Unit 8 A green world（单元自测·徐州专用）英语新教材译林版八年级下册

2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测 Unit 8·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 一、单项选择。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 1．—People must wear helmets when they ride e-bikes ________ the traffic rules. —Yes. Or they will be punished. A．according to B．thanks to C．as for D．instead of 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——人们骑电动自行车时必须根据交通规则佩戴头盔。——是的，否则他们会受到惩罚。 according to根据；thanks to多亏；as for至于；instead of代替。根据“People must wear helmets when they ride e-bikes...the traffic rules.”可知，“戴头盔”是依照交通规则的要求，只有according to能体现“遵循规则”的逻辑。应填according to。 2．—I can ________ believe my eyes. Bob, you haven’t changed at all! You look exactly the same as before. —Really? Thank you. A．hardly B．mainly C．finally D．really 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我几乎不敢相信我的眼睛，Bob，你一点都没变！看起来和以前一模一样。——真的吗？谢谢你。 hardly几乎不；mainly主要地；finally最后；really真正地。根据“Bob, you haven’t changed at all! You look exactly the same as before”可知，此处表示因对方毫无变化而惊讶到不敢相信。应填hardly。 3．If students break the school rules, the teacher may _________ them by asking them to clean the classroom. A．praise B．help C．punish D．encourage 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果学生违反校规，老师可能会通过要求他们打扫教室来惩罚他们。 punish表示“惩罚”，符合“违反校规后打扫教室”的语境；praise表示“表扬”，help表示“帮助”，encourage表示“鼓励”，均与逻辑不符。 4．Every small action can _________ to the environment. For example, saving one drop of water every day can help save resources. A．turn up B．put up C．take care D．make a difference 【答案】D 【详解】句意：每一个微小的行动都能对环境产生影响。例如，每天节约一滴水有助于节约资源。 turn up表示“调高（音量）；出现”；put up表示“张贴；搭建；举起”；take care表示“小心；注意”，后接of/about，均不符合句意；“make a difference to”表示“对……产生影响/起作用”，根据“Every small action can...to the environment.”可知句子想要表达“每一个小行动都能对环境产生影响”。应填make a difference。 5．Our maths teacher is very _________ with us. She always asks us to finish homework on time and correct mistakes carefully. A．kind B．strict C．friendly D．patient 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们的数学老师对我们很严格。她总是要求我们按时完成作业，并且认真改正错误。 kind体贴的；strict严格的；friendly友好的；patient耐心的。根据“She always asks us to finish homework on time and correct mistakes carefully.”可知，此处是强调老师对我们很“严格”，应填strict。 6．After three months of practice, her English _________ has improved a lot.She can now talk with foreigners. A．level B．speed C．score D．place 【答案】A 【详解】句意：经过三个月的练习，她的英语水平提高了很多。她现在可以和外国人交谈了。 level水平；speed速度；score分数；place地点。English level表示“英语水平”与“She can now talk with foreigners.”对应。因此选level。 7．—Sir, you can’t park on either side of Zhongshan Road. Otherwise (否则), you ________. —Sorry, I’m leaving. Thanks for telling me that. A．was fined B．are fining C．will be fine D．will be fined 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——先生，您不能在中山路两侧停车，否则您会被罚款。——抱歉，我马上开走，谢谢你告诉我。 根据“otherwise”可知，此处是对将来可能发生的结果进行预测，且“you”和“fine（罚款）”之间是被动关系，此处需用一般将来时被动语态，其结构为“will be + 过去分词”，fine的过去分词是在词尾加d，应填will be fined。 8．—You saved money by repairing the bike yourself instead of buying a new one. —Yes. I think we should use our money ________. A．totally B．patiently C．wisely D．completely 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你自己修自行车而不是买新的，省下了钱。——是的。我认为我们应该明智地使用我们的钱。 totally完全地；patiently耐心地；wisely明智地；completely彻底地。根据前句“自己修车省钱”可知，这里强调要“明智地”支配金钱，应填wisely。 9．—My brother still prefers reading paper books. —Really? Hasn’t he ever tried ________ ones? They are much more convenient. A．electronic B．electric C．single-use D．second-hand 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我弟弟仍然更喜欢读纸质书。 ——真的吗？他从没试过电子书吗？它们方便多了。 根据前句“prefers reading paper books”和后句“They are much more convenient”，可知此处是将“纸质书”与“电子书”进行对比。“electronic”意为“电子的”，“electronic ones”指代 “electronic books”，符合“更便捷” 的描述。electric“带电的、电动的”，通常用于描述电器、设备，不用于修饰书籍； single-use “一次性的”，与书籍的使用场景和“便捷”的语境无关；second-hand “二手的”，二手书并不比纸质书更便捷，与语境逻辑不符。 10．Which of the following actions is NOT part of green life? A．Planting more trees in spring. B．Taking your own bags when shopping. C．Walking or riding bikes to school. D．Burning rubbish in the open air. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：以下哪个行为不属于绿色生活？ 考查常识。Planting more trees in spring.春天多种树；Taking your own bags when shopping.购物时自带袋子；Walking or riding bikes to school.步行或骑车上学；Burning rubbish in the open air.露天焚烧垃圾。根据常识，露天焚烧垃圾会产生大量有害气体，严重污染空气，不属于绿色生活。故选D。 二、完形填空。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) You must know about the Great Wall. But have you 11 of the “Great Green Wall”? It’s the green belt (绿化地带) around the Taklimakan Desert (塔克拉玛干沙漠) in Xinjiang. It’s 3,046 kilometres long and our country finished 12 it on 27 November in 2024. People call the Taklimakan Desert the “Sea of Death”. Its sand dunes (沙丘) are very 13 , some reaching 300 metres. Sandstorms from it cause 14 to the environment, farming and people’s health. To fix this problem, our country started building the green belt in 1978. It 15 more than 40 years to finish the project. Building the green belt was difficult. Many people worked in the desert day and night. 16 , their hard work finally paid off. The green belt is helpful. It 17 big sandstorms, makes the air clean and keeps roads and buildings safe. 18 , it’s good for the economy (经济). For example, some 19 plants can be made into medicine. The green belt around the Taklimakan Desert sets an example 20 other countries with deserts. Hopefully, more countries will learn from it and take action to protect the environment. 11．A．reminded B．thought C．heard D．kept 12．A．building B．growing C．cleaning D．passing 13．A．wide B．high C．deep D．large 14．A．good B．harm C．help D．interest 15．A．spent B．cost C．took D．paid 16．A．Recently B．Suddenly C．Luckily D．Exactly 17．A．brings B．stops C．follows D．changes 18．A．Besides B．But C．However D．Yet 19．A．special B．plastic C．modern D．cheap 20．A．with B．in C．at D．for 【答案】 11．C 12．A 13．B 14．B 15．C 16．C 17．B 18．A 19．A 20．D 【导语】本文介绍中国新疆塔克拉玛干沙漠的绿色长城，讲述其建设过程、作用及对其他国家的借鉴意义。 11．句意：你一定知道长城，但是你听说过绿色长城吗？ 空后为of the “Great Green Wall”，hear of表示“听说”，符合文意。 12．句意：它长3046千米，我国在2024年11月27日完成了建设。 空后提到2024年11月27日是完工时间，此处指完成建造这条绿化带，finish building表示“完成建造”，符合文意。 13．句意：它的沙丘非常高，有些高达300米。 空后为some reaching 300 metres，说明沙丘很高，high符合文意。 14．句意：来自这里的沙尘暴对环境、农业和人们的健康造成危害。 上文提到Sandstorms，cause harm表示“造成危害”，符合文意。 15．句意：完成这个项目花费了40多年。 It takes time to do sth.是固定句型，表示“做某事花费时间”，此处用过去式took。 16．句意：许多人日夜在沙漠工作，幸运的是，他们的努力终于有了回报。 上文提到建设很艰难，luckily表示“幸运地”，符合语境转折。 17．句意：绿化带很有用，它阻挡大沙尘暴，净化空气，保护道路和建筑安全。 上文提到绿化带的作用，stop表示“阻挡”，符合文意。 18．句意：除此之外，它对经济也有好处。 上文介绍了绿化带的环保作用，besides表示“此外”，用于补充说明。 19．句意：例如，一些特殊的植物可以被制成药材。 special表示“特殊的”，修饰plants符合文意。 20．句意：塔克拉玛干沙漠周边的绿化带为其他有沙漠的国家树立了榜样。 set an example for是固定搭配，表示“为……树立榜样”。 三、阅读理解。(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) A Did you take part in any tree-planting activities this past March 12? Or maybe you went to check out the little tree you planted a few years ago? Standing beside it, you might have been amazed at how much it has changed. It’s really great to watch a tree grow year by year. Even the tallest ones of them grow from tiny seeds (种子). Have you ever wondered how? A full-grown tree may drop hundreds or even thousands of seeds a year. Inside each seed is something called an embryo(胚). Think of it as a small group of cells (细胞). These cells are ready to form roots, stems (茎), and first leaves. Once the covering around the seed gets wet, the embryo cells, which have been patiently waiting, suddenly come to life. They start to grow and break out. This is called germination. First, the roots develop and push out and down into the soil. This makes sure the new plant can get water from the soil. Then the stem grows up and makes the first leaves. As these leaves produce “food” in the sunlight, the plant gets the energy to grow more new leaves. Let’s imagine you drive a nail (钉子) into a tree at one metre above the ground. What will you see when you come back in ten years? The tree will be much taller, but the nail will still be only one metre above the ground. That’s because trees get taller by growing upwards from the top. At the same time, their trunk gets thicker by growing outwards. It is like the tree has two different ways of growing at the same time. The upward growth is like a race towards the sky, reaching for more sunlight, while the outward growth of the trunk is like adding more and more rings of protection and support. As trees get older, they continue to grow taller and thicker. Guess how tall the world’s tallest living tree is? Over 110 metres! That’s as tall as a 30-floor building! Isn’t it amazing? 