最糟糕的事。 - 知识点：badly 的最高级是 worst - 仿写：This is __________ movie I've ever seen. 三、配套练习 一、写出下列副词的比较级和最高级 fast __________ __________ early __________ __________ late __________ __________ hard __________ __________ well __________ __________ badly __________ __________ far __________ __________ carefully __________ __________ quickly __________ __________ slowly __________ __________ 二、单项选择 ( ) 1. He runs ______ than me. A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest ( ) 2. She speaks English ______ in our class. A. well B. better C. best D. the better ( ) 3. You should drive ______ than before. A. careful B. carefully C. more carefully D. most carefully ( ) 4. Who lives ______ from school, Tom or Jerry? A. far B. farther C. farthest D. the farthest ( ) 5. The wind is blowing ______ than yesterday. A. strong B. stronger C. strongly D. more strongly ( ) 6. He did ______ in the exam among all the students. A. badly B. worse C. worst D. the worst ( ) 7. We arrived ______ than usual because of the rain. A. late B. later C. latest D. the latest ( ) 8. She writes ______ than her brother. A. clear B. clearly C. more clearly D. most clearly ( ) 9. This is the ______ thing that has ever happened to me. A. bad B. worse C. worst D. badly ( ) 10. He runs ______, but she runs ______. A. fast, faster B. faster, fast C. fastest, faster D. fast, fastest 三、用所给词的正确形式填空 1. He runs __________ (fast) than me. 2. She speaks English __________ (well) in our class. 3. Please drive __________ (carefully) than before. 4. Who can jump __________ (far), Tom or Jim? 5. The wind is blowing __________ (strongly) now than this morning. 6. He did __________ (badly) in the exam among all the students. 7. We arrived __________ (early) than usual today. 8. She sings __________ (beautifully) than her sister. 9. This is the __________ (terrible) disaster in history. 10. You need to work __________ (hard) if you want to succeed. 四、翻译句子 1. 他跑得比我快。 ________________________________________________ 2. 她是我们班英语说得最好的。 ________________________________________________ 3. 你应该开车比以前更小心。 ________________________________________________ 4. 谁住得离学校最远？ ________________________________________________ 5. 今天的风比昨天刮得更大。 ________________________________________________ 6. 他在考试中表现得最差。 ________________________________________________ 7. 我们比平时到得晚。 ________________________________________________ 8. 她写得比她哥哥更清楚。 ________________________________________________ 9. 这是我经历过的最糟糕的事情。 ________________________________________________ 10. 如果你想成功，就需要更努力地工作。 ________________________________________________ 教师版（含答案） 第一部分：Compound words 句型解析答案 1. A thunderstorm is a storm with thunder and lightning. 2. A sandstorm is a storm with a lot of sand. 3. An earthquake is a strong shaking of the ground. 4. You'd better take an umbrella when you go camping. 5. During a sandstorm, stay indoors and close windows. 6. You can buy many things in the supermarket. 7. The floodway helps to control floodwater. 8. After the earthquake, there were many aftershocks. 9. Grasslands are becoming smaller because of climate change. 10. Pollution can harm our environment. 11. We need to take actions to protect the earth. 12. Climate change is a worldwide issue. 配套练习答案 Activity 2 1. flashlight 2. sandstorm 3. supermarket 4. floodway 5. aftershock Activity 3 - grasslands：草地 - farmlands：农田 - worldwide：全世界的 第二部分：Comparative and superlative adverbs 句型解析答案 1. He runs faster than me. 2. Most importantly, you should stay calm in danger. 3. The news spread faster than we expected. 4. Tom runs fastest in our class. 5. She speaks English more fluently than me. 6. Among all the students, he studies hardest. 7. We need to run farther to get to safety. 8. Who lives farthest from school? 9. This mountain is higher than that one. 10. The rain kept getting heavier. 11. The situation is getting worse and worse. 12. This is the worst movie I've ever seen. 配套练习答案 一、写出下列副词的比较级和最高级 fast faster fastest early earlier earliest late later latest hard harder hardest well better best badly worse worst far farther/further farthest/furthest carefully more carefully most carefully quickly more quickly most quickly slowly more slowly most slowly 二、单项选择 1. B 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. A 三、用所给词的正确形式填空 1. faster 2. best 3. more carefully 4. farther 5. more strongly 6. worst 7. earlier 8. more beautifully 9. most terrible 10. harder 四、翻译句子 1. He runs faster than me. 2. She speaks English best in our class. 3. You should drive more carefully than before. 4. Who lives farthest from school? 5. The wind is blowing more strongly today than yesterday. 6. He did worst in the exam. 7. We arrived later than usual. 8. She writes more clearly than her brother. 9. This is the worst thing I've ever experienced. 10. 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