Unit 10 Section 2 “How Closely Connected Are We”的课文习读环节-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册配套课件PPT（北师大版）

“How Closely Connected Are We” 的课文习读环节 Section 2 课时目标 1.细读文章，了解“六度分隔”理论形成的原因、过程及特点。 2.深入阅读，获取具体信息，并进行推理。 3.运用与话题相关的语言知识，对人们之间的联系以及理论带给人们生活的影响进行评价。 课文阅读理解 课文写法借鉴 美文阅读润心 课时检测 Contents 目录 01 02 03 04 3 01 课文阅读理解 泛读课文，完成以下学习任务 (一)理清文脉结构 connected mathematically test recreate Columbia Small-world Project relationship regularly (二)把握主旨大意 1．What's the main idea of the text? A．Explaining the number of people's connections. B．Analysing the causes of the “Six Degrees of Separation” theory. C．Describing the features of the “Six Degrees of Separation” theory. D．Introducing people's connections by the “Six Degrees of Separation” theory. √ 2．What's the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To tell us people in the world are closely connected with each other. B．To persuade people to communicate with others in the world. C．To indicate communication only happens between seven to fifteen people. D．To prove people will seldom have a chance to meet a stranger. √ 精读课文，完成以下学习任务 (一)阅读理解 1．What's the purpose of the first paragraph? A．To give suggestions. B．To introduce the topic. C．To add background information. D．To offer scientific data. √ [Tip] 判断文章首段的作用 说明文的首段一般是点明说明对象，总领全文，以便引出下文。如本文首段借助研究结果说明了“六度分隔”理论，点明了文章所要介绍的主题，故其作用是引入主题，激发读者的兴趣。 2．What can we know about the “Six Degrees of Separation” theory? A．The concept of friendship results from it. B．It was mentioned in the 1930s by Frigyes Karinthy. C．It was first appeared in the book named Everything Is Different. D．It points out one person can be connected through no more than five other people. √ 3．Which of the following is NOT used to test the theory? A．The Oscar-winning film Babel. B．The “Columbia Small-world Project”． C．An experiment at the University of Milan in 2011. D．The “small-world problem”． √ 4．What can we learn about Stanley Milgram's method? A．Its samples were chosen randomly in Hungary. B．Packages were sent between strangers. C．Parcels arrived at the targets very quickly. D．It enlightened the phrase “Six Degrees of Separation”． √ 5．What's unique about an experiment at the University of Milan? A．It needed five stages to be connected. B．It had only recently been carried out. C．It focused on the social media users. D．It involved the largest number of people. √ (二)阅读表达 1．What does “Six Degrees of Separation” indicate? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．What did the “Columbia Small-world Project” confirm? _________________________________________________ Any person in the world can be connected to any other person through a chain of no more than five other people. The average number of links in the email chain was six. 3．What can you learn from the theory of “Six Degrees of Separation”？ (The answers may vary.) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The theory tells us that each person should fully trust and utilize their network. Because with just six small steps, it can help you get to know every person on this Earth. |阅|读|技|能|提|升| 　依据行文顺序，把握发展脉络 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“六度分隔”理论的定义，展示了不同时期人们对该理论的发展、验证及实验的方法与结论，证明了“地球很小”、人们之间联系紧密这一主题。其中第二至六段按照时间顺序介绍了“六度分隔”理论的发展过程，阅读时注意理清该理论各时期的实验结论，有助于把握该理论的发展脉络。 02 课文写法借鉴 (一)赏用词之妙　 1．Once the parcel had been received by this person, he/she would send the parcel onto a contact of theirs until the parcel could be personally delivered to the correct person. 赏析：句中的“deliver”为高级用词，代替前文的send，避免重复。deliver本义为“递送”，引申义有“给……接生；发表；释放”等。 2．Amazingly, it only took between five and seven people to get the parcels delivered, and once released, the results were published in the bimonthly magazine Psychology Today. 赏析：句中使用了amazingly，表示“令人惊讶地”，在本句中位于句首，作状语，修饰整个句子。英语中，有些分词化的形容词可以加上后缀-ly，转化成副词，在句中作状语。这类副词还有：surprisingly(惊人地)、shockingly(令人震惊地)、increasingly(不断增加地)、interestingly(有趣的是)等。 3．In 2001, Columbia University tried to recreate Milgram's experiment on the Internet. 赏析：句中的动词“recreate”为高级用词，形象地刻画出了该实验的特点。 [提能训练]　(单句语法填空/翻译句子) ①__________ (amaze), Jack didn't even have to go to hospital. ②After she was delivered of a healthy boy, we delivered some gifts to her. ________________________________________________ ③我正试图在远离家的地方重建家庭生活。 ___________________________________________ Amazingly 在她生下一个健康的男孩后，我们给她送了一些礼物。 I am trying to recreate family life far from home. (二)赏句式之高　 1．Research shows the average person only has regular communication with between seven and fifteen people, and that most of our communication is in fact with five to ten people who are closest to us. 赏析：shows后面接由and连接的两个宾语从句。第一个宾语从句省略了连接词that；第二个that引导的宾语从句中又包含了who引导的定语从句。该句表明了我们大部分的交流所涉及的人数。 2．