Unit 12 Section 3 “Scientific Breakthroughs”的新知学习环节-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册配套课件PPT（北师大版）

该高中英语课件围绕“科学突破”主题，系统涵盖词汇、短语及句型学习，通过“课前词汇默写”分阅读单词认知、重点单词书写、活用单词变形等层次，搭建从基础到运用的学习支架，帮助学生构建知识脉络。 其亮点在于以核心素养为导向，通过“核心词汇突破”的用法感知与应用融会提升语言能力，“重点句式解构”的句法训练与仿写培养思维品质，如含蓄虚拟条件句的转换训练。随堂检测中的主题微写作任务，助力学生学以致用，既帮助学生系统掌握语言知识，也为教师提供结构化教学方案，提升教学效率。

“Scientific Breakthroughs” 的新知学习环节 Section 3 课时目标 1.熟记单词、短语的意思和用法，并能灵活运用。 2.掌握文章中的一些重要句型，并学以致用。 课前词汇默写 核心词汇突破 重点句式解构 课时检测 Contents 目录 01 02 03 05 04 随堂融通训练 3 01 课前词汇默写 一、阅读单词——知其义 1．under the microscope 　　　 在__________下 2．launch a satellite 发射___________ 3．the outspoken young man ________年轻人 4．another important finding 另一个重要________ 5．a blue mould in the dish 盘子里的蓝色______ 显微镜 人造卫星 坦率的 发现 霉菌 6．remain humble 保持_______ 7．an officer in the navy ______军官 8．improve the accuracy of the missile 提高______的精度 9．a joint effort ________努力 10．a tube of toothpaste 一_____牙膏 11．an electrical circuit ________ 谦虚 海军 导弹 共同 管 电路 二、重点单词——写其形 launch launch orbit orbit 3．______ the atom 分裂原子 4．_________ differences 察觉区别 5．save the lives of ________ 拯救数百万人的生命 6．the amazing ________ 惊人的结果 7．a nuclear ________ 核物理学家 split perceive millions outcome physicist 三、活用单词——悉其变 scientific science scientists donate donation donor correspond correspondence instant instantly subsequently subsequent relativity relate relative constant constant constantly biologists biology accuracy accurate accurately efficiently efficient efficiency propose proposal 四、拓展构词——明其规(依据规律串记单词) 1．proposal：-al名词后缀　 ①arrival　　　　 　 　 到达；到来 ②approval 赞成，同意 ③survival 幸存；生存 2．accuracy：-cy名词后缀　 ①emergency　　　　　 紧急情况；突发事件 ②fluency 流利；流畅 ③frequency 频率；频繁 五、高级词块——通其用 1．__________　　　　　　　 算出；弄明白 2．_____________ 更不用说，且不说 3．___________________ 在……范围内变化 4．_________ 挑出；挑选 5．____________________ 随着……的引进 6．__________ 回来；记起；恢复原状；重新流行 figure out not to mention range from ... to ... single out with the introduction of come back 7．_________ 转向；变成；求助于；致力于； 开始行动 8．__________ 处理；涉及；做生意 9．_____________ 没有什么能比得上；一点也不像 10．_______ 打开；发动；攻击 11．_______ 出去；熄灭；过时 12．_______________ 致力于；献身于 13．______________ 在……链中 turn to deal with nothing like turn on go out be dedicated to in the chain of 02 核心词汇突破 1．Amazing discoveries were made in medicine, communications and transport, not to mention our knowledge of the world and space. 医学、通信和交通方面都有惊人的发现，更别提我们对世界和太空的认识了。 ★not to mention 更不用说；且不说 |用|法|感|知| ·The boy hasn't learnt arithmetic, not to mention algebra. 这个男孩算术还没学会，更谈不上代数了。 ·(“心理描写”佳句)We were cold, wet and hungry, not to mention extremely tired. 我们感到寒冷、潮湿和饥饿，更不用说疲惫不堪了。 [归纳点拨] not to mention是不定式分句，作连接性状语，表示意义的增补。连接性状语用以连接句子、分句、词组等。 |应|用|融|会| (完成句子) ①Volunteering can help others solve problems,_____________ _________________, which enriches our lives. 参加志愿活动能帮助他人解决困难，更不用说还能结识朋友，这会丰富我们的生活。 not to mention making friends ②Keeping exercising builds up physical strength, ____________ ____________ it helps us stay positive, which is vital for exam preparation.坚持锻炼能增强体质，更不用说它能让我们保持积极心态，这对备考至关重要。 ③Developing reading habits builds up vocabulary, ___________ _________________________that broaden horizons, which benefits writing.养成阅读习惯能积累词汇，更不用说那些能拓宽视野的精彩故事，这对写作很有益。 not to mention the fact that not to mention wonderful stories 2．Medical advances ranged from discovering the causes of diseases under microscopes to staging operations to replace diseased organs with donated ones. 医学上的进步范围很广，从利用显微镜揭示病因，到施行手术，用捐赠的器官做器官移植。 ★donate vi.& vt.捐献(器官)，献(血)；捐赠，捐献 |用|法|感|知| ·(“倡议”类佳句)Our school called on us to donate our pocket money to the school damaged by the flood, enabling the students to return to their classrooms. 我们学校呼吁我们把零用钱捐给被洪水破坏的学校，让学生们能够回到教室。 ·(“活动介绍”佳句)Our school has arranged to carry out a donation for those in need, whose aim is to raise students' awareness of the charity. 我们学校安排了一次为有需要的人捐款的活动，其目的是提高学生对慈善事业的认识。 [归纳点拨] (1)donate sth.to sb.　　 　 