Unit 5 Section Ⅳ Discovering Useful Structures-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册配套课件PPT（人教版）

该高中英语课件聚焦“过去分词作表语和状语”语法项目，通过春节语境实例（如“observed on January 1 lunar month”等）引导学生感知用法，再以“先感知-会发现-明规则”模块梳理语法规则，搭建“情境感知-规则理解-应用检测”的学习支架。 其亮点在于融合文化意识（春节场景导入）、思维品质（对比辨析现在分词与过去分词作表语区别）和语言能力（单句填空、完成句子等多样练习）。例如用表格对比“exciting/excited”等词，培养学生辨析能力，综合检测题强化应用。帮助学生循序渐进掌握语法，教师可直接使用结构化资源提升教学效率。

Discovering Useful Structures Section Ⅳ (语法项目——过去分词作表语和状语) 语境中体悟 学案中理清 应用中融通 课时跟踪检测 Contents 目录 01 02 03 04 2 01 语境中体悟 Observed on January 1 lunar month①, Chinese Lunar New Year's Day, also called the Spring Festival②， is well received by all the Chinese people all over the world. At the Spring Festival, most people have big meals cooked by themselves③ and chat with family members while others may take a trip to visit their friends or to spend their long holiday. Besides, people will say “Happy New Year” to express good wishes for the coming new year. It is also a children's festival.They become very excited④ because they can get lucky money in red paper. [语法入门] ①为过去分词短语作状语； ②③为过去分词短语作后置定语； ④为过去分词作表语。 02 学案中理清 过去分词一般表示完成的或被动的动作。过去分词在句子中不能单独构成谓语，除了可以用作定语(the attribute)、宾语补足语(the object complement)以外，还可以用作表语(the predicative)和状语(the adverbial)。 一、过去分词作表语 1．过去分词作表语主要表示主语的心理或所处的状态。 I was disappointed at the film I saw last night. I had expected it to be better. 我对昨晚看的电影很失望。我原先期待它会更好看。 2．有的过去分词作表语，相当于形容词，且大部分已转化为形容词，常见的有：delighted, disappointed, discouraged, amused, astonished, interested, crowded, tired, satisfied, pleased, surprised, worried, excited, married, puzzled等。 Obviously, I'd be disappointed if we don't make it, but it wouldn't be the end of the world. 显然，如果我们不能成功，我会很失望，但那不会是世界末日。 3．过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别 用作表语的过去分词，被动意味很弱，主要表示动作的完成和状态，此时的过去分词相当于一个形容词，其后常不跟by短语。被动语态的过去分词形式，被动意味很强，句子主语为动作的承受者，后常跟“by＋动作的执行者”。 My grandfather was delighted to hear I have passed my exams.(过去分词作表语) 我祖父听到我通过考试后感到很高兴。 The new tissues and organs are used to cure diseases by doctors.(被动语态) 新的组织和器官被医生用来治疗疾病。 4．感觉类及物动词的现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别 英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其现在分词表示主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉的”，多用来修饰物；其过去分词含有被动意义，即“人被引起某种感觉的”，多用来修饰人、人的声音或表情等。 常用的这类词有： [对点练]　(单句语法填空) ①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)He became __________(interest) in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. ②(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was ________(amaze) that he improved after two or three treatments. ③He looked ________(puzzle) so I repeated the question. interested amazed puzzled ④The ____________ look on her face suggested that she was __________ by the ___________ scene.(frighten) ⑤The news was ___________ and they were all _________ at it.(excite) ⑥We all felt ___________ at the ____________ news.(encourage) ⑦The audience were all _______ to tears by the _________ film.(move) frightened frightened frightening exciting excited encouraged encouraging moved moving 二、过去分词(短语)作状语 [先感知] ①Completed in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world. ②Absorbed in painting, John didn't notice evening approaching. ＝Because he was absorbed in painting, John didn't notice evening approaching. ＝John was absorbed in painting, so he didn't notice evening approaching. ③Used with care, one tin will last for six weeks. ④Defeated by his opponent, he never gave up any hope. ＝Although he was defeated by his opponent, he never gave up any hope. ⑤She accepted the gift, deeply moved. ＝She accepted the gift, and she was deeply moved. ⑥Much time spent sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems. [会发现] 1．句①加蓝部分作时间状语，相当于_______________。可在过去分词前加上连词when, while, until等，使其时间意义更明确。 2．句②加蓝部分作原因状语，相当于_______________ 或并列句。 3．句③加蓝部分作条件状语，相当于_______________。可加连词if, unless等转换成条件状语从句。 时间状语从句 原因状语从句 条件状语从句 4．句④加蓝部分作让步状语，相当于______________。有时可加although, though, even if, even though, whether ... or等连词转换成让步状语从句。 5．句⑤加蓝部分作伴随状语，相当于and连接的并列句。 6．句⑥中过去分词spent的主语并不是主句的主语office workers，而是___________，这种情况被称为独立主格结构。 