Unit 1 Section Ⅵ 单元回顾与盘点-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册配套课件PPT（人教版）

单元回顾与盘点 Section Ⅵ 单元仿真验收性评价 课时跟踪检测 Contents 目录 01 02 2 (一)词汇分类汇总 主题语境词汇 1　严谨的科学研究　 1．________ adj.　　　 极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的 2．_______________ 最终地；彻底地 3．____________ adj. 相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的 4．___________ vi. 认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费) 5．_____________ 同意；赞同 6．________ n. 证据；证明；检验 severe once and for all contradictory subscribe subscribe to proof 7．_________ adj. 数量多的；多种多样的 8．_________ vt.&vi. 怀疑；疑有；不信任 n. 犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象 9．________ vt. 把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n. 责备；指责 10．________ n. 把手；拉手；柄 vt. 处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等) 11．____________ n. 介入；出面；干涉 multiple suspect blame handle intervention 12．_______ n. 联系；纽带 vt. 把……连接起来；相关联 13．___________ adj. 大量的；价值巨大的；重大的 14．__________ n. 减少；降低；减少量 vt.&vi. 减少；减小；降低 15．___________ 幸亏；由于 16．__________ n．[pl.-s] 统计数字；统计资料；统计学 17．__________ vt. 使改观；使改变形态 vi. 改变；转变 link substantial decrease thanks to statistic transform 18．________ n. 思想；思维；见解 19．________ n. 混凝土 adj. 混凝土制的；确实的；具体的 20．_________ n. 概念；观念 thinking concrete concept 主题语境词汇 2　对流行性疾病的研究　 1．__________ adj. 懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的 2．________ n. 感染；传染 3．________ vt. 使感染；传染 4．__________ 水泵 5．__________ n. 一家人；家庭；同住一所(套)房子的人 6．_____ adj. 未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的 frustrated infection infect water pump household raw 7．______ adj. 干净的；纯的；纯粹的 8．___________ n. 显微镜 9．_________ n. 蛋白质 10．_____ n. 细胞；小房间；单间牢房 11．______ n. 病毒 12．_______ n. 发现；调查结果；(法律)判决 13．________ adj. 最初的；开始的；第一的 pure microscope protein cell virus finding initial 14．___________ n. 框架；结构 15．_______ adj. 可靠的；固体的；坚实的 n. 固体 16．_______ vt. 投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投掷 17．_______ n. 阴影；影子；背光处 18．______ vt. 倒出；倾泻；斟(饮料) 19．_______________ 患(病)；染上(小病) framework solid cast shadow pour come down with 20．_________ adj. 抽象的；理论上的 n. (文献等的)摘要 21．________ n. 弱点；过错 22．________ n. 改变；转换；轮班 vi.&vt. 转移；挪动；转向 abstract fault shift 主题语境词汇 3　科学家　 1．__________ n. 航空航天工业 2．__________ adj. 爱国的 3．__________ adj. 机械的；发动机的；机器的 4．__________ n. 机械师；机械修理工 5．__________ 突然开始；爆发 6．_________ n. 航空制造业；航空；飞行 aerospace patriotic mechanical mechanic break out aviation 7．_______ vt. 保卫；防守；辩解 8．________ n. 助理；助手 9．___________ 主管；掌管 10．________ n. 导弹 11．___________ n. 领导；领导地位；领导才能 12．_______ vt. 追溯；追踪；查出 n. 痕迹；遗迹；踪迹 13．____________ adj. 优秀的；杰出的；明显的 defend assistant in charge of missile leadership trace outstanding 14．________ adj. 有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的 15．___________n. 天文学家 16．_________ n. 天文学 17．__________ 最重要的是；尤其是 18．_________ adj. 生动的；鲜明的；丰富的 gifted astronomer astronomy above all vivid (二)经典句式再现 1．so ...that ...引导结果状语从句 He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was _____________________________________in ten days.他发现霍乱疫情在两条街道上尤为严重，十天内就有500多人死亡。 2.be likely to do The people who drank this water ____________________________ cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water.与饮用纯净水或开水的人相比，饮用被污染的水的人更容易染上霍乱。 so severe that more than 500 people died were much more likely to get 3.make＋宾语＋宾语补足语 However, what might _____________________________________ _________________was probably his strong interest in other things, such as music and drawing. 然而，他之所以能成为一名如此杰出、富有创造力的科学家，可能是因为他对音乐、绘画等其他事物的浓厚兴趣。 have made him such an outstanding and creative scientist 4.what引导的宾语从句 He was willing to say__________________________, and to dream of_______________________________________. 他敢说别人不敢说的话，做别人不敢做的梦。 what others were afraid to say what others were afraid to dream about (三)习悟佳句，攻克表达薄弱点 “人物介绍”类佳句积累 1．Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China's aerospace science than Qian Xuesen.也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。 2．Born in Shanghai in 1911, Qian attended schools in Beijing and then entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study Railway Mechanical Engineering. 钱学森1911年生于上海，在北京上学，后来考入上海交通大学，学习铁道机械工程。 3．Over the course of the 1930s and 1940s, Qian became a pioneer in American jet and rocket technology. 二十世纪三四十年代，钱学森成为美国喷气式飞机和火箭技术的先驱人物。 4．Because much of the technology behind the Shenzhou spacecraft can also be traced back to Qian's research, Qian earned the name of “the father of China's aerospace”． 由于“神舟”系列火箭的大部分技术也可追根溯源到钱学森的研究，因此钱学森被誉为“中国航天之父”。 主题思维与表达 (一)根据以下图片信息，回答相关问题。 Albert Einstein　 Jane Goodall　　Tu Youyou 1．