向某人捐献某物 (2)donation n. 捐赠；捐赠物，捐款 give/make a donation to ...　 向……捐赠 (3)donor n. 捐赠者，赠送者 |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空 ①She made a will, in which she said she would donate all of her body parts _____ those who needed them. ②He drove to the blood bank to make a _________ (donate) to the local hospital. ③The _______ refused to tell his name after _________ a large sum of money.(donate) to donation donor donating (2)一句多译 虽然他非常喜欢这本故事书，但他还是把它捐给了慈善机构。 ④Much as he liked the story book, he______________ ___________.(donate) ⑤Much as he liked the story book, he _________________ _____________.(donation) donated it to the charity made a donation to the charity 3．Communications changed with the introduction of mobile phones, and the way we correspond went from writing letters to emailing and sending instant messages. 移动电话的使用给通信业带来了改变，通信方式从写信到发电子邮件和发送即时信息。 ★correspond vi.通信；相当于；符合，相一致 |用|法|感|知| ·(“人际关系”主题佳句)Furthermore，what you say must correspond with what you do and then you can find it easy to make friends with your classmates. 而且，你必须言行一致，那么，你就会发现和同学交朋友很容易。 ·(“传统文化”主题佳句)She stayed in correspondence with overseas scholars, who shared insights on preserving traditional calligraphy in the digital age. 她与海外学者保持通信联系，这些学者分享了在数字时代保护传统书法的见解。 [归纳点拨] (1)correspond with sb.　　 和某人通信 correspond to/with sth. 与某物相一致 correspond to ... 相当于……，类似于…… (2)correspondence n. 相符，一致；通信联系 in correspondence with 与……一致；与……有通信联系 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/同义句转换) ①The marks on the products don't correspond _______ the goods I purchased on the Internet. ②What she just said isn't in _______________ (correspond) with the views of the majority. to/with correspondence ③When corresponding _____ your foreign friends, you should give them your detailed address. ④It's a coincidence that your account of the events corresponds with hers. →It's a coincidence that your account of the events _______ ___________________hers. ★instant adj.立刻的，马上的n．瞬间，片刻 with is in correspondence with |用|法|感|知| ·(“动作描写”佳句)In an instant, he took off his coat and jumped into the freezing water to save the drowning child. 就在一瞬间，他脱下外套，跳进冰冷的水中去救那个溺水的孩子。 ·(“心理描写”佳句)The instant Sarah said it, she realized she had made a mistake. 萨拉一说这话，就意识到自己犯了个错误。 归纳点拨 (1)in an instant　　　　 立即地 the instant 一……就…… (2)instantly adv. 立即地 conj. 一……就…… 名师点津 instantly＝the instant，用作连词相当于immediately、directly、the minute、the moment、as soon as。 |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空 ①Those words refreshed me ______ an instant.It guided me to a new life. ②I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice _________ (instant) I picked up the phone. in instantly (2)一句多译 她一停止提问，我就起身走出房间。 ③___________________________________, I got up and went out of the room.(as soon as) ④____________________________________________________, I got up and went out of the room.(副词用作连词) ⑤___________________________________________________, I got up and went out of the room.(the＋瞬间名词) As soon as she stopped asking questions Instantly/Immediately/Directly she stopped asking questions The moment/instant/minute she stopped asking questions 4．...at the same time, scientists figured out how to split the atom, previously thought to be the smallest particle of matter in the universe. ……同时，科学家们发现了如何分裂原子。在此之前，原子被认为是宇宙中最小的物质微粒。 ★split vi.& vt.分割，把……分开；分成(不同部分) |用|法|感|知| ·(“心理描写”佳句)After splitting up with her partner, she got emotional and couldn't help crying. 和她的同伴分开后，她变得很情绪化，禁不住哭了。 ·(“场景描写”佳句)The boat whistled past, making the water in the river split open. 船鸣着汽笛开过，划开了水面。 [归纳点拨] split up　　　　　　　　 分裂，分离；分手 split away/off (from sth.) (使从……中)脱离，分裂出去，分离 split on sb.(to sb.) (向某人)告发，揭发某人 split sth.(between sb./sth.) 　 