21．Which one of the pictures shows the stage of germination? A． B． C． D． 22．Why does the writer use the example of driving a nail into a tree in Paragraph 4? A．To explain why people put nails in trees. B．To help readers understand how trees grow taller. C．To show that nails don’t stop trees from growing. D．To teach readers a way to record the growth of trees. 23．If a tree trunk gets thicker over time, what will happen to a metal ring (金属环) put around the bottom of the trunk after 10 years? A．The metal ring will go into the soil. B．The metal ring will be higher off the ground. C．The metal ring will move up and down along the trunk. D．The metal ring will stay at the same height but may embed (嵌入) in the tree. 24．From the article, we can find the answer to the question “__________” ①How do trees get water from the soil? ②Why does a nail in a tree trunk stay at the same height over time? ③How many seeds does a full-grown tree drop in its lifetime? ④How tall can the tallest trees in the world grow? ⑤How long does a seed take to grow leaves? A．①③④ B．①②③ C．②④⑤ D．①②④ 25．Which of the following best represents the structure of the passage? A．Tell stories → List facts → Give a warning B．Ask questions → Explain steps → Share a fact C．List problems → Study reasons → Offer advice D．Share experiences → Show examples → Introduce features 【答案】21．A 22．B 23．D 24．D 25．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，通过提问和举例的方式，生动地解释了树木的生长过程，包括种子发芽、树木长高和长粗的机制，以及世界上最高树木的高度。 21．第三段描述萌发阶段：“This is called germination. First, the roots develop…Then the stem grows up and makes the first leaves”，这说明萌发先长根、再长茎叶，对应图A。 22．第四段以钉钉子为例：“…the tree will be much taller, but the nail will still be only one metre above the ground. That’s because trees get taller by growing upwards from the top”，结合该内容可推知，作者用这个例子直观解释树木长高是从顶端向上生长，因此钉子高度不会随树木长高而改变，以此帮助读者理解树木长高的机制。 23．第四段说明树干变粗带来的影响：“their trunk gets thicker by growing outwards…the outward growth of the trunk is like adding more and more rings of protection and support”，这说明树干会向外生长变粗，可推知金属环高度不变，但会被嵌入树干。 24．第三段说明树木如何吸水：“the roots develop…This makes sure the new plant can get water from the soil.”对应问题①；第四段通过钉子的例子，说明钉子高度不变的原因，对应问题②；第五段指出最高树的高度：“Guess how tall the world’s tallest living tree is? Over 110 metres!”对应问题④。其他问题文中未提及。 25．文章结构为：开头提问（如“Have you ever wondered how?”）→解释步骤（如种子发芽、树木生长机制）→分享事实（如最高树木的高度）。 B Nowadays, more and more people pay attention to food safety and environmental protection. Eco-friendly food packaging (包装) has become a new trend. It combines traditional materials with modern technology to meet people’s needs. One example is rice paper packaging. Rice paper is a traditional Chinese material made from rice. It is biodegradable (可生物降解的), which means it can break down naturally in the environment. Now, some companies use rice paper to package snacks, fruits and even fast food. Unlike plastic packaging, rice paper doesn’t pollute the environment. What’s more, it is safe and harmless to humans. Another example is bamboo fiber packaging. Bamboo fiber is made from bamboo. It is soft, strong and waterproof. Many milk tea shops now use bamboo fiber cups instead of plastic cups. These cups can be recycled or degraded easily. Some companies also make bamboo fiber boxes for takeaway food. They are not only eco-friendly but also keep the food warm. Eco-friendly food packaging is good for both people and the planet. It reduces plastic pollution and protects our health. However, it is a bit more expensive than plastic packaging. But as more people choose eco-friendly products, the price may go down in the future. We should support eco-friendly packaging to create a greener world. 26．What is the new trend in food packaging? A．Eco-friendly packaging B．Metal packaging C．Plastic packaging D．Glass packaging 27．Rice paper packaging is ________. A．non-biodegradable B．harmful to humans C．expensive D．made from rice 28．Bamboo fiber cups are used in many ________ now. A．bookstores B．milk tea shops C．hospitals D．schools 29．What is the disadvantage of eco-friendly food packaging? A．It is not waterproof. B．It is not strong. C．It is a bit more expensive. D．It can’t keep food warm. 30．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Traditional food packaging is better than modern packaging. B．Eco-friendly food packaging is a new trend. C．Plastic packaging should be banned. D．Bamboo fiber is the best material for packaging. 【答案】26．A 27．D 28．B 29．C 30．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了随着人们对食品安全和环境保护的重视，环保食品包装已成为新趋势，并具体介绍了米纸包装和竹纤维包装的特点、应用，以及环保食品包装的优缺点。 26．细节理解题。根据文中“Eco-friendly food packaging (包装) has become a new trend.”可知，食品包装的新趋势是环保包装，故选A。 27．细节理解题。根据文中“Rice paper is a traditional Chinese material made from rice.”可知，米纸包装由大米制成，故选D。 28．细节理解题。根据文中“Many milk tea shops now use bamboo fiber cups instead of plastic cups.”可知，现在很多奶茶店使用竹纤维杯子，故选B。 29．细节理解题。根据文中“However, it is a bit more expensive than plastic packaging.”可知，环保食品包装的缺点是稍微贵一些，故选C。 30．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要围绕环保食品包装已成为新趋势展开，介绍了其相关情况，故选B。 C Vertical Greening: A New Way to Make Cities Greener    In recent years, more and more cities around the world are facing environmental problems such as air pollution and the heat island effect (热岛效应). To solve these problems, many cities have started to try vertical greening (垂直绿化). Vertical greening means growing plants on the walls of buildings, bridges and other structures. It is a new and effective way to make cities greener and more livable.     Vertical greening has many advantages. First, it can improve air quality. Plants absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen through photosynthesis (光合作用). They can also filter (过滤) dust and harmful gases in the air, making the air cleaner. Second, it can reduce the heat island effect. Green plants can absorb heat from the sun and cool down the surrounding environment. Studies show that buildings with vertical greening are 5 to 8 degrees cooler in summer than those without. Third, vertical greening can provide habitats (栖息地) for birds and insects, helping to protect biodiversity (生物多样性). In addition, it can make cities more beautiful and enjoyable.     However, vertical greening is not easy to carry out. It requires careful planning and proper technology. For example, the walls need to be strong enough to support the weight of the plants and the soil. Special irrigation systems (灌溉系统) are also needed to water the plants regularly. Moreover, choosing the right plants is important. Some plants are more suitable for vertical growth, such as ivy (常春藤), climbing roses and ferns (蕨类植物). These plants have strong climbing abilities and can adapt to the environment on walls.     Many cities in China have already adopted vertical greening. For example, in Shanghai, many office buildings and residential buildings have green walls. The Shanghai Tower, one of the tallest buildings in the world, has a large-scale vertical greening system. In Guangzhou, some bridges are covered with green plants, which not only look beautiful but also help to reduce noise. These examples show that vertical greening is becoming more and more popular in China.     As cities continue to develop, vertical greening will play a more important role in creating a sustainable (可持续的) urban environment. It is a promising way to make our cities greener, healthier and more comfortable to live in. 31．What is vertical greening? A．Growing plants on the ground in cities. B．Growing plants on the walls of buildings and other structures. C．Making cities greener by planting more trees in parks. D．Using green materials to build buildings. 32．Which of the following is NOT an advantage of vertical greening? A．Improving air quality. B．Reducing the heat island effect. C．Increasing the weight of buildings. D．Protecting biodiversity. 33．Why is choosing the right plants important for vertical greening? A．Because some plants are more expensive. B．Because some plants have strong climbing abilities and can adapt to the wall environment. C．