让步状语从句 Much time [明规则] 1．过去分词(短语)作状语，分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，即表示被动意义。 2．过去分词(短语)作状语，可以表示时间、让步、条件、原因、伴随、方式或结果，相当于一个状语从句。其逻辑主语为句子的主语，且其与主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。 3．过去分词(短语)作条件、原因及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随、结果状语时，通常放在句末；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首；作让步状语时，一般放在句首，有时也放在句末。 4．有些过去分词(短语)因来源于系表结构，作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。这样的过去分词(短语)常见的有：lost; seated; hidden; lost/absorbed in; dressed in; tired of。 5．过去分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致，如果不一致，则应在分词前加上自身的主语，这种带有自身主语的过去分词结构被称为过去分词的独立主格结构。 [名师点津] (1)过去分词(短语)与现在分词(短语)作状语的区别：过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表示被动；现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表示主动。 ①Used for a long time, the book looks old. ②Using the book, I find it very useful. (2)无论是现在分词还是过去分词，其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致。如果不一致，则必须用状语从句、独立主格结构等其他表达形式。 If caught, the police will punish the thief.( ) If caught, the thief will be punished by the police.( ) If the thief is caught, the police will punish the thief.( ) × √ √ [对点练]　 (1)用所给词的适当形式填空 ①That didn't go as _________(plan). But, I tried my best. ②_________(raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star. ③It is said that about 20% of 25－34-year-olds live with their parents, __________(compare) with 16% in 1991. ④_________(found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art. planned Raised compared Founded ⑤___________(translate) into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order. ⑥_______(see) from the mountain, the city looks much more beautiful. ⑦The president of the company came to the factory, _________ (follow) by some workers. Translated Seen followed (2)用独立主格结构作状语改写句子 ⑧After the lecture was given, a lively question-and-answer session followed. →________________, a lively question-and-answer session followed. ⑨The factory produced many famous cars, none of which were shipped to foreign countries. →The factory produced many famous cars, ______________________ _________________. ⑩Because extra money was given to the poor, he felt very happy. →____________________________, he felt very happy. The lecture given none of them shipped to foreign countries Extra money given to the poor 03 应用中融通 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．_______(give) another 10 days, we are sure to complete repairing the machine. 2．_______(fill) with shame, the boy lowered his head, ready for the punishment from his dad. 3．When first ___________(introduce) to the market, these new products in their company enjoyed a great success. 4．_________(locate) in the central district, the hotel offers the best service with the lowest price. Given Filled introduced Located 5．_____________(surround) by a river, the park had a central pond with flowers floating in it. 6．_____________(disappoint) at failing in the math exam, John wouldn't like to talk about it to his parents. 7．Everyone present is very __________(inspire) at his speech. 8．As we joined the big crowd, I got _____(lose) from my friends. Surrounded Disappointed inspired lost Ⅱ.完成句子 1．______________________________, he has no time to relax. 由于专心于科学研究事业，他没有时间放松。 2．____________________________, I am writing to apply for the chance. 旨在成为一名志愿者，我写信申请这个机会。 3．________________________________, the dictionary has been popular with readers ever since it came out two years ago. 由于被三位语言专家编辑，这本词典自从两年前出版以来就一直受读者欢迎。 Absorbed in his science research Aiming to become a volunteer Edited by three language experts 4．_____________________, we jumped and cheered with joy. 沐浴在阳光下，我们高兴地欢呼雀跃。 5．______________________________________, Andy has a chance to become famous. 由于得到了一部新电影里的重要角色，安迪有机会出名了。 6．There is clear evidence that children who take music lessons develop a better memory ______________________________________ ___________. 有明显的证据证明，与那些没受过音乐训练的孩子相比，上音乐课的孩子有更好的记忆力。 Bathed in the sunshine Offered an important role in a new movie compared with those who have no musical training 7．