It was this research that inspired the phrase “Six Degrees of Separation”． 赏析：这是一个强调句型。强调了这个研究对“六度分隔”这一说法的启发。 [提能训练]　(用高级句式完成句子) ①He knows __________________ and__________________________ ______________________________. 他知道她是一个诚实的女孩，他应该帮助她患有严重疾病的父亲。 ②__________________________________ to create more outstanding works. 是大自然激发了这位艺术家创作出更多杰出作品。 she is an honest girl that he should help her father who suffers from a serious disease It was nature that inspired the artist (三)赏逻辑之巧　 Research shows the average person only has regular communication with between seven and fifteen people, and that most of our communication is in fact with five to ten people who are closest to us. However, perhaps we are closer to the rest of the world than we think. “Six Degrees of Separation” refers to the theory that any person on Earth can be connected to any other person through a chain of no more than five other people. 赏析：本段第一句表明，普通人只与7至15个人经常保持联系，而且其中大部分的交流实际上只发生在5到10个亲近的人身上。第二句使用了however进行转折，说明我们与世界上其他人的联系比想象中的更紧密。最后一句用简洁的语言解释了“六度分隔”理论。 [提能训练]　(完成句子) ①This is one possible solution to the problem.___________________ _______. 这是解决这个问题的一个可能的办法。然而，还有其他办法。 ②Many high schools allow for clubs. ________________________ ________________________________________________________ 许多高中允许开设俱乐部。然而，如何平衡学习和社团活动一直是学生们关心的问题。 However, there are others However, how to balance study and club activities has always been a concern for students. (四)赏首尾之美　 How Closely Connected Are We? ... So, think about it for a minute: How might you be connected to the driver of the bus you regularly take or the person who delivers your parcels? 赏析：本文标题采用疑问句的形式，是为了通过提出问题来引起读者关注，促使读者在思想上进行互动，启发他们思考，产生共鸣，留下印象。文章的结尾段同样采用了疑问句形式，令人回味无穷，能引起读者的思考，使文章更加耐人寻味，呼应主题。 03 美文阅读润心 在青春的旅途中，我们与父母之间的关系就像一幅色彩斑斓的画卷，既有温馨的情感，也有暂时的冲突。成长的烦恼，内心的渴望，让亲子关系面临挑战。让我们一同走进这篇文章，探寻那隐藏在矛盾背后的爱与温暖，相信风雨过后，必有彩虹。 Strangers under the same roof? Does every dinner with your parents seem to turn into a battle? Have your once warm and open conversations become cold and guarded? Do you feel that you just cannot see eye to eye with them on anything? You are not alone. Heated arguments and cold silences are common between teenagers and their parents. Although sometimes it may seem impossible to get along as a family, you can take action to improve the situation. The key to keeping the peace is regular and honest communication. When you disagree with your parents, take a minute to calm down and try to understand the situation from their point of view. Perhaps they have experienced something similar and do not want you to go through the same pain. After you have thought it through, explain your actions and feelings calmly, listen carefully, and address their concerns. Through this kind of healthy discussion, you will learn when to back down and when to ask your parents to relax their control. [阅读理解] 1．What does “that” in “that makes you feel unhappy” in paragraph 3 refer to ? A．A new desire for independence. B．A continued need for your parents' love. C．Making decisions on your own. D．That your parents don't always agree. √ 2．What do teenagers need from their parents? A．Experience.　　　　 B．Love and strictness. C．Stories. D．Love and patience. √ 3．How should you keep the peace in your family? A．By acting like an adult. B．By caring for your parents. C．By regular and honest communication. D．By relaxing parents' control. √ [素养积累] 1．由文积词汇 see eye to eye with sb.　 与某人看法一致 tension n. 紧张关系；紧张；拉伸 shoot up 快速长高，蹿个儿 breakdown n. (关系)破裂；故障 think sth. through 充分考虑；想透 back down 承认错误，认输 stormy adj. 激烈争吵的 2．据文悟句式 句①：that引导宾语从句；shooting up ...作伴随状语。 句②：and连接并列句。其中not always是部分否定；make sb. 后接省略to的不定式，feel是系动词，后接形容词。 句③：when引导时间状语从句。 句④：remember后接两个that引导的宾语从句，其中第二个宾语从句that you and your parents ...中的that不能省略；that parent-child tensions create为that引导的定语从句，that在从句中作create的宾语。 句⑤：that引导表语从句，不能省略。 04 课时检测 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A The sound of my mother preparing breakfast fills the house — my morning alarm. As I walk toward the kitchen, I'm greeted by my mother standing over the cooker. She effortlessly cooks a dish that blends (融合) Western and Eastern styles, a beloved breakfast classic in our family. This is my grandmother's recipe. Since my grandmother's passing, I've become more aware of my mother's aging and her devotion to cooking for us. She has cooked for her family for more than 30 years, dividing her time between three countries — Korea, Canada and Germany. When my parents visit us from Korea, they stay with us for several months. My mother helps around the house, showing her cooking skills to provide delicious meals for me, my partner and our kids. In every other year, she and my dad will travel to Berlin to spend a couple of weeks with my