Because some plants can absorb more carbon dioxide. D．Because some plants are more beautiful. 34．Which city in China is mentioned as an example of adopting vertical greening? A．Beijing. B．Shanghai. C．Chengdu. D．Chongqing. 35．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The problems of modern cities. B．The advantages of vertical greening. C．Vertical greening as a new way to make cities greener. D．The development of vertical greening in the world. 【答案】31．B 32．C 33．B 34．B 35．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕“垂直绿化”展开，先明确其定义，接着阐述其改善空气质量、缓解热岛效应、保护生物多样性等优势，同时说明实施垂直绿化所需的技术和植物选择要求，最后通过上海、广州的案例展示其在国内的应用，指出垂直绿化是让城市更绿色、更宜居的有效新方式，未来将在城市可持续发展中发挥重要作用。 31．细节理解题。根据第一段“Vertical greening means growing plants on the walls of buildings, bridges and other structures.”可知，垂直绿化的定义是在建筑墙体、桥梁等结构上种植植物。故选B。 32．细节理解题。根据第二段“Vertical greening has many advantages. First, it can improve air quality… Second, it can reduce the heat island effect… Third, vertical greening can provide habitats for birds and insects, helping to protect biodiversity. In addition, it can make cities more beautiful and enjoyable.”可知，本段列举了垂直绿化的优势：改善空气质量 (A)、缓解热岛效应 (B)、保护生物多样性 (D)，还提到能美化城市；选项C“增加建筑重量”并非优势，而是实施垂直绿化时需要考虑的承重问题 (第三段提到“墙壁需要足够坚固以支撑植物和土壤的重量”)，属于实施挑战而非优势。故选C。 33．细节理解题。根据第三段“choosing the right plants is important. Some plants are more suitable for vertical growth, such as ivy, climbing roses and ferns. These plants have strong climbing abilities and can adapt to the environment on walls.”可知，选择合适植物的原因是部分植物攀爬能力强，能适应墙体环境。故选B。 34．细节理解题。根据第四段“For example, in Shanghai, many office buildings and residential buildings have green walls… In Guangzhou, some bridges are covered with green plants, which not only look beautiful but also help to reduce noise.”可知，本段提到了上海和广州垂直绿化案例，但选项中只有上海，A (北京)、C (成都)、D (重庆) 均未在文中出现。故选B。 35．主旨大意题。文章标题“Vertical Greening: A New Way to Make Cities Greener”直接点明主旨，全文围绕“垂直绿化作为城市绿化的新方式”展开，涵盖定义、优势、实施、案例等内容。选项A (现代城市问题) 是引出话题的背景，并非主旨；选项B (垂直绿化的优势) 是文章部分内容，不全面；选项D (全球垂直绿化的发展) 文中未重点提及，仅介绍了国内案例。故选C。 D）信息还原 A carbon footprint (碳足迹) is the total amount of greenhouse gases (温室气体) that are produced by our actions. A person’s carbon footprint in the United States is 16 tons every year, one of the highest in the world. To avoid a 2℃ rise in the earth’s temperatures, the carbon footprint per year needs to drop to under 2 tons by 2050. 36 So here are some simple steps we can take to help. Look at what you’re eating Eating more vegetables and fruit and less meat is surely good for our environment. 37 Eating less meat can reduce your carbon footprint by up to 500 kilograms of per year. Save energy at home Much of the home energy is powered by coal, oil and gas. Try to use less energy by washing your clothes with cold water. 38 For example, you can put in solar panels (太阳能板) to collect energy from the sun for your home Walk, bike or take public transport The world’s roadways are full of traffic, and most of them are polluting the air. Walking or riding a bike instead of driving will reduce greenhouse gases. 39 For longer trips, choosing public transport will be better. Reduce, reuse and recycle Buying things that are well made can go a long way to reducing the amount of waste one produces. 40 Of course, if you can’t reuse something, you can also try to recycle it. A．If you don’t want something anymore, give it away or try to reuse it. B．It will also do harm to your health and fitness. C．Choose to use energy from the sun and wind if possible. D．If you really need a car, why not choose an electric one? E．It’s not easy to lower the carbon footprint from 16 tons to 2 tons. F．This is because producing foods made from plants needs less energy. 【答案】36．E 37．F 38．C 39．D 40．A 【导语】本文围绕减少个人碳足迹、应对全球变暖展开，给出了多个日常生活中的减排建议。 36．根据“To avoid a 2°C rise in the earth’s temperatures, the carbon footprint per year needs to drop to under 2 tons by 2050”可知，前文提出了从16吨降至2吨的减排目标，后文“So here are some simple steps we can take to help”引出应对措施，E选项“将碳足迹从16吨降低到2吨并不容易”承接了减排目标的难度，自然引出下文的具体建议。故选E。 37．根据“Eating more vegetables and fruit and less meat is surely good for our environment”可知，本段在说明多吃植物性食物对环境的益处，F选项“这是因为生产植物性食物需要更少的能源”进一步解释了这一做法的原因，与前文逻辑衔接紧密。故选F。 38．根据“For example, you can put in solar panels to collect energy from the sun for your home”可知，本段在介绍家庭节能的具体方法，C选项“如果可能的话，选择使用太阳能和风能”与后文提到的太阳能板例子相呼应，符合“Save energy at home”的段落主题。故选C。 39．根据“Walking or riding a bike instead of driving will reduce greenhouse gases”可知，本段在倡导低碳出行方式，D选项“如果你真的需要一辆车，为什么不选择电动汽车呢？”补充了在必须开车时的低碳选择，与“Walk, bike or take public transport”的主题契合。故选D。 40．根据“Of course, if you can’t reuse something, you can also try to recycle it”可知，本段在强调减少浪费、重复利用和回收的重要性，A选项“如果你不再想要某样东西，就把它送人或尝试重复使用”具体说明了“重复利用”的做法，与后文逻辑连贯。故选A。 四、单词拼写。(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) A）用方框中所给单词或短语填空。 damage, solar power, single-use, make efforts, is filled with 41． uses sunlight to make electricity and produces no pollution. 42．The box books and I can’t move it. 43．Desertification has caused great to the living environment for both animals and people. 44．To protect the environment, we must avoid using things, like plastic bottles and bags. 45．Nothing is impossible. It means everything can happen if you . 【答案】41．Solar power 42．is filled with 43．damage 44．single-use 45．make efforts 【解析】41．句意：太阳能利用阳光来发电并且不产生污染。根据“uses sunlight to make electricity and produces no pollution”可知，此处说的是太阳能，solar power“太阳能”，首字母大写。 42．句意：这个箱子里装满了书，我搬不动它。根据“I can’t move it.”可知，箱子很重，结合“books”可知，箱子里装满了书，be filled with“充满”，主语是单数，时态为一般现在时，be动词用is。 43．句意：沙漠化给动物和人类的生存环境造成了巨大的破坏。根据“Desertification”可知，沙漠化会带来破坏，damage“破坏”，不可数名词。 44．句意：为了保护环境，我们必须避免使用一次性物品，如塑料瓶和塑料袋。根据“like plastic bottles and bags”可知，此处指的是一次性物品，single-use“一次性的”，形容词作定语。 45．句意：没有什么是不可能的。它的意思是只要你努力，一切皆有可能。根据“Nothing is impossible. It means everything can happen”可知，一切皆有可能的前提是要努力，make efforts“努力”，从句用一般现在时，主语是you，动词用原形。 B）用所给单词正确形式填空。 46．If you park your car in the wrong place, you ________ (fine) 20 yuan. 【答案】will be fined 【详解】句意：如果你把车停在错误的地方，你将被罚款20元。本句为含有if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的原则，从句使用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。又因为you与fine之间是被动关系，表示“被罚款”，所以主句应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“will be+过去分词”，fine的过去分词为fined。 47．The teacher asked us to design ________ (poster) that show our love for our hometown. 【答案】posters 【详解】句意：老师让我们设计展示我们对家乡热爱的海报。句中“that show our love for our hometown”为定语从句，从句谓语动词show为原形，提示先行词应为复数形式。poster“海报”是可数名词，其复数形式需在词尾加-s，故填posters。 48．There is an ________ (organize) called “Green Hope”, working to protect the environment in our town. 【答案】organization 【详解】句意：我们镇上有一个名为“绿色希望”的组织，致力于保护环境。所给提示词“organize”是动词，意为“组织”，前面有不定冠词“an”来修饰，后需接可数名词单数，organize名词形式organization“组织、团体”，是可数名词单数形式。 49．Waste paper should not ________ (throw) everywhere in the classroom. 【答案】be thrown 【详解】句意：废纸不应该被扔在教室里到处都是。主语“Waste paper”与提示词throw之间为被动关系，表示“废纸被扔”，结合“should”可知，此处为含情态动词的被动语态，结构为“情态动词+be+动词过去分词”，因此should not后接be动词原形，throw的过去分词为thrown。故填be thrown。 50．My mum told me not to eat snacks from ________ (clean) stalls(货摊) on the street. 【答案】unclean 【详解】句意：我妈妈告诉我不要吃街上不干净的货摊里的零食。句中told me not to eat snacks提示，妈妈禁止的是“不干净” 的货摊，因此需要将clean 变为其反义词unclean修饰名词stalls。故填unclean。 51．Her patience and support made a big ________ (different) to his recovery from the illness. 【答案】difference 【详解】句意：她的耐心和支持对他从疾病中康复起了很大作用。“make a big difference”是固定搭配，意为“有很大影响”，“different”的名词形式是“difference”。故填difference。 52．The school has introduced ________ (electricity) teaching tools to make classes more interesting. 【答案】electric 【详解】句意：学校引进了电子教学工具，使课堂更有趣。句中“teaching tools”是名词短语，需要形容词修饰，“electricity”的形容词形式是“electric”，意为“电动的”。故填electric。 53．One of the main ________ (cause) of air pollution in cities is the large number of motor vehicles. 【答案】causes 【详解】句意：城市空气污染的主要原因之一是大量的机动车。根据“One of the main…”及提示词可知，此处表达“主要原因之一”，one of+名词复数，cause“原因”，可数名词，复数为causes。故填causes。 54．Eco-friendly products are now ________ (wide) used in daily life because more people pay attention to environmental protection. 【答案】widely 【详解】句意：环保产品现在在日常生活中被广泛使用，因为越来越多的人开始关注环境保护。句中“used”是动词，需要副词来修饰；“wide”的副词形式是“widely”，意为“广泛地”。故填widely。 55．________ (recycle) is a good way to improve the environment. 【答案】Recycling 【详解】句意：回收利用是改善环境的好方法。句中需要一个词作主语，动词“recycle”作主语时需变为动名词形式“recycling”，且位于句首首字母要大写。