When _________________, in whatever form, we react both mentally and physically. 当不管以什么形式暴露在压力之下时，我们都会从精神和身体上作出反应。 8．__________, such a chance might never come again. 一旦失去，这样的机会可能永远不会再来了。 exposed to stress Once lost 04 课时跟踪检测 Ⅰ.阅读理解 Why do people listen to music? The answer may seem simple: Music is pleasant to make and to hear. But music touches our lives in many other ways, too. Music changes our mood My brother doesn't choose music based on what he wants to hear. Instead, he decides what he wants to feel and picks music with that mood in mind. Upbeat, bright-sounding music generally makes people feel happy. But some people enjoy listening to sad music, too. It can be like talking with a friend who understands your suffering. But for some people, sad music can make them feel even sadder. Music helps us get things done Do you ever listen to music while you work? I do, and I find that it sometimes helps me concentrate. According to one expert, music can help you pay attention during boring or repeated tasks. But when you are doing tasks that require more thought, music can disturb you, making them harder. My mom, a preschool teacher, uses music to manage her classroom. When she wants to call a child, instead of yelling the child's name, she sings it. This creates a more positive environment, while still getting the child's attention. Music brings people together Music can also bring people closer to each other. This is especially true of music played live. Live music often features a group of people playing different instruments which makes it a shared experience. Listeners can share the emotions the song expresses. They also create memories together. And speaking of memories, lots of people connect music with specific places, people or events. Whenever they hear a certain song, they are transported back to some point in the past. Thus music can connect people not only to people who are present but also to people from their past. Music is far more than just entertainment; it is a powerful force that affects us in many ways. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了人们听音乐的原因，以及音乐在许多方面影响着我们的生活。 1．Why do some people enjoy sad music? A．It can get their attention. B．It makes them feel happy. C．It can be like talking with a friend. D．It makes them feel sadder. 解析：细节理解题。根据Music changes our mood部分中的“It can be like talking with a friend who understands your suffering.”可知，有些人喜欢悲伤的音乐，是因为这就像和朋友聊天一样。 √ 2．Listening to music disturbs you when _______. A．you are doing repeated tasks B．the tasks are boring C．you are doing easy tasks D．the tasks require more thought 解析：细节理解题。根据Music helps us get things done部分中的“But when you are doing tasks that require more thought, music can disturb you, making them harder.”可知，当工作需要更多的思考时，听音乐会打扰你。 √ 3．What's the author's attitude to music? A．Positive. B．Doubtful. C．Uncertain. D．Negative. √ 解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段的内容可知，音乐不仅仅是娱乐；它是一种强大的力量，在许多方面影响着我们。由此可推知，作者对音乐的态度是积极的。 Ⅱ.完形填空 It's been said the power is in your hands to become anything you want to become. For Dewitt resident Jerome Schafer, that's 4 ！ Schafer is a builder by trade, but his other 5 is letting his hands dance across a piano keyboard. For the last six years, Schafer has been 6 the residents of Clinton County's Gunnisonville Meadows Assisted Living Center to 7 some of the “classics”， as he calls them.“I'm playing a lot of songs. I 8 many years to the 30s, 40s and like that，” he said. Joe Smith is a 9 listener.“He plays here every Wednesday.I wouldn't miss it，” Smith said.“He 10 about 10：30 in the morning and plays until 11：30.” Anita Iocco says listening to Schafer play is the 11 of her week.“I wouldn't miss it. I always 12 of being here，” she said. Schafer has been playing music since he was 14 years old, and 80 years later, he is still playing.He says he hasn't had any formal 13 lessons and doesn't read music. His granddaughter, Nicole Yabs, drives him to and from the 14 concert. Yabs says Wednesdays with her 15 are her favorite part of the week. “I don't think a lot of people 16 the time that they spend with their grandparents, but I know that I 17 value that，” she said. Schafer says he'll keep playing as long as he can. “I 18 seeing the people enjoying it, so that's enough for me，” he said. 