分担；分摊；分享 split (sth.) into (sth.) (把……)分开，使分开 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①Research suggests that children whose parents split ____ are more likely to drop out of high school. ②The storm split a branch off ______ the main trunk, which came crashing down onto the roof of the nearby shed. up from ③She ________________ groups of four，handing each group a sheet and telling them to discuss the questions quietly by the windows. 她把全班分成四人一组，给每组一张表格，让他们在窗边安静地讨论问题。 split the class into 03 重点句式解构 1．Communications changed with the introduction of mobile phones, and the way we correspond went from writing letters to emailing and sending instant messages. 移动电话的使用给通信业带来了改变，通信方式从写信到发电子邮件和发送即时信息。 (1)本句中we correspond为定语从句，修饰先行词the way。 (2)当the way表示“方式，方法”时，其后的定语从句有两种情况： the way作先行词时，若从句中缺少状语，则定语从句的引导词可以是that或in which，也可以将引导词省略。若从句中缺少主语或宾语时，则定语从句的引导词可以是that或which，作宾语时可省略。 “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句法训练”弄明句式结构 (用适当的关系代词或“介词＋关系代词”填空) ①The villagers thought highly of the way ______________ we treated the beggar. ②The way ____________ you told me wasn't practical. ③He suggested settling the problem in a way _____________ was peaceful. (in which/that) (that/which) which/that (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ④(2023·浙江1月高考写作)在植物园里，我了解了一些植物适应环境的方式。 In the botanic garden, I knew about the ways ______________ _____________________________________. (that/in which) some plants adapted to their surroundings ⑤(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)我提议的方法就是你让三到四个同学一组，其中一个做小组长。 The way ____________________ is that you put three to four students together, with one working as a leader. ⑥帮助你取得进步的方法就是多练习。 The way __________________________________ is to practice more. (that/which) I suggest that/which can help you make progress 2．Without the breakthroughs of these pioneers in science and technology，whether lucky or planned, the world as we know it today would be a completely different place. 如果没有这些科技先驱取得的突破，不管这些突破是偶然发现的还是计划之中的，我们今天所熟知的世界将是一个完全不同的地方。 本句为without引导的含蓄虚拟条件句。 有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中没有条件句，其内容暗含在短语或上下文中，这种句子叫作含蓄条件句。常见的介词短语有without ...“没有……”；but for...“要不是……”；常用的连词有or/otherwise“否则(要不然)”等。 “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构 ①I would have failed in the examination if you hadn't helped me. →I would have failed in the examination___________________. ②If you hadn't just rescued him in time, the boy would have been drowned. →_______________________, the boy would have been drowned. without your help But for your timely rescue (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ③(“学校生活”主题佳句)没有Youth，我的高中生活可能会非常枯燥，我也不可能取得今天的成就。 Without Youth, my high school life ___________________ and I couldn't have today's achievements. ④(“感谢”类佳句)一方面，如果没有他耐心和大力的帮助，我的数学不会取得这么大的进步。 For one thing, I __________________________________ _________without his patient and considerable assistance. could be pretty dull wouldn't have made such great progress in maths 04 随堂融通训练 课文缩写语法填空 根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Scientific Breakthroughs If you had to choose the single most important discovery of the 20th century, you would have a real problem on your hands.But it is possible ①________ (single) out a few pioneers of the 20th century.One of the 20th century's premier scientists ②_____ (be) Albert Einstein. to single was In the summer of 1905, this outspoken young man ③____________ (rock) his one-year-old baby when he was suddenly inspired.Subsequently, “E＝mc2” was born.Alexander Fleming saw a blue mould in the dish around ④_______ the bacteria had been destroyed.This blue mould was in fact the natural form of penicillin.During the Second World War, the US Navy was looking for ways of improving the ⑤_________ (accurate) of their missiles.The navy turned to Eckert, an ⑥__________ (engine), and Mauchly, a physicist, was rocking which accuracy engineer to wrestle with the problem and produce ⑦___ machine which was the world's first computer to do the job.In 1990,Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web, which enabled ⑧___________ (computer) all over the world to communicate with each other.Nowadays, life without the Internet for most people is unimaginable.