故填Recycling。 五、语法填空 (本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) Have you ever washed your clothes without detergent(洗涤剂)? I’ve been doing this since early May. In summer, most of my shirts and T-shirts only get dirty with sweat(汗水). So, a fast wash with pure water is all that is needed. It’s not 56 costs—detergents are not expensive. It’s all about reducing plastic pollution. Many detergents have microplastics in them. Microplastics are tiny pieces of plastic. They are 57 (little) than five millimetres across. Also, washing clothes causes them to shed(脱落) tiny plastic fibres(纤维). These fibres are also 58 kind of microplastic. These tiny pieces of plastic end up being washed into the sea. 59 fish take them in, they enter the human food chain(链). This is bad for the environment, sea life and us humans. It’s time to make a decision to use less detergent. It’s a matter of personal choice, but meaningful and great. Clearly, plastic pollution will not disappear overnight. But we can choose 60 (reduce) the use of plastics slowly. We can try to reuse plastics in our 61 (day) lives. Over the past few months, people around us have taken   62 (act) to help do it. In 2024, a “green” market 63 (hold) in a neighbourhood in Shanghai’s Jing’an District. People there brought empty, used plastic bottles to the market. They filled 64 (they) bottles with a detergent provided by a detergent producer. Such events can help reduce the need for new plastic bottles. All in all, we can take small steps each day to help the environment. And I hope that one day, clothes made from “green” materials 65 (become) popular. This will help to further reduce plastic pollution from laundry. 【答案】 56．about 57．less 58．a 59．When 60．to reduce 61．daily 62．action 63．was held 64．their 65．will become 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者通过不用洗涤剂洗衣服的亲身经历，介绍了微塑料污染的危害，并呼吁人们减少塑料使用、践行环保生活方式。 56．句意：这和成本无关——洗涤剂并不贵，而是为了减少塑料污染。空格处缺少介词。根据下句“ It’s all about reducing plastic pollution.”可知，空格处表示“与……无关”的含义。“It’s not about...” 是固定表达，意为 “这和……无关”，符合语境逻辑。 57．句意：它们的直径小于五毫米。根据标志词“than” 可知，空处应填little的比较级。“less than”意为“少于”，符合语境。 58．句意：这些纤维也是一种微塑料。“a kind of”是固定短语，意为“一种”，符合语法与语义。 59．句意：当鱼摄入它们，它们就会进入人类的食物链。分析句子结构可知，空格处需填连词连接两个句子。前后句存在时间关系。 When引导时间状语从句，符合“鱼摄入微塑料后进入食物链”的逻辑。 60．句意：但我们可以选择慢慢减少塑料的使用。“choose to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“选择做某事”，需用to do不定式形式。 61．句意：我们可以在日常生活中尝试重复使用塑料。“lives”是名词，需用形容词修饰。day的形容词形式是daily。“daily lives” 意为 “日常生活”，是固定表达。 62．句意：在过去几个月里，我们身边的人已经采取行动来助力这件事。“take action” 是固定搭配，意为“采取行动”。 63．句意：2024 年，上海静安区某社区举办了一场“绿色” 市集。“In 2024” 表过去时间，且“market”与“hold”是被动关系。一般过去时的被动语态结构为“was/were + 过去分词”。主语是单数用was，hold的过去分词是held。 64．句意：他们用洗涤剂生产商提供的洗涤剂装满自己的瓶子。“bottles” 是名词，需用形容词性物主代词修饰。应填their。 65．句意：我希望有一天，由“绿色”材料制成的衣服会变得流行。“one day”表将来时间，用一般将来时。故填will become。 六、书面表达。(共15分) 中国式现代化是人与自然和谐共生的现代化，绿色低碳是中国式现代化的底色。为大力弘扬绿色低碳的理念，学校英语俱乐部开展以“What Can We Do to Live a Low-carbon Life?”为主题的演讲比赛。假如你是李华，请你根据以下思维导图，写一篇80~100词的演讲稿，参加比赛。 What Can We Do to Live a Low-carbon Life? Hello, everyone. I’m Li Hua. It’s nice to speak about what we can do to live a low-carbon life and I think each of us can do a little bit to help with this goal. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 What Can We Do to Live a Low-carbon Life? Hello, everyone. I’m Li Hua. It’s nice to speak about what we can do to live a low-carbon life, and I think each of us can do a little bit to help achieve this goal. Firstly, we can plant trees to block wind and prevent soil erosion, which helps protect the environment. We should also save water by reusing it and save electricity by turning off lights and appliances when they’re not in use. For travel, choosing public transport or biking instead of driving alone can greatly reduce carbon emissions. Besides, we can use cloth bags instead of plastic ones when shopping and recycle waste materials to reduce pollution. Let’s take action now and contribute to a greener future! 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：议论文（演讲稿形式），用一般现在时为主 明确要点：植树（作用）、节约能源（节约用水、节约用电）、更环保的出行方式、减少浪费（使用布袋、回收利用） 确定人称：第一人称（I/we/our） 注意事项：演讲稿格式，围绕“What Can We Do to Live a Low-carbon Life?”主题展开 [第二步：构思布局] 开头段：引出话题，表明每个人都能为实现低碳生活目标出份力 主体段：分别从植树、节约能源、环保出行、减少浪费四个方面阐述做法 结尾段：呼吁大家行动起来，共创绿色未来 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：植树 植树作用：plant trees to block wind and prevent soil erosion（植树防风固土）；protect the environment（保护环境） 拓展表达：Trees can absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen.（树木能吸收二氧化碳并释放氧气） 要点二：节约能源 节约用水：save water by reusing it（通过重复用水来节约用水） 拓展表达：We can collect rainwater for watering plants.（我们可以收集雨水来浇花） 节约用电：save electricity by turning off lights and appliances when they’re not in use（不用时关灯和电器来节约用电） 拓展表达：We should unplug chargers when they are not charging.（不充电时应该拔掉充电器） 要点三：更环保的出行方式 出行方式：choosing public transport or biking instead of driving alone（选择公共交通或骑自行车而不是独自开车） 拓展表达：We can also walk for short distances.（短距离我们也可以步行） 作用效果：reduce carbon emissions（减少碳排放） 拓展表达：cut down on air pollution（减少空气污染） 要点四：减少浪费 使用布袋：use cloth bags instead of plastic ones when shopping（购物时用布袋代替塑料袋） 拓展表达：Cloth bags are reusable and eco-friendly.（布袋可重复使用且环保） 回收利用：recycle waste materials to reduce pollution（回收利用废料来减少污染） 拓展表达：We can sort garbage for recycling.（我们可以对垃圾进行分类以便回收利用） 结尾呼吁句型： Let’s take action now and contribute to a greener future!（让我们现在行动起来，为绿色未来贡献力量！） It’s time for us to do something to protect our planet.（是我们为保护地球做些事情的时候了。） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测 Unit 8·培优卷（参考答案） 一、单项选择。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 A A C D B A D C A D 二、完形填空。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 11．C 12．A 13．B 14．B 15．C 16．C 17．B 18．A 19．A 20．D 三、阅读理解。(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 21．A 22．B 23．D 24．D 25．B 26．A 27．D 28．B 29．C 30．B 31．B 32．C 33．B 34．B 35．C 36．E 37．F 38．C 39．D 40．A 四、单词拼写。(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 41．Solar power 42．is filled with 43．damage 44．single-use 45．make efforts 46．will be fined47．posters48．organization49．be thrown50．Unclean 51．difference52．electric53．causes54．widely55．Recycling 五、语法填空 (本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 56．about 57．less 58．a 59．When 60．to reduce 61．daily 62．action 63．was held 64．their 65．will become 六、书面表达。(共15分) 【参考范文】 What Can We Do to Live a Low-carbon Life? Hello, everyone. I’m Li Hua. It’s nice to speak about what we can do to live a low-carbon life, and I think each of us can do a little bit to help achieve this goal. Firstly, we can plant trees to block wind and prevent soil erosion, which helps protect the environment. We should also save water by reusing it and save electricity by turning off lights and appliances when they’re not in use. For travel, choosing public transport or biking instead of driving alone can greatly reduce carbon emissions. Besides, we can use cloth bags instead of plastic ones when shopping and recycle waste materials to reduce pollution. Let’s take action now and contribute to a greener future! 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测 Unit 8·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 一、单项选择。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 1．—People must wear helmets when they ride e-bikes ________ the traffic rules. —Yes. Or they will be punished. A．according to B．thanks to C．as for D．instead of 2．—I can ________ believe my eyes. Bob, you haven’t changed at all! You look exactly the same as before. —Really? Thank you. A．hardly B．mainly C．finally D．really 3．If students break the school rules, the teacher may _________ them by asking them to clean the classroom. A．praise B．help C．punish D．encourage 4．Every small action can _________ to the environment. For example, saving one drop of water every day can help save resources. A．turn up B．put up C．take care D．make a difference 5．Our maths teacher is very _________ with us. She always asks us to finish homework on time and correct mistakes carefully. A．kind B．strict C．friendly D．patient 6．After three months of practice, her English _________ has improved a lot.She can now talk with foreigners. A．level B．speed C．score D．place 7．—Sir, you can’t park on either side of Zhongshan Road. Otherwise (否则), you ________. —Sorry, I’m leaving. Thanks for telling me that. A．