sister and her partner. According to Statista, most Canadians report spending between 31 and 60 minutes preparing an average weekday dinner for themselves and others in their houses. Ten percent stated that they spend more than an hour preparing their evening meal. My mother belongs to that 10 percent. Her cooking goes beyond the kitchen, starting with careful grocery shopping trips where she examines produce and finds the best deals. She takes everyone's preferences and needs into account. The meal she creates becomes a ritual (仪式), bringing the family together to connect and share. Helping her out in the kitchen requires a great deal of patience. Yet, I know it's her way of expressing love. As I prepare the vegetables, she notices that my carrots are not evenly sized. She pushes me aside to take over the task. “Just do the dishes.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了厨艺精湛的母亲奔波异地为家人做饭的故事，让人感受到炙热的母爱。 1．What do we know about the author's mother from the text? A．She has three daughters. B．She has great cooking skills. C．She lives with the author in Korea. D．She invented the author's beloved breakfast classic. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“My mother helps around the house, showing her cooking skills to provide delicious meals for me, my partner and our kids.”可知，作者的母亲厨艺很好。 √ 2．What's the author's purpose in mentioning data about meal preparation time in paragraph 4? A．To show her mother's love. B．To present a common issue. C．To explain the reasons behind infrequent cooking. D．To stress the significance of home-cooked meals. √ 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，有数据表明只有10%的加拿大人花超过一小时准备晚饭，而母亲是其中之一。结合文章中心观点，即母亲尽心照顾家人可推知，引用数据是为了突出母亲的奉献和爱。 3．Why does the author say helping her mother in the kitchen requires patience? A．Her mother gets angry easily. B．Her mother wants to teach her everything. C．Her mother dislikes being bothered. D．Her mother expects perfection in cooking. √ 解析：推理判断题。根据最后两段内容可推知，母亲做饭时要求完美，所以给她打下手需要耐心。 4．What would be the best title for the text? A．Mother's Love Needs to Be Responded to B．Mother's Recipe Is the Best in the World C．Mother's Kitchen Draws Us Closer Together D．Mother's Selflessness Inspires My Family √ 解析：标题归纳题。根据倒数第二段中“The meal she creates becomes a ritual, bringing the family together to connect and share.”及全文内容可知，文章主要讲的是母亲通过给家人做饭拉近了一家人的距离。故C项适合作文章标题。 B Quite often, no matter how good you are, your success is dependent on how other people such as your boss, peers, clients and customers notice your communication and responses. So when you come to people who make the key difference between helping you or holding you back, how can you influence and persuade them to give what you want. Psychological research repeatedly shows that people generally make up their minds on whether to help you or not based on whether they like you or not. It is human nature. What can you do about it? You need to make a good impression on others to ensure they like you and give you what you want. Research again shows that people give opportunities to the people they like best. In fact, most people actually make up their minds about other people in the first five minutes or less of meeting someone. These are called first impressions or “moments of truth”． Once they make up their minds, they tend to be very unwilling to change their opinions. You hardly have room for error when making that first impression on a new acquaintance. Therefore, whether you are applying for a job, going for an interview, attending a meeting with your boss or peers, or serving a customer, you need to prepare yourself mentally and rehearse (排练) how you will manage the first few minutes of your interaction. This includes doing your homework to gather information and researching all possible issues so you will know how to deal with them if the other party (另一方) raise them unexpectedly. It is amazing how poorly some people can come across at the beginning. The worst thing is that they do not even seem to realize it. Having good qualifications and an excellent work performance does not mean that candidates can succeed in making a good first impression. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了给别人留下良好的第一印象的重要性以及应该注意的事项。 5．What would people do when they like you according to paragraph 2? A．They would pay much attention to your good qualifications. B．They would prefer to ignore your weaknesses. C．They would change their opinions frequently. D．They would be willing to offer chances. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Research again shows that people give opportunities to the people they like best.”可知，当人们喜欢你时，他们更可能会给你提供机会。 √ 6．Which of the following tips might help in an interview according to the author? A．