What's the topic of the pictures above? The topic of the pictures above is about “Some famous scientists who have made contributions to mankind”． 2．Can you say something about their achievements？(The answers may vary.) ①Albert Einstein is one of the 20th century's greatest scientists.He is best known for his Theory of Relativity.He was fond of music, and said that he could find peace in music.Albert Einstein was a peace-loving person, giving little thought to money, and he devoted a lot of his time and energy to working for human rights and progress. ②Jane Goodall is a world-famous zoologist, who graduated from Cambridge University. She devoted most of her time to studying chimps. She gained many honours. She inspires those who want to celebrate the achievements of women. ③Tu Youyou is a Chinese medical scientist. The discovery of artemisinin and its use in treating malaria are regarded as a significant breakthrough. For her work, in 2015, she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. She is the first native Chinese female scientist ever to win the Nobel Prize. (二)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给问题续写文章，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The school festival was buzzing with excitement, all because of a new contest called “Innovate Your Way”. This contest was all about making a costume that was as unique and creative as possible, showcasing what one loves the most. Lily Adams was surrounded by classmates with cool ideas.One classmate said excitedly, “I'm going to be the whole solar system, with planets circling around me！” One boasted (吹嘘), “I'll redefine innovation.I will become a walking smartphone of the future, showing the digital age with interactive apps and games.” Meanwhile, another one came up with the idea to dress up as a live weather forecast.He planned to attach LED screens to his outfit, displaying different weather patterns.This costume would not just show the weather but also change with real-time updates, combining technology and creativity in a way the festival had never seen. Feeling overwhelmed, Lily wasn't sure what to do.Her friends had such amazing ideas, and she hadn't even picked a costume yet.She shared her worries with her friend Noah, saying, “I can't make up my mind.Every idea seems too hard to do or just not exciting enough.” Noah, always wise, had a great suggestion.“Why don't you make a costume about gardening? You love it, and it's something unique to you，” he said.Lily was unsure because the contest was just a few days away.“I don't know if there's enough time to make something like that from the beginning，” she worried.But Noah encouraged her, “You have a special talent for making something wonderful out of simple things.Use what's around you.” Inspired by Noah's words, Lily thought over her collection of plants and flowers.Arriving home, she noticed the pile of old gardening magazines and a forgotten green tarp (防水布) in the garage. As Lily looked through the magazines, an idea began to take root ... Paragraph 1：What would Lily do? How would she use her collection of plants and flowers to make a costume? How would she feel when making it? She would create a costume that showcased her love for gardening! She quickly gathered all the materials she needed — leaves, flowers, and even some small plants.With Noah's advice in mind, she started to work on her costume, carefully arranging the plants and flowers to create a beautiful garden scene.It was hard work, but Lily loved every minute of it.She spent hours perfecting her creation, adding little details here and there until it was just right. Paragraph 2: What do you think would happen when the day of the contest finally arrived? Would Lily's costume attract the judges? Would Lily win first place in the contest? How would she feel after the contest? The day of the contest finally arrived.Lily was nervous as she walked onto the stage, but as soon as she saw the look of amazement on the judges' faces, she knew she had made the right choice.Her costume was unlike anything anyone had ever seen before.It was a living, breathing garden, complete with real plants and flowers.The judges were blown away by her creativity and originality, and Lily won first place in the contest! From that day on, Lily felt more confident about herself and in her abilities. 课时跟踪检测 01 单元语基回顾性盘查 Ⅰ.