was fined B．are fining C．will be fine D．will be fined 8．—You saved money by repairing the bike yourself instead of buying a new one. —Yes. I think we should use our money ________. A．totally B．patiently C．wisely D．completely 9．—My brother still prefers reading paper books. —Really? Hasn’t he ever tried ________ ones? They are much more convenient. A．electronic B．electric C．single-use D．second-hand 10．Which of the following actions is NOT part of green life? A．Planting more trees in spring. B．Taking your own bags when shopping. C．Walking or riding bikes to school. D．Burning rubbish in the open air. 二、完形填空。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) You must know about the Great Wall. But have you 11 of the “Great Green Wall”? It’s the green belt (绿化地带) around the Taklimakan Desert (塔克拉玛干沙漠) in Xinjiang. It’s 3,046 kilometres long and our country finished 12 it on 27 November in 2024. People call the Taklimakan Desert the “Sea of Death”. Its sand dunes (沙丘) are very 13 , some reaching 300 metres. Sandstorms from it cause 14 to the environment, farming and people’s health. To fix this problem, our country started building the green belt in 1978. It 15 more than 40 years to finish the project. Building the green belt was difficult. Many people worked in the desert day and night. 16 , their hard work finally paid off. The green belt is helpful. It 17 big sandstorms, makes the air clean and keeps roads and buildings safe. 18 , it’s good for the economy (经济). For example, some 19 plants can be made into medicine. The green belt around the Taklimakan Desert sets an example 20 other countries with deserts. Hopefully, more countries will learn from it and take action to protect the environment. 11．A．reminded B．thought C．heard D．kept 12．A．building B．growing C．cleaning D．passing 13．A．wide B．high C．deep D．large 14．A．good B．harm C．help D．interest 15．A．spent B．cost C．took D．paid 16．A．Recently B．Suddenly C．Luckily D．Exactly 17．A．brings B．stops C．follows D．changes 18．A．Besides B．But C．However D．Yet 19．A．special B．plastic C．modern D．cheap 20．A．with B．in C．at D．for 三、阅读理解。(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) A Did you take part in any tree-planting activities this past March 12? Or maybe you went to check out the little tree you planted a few years ago? Standing beside it, you might have been amazed at how much it has changed. It’s really great to watch a tree grow year by year. Even the tallest ones of them grow from tiny seeds (种子). Have you ever wondered how? A full-grown tree may drop hundreds or even thousands of seeds a year. Inside each seed is something called an embryo(胚). Think of it as a small group of cells (细胞). These cells are ready to form roots, stems (茎), and first leaves. Once the covering around the seed gets wet, the embryo cells, which have been patiently waiting, suddenly come to life. They start to grow and break out. This is called germination. First, the roots develop and push out and down into the soil. This makes sure the new plant can get water from the soil. Then the stem grows up and makes the first leaves. As these leaves produce “food” in the sunlight, the plant gets the energy to grow more new leaves. Let’s imagine you drive a nail (钉子) into a tree at one metre above the ground. What will you see when you come back in ten years? The tree will be much taller, but the nail will still be only one metre above the ground. That’s because trees get taller by growing upwards from the top. At the same time, their trunk gets thicker by growing outwards. It is like the tree has two different ways of growing at the same time. The upward growth is like a race towards the sky, reaching for more sunlight, while the outward growth of the trunk is like adding more and more rings of protection and support. As trees get older, they continue to grow taller and thicker. Guess how tall the world’s tallest living tree is? Over 110 metres! That’s as tall as a 30-floor building! Isn’t it amazing? 21．Which one of the pictures shows the stage of germination? A． B． C． D． 22．Why does the writer use the example of driving a nail into a tree in Paragraph 4? A．To explain why people put nails in trees. B．To help readers understand how trees grow taller. C．To show that nails don’t stop trees from growing. D．To teach readers a way to record the growth of trees. 23．If a tree trunk gets thicker over time, what will happen to a metal ring (金属环) put around the bottom of the trunk after 10 years? A．The metal ring will go into the soil. B．The metal ring will be higher off the ground. C．The metal ring will move up and down along the trunk. D．The metal ring will stay at the same height but may embed (嵌入) in the tree. 24．From the article, we can find the answer to the question “__________” ①How do trees get water from the soil? ②Why does a nail in a tree trunk stay at the same height over time? ③How many seeds does a full-grown tree drop in its lifetime? ④How tall can the tallest trees in the world grow? ⑤How long does a seed take to grow leaves? A．①③④ B．①②③ C．②④⑤ D．①②④ 25．Which of the following best represents the structure of the passage? A．Tell stories → List facts → Give a warning B．Ask questions → Explain steps → Share a fact C．List problems → Study reasons → Offer advice D．Share experiences → Show examples → Introduce features B Nowadays, more and more people pay attention to food safety and environmental protection. Eco-friendly food packaging (包装) has become a new trend. It combines traditional materials with modern technology to meet people’s needs. One example is rice paper packaging. Rice paper is a traditional Chinese material made from rice. It is biodegradable (可生物降解的), which means it can break down naturally in the environment. Now, some companies use rice paper to package snacks, fruits and even fast food. Unlike plastic packaging, rice paper doesn’t pollute the environment. What’s more, it is safe and harmless to humans. Another example is bamboo fiber packaging. Bamboo fiber is made from bamboo. It is soft, strong and waterproof. Many milk tea shops now use bamboo fiber cups instead of plastic cups. These cups can be recycled or degraded easily. Some companies also make bamboo fiber boxes for takeaway food. They are not only eco-friendly but also keep the food warm. Eco-friendly food packaging is good for both people and the planet. It reduces plastic pollution and protects our health. However, it is a bit more expensive than plastic packaging. But as more people choose eco-friendly products, the price may go down in the future. We should support eco-friendly packaging to create a greener world. 26．What is the new trend in food packaging? A．Eco-friendly packaging B．Metal packaging C．Plastic packaging D．Glass packaging 27．Rice paper packaging is ________. A．non-biodegradable B．harmful to humans C．expensive D．made from rice 28．Bamboo fiber cups are used in many ________ now. A．bookstores B．milk tea shops C．hospitals D．schools 29．What is the disadvantage of eco-friendly food packaging? A．It is not waterproof. B．It is not strong. C．It is a bit more expensive. D．It can’t keep food warm. 30．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Traditional food packaging is better than modern packaging. B．Eco-friendly food packaging is a new trend. C．Plastic packaging should be banned. D．Bamboo fiber is the best material for packaging. C Vertical Greening: A New Way to Make Cities Greener    In recent years, more and more cities around the world are facing environmental problems such as air pollution and the heat island effect (热岛效应). To solve these problems, many cities have started to try vertical greening (垂直绿化). Vertical greening means growing plants on the walls of buildings, bridges and other structures. It is a new and effective way to make cities greener and more livable.     Vertical greening has many advantages. First, it can improve air quality. Plants absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen through photosynthesis (光合作用). They can also filter (过滤) dust and harmful gases in the air, making the air cleaner. Second, it can reduce the heat island effect. Green plants can absorb heat from the sun and cool down the surrounding environment. Studies show that buildings with vertical greening are 5 to 8 degrees cooler in summer than those without. Third, vertical greening can provide habitats (栖息地) for birds and insects, helping to protect biodiversity (生物多样性). In addition, it can make cities more beautiful and enjoyable.     