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了德威特建筑工人杰罗姆·谢弗把一生的时间都花在了演奏他喜欢的古典音乐上，这体现了人有能力掌控自己的命运，成为任何想成为的人。 4．A.true B．fantastic C．initial D．ideal √ 解析：根据下文“Schafer is a builder by trade, but his other _____ is letting his hands dance across a piano keyboard.”可知，谢弗的故事印证了文章的第一句话：人有能力掌控自己的命运，成为想成为的人。 5．A.career B．quality C．talent D．budget √ 解析：根据下文“letting his hands dance across a piano keyboard”可知，对建筑工人谢弗来说，弹奏钢琴是他的另一项才能。 6．A.treating B．visiting C．leading D．following √ 解析：根据下文“the residents of Clinton County's Gunnisonville Meadows Assisted Living Center”可知，谢弗应该是一直在拜访那里的居民们。 7．A.teach B．learn C．read D．play √ 解析：根据下文“I'm playing a lot of songs.”可知，他是在演奏音乐。play为原词复现。 8．A.go back B．put on C．take off D．look forward √ 解析：根据下文“to the 30s, 40s”可知，此处指回到三四十年代。 9．A.choosy B．sympathetic C．professional D．regular √ 解析：根据下文“‘He plays here every Wednesday.I wouldn't miss it，’ Smith said.”可知，史密斯每周三都去听演奏，所以他是一位固定的听众。 10．A.sings B．comes C．waits D．rests √ 解析：根据下文“about 10：30 in the morning and plays until 11：30”可知，这里指谢弗上午10：30左右过来，然后一直演奏到 11：30。 11．A.application B．preparation C．highlight D．responsibility √ 解析：根据下文“‘I wouldn't miss it. I always _______ of being here，’ she said.”可知，安妮塔·伊奥科非常喜欢听谢弗的演奏，所以听演奏的那个时间段是最令她激动的时候。 12．A.lose control B．take a note C．keep track D．make a point √ 解析：根据上文“I wouldn't miss it.”可知，只要谢弗演奏，安妮塔·伊奥科就会特意去听。make a point“特意；故意”。 13．A.piano B．tennis C．cooking D．trade √ 解析：根据上文“but his other _______ is letting his hands dance across a piano keyboard”可知，谢弗没有上过正式的钢琴课。 14．A.classical B．evening C．weekly D．closing √ 解析：根据上文“He plays here every Wednesday.”可知，谢弗的钢琴弹奏是每周一次。 15．A.mother B．grandmother C．father D．grandfather √ 解析：根据上文“His granddaughter”可知，谢弗是妮可·亚布斯的祖父。 16．A.appreciate B．waste C．keep D．need √ 解析：根据下文“the time that they spend with their grandparents”可知，这里指很多人不懂得珍惜和祖父母在一起的时间。 17．A.properly B．definitely C．easily D．secretly √ 解析：根据上文“but”和下文“value”可知，上下文是转折关系，其他很多人不懂得珍惜和祖父母在一起的时间，而妮可却很重视。 18．A.avoid B．admit C．enjoy D．remember √ 解析：根据下文“seeing the people enjoying it, so that's enough for me”可知，当谢弗看到有人喜欢他的演奏时，他是很享受的。 Ⅲ.语法填空(15分) Peking Opera is a form of Chinese operas 19._________(combine) music, vocal performances, dance and so on.It 20. _________(arise) in the late 18th century and became 21. _________(full) developed and recognised by the mid-19th century.The form was extremely popular in 22. _________ Qing Dynasty court and has come to be regarded as one of the 23. _________(culture) treasures of China.Major performance troupes (剧团；戏班子) are based in Beijing and Tianjin in the north, and Shanghai in the south.Also 24. _________(preserve) in other cities, the art form is still of great importance to people there. 25．_________(perform) of Peking Opera use the skills of speech, song, dance, and combat in movements that are symbolic and suggestive.Above all else, the skill of performers 26. _________(evaluate) according to the beauty of their movements.The music of Peking Opera can be divided 27. _________ the Xipi and Erhuang styles.The repertoire (全部曲目) of Peking Opera includes over 1,400 works, 28. _________ characters are based on Chinese history, folklore, and increasingly, contemporary life. 语篇解读：本文介绍了中国戏曲的一种形式——京剧，它结合了音乐、有声表演、舞蹈等多种表演形式，是中华文化的瑰宝。 19．combining　考查非谓语动词。根据谓语动词is以及前后没有连词，可以判断此处用非谓语动词形式。京剧和结合是主动关系，故填combining。 20．arose　考查动词时态。它出现于18世纪后期，在19世纪中期得到了充分的发展和认同。根据时间判断用一般过去时，故填arose。 21．fully　考查副词。此处用副词修饰动词，故填fully。 22．the　考查冠词。朝代是专有名词，它前面要用定冠词表示特指，故填the。 23．cultural　考查形容词。此处用形容词修饰名词，故填cultural。 24．preserved　考查非谓语动词。根据逗号得知动词用非谓语动词形式，作状语，艺术形式和保护是被动关系，故填preserved。 25．Performers　考查名词复数。根据use得知主语要用复数名词，此处意为“表演者”，故填Performers。 26．is evaluated　考查动词的时态和语态。主语“技巧”和谓语“评判”是被动关系，故填is evaluated。 27．into　考查介词。be divided into表示“被分成”，故填into。 28．whose　考查定语从句。先行词是works“作品”，在定语从句中作characters的定语，故填whose。 本课结束 更多精彩内容请登录：www.zghkt.cn $