单词拼写(10分) (1)The setting sun _______(投射) an orange glow over the mountains. (2)It can be seen from the ________(统计数字) that exercise is good for us. (3)She was about to set off when a familiar _______(影子) suddenly came into her sight. cast statistics shadow (4)There was a vast distance between psychological clues and _________(具体的) proof. (5)It is certain that the number of smokers will further _________ (减少) gradually. (6)To be frank, the _______(最初的) results of the experiment were not as promising as expected. (7)He is always devoted to his work, and that's why he is ___________(优秀的)． concrete decrease initial outstanding (8)I often turned to my teachers for help.As a result, I have made ________(稳步的) progress in my studies. (9)Gently, she took hold of the door ________(把手) and turned it. (10)We _________(怀疑) that she is going to be transferred to another city. steady handle suspect Ⅱ.单句语法填空(16分) (11)With blood ________(pour) from his leg, he made it to a nearby house at last. (12)There are so many new words in the passage that I could hardly make sense _____it. (13)I'm old enough to handle my own affairs without my parents' ______________(intervene)． (14)They realize that it does not matter how attractive the idea ________(link) with the product is. pouring of intervention linked (15)Recent research provided solid proof that Mr Brown was __________(blame) for the accident. (16)If I am accepted as your teaching __________(assist), I will spare no effort to perform my duties. (17)He was disabled from birth, but he never felt ___________(frustrate), nor did he give in to his difficulties. (18)One theory is that the __________(infect) has been present in humans for a very long time. to blame assistant frustrated infection Ⅲ.选词填空(20分) once and for all， thanks to， break out， come down with， above all， subscribe to，in charge of，trace back to， be gifted for， blame ...for ... (19)____________ his encouragement, I finally realized my dream. (20)Children need many things, but ___________they need love. (21)She completely lost her hearing after __________________a fever. (22)Football enjoys universal popularity with a history ______________Ancient China. Thanks to above all coming down with tracing back to (23)A line of sweat ___________on her forehead and she thought she might faint. (24)All that evening she was upset and ________her brother _______her problem. (25)He ___________the English language and has acquired good listening and speaking skills. (26)This will help support the national efforts to get rid of the virus_______________. broke out blamed for is gifted for once and for all (27)My main reason for ______________this magazine is to keep up with advances in science. (28)Mr Zhang, as well as two young mechanics, was ____________ the project then. subscribing to in charge of Ⅳ.完成句子(10分) (29)That day was _________________________________in my memory forever. 那天是如此难忘，它将永远留在我的记忆中。 (30)_________________ plenty of fresh food contributes to health. 人们认为足够的新鲜食物有助于健康。 (31)Being a good teacher is _______________________students with knowledge _____________________with rules. 作为一名好老师，不仅要教给学生知识，还要用规则来指导他们。 so unforgettable that it would stay It is believed that not only about equipping but also guiding them (32)There is _____________________________on my back on the grassland, staring at the night sky. 没有什么比平躺在草地上，凝视着夜空更快乐的了。 (33)____________________________________, he just shook his head.当他被问到是否要点别的东西时，他只是摇了摇头。 no greater pleasure than lying When asked if he wanted anything else 02 单元仿真验收性评价 (时间：100分钟 满分：120分） 第一部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The winners of the year's Earthshot Prize were announced.The prize is meant to encourage new ideas and rapid action to help protect the planet.Below are parts of the year's prize-winning projects in each category. Protect and Restore Nature Kheyti won the prize for protecting and restoring nature with its “Greenhouse-in-a-box” idea.Kheyti is already working with 1,000 farmers across India, which is one of the most climate-affected countries in the world.The company says the greenhouses allow farmers to use 90% less water and produce seven times as much food.Kheyti hopes to get its greenhouses to 50,000 farmers by 2027. Clean Our Air Charlot Magayi won the prize for cleaning the air.Ms Magayi developed a stove (炉子) that uses a fuel that's cheaper and pollutes far less than charcoal stoves.Currently, over 200,000 of her Clean Stoves are being used in Kenya. Build a Waste-Free World A London-based company called Notpla(for “Not Plastic”)won the prize for building a waste-free world.They've created a plastic substitute (替代品) from plants found in the ocean.Unlike most plastic, their products break down naturally with no microplastics.Notpla believes their products can help end the plastic pollution that's filling landfills and polluting oceans. Fix Our Climate The Earthshot Prize for working toward fixing our climate went to a company called 44.01 from Oman. 44.01 has come up with a way to turn polluting carbon dioxide(CO2)into a rock called peridotite.Once the CO2 has been turned into rock, it can no longer be released into the atmosphere again.The method that 44.01 uses is fast, cheap and permanent. 