However, vertical greening is not easy to carry out. It requires careful planning and proper technology. For example, the walls need to be strong enough to support the weight of the plants and the soil. Special irrigation systems (灌溉系统) are also needed to water the plants regularly. Moreover, choosing the right plants is important. Some plants are more suitable for vertical growth, such as ivy (常春藤), climbing roses and ferns (蕨类植物). These plants have strong climbing abilities and can adapt to the environment on walls.     Many cities in China have already adopted vertical greening. For example, in Shanghai, many office buildings and residential buildings have green walls. The Shanghai Tower, one of the tallest buildings in the world, has a large-scale vertical greening system. In Guangzhou, some bridges are covered with green plants, which not only look beautiful but also help to reduce noise. These examples show that vertical greening is becoming more and more popular in China.     As cities continue to develop, vertical greening will play a more important role in creating a sustainable (可持续的) urban environment. It is a promising way to make our cities greener, healthier and more comfortable to live in. 31．What is vertical greening? A．Growing plants on the ground in cities. B．Growing plants on the walls of buildings and other structures. C．Making cities greener by planting more trees in parks. D．Using green materials to build buildings. 32．Which of the following is NOT an advantage of vertical greening? A．Improving air quality. B．Reducing the heat island effect. C．Increasing the weight of buildings. D．Protecting biodiversity. 33．Why is choosing the right plants important for vertical greening? A．Because some plants are more expensive. B．Because some plants have strong climbing abilities and can adapt to the wall environment. C．Because some plants can absorb more carbon dioxide. D．Because some plants are more beautiful. 34．Which city in China is mentioned as an example of adopting vertical greening? A．Beijing. B．Shanghai. C．Chengdu. D．Chongqing. 35．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The problems of modern cities. B．The advantages of vertical greening. C．Vertical greening as a new way to make cities greener. D．The development of vertical greening in the world. D）信息还原 A carbon footprint (碳足迹) is the total amount of greenhouse gases (温室气体) that are produced by our actions. A person’s carbon footprint in the United States is 16 tons every year, one of the highest in the world. To avoid a 2℃ rise in the earth’s temperatures, the carbon footprint per year needs to drop to under 2 tons by 2050. 36 So here are some simple steps we can take to help. Look at what you’re eating Eating more vegetables and fruit and less meat is surely good for our environment. 37 Eating less meat can reduce your carbon footprint by up to 500 kilograms of per year. Save energy at home Much of the home energy is powered by coal, oil and gas. Try to use less energy by washing your clothes with cold water. 38 For example, you can put in solar panels (太阳能板) to collect energy from the sun for your home Walk, bike or take public transport The world’s roadways are full of traffic, and most of them are polluting the air. Walking or riding a bike instead of driving will reduce greenhouse gases. 39 For longer trips, choosing public transport will be better. Reduce, reuse and recycle Buying things that are well made can go a long way to reducing the amount of waste one produces. 40 Of course, if you can’t reuse something, you can also try to recycle it. A．If you don’t want something anymore, give it away or try to reuse it. B．It will also do harm to your health and fitness. C．Choose to use energy from the sun and wind if possible. D．If you really need a car, why not choose an electric one? E．It’s not easy to lower the carbon footprint from 16 tons to 2 tons. F．This is because producing foods made from plants needs less energy. 四、单词拼写。(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) A）用方框中所给单词或短语填空。 damage, solar power, single-use, make efforts, is filled with 41． uses sunlight to make electricity and produces no pollution. 42．The box books and I can’t move it. 43．Desertification has caused great to the living environment for both animals and people. 44．To protect the environment, we must avoid using things, like plastic bottles and bags. 45．Nothing is impossible. It means everything can happen if you . B）用所给单词正确形式填空。 46．If you park your car in the wrong place, you ________ (fine) 20 yuan. 47．The teacher asked us to design ________ (poster) that show our love for our hometown. 48．There is an ________ (organize) called “Green Hope”, working to protect the environment in our town. 49．Waste paper should not ________ (throw) everywhere in the classroom. 50．My mum told me not to eat snacks from ________ (clean) stalls(货摊) on the street. 51．Her patience and support made a big ________ (different) to his recovery from the illness. 52．The school has introduced ________ (electricity) teaching tools to make classes more interesting. 53．One of the main ________ (cause) of air pollution in cities is the large number of motor vehicles. 54．Eco-friendly products are now ________ (wide) used in daily life because more people pay attention to environmental protection. 55．________ (recycle) is a good way to improve the environment. 五、语法填空 (本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) Have you ever washed your clothes without detergent(洗涤剂)? I’ve been doing this since early May. In summer, most of my shirts and T-shirts only get dirty with sweat(汗水). So, a fast wash with pure water is all that is needed. It’s not 56 costs—detergents are not expensive. It’s all about reducing plastic pollution. Many detergents have microplastics in them. Microplastics are tiny pieces of plastic. They are 57 (little) than five millimetres across. Also, washing clothes causes them to shed(脱落) tiny plastic fibres(纤维). These fibres are also 58 kind of microplastic. These tiny pieces of plastic end up being washed into the sea. 59 fish take them in, they enter the human food chain(链). This is bad for the environment, sea life and us humans. It’s time to make a decision to use less detergent. It’s a matter of personal choice, but meaningful and great. Clearly, plastic pollution will not disappear overnight. But we can choose 60 (reduce) the use of plastics slowly. We can try to reuse plastics in our 61 (day) lives. Over the past few months, people around us have taken   62 (act) to help do it. In 2024, a “green” market 63 (hold) in a neighbourhood in Shanghai’s Jing’an District. People there brought empty, used plastic bottles to the market. They filled 64 (they) bottles with a detergent provided by a detergent producer. Such events can help reduce the need for new plastic bottles. All in all, we can take small steps each day to help the environment. And I hope that one day, clothes made from “green” materials 65 (become) popular. This will help to further reduce plastic pollution from laundry. 六、书面表达。(共15分) 中国式现代化是人与自然和谐共生的现代化，绿色低碳是中国式现代化的底色。为大力弘扬绿色低碳的理念，学校英语俱乐部开展以“What Can We Do to Live a Low-carbon Life?”为主题的演讲比赛。假如你是李华，请你根据以下思维导图，写一篇80~100词的演讲稿，参加比赛。 What Can We Do to Live a Low-carbon Life? Hello, everyone. I’m Li Hua. It’s nice to speak about what we can do to live a low-carbon life and I think each of us can do a little bit to help with this goal. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测 Unit 8·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 一、单项选择。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 1．—People must wear helmets when they ride e-bikes ________ the traffic rules. —Yes. Or they will be punished. A．according to B．thanks to C．as for D．instead of 2．—I can ________ believe my eyes. Bob, you haven’t changed at all! You look exactly the same as before. —Really? Thank you. A．hardly B．mainly C．