⑨__________ the breakthroughs of these pioneers, the world as we know it today would be a ⑩__________ (complete) different place. a computers Without completely 05 课时检测 第Ⅰ卷　语言基础训练 (一)单词拼写(6分) (1)The successful ________ (发射) of Shenzhou-21 is remarkable and deserves celebration. (2)It is generally believed that _________ (持续不断的) reading and comprehending can strengthen our mental ability. (3)While astronauts cannot go to a baseball game or a movie in ______(轨道), there are many familiar activities that they can still enjoy. launch constant orbit (4)She ______ (分开) the money she won with her brother. (5)One of the main ________ (发现) of the survey was the confusion about the facilities already in place. (6)I soon _________ (察觉到) that I could not make him change his mind. split findings perceived (二)单句语法填空(20分) (7)We need to be more _________ (science) about this problem. (8)You can of course help by giving them a ___________ (donate) directly. (9)On behalf of all the students in our class, I wish you make a quick recovery and keep _______________ (correspond) with us. scientific donation corresponding (10)Some news will excite their readers ________ (instant) while others won't. (11)_____________ (subsequent), new guidelines were issued to all employees. (12)The principle of __________ (relative) is one of the most fundamental principles in physics. (13)__________ (biology) Edmond Mouton runs the nutria (海狸鼠) control program for Louisiana. instantly Subsequently relativity Biologist (14)Every bank pays close attention to the speed and ________ (accurate) of its tellers. (15)Due to its ability to ___________ (efficient) pass knowledge across large groups of people, fewer teachers may be needed in some schools. (16)The ________ (physics) represented his abstract theory to the students in a simple way. accuracy efficiently physicist (三)选词填空(12分) figure out, nothing like, turn to, not to mention, deal with, with the development of (17)Our lives will be better and better ______________________ science and technology. (18)Old folk and children alike are all against the proposal, ___ __________ the youth. with the development of not to mention (19)It is difficult to ___________ a global population of polar bears. (20)I still want to have my parents to ______ whenever I need help. (21)Learning to ________ the social world is equally important. (22)It's _____________ what happened in the mid-seventies. figure out turn to deal with nothing like (四)完成句子(6分) (23)______________________________, we couldn't have taken the doctors and nurses to the earthquake-stricken area last week. 没有你们的无私帮助，我们上周就不可能把医生和护士送到地震灾区。 (24)I don't like the way_________________________________ _________.我不喜欢他和他父母说话的方式。 (25)The singer ________________________________dreams of forming his own band. 让我们颇感兴趣的那位歌手梦想着成立自己的乐队。 Without your selfless assistance (that/in which) he talks with his parents in whom we have great interest (五)主题微写作(15分) 请按照“Who — How — Significance”的行文顺序介绍一个你了解的发明——亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔发明的电话。尽量使用本课所学词汇和表达。 参考范文： Alexander Graham Bell, a scientific and humble inventor, created the telephone in 1876.He was always outspoken about combining science with daily life. Through constant experiments and joint research with his team, Bell efficiently turned his findings into a device that transmitted sound.He corresponded with scientists worldwide to make the design better.The outcome — the first telephone — enabled instant communication, which subsequently revolutionized global connections.It remains a symbol of how innovation can bridge distances efficiently. 