语篇解读：本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了“为地球奋斗奖”各类别获奖项目的部分内容。 √ 1．What is the aim of the Earthshot Prize? A．To offer practical advice on global warming. B．To find solutions to the environmental problems. C．To develop a strategic partnership with all parties. D．To encourage literary creations of the British people. 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“The prize is meant ...planet.”以及下文的各个小标题可知，“为地球奋斗奖”的目的是找到保护地球的方法。故选B项。 √ 2．Where are Kheyti's greenhouses widely used? A．In India. B．In Kenya. C．In the UK. D．In Oman. 解析：细节理解题。根据Protect and Restore Nature中的“Kheyti is already working ...the world.”可知，Kheyti的温室项目在印度各地都有进行。故选A项。 √ 3．What do Charlot Magayi and 44.01 have in common? A．They want to build a waste-free world. B．Their projects are directly good for farmers. C．Their achievements benefit the air cleaning. D．They use plants from the ocean in their products. 解析：细节理解题。根据Clean Our Air的内容和Fix Our Climate中的“The Earthshot ...peridotite.”可知，Charlot Magayi和44.01的共同之处是其成就都有利于空气净化，并因此而得奖。故选C项。 B Scientists have made great discoveries. But how have they influenced our personal lives? Do kids in your classroom even know when Einstein lived? You may be wondering: but why is it important to teach kids about modern-day scientists? First, stories of scientists can encourage kids. Chris Hadfield is a Canadian who went to space, and he's a real guitar-playing person. He makes singing videos on the Internet! His story can make kids think scientists are also common people. Hearing scientists' stories makes kids think “I can do that too！” But not only that, the stories of famous scientists can encourage kids to never give up. Bill Nye was always refused when trying to be an astronaut. But today, he's made a lot of successes in his role as a popular science educator and engineer. Besides, it's no secret that scientific discoveries require trying, and trying again. Another way some scientists can encourage kids is through their diversity (多样性). Neil deGrasse Tyson, for example, is an African-American, which is not common in his field. Such stories can make kids think anyone can be a scientist. It's important to know that scientists don't need to be “gifted” or “good” at school. Often we consider a scientist as being an extremely smart kid at school. That doesn't have to be true. They just need to have a great interest in science. Telling students stories of scientists can encourage them to show interest in science. As long as they're interested, they are likely to become scientists in the future. Modern scientists teach kids that knowledge builds upon the foundation (基础) others have laid. This is important — no one can do it alone. Scientists' stories can encourage today's young scientists to keep trying. They'll be encouraged not to give up on the dream of making discoveries. Even if they haven't made important discoveries, their research may help the following scientists. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了用科学家的故事来教育孩子所带来的积极影响。 √ 4．What can Chris Hadfield's story tell students? A．Scientists are interested in different things. B．Students should have a hobby of their own. C．Scientists can be ordinary like people around us. D．Students should consider scientists as their models. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“His story can make kids think scientists are also common people.”可知，Chris Hadfield的故事告诉学生们：科学家跟我们周围的人一样都是普通人。 √ 5．Which of the following would the author agree with? A．African-Americans are more likely to become scientists. B．Scientists are not necessarily very smart at school. C．Not all scientists really show interest in science. D．Scientists are usually good at their schooling. 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第三段和倒数第二段中的“Often we consider a scientist as being an extremely smart kid at school. That doesn't have to be true.”可推知，作者会同意：科学家不一定是在学校里很聪明的孩子。 √ 6．What does the last paragraph show us? A．Scientists should help each other. B．A scientist should never give up trying. C．Making discoveries is necessary for scientists. D．New scientific discoveries may depend on others' findings. 