finally D．really 3．If students break the school rules, the teacher may _________ them by asking them to clean the classroom. A．praise B．help C．punish D．encourage 4．Every small action can _________ to the environment. For example, saving one drop of water every day can help save resources. A．turn up B．put up C．take care D．make a difference 5．Our maths teacher is very _________ with us. She always asks us to finish homework on time and correct mistakes carefully. A．kind B．strict C．friendly D．patient 6．After three months of practice, her English _________ has improved a lot.She can now talk with foreigners. A．level B．speed C．score D．place 7．—Sir, you can’t park on either side of Zhongshan Road. Otherwise (否则), you ________. —Sorry, I’m leaving. Thanks for telling me that. A．was fined B．are fining C．will be fine D．will be fined 8．—You saved money by repairing the bike yourself instead of buying a new one. —Yes. I think we should use our money ________. A．totally B．patiently C．wisely D．completely 9．—My brother still prefers reading paper books. —Really? Hasn’t he ever tried ________ ones? They are much more convenient. A．electronic B．electric C．single-use D．second-hand 10．Which of the following actions is NOT part of green life? A．Planting more trees in spring. B．Taking your own bags when shopping. C．Walking or riding bikes to school. D．Burning rubbish in the open air. 二、完形填空。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) You must know about the Great Wall. But have you 11 of the “Great Green Wall”? It’s the green belt (绿化地带) around the Taklimakan Desert (塔克拉玛干沙漠) in Xinjiang. It’s 3,046 kilometres long and our country finished 12 it on 27 November in 2024. People call the Taklimakan Desert the “Sea of Death”. Its sand dunes (沙丘) are very 13 , some reaching 300 metres. Sandstorms from it cause 14 to the environment, farming and people’s health. To fix this problem, our country started building the green belt in 1978. It 15 more than 40 years to finish the project. Building the green belt was difficult. Many people worked in the desert day and night. 16 , their hard work finally paid off. The green belt is helpful. It 17 big sandstorms, makes the air clean and keeps roads and buildings safe. 18 , it’s good for the economy (经济). For example, some 19 plants can be made into medicine. The green belt around the Taklimakan Desert sets an example 20 other countries with deserts. Hopefully, more countries will learn from it and take action to protect the environment. 11．A．reminded B．thought C．heard D．kept 12．A．building B．growing C．cleaning D．passing 13．A．wide B．high C．deep D．large 14．A．good B．harm C．help D．interest 15．A．spent B．cost C．took D．paid 16．A．Recently B．Suddenly C．Luckily D．Exactly 17．A．brings B．stops C．follows D．changes 18．A．Besides B．But C．However D．Yet 19．A．special B．plastic C．modern D．cheap 20．A．with B．in C．at D．for 三、阅读理解。(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) A Did you take part in any tree-planting activities this past March 12? Or maybe you went to check out the little tree you planted a few years ago? Standing beside it, you might have been amazed at how much it has changed. It’s really great to watch a tree grow year by year. Even the tallest ones of them grow from tiny seeds (种子). Have you ever wondered how? A full-grown tree may drop hundreds or even thousands of seeds a year. Inside each seed is something called an embryo(胚). Think of it as a small group of cells (细胞). These cells are ready to form roots, stems (茎), and first leaves. Once the covering around the seed gets wet, the embryo cells, which have been patiently waiting, suddenly come to life. They start to grow and break out. This is called germination. First, the roots develop and push out and down into the soil. This makes sure the new plant can get water from the soil. Then the stem grows up and makes the first leaves. As these leaves produce “food” in the sunlight, the plant gets the energy to grow more new leaves. Let’s imagine you drive a nail (钉子) into a tree at one metre above the ground. What will you see when you come back in ten years? The tree will be much taller, but the nail will still be only one metre above the ground. That’s because trees get taller by growing upwards from the top. At the same time, their trunk gets thicker by growing outwards. It is like the tree has two different ways of growing at the same time. The upward growth is like a race towards the sky, reaching for more sunlight, while the outward growth of the trunk is like adding more and more rings of protection and support. As trees get older, they continue to grow taller and thicker. Guess how tall the world’s tallest living tree is? Over 110 metres! That’s as tall as a 30-floor building! Isn’t it amazing? 21．Which one of the pictures shows the stage of germination? A． B． C． D． 22．Why does the writer use the example of driving a nail into a tree in Paragraph 4? A．To explain why people put nails in trees. B．To help readers understand how trees grow taller. C．To show that nails don’t stop trees from growing. D．To teach readers a way to record the growth of trees. 23．If a tree trunk gets thicker over time, what will happen to a metal ring (金属环) put around the bottom of the trunk after 10 years? A．The metal ring will go into the soil. B．The metal ring will be higher off the ground. C．The metal ring will move up and down along the trunk. D．The metal ring will stay at the same height but may embed (嵌入) in the tree. 24．From the article, we can find the answer to the question “__________” ①How do trees get water from the soil? ②Why does a nail in a tree trunk stay at the same height over time? ③How many seeds does a full-grown tree drop in its lifetime? ④How tall can the tallest trees in the world grow? ⑤How long does a seed take to grow leaves? A．①③④ B．①②③ C．②④⑤ D．①②④ 25．Which of the following best represents the structure of the passage? A．Tell stories → List facts → Give a warning B．Ask questions → Explain steps → Share a fact C．List problems → Study reasons → Offer advice D．Share experiences → Show examples → Introduce features B Nowadays, more and more people pay attention to food safety and environmental protection. Eco-friendly food packaging (包装) has become a new trend. It combines traditional materials with modern technology to meet people’s needs. One example is rice paper packaging. Rice paper is a traditional Chinese material made from rice. It is biodegradable (可生物降解的), which means it can break down naturally in the environment. Now, some companies use rice paper to package snacks, fruits and even fast food. Unlike plastic packaging, rice paper doesn’t pollute the environment. What’s more, it is safe and harmless to humans. Another example is bamboo fiber packaging. Bamboo fiber is made from bamboo. It is soft, strong and waterproof. Many milk tea shops now use bamboo fiber cups instead of plastic cups. These cups can be recycled or degraded easily. Some companies also make bamboo fiber boxes for takeaway food. They are not only eco-friendly but also keep the food warm. Eco-friendly food packaging is good for both people and the planet. It reduces plastic pollution and protects our health. However, it is a bit more expensive than plastic packaging. But as more people choose eco-friendly products, the price may go down in the future. We should support eco-friendly packaging to create a greener world. 26．What is the new trend in food packaging? A．Eco-friendly packaging B．Metal packaging C．Plastic packaging D．Glass packaging 27．Rice paper packaging is ________. A．non-biodegradable B．harmful to humans C．expensive D．made from rice 28．Bamboo fiber cups are used in many ________ now. A．bookstores B．milk tea shops C．hospitals D．schools 29．What is the disadvantage of eco-friendly food packaging? A．It is not waterproof. B．It is not strong. C．It is a bit more expensive. D．It can’t keep food warm. 30．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Traditional food packaging is better than modern packaging. B．Eco-friendly food packaging is a new trend. C．Plastic packaging should be banned. D．