第Ⅱ卷　语篇综合训练 完形填空 Instead of enjoying the summer vacation time like most junior middle school students, Feng Boyao and Meng Shuqi were busy 1 the Braille (布拉耶盲文) reading 2 they invented. Feng and Meng, students at No.37 Middle School in Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, spent nearly a year developing a new kind of Braille reading device and won first prize at a recent provincial-level youth science and technology innovation 3 . The patented device was 4 for a national-level competition that 5 in Beijing.A large number of Braille 6 dots had been set up on the device.It could translate Braille content as a cursor (光标) moved across a computer screen via a computer application. They said the education for those people with visual 7 was mainly based on Braille books, but very few Braille books could be found in the marketplace, or they were 8 and couldn't meet the needs of the blind.And only a small number of people had access to Braille reading devices, which are very 9 and might sell for as much as 10,000 yuan or more.“The 10 of our device is much lower, so it will be advantageous in terms of market 11 ，” they said. In addition, because of its magnetic structure, the content 12 on the device was said to be more 13 than others. “We hope our device can help reduce the proportion of blind people who become poor from 14 of education，” Meng said.“We also 15 to contribute our power to China's poverty alleviation (扶贫) strategy.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了两位中学生发明新型盲文阅读装置并获得科技竞赛奖项的故事以及该装置的优势。 1．A ． improving　　　　　　　 B．filling C．arming D．starting √ 解析：根据后文“spent nearly a year developing a new kind of Braille reading device”可知，他们在研发设备，所以此处指改进自己发明的装置。 2．A.book B．device C．engine D．form √ 解析：根据后文“a new kind of Braille reading device”可知，他们发明的是一种盲文阅读装置。 3．A.examination B．meeting C．competition D．party √ 解析：根据前文“won first prize”及后文“a national-level competition”可知，他们是在竞赛中获奖。 4．A.canceled B．hunted C．blamed D．entered √ 解析：根据后文“for a national-level competition”可知，该装置被报名参加国家级的比赛。 5．A ． kicked off B．put off C．gave off D．took off √ 解析：根据前文“The patented device was _________ for a national-level competition that”可推知，此处指比赛是在北京开始。kick off意为“开始，开启”。 6．A ． contact B．connect C．attach D．relate √ 解析：根据后文“dots”及常识可知，盲文是通过接触点来阅读的，所以这里说的是接触点。contact dots意为“接触点”。 7．A.barriers B．adaptation C．height D．disabilities √ 解析：根据后文“was mainly based on Braille books”可知，这里说的是视障人士的教育。visual disabilities意为“视力障碍”。 8．A.fashionable B．strict C．outdated D．tied √ 解析：根据后文“and couldn't meet the needs of the blind”可知，盲文书籍无法满足需求，是因为这些书籍已经过时。 9．A.advanced B．popular C．expensive D．affordable √ 解析：根据后文“might sell for as much as 10,000 yuan or more”可知，这些装置非常贵。 10．A.size B．cost C．distance D．rate √ 解析：根据前文“might sell for as much as 10,000 yuan or more”及后文“of our device is much lower”可知，该装置的优势是成本低。 11．A.trust B．evidence C．flight D．promotion √ 解析：根据前文“The _______ of our device is much lower, so it will be advantageous in terms of market”及常识可知，成本低有利于市场推广。 12．A.revealed B．displayed C．admired D．fired √ 解析：根据前文“the content”及后文“on the device”可知，这里说的是装置上显示的内容。display意为“展示，显示”。 13．A ． accurate B．lasting C．severe D．profound √ 解析：根据前文“because of its magnetic structure”可知，磁性结构使得显示的内容更准确。 14．A.use B．lack C．freedom D．delicacy √ 解析：根据前文“They said the education for those people with visual ________ was mainly based on Braille books, but very few Braille books could be found in the marketplace, or they were _______ and couldn't meet the needs of the blind.”可知，缺乏教育资源是盲人致贫的原因。 15．A.allow B．highlight C．wish D．permit √ 解析：根据前文“We hope our device can help reduce the proportion of blind people who become poor from ________ of education”可知，他们表达的是希望为扶贫战略贡献力量。wish to do sth.表示“希望做某事”。 本课结束 更多精彩内容请登录：www.zghkt.cn $