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Modern scientists teach kids that knowledge builds upon the foundation others have laid.”和下文内容可知，该段主要介绍新的科学发现可能是以别人的发现为基础的这一观点。 √ 7．What is the text mainly about? A．Why scientists are important to us. B．Why scientists can encourage students. C．Why students love stories of scientists. D．Why students should be taught about scientists. 解析：主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了用科学家的故事来教育孩子所带来的积极影响。 C Despite their threatened situation, the fact that hippos (河马) are active during the night and aggressive has made it very difficult for scientists to actually study them.To solve this problem, scientists had to get creative.They found that using low-cost drones (无人机) to observe the hippos not only made studying them easier but provided more accurate data as well. In the study, published in the journal PLOS One, scientists explore how using low-cost drones may improve not only the safety of such observations but the quality of data collected as well.The study was conducted in Botswana over a seven-day period and used a drone to catch aerial footage (空中镜头) of the hippos. While the sample size of this experiment was fairly small, the researchers are enthusiastic about the possibilities of such an approach in the future and hope it can be used for further hippo protection and research. Drone data could be routinely collected in different river systems, providing a guide to the numbers in hippo habitats, seasonal changes and the ability for the scientists to track the long-term situation of hippo populations.The study shows that small, commercially available drones are a simple, affordable and effective method for wildlife protection organizations to monitor threatened species. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。科学家使用低成本的无人机来研究河马，这种新方法不仅使研究变得更容易，而且提供了更准确的数据。 √ 8．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 1 refer to? A．The threatened situation.　 B．The fact. C．To actually study hippos. D．To get active. 解析：代词指代题。根据第一段首句可知，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是“to actually study them”。由此可知，“it”指的是“实际研究河马”这件事。 √ 9．What's the main purpose of the text? A．To show the threatened situation of hippos. B．To introduce a new way of studying hippos. C．To advertise a type of drones. D．To describe features of hippos. 解析：写作意图题。根据第一段尾句和第二段“scientists explore how using low-cost drones may improve not only the safety of such observations but the quality of data collected as well”可知，文章的主要写作目的是介绍一种使用无人机研究河马的新方法。 √ 10．What do we know about drones in the text? A．They are expensive. B．They are dangerous. C．They can make the research easier and safer. D．They can be found in the journal PLOS One. 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段尾句和第二段“scientists explore how using low-cost drones may improve not only the safety of such observations but the quality of data collected as well”可知，无人机可以使研究河马变得更容易、更安全。 √ 11．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Drones make it difficult to monitor hippos. B．Drones conduct research better than scientists. C．People can never track the situation of hippos. D．The drone data is effective for wildlife protection. 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“The study shows that small, commercially available drones are a simple, affordable and effective method for wildlife protection organizations to monitor threatened species.”可知，通过无人机获得的数据对野生动物保护很有效。 D We live in an age when all scientific knowledge — from the safety of vaccines (疫苗) to the reality of climate change — faces organized and often angry opposition.Doubters have declared war on the consensus (共识) of experts.It seems that people have turned argumentative overnight. In a sense, all this is not surprising.Our lives are affected by science and technology as never before.The world seems full of real and imaginary dangers.Though scientists agree that the Ebola virus is spread only by direct contact with blood or body fluids (液体), if you type “airborne Ebola” into an Internet search engine, you'll find that some people believe that this virus has almost supernatural power. In this often confusing world, we need to rely on science to decide whether what we choose to believe has a basis in the laws of nature or not.But science doesn't come naturally to most of us.Science has often led us to truths that are really mind-blowing.For example, although the roundness of the Earth has been known for thousands of years, some still feel it hard to accept. Even when people become scientifically educated, most of them still try to make sense of the world by relying on personal experience, stories or emotions rather than statistics.When they hear a number of cancer cases in a town with a dangerous waste dump (垃圾场), they believe pollution caused the cancers.Yet two things happening together doesn't mean one caused the other.Even when they turn to the Internet, they let in only the information they agree with to strengthen their belief that has already been shaped by their worldview. How can scientists convince doubters? Throwing more facts to people may not be enough.More efforts are supposed to be made. 