Know as much as possible about the situation. B．Ask the interviewers for homework to do. C．Show your friendliness and confidence. D．Do something unexpected to impress interviewers. √ 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，作者认为，尽可能多地了解情况可能有助于面试。 7．What will probably be talked about in the next part of the text? A．Questions that might be asked by the interviewers. B．How to win over people who don't like you at first. C．Some practical advice to help make a good first impression. D．Examples of how good first impressions help people succeed. √ 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，好的资历和优秀的工作表现不一定给人留下良好的第一印象，那么接下来最有可能讲述一些实用的建议来帮助建立良好的第一印象。 8．What is the text mainly about? A．Persuading people to like you. B．Making a good first impression. C．People making the key difference. D．Useful tips for a job interview. √ 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了给别人留下良好的第一印象的重要性以及应该注意的事项。故B项能概括文章大意。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 How to Keep a Long-Distance Friendship Perhaps a friend you've known for years has moved away, or you've made a new friend from another part of the world.Don't let distance stop you from staying close.Here are some tips on how to stay in touch. Write letters.Receiving a letter from someone he/she cares about can brighten your friend's day.While technology makes it easy to stay in touch, writing a letter shows how much you value the relationship.You don't need to write a long letter. 9 Share a show.Do you both enjoy a specific TV show? Although you can't watch it together, you can agree to watch it at the same time and discuss it later. 10 After talking about the show, you can share others in your lives. 11 There are many interesting things about where your friend is from.If you get the chance to visit, explore together.Your friend might enjoy showing you around.This can deepen your understanding of their life and create shared memories. Think of your friend. 12 Maybe you saw a video or heard their favorite song on the radio.Use these moments to reach out with a simple message like, “Hi, I just saw/heard this, and it reminded me of you.” Such conversations keep your connection strong and remind them that they are in your mind. Make the effort to reconnect.Sometimes, distance leads to losing touch.It's natural to feel awkward about regaining the friendship. 13 Send a message saying you've been thinking about them and wondering how they are doing.They will likely be thrilled to hear from you. A．But it's never too late. B．Explore with them together. C．Learn about their hometown. D．Postcards are a lovely way to stay connected. E．Has something you did recently reminded you of your friend? F．This helps you stay in touch and provides a topic for conversation. G．This makes you feel cared about despite the distance between you. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些维持一段异地友谊的方法。 9．解析：选D　上文主要讲述了通过写信来维持友谊，且不必写长信。故D项“明信片是保持联系的一种可爱方式”承接上文，符合语境。 10．解析：选F　根据上下文可知，空处的内容应与同时看节目并讨论有关，且这个行为对维持友谊有好处。故F项“这有助于你们保持联系，并为对话提供一个话题”符合语境，其中的“This”指代上文的“同时看节目并讨论”这件事。 11．解析：选C　根据下文可知，本段主要讲述了要了解朋友的家乡，如果有机会，可以一起去探索。故C项“了解他们的家乡”能够概括本段主旨。 12．解析：选E　根据下文可知，空处的内容应与某件事让你想起了朋友有关。故E项“你最近做的某件事有没有让你想起你的朋友？”引出下文，符合语境。 13．解析：选A　根据上文“Sometimes, distance leads to losing touch.It's natural to feel awkward about regaining the friendship.”可知，有时，距离会导致失去联系。重新获得友谊时感到尴尬是很自然的。下文介绍了具体做法，故A项“但永远都不晚”承上启下，符合语境。 本课结束 更多精彩内容请登录：www.zghkt.cn Teenagers' physical changes may result in such family tensions. You may feel anxious that you are developing at a different You might worry about your changing voice, weight problems or spots. When it all gets too much, your parents are often the first targets of your anger. It can be a big headache to balance your developing mental needs too. You enter a strange middle ground — no longer a small child but not quite an adult. You have both a new desire for independence and a continued need for your parents' love and support. You feel ready to be more responsible and make decisions on your own. Unfortunately, that makes you feel unhappy. “Why can't they just let me go？” you may wonder. On the other hand, when you are struggling to control your feelings, you wish they could be more caring and patient — sometimes they forget that growing up is a rough ride. It can be difficult you to act like an adult.All of this can lead to a breakdown in your relationship. Just remember that it is completely normal to struggle with the stress that parent-child tensions create， and that you and your . The good news is . Everything will turn out all right in the end, and the changes and challenges of your teenage years will prepare you for adulthood. $