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。现在，我们的生活前所未有地受到科学和技术的影响，但是即便已经有科学证实的事实，有些人还是会依赖个人经验。科学家该如何说服怀疑者？摆出更多的事实恐怕还不够。 √ 12．How does the author prove his opinions? A．Through comparison. B．Through quotation. C．By giving examples. D．By making definitions. 解析：写作手法题。通读第二段可知，该段通过举例说明埃博拉病毒的传播途径受到人们质疑；通读第四段可知，该段通过举例介绍小镇上有一些癌症病例时，人们会认为是垃圾场的污染导致了癌症，说明人们往往依赖个人经验或个人情感理解世界，而不是统计数据。由此可知，作者通过举例论证其观点。 √ 13．What does the underlined word “mind-blowing” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Unbelievable. B．Desirable. C．Dangerous. D．Obvious. 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段的尾句“For example, although ...it hard to accept.”可知，几千年来，尽管地球是圆的这一说法已经众所周知，但仍有人觉得难以接受。由此可知，科学发现的真理往往是让人难以置信的，故画线词的意思与A项最为接近。 √ 14．How do “people” in paragraph 4 understand the world? A．They apply logical thinking. B．They stick to their own belief. C．They form the views on assumptions. D．They rely on the information on the Internet. 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段第一句的内容可知，即使人们接受了科学教育，他们中的大多数人仍然试图依靠个人经验、故事或情感来理解世界，而不是统计数据。由此可以推知，他们坚持自己的看法。 √ 15．What's the text mainly about? A．How people view the world. B．What challenges science faces. C．Whether science is worth respect. D．Why people show disbelief in science. 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了有些人不相信科学的原因：虽然我们的生活前所未有地受到科学和技术的影响，但某些人还会依赖个人经验等。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Around 200 years ago, a well-known English poet called John Keats attacked science.He said that British scientist Isaac Newton had “unweaved (拆解) the rainbow”．Newton explained how light forms a rainbow.For Keats, this explanation meant rainbows could no longer be beautiful. ______We often hear people talk of problems with science, or say that it is boring.Some people, like Keats, also say that science takes away the beauty of the world.But is this fair? First of all, science helps us get things done. ______When you are studying science in school, remember that one day you might be using that knowledge to build a bridge, or save a life.Next time you use your phone to send a message, remember that this is possible thanks to science.When Keats criticized Newton, the very paper he wrote on was created through science.Beyond helping society and getting things done, science also makes us think in a certain way. ______It teaches us never to trust our assumptions.It teaches us that sometimes, the truth is stranger than fiction. 16 17 18 When you study science, remember what it means. _____Humans once looked up at rainbows, and said that they were beautiful.Science explained them, and they were no longer mysterious to us. ______Through science, we can find new rainbows: mysteries that lie beyond the stars themselves. 19 20 A．But discovery never stops. B．This is just one example of many. C．It is a constant search for truth and knowledge. D．It asks us to believe things only through evidence. E．Science is not so closely associated with our lives. F．It helps us understand the world in which we live and how it works. G．See science as a tool to discover how living things interact and evolve on Earth. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学的重要性、必要性以及科学发现无止境。 16．选B　上一段中列举出了诗人攻击科学的例子。根据空后一句可知，人们觉得用科学解释美丽的事物很无聊。该空承上启下，B选项“这只是众多例子中的一个”切题，选项中“This”指代上文中英国著名诗人John Keats攻击科学的例子。 17．选F　根据上文“First of all, science helps us get things done.”可知，该空承接上文，具体说明科学如何帮助我们做事，F选项“它帮助我们理解我们生活的世界和它是如何运作的”切题，且与空后一句话题一致，都是在说明科学在生活中的实际应用。 18．选D　根据空前一句可知，这里指出了科学让我们思考。根据空后一句可知，这里具体说明科学如何让我们思考。D选项“它要求我们只能通过证据来相信事情”切题，也是在具体说明科学如何让我们思考，且与下文句式相同。 19．选C　根据上文“When you study science, remember what it means.”和下文“Humans once looked up at rainbows, and said that they were beautiful.Science explained them, and they were no longer mysterious to us.”可知，该空承上启下，解释科学的真谛。故C选项“它是对真理和知识的不断追求”切题。 20．选A　根据空后一句可知，通过不断地探索，会有更多新的科学发现，即发现无止境。故A选项“但是发现从未停止”切题。 第二部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Stephen Glenn is a famous research scientist who has made several very important medical ______.When asked why he was able to be so much more ______than the average person, he responded that it all came from a(n) _______with his mother that occurred when he was a child. 21 22 23 Stephen tried to remove a bottle of milk from the refrigerator but spilled (泼出) it all over the kitchen floor.Instead of _____at him, giving him a lecture or chastising (指责) him, his mother said, “What a great and wonderful ______you've made! Would you like to get down and play in the milk for a few minutes _____we clean it up？” 24 25 26 Indeed, he did.Then, his mother said, “Stephen, whenever you make a mess like this, ______you have to clean it up.” And together they cleaned up the spilled milk.His mother then said, “You know, what we have here is a ______experiment in how to effectively carry a big milk bottle with two tiny hands.Let's see if you can discover a way to carry it without ______it.”The little boy learned if he grasped the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands, he could ______without dropping it.What a good ______to him! 27 28 29 30 31 This famous scientist said it was at that moment that he knew he didn't need to be afraid to make _____.Instead, he learned that mistakes were just ______for learning something new, which is, after all, what scientific ______are all about.Even if the experiment doesn't work, we usually learn something ______from it. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位著名的科学家在小时候和妈妈的一次经历，正是妈妈的鼓励和引导，他才懂得了人生应该从错误中学习，不要害怕犯错误。 32 33 34 35 √ 21．A.impressions　　　　　 B．breakthroughs C．promises D．intentions 解析：根据上文“Stephen Glenn is a famous research scientist”可知，Stephen Glenn取得了几个非常重要的医学突破(breakthroughs)。 √ 22．A.outgoing B．responsible C．warm-hearted D．creative 解析：根据上文“who has made several very important medical___________”可知，此处指他被问到为什么他能比一般人更有创造力(creative)。 √ 23．A.experience B．word C．argument D．adventure 解析：根据下文“that occurred when he was a child”可知，Stephen Glenn回应道他的创造力来自他小时候和妈妈的一次经历(experience)。 √ 24．A.looking B．yelling C．smiling D．glancing 解析：根据下文“giving him a lecture or chastising (指责) him”可知，Stephen Glenn的妈妈并没有对他大声吼叫(yelling)或指责他。 √ 25．A.discovery B．mess C．change D．joke 解析：根据下文“whenever you make a mess like this”可知，妈妈告诉Stephen Glenn，说他制造了一个伟大而美妙的混乱(mess)。 √ 26．A.when B．as C．after D．before 解析：妈妈问在把牛奶清理干净之前(before)，Stephen Glenn是否愿意在牛奶里玩几分钟。 √ 解析：妈妈告诉Stephen Glenn无论什么时候搞得像这样一团糟，最终(eventually)都必须清理干净。 27．A.gradually B．initially C．eventually D．constantly √ 解析：他们做了一次关于如何有效地用两只小手拿着一个大奶瓶的实验，但实验失败了(failed)。 28．A.successful B．failed C．completed D．useless √ 解析：根据下文“he could________without dropping it”可知，他们在尝试找到一种能拿瓶子又不掉(dropping)的方法。 29．A.shaking B．dropping C．lifting D．touching √ 解析：　根据上文“The little boy learned if he grasped the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands”可知，Stephen Glenn发现了成功做到(make it)的方法。 30．A.make up B．make off C．make it D．make sense √ 解析：这对他是多么好的一课(lesson)啊！ 31．A.attitude B．apology C．project D．lesson √ 解析：根据下文“Instead, he learned that mistakes ...”可知，那时他知道了不必害怕犯错(mistakes)。 32．A.efforts B．plans C．mistakes D．decisions √ 解析：相反，他意识到错误只是学习新东西的机会(chances)。 33．A.requirements B．routines C．chances D．goals √ 解析：根据下文“Even if the experiment doesn't work”可知，此处指科学实验(experiments)。 34．A.achievements B．approaches C．seminars D．experiments √ 解析：根据上文“he learned that mistakes were just ________for learning something new”可知，即使实验不成功，我们通常也能从中学到一些有价值的(valuable)东西。 35．A.valuable B．ambiguous C．familiar D．abstract 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The best way to learn something is to make mistakes first.Thomas Edison, 36._________ invented the light bulb, always believed 37.__________ (fail) and false starts were the condition of success.In fact, 38.___________ surprising number of everyday objects had their beginnings in a mistake or a misunderstanding.Post-it notes, packets of crisps and even bread are all unexpected inventions. 39._________ 2600 BC, a tired Egyptian slave invented 40.__________ is now called bread when the dough (面团) rose during his sleep.And crisps were first cooked by a cook in the US when a customer suggested his fried potatoes be 41. __________ (thin) than they were. In 1968, Spencer Silver was trying to develop a strong glue when he accidentally invented a very weak glue instead.His colleague, Art Fry, decided to use it six years later, in 1974, to have his bookmarks 42. __________ (hold) in his books and the post-it note was invented. Successful business people have often made big, expensive mistakes in their past.When an employee of IBM made a mistake that cost the company $600,000, Thomas Watson, the chairman, 43. __________ (ask) if he would fire the man.“No，” he replied.“I have just spent $600,000 44. __________ (train) him.I won't let another company benefit from the experience.” The important thing to remember is that you need to learn from your mistakes.45. __________you don't, then there is no point making them. 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章通过一系列案例告诉我们：许多成功的事情都是从失败中孕育出来的。不要害怕失败，要从失败中学习。 36．who　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Thomas Edison，且在从句中作主语。故填who。 37．failures　考查名词复数。空处与“false starts”并列作主语。故填failures。 38．a　考查冠词。句意：事实上，相当多的日常用品都是从错误及误解中孕育出来的。固定搭配a number of意为“很多”，且surprising的读音以辅音音素开头。故填a。 39．In　考查介词。表示“在哪一年”应用介词in。此处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填In。 40．what　考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作主语，表示“……的东西”。故填what。 41．thinner　考查形容词比较级。than为表示比较含义的连词，应用形容词的比较级。故填thinner。 42．held　考查非谓语动词。此处为固定结构have sth.done。故填held。 43．was asked　考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，Thomas Watson与ask之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；又因为事情发生在过去，因此应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was asked。 44．training　考查非谓语动词。spend time/money doing sth.意为“花费时间/金钱做某事”。故填training。 45．If　考查连词。上文提到“重要的是，你要从错误中学习”，而下文则提到“没有从错误中学到东西，犯错就没有意义”，由此判断这是一个条件状语从句。故填If。 第三部分：写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 我校近期将举办一场以科学精神(scientific spirit)为主题的演讲比赛， 请你写一篇参赛发言稿。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 　参考范文： A man of the soil It's my great honour today to deliver a speech on scientific spirit.From my point of view, devotion and determination contribute the most to a scientist's success. Yuan Longping, a man of the soil, is the best example.As he once said, “My lifelong pursuit is to keep all the people away from hunger.” To realize this dream, he devoted all his life to the soil to boost yields in the field.Although no one thought it could be done, he never lost heart to tackle this challenge.Having overcome varieties of difficulties, he finally found the answer in hybrid rice. Thanks to his scientific spirit, today not just China but many other countries have basically solved the hunger problem. 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Hats in York Whoosh! The cold wind roared through the trees and between buildings.Winter was on its way.Susan was warm in her house, thinking about an article she'd read at school.The article had been about kids who helped out their communities, and she thought it would be really cool to help her own town, York. The only problem was that she wasn't sure how to help.What did her town need a kid to do? In the article, the kids had grown food for people who needed food, but it was winter.She couldn't start a garden.Susan was still deep in thought when her mom said it was time to go grocery shopping. As they drove along the road, Susan saw a family walking on the sidewalk, wearing only light jackets.How cold they must be, Susan thought.That gave her an idea! She could help her town, and she could collect winter coats, hats, and gloves for people in York who needed them. She shared her idea with her mom, who thought it was a great idea.But how would they spread the word so that they could get a lot of winter clothing? They decided to call the project “Hats in York”， and they wrote a letter explaining the idea that people could drop off their winter clothing in the park to those in need to the families.Her mom asked Susan to talk to her teacher, Mrs Monroe, because then Mrs Monroe could share her idea with her classmates at least. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Susan and Mrs Monroe met one day during lunch time. Three days after their field trip to the park, Susan and her mom were driving once again. 参考范文： Susan and Mrs Monroe met one day during lunch time.Mrs Monroe was thrilled with the idea, and said she would make sure copies of the letter went home with all the students in the class! Susan burst into tears and held her arms tightly with excitement, “Great! We start right now！” They collected the winter clothing for a few weeks, then were able to take their field trip to two parks in the area to leave the clothes where families who needed them could get them. Three days after their field trip to the park，Susan and her mom were driving once again.She saw the same family walking together that had given her the idea for Hats in York.This time, though, the family looked nice and warm in some new coats, hats, and gloves.Seeing this, her mom smiled to her, “Sweetie, you did a wonderful job！” Susan felt a warm glow in her heart, and was very glad she could help her community. 本课结束 更多精彩内容请登录：www.zghkt.cn $