Bamboo fiber is the best material for packaging. C Vertical Greening: A New Way to Make Cities Greener    In recent years, more and more cities around the world are facing environmental problems such as air pollution and the heat island effect (热岛效应). To solve these problems, many cities have started to try vertical greening (垂直绿化). Vertical greening means growing plants on the walls of buildings, bridges and other structures. It is a new and effective way to make cities greener and more livable.     Vertical greening has many advantages. First, it can improve air quality. Plants absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen through photosynthesis (光合作用). They can also filter (过滤) dust and harmful gases in the air, making the air cleaner. Second, it can reduce the heat island effect. Green plants can absorb heat from the sun and cool down the surrounding environment. Studies show that buildings with vertical greening are 5 to 8 degrees cooler in summer than those without. Third, vertical greening can provide habitats (栖息地) for birds and insects, helping to protect biodiversity (生物多样性). In addition, it can make cities more beautiful and enjoyable.     However, vertical greening is not easy to carry out. It requires careful planning and proper technology. For example, the walls need to be strong enough to support the weight of the plants and the soil. Special irrigation systems (灌溉系统) are also needed to water the plants regularly. Moreover, choosing the right plants is important. Some plants are more suitable for vertical growth, such as ivy (常春藤), climbing roses and ferns (蕨类植物). These plants have strong climbing abilities and can adapt to the environment on walls.     Many cities in China have already adopted vertical greening. For example, in Shanghai, many office buildings and residential buildings have green walls. The Shanghai Tower, one of the tallest buildings in the world, has a large-scale vertical greening system. In Guangzhou, some bridges are covered with green plants, which not only look beautiful but also help to reduce noise. These examples show that vertical greening is becoming more and more popular in China.     As cities continue to develop, vertical greening will play a more important role in creating a sustainable (可持续的) urban environment. It is a promising way to make our cities greener, healthier and more comfortable to live in. 31．What is vertical greening? A．Growing plants on the ground in cities. B．Growing plants on the walls of buildings and other structures. C．Making cities greener by planting more trees in parks. D．Using green materials to build buildings. 32．Which of the following is NOT an advantage of vertical greening? A．Improving air quality. B．Reducing the heat island effect. C．Increasing the weight of buildings. D．Protecting biodiversity. 33．Why is choosing the right plants important for vertical greening? A．Because some plants are more expensive. B．Because some plants have strong climbing abilities and can adapt to the wall environment. C．Because some plants can absorb more carbon dioxide. D．Because some plants are more beautiful. 34．Which city in China is mentioned as an example of adopting vertical greening? A．Beijing. B．Shanghai. C．Chengdu. D．Chongqing. 35．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The problems of modern cities. B．The advantages of vertical greening. C．Vertical greening as a new way to make cities greener. D．The development of vertical greening in the world. D）信息还原 A carbon footprint (碳足迹) is the total amount of greenhouse gases (温室气体) that are produced by our actions. A person’s carbon footprint in the United States is 16 tons every year, one of the highest in the world. To avoid a 2℃ rise in the earth’s temperatures, the carbon footprint per year needs to drop to under 2 tons by 2050. 36 So here are some simple steps we can take to help. Look at what you’re eating Eating more vegetables and fruit and less meat is surely good for our environment. 37 Eating less meat can reduce your carbon footprint by up to 500 kilograms of per year. Save energy at home Much of the home energy is powered by coal, oil and gas. Try to use less energy by washing your clothes with cold water. 38 For example, you can put in solar panels (太阳能板) to collect energy from the sun for your home Walk, bike or take public transport The world’s roadways are full of traffic, and most of them are polluting the air. Walking or riding a bike instead of driving will reduce greenhouse gases. 39 For longer trips, choosing public transport will be better. Reduce, reuse and recycle Buying things that are well made can go a long way to reducing the amount of waste one produces. 40 Of course, if you can’t reuse something, you can also try to recycle it. A．If you don’t want something anymore, give it away or try to reuse it. B．It will also do harm to your health and fitness. C．Choose to use energy from the sun and wind if possible. D．If you really need a car, why not choose an electric one? E．It’s not easy to lower the carbon footprint from 16 tons to 2 tons. F．This is because producing foods made from plants needs less energy. 四、单词拼写。(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) A）用方框中所给单词或短语填空。 damage, solar power, single-use, make efforts, is filled with 41． uses sunlight to make electricity and produces no pollution. 42．The box books and I can’t move it. 43．Desertification has caused great to the living environment for both animals and people. 44．To protect the environment, we must avoid using things, like plastic bottles and bags. 45．Nothing is impossible. It means everything can happen if you . B）用所给单词正确形式填空。 46．If you park your car in the wrong place, you ________ (fine) 20 yuan. 47．The teacher asked us to design ________ (poster) that show our love for our hometown. 48．There is an ________ (organize) called “Green Hope”, working to protect the environment in our town. 49．Waste paper should not ________ (throw) everywhere in the classroom. 50．My mum told me not to eat snacks from ________ (clean) stalls(货摊) on the street. 51．Her patience and support made a big ________ (different) to his recovery from the illness. 52．The school has introduced ________ (electricity) teaching tools to make classes more interesting. 53．One of the main ________ (cause) of air pollution in cities is the large number of motor vehicles. 54．Eco-friendly products are now ________ (wide) used in daily life because more people pay attention to environmental protection. 55．________ (recycle) is a good way to improve the environment. 五、语法填空 (本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) Have you ever washed your clothes without detergent(洗涤剂)? I’ve been doing this since early May. In summer, most of my shirts and T-shirts only get dirty with sweat(汗水). So, a fast wash with pure water is all that is needed. It’s not 56 costs—detergents are not expensive. It’s all about reducing plastic pollution. Many detergents have microplastics in them. Microplastics are tiny pieces of plastic. They are 57 (little) than five millimetres across. Also, washing clothes causes them to shed(脱落) tiny plastic fibres(纤维). These fibres are also 58 kind of microplastic. These tiny pieces of plastic end up being washed into the sea. 59 fish take them in, they enter the human food chain(链). This is bad for the environment, sea life and us humans. It’s time to make a decision to use less detergent. It’s a matter of personal choice, but meaningful and great. Clearly, plastic pollution will not disappear overnight. But we can choose 60 (reduce) the use of plastics slowly. We can try to reuse plastics in our 61 (day) lives. Over the past few months, people around us have taken   62 (act) to help do it. In 2024, a “green” market 63 (hold) in a neighbourhood in Shanghai’s Jing’an District. People there brought empty, used plastic bottles to the market. They filled 64 (they) bottles with a detergent provided by a detergent producer. Such events can help reduce the need for new plastic bottles. All in all, we can take small steps each day to help the environment. And I hope that one day, clothes made from “green” materials 65 (become) popular. This will help to further reduce plastic pollution from laundry. 六、书面表达。(共15分) 中国式现代化是人与自然和谐共生的现代化，绿色低碳是中国式现代化的底色。为大力弘扬绿色低碳的理念，学校英语俱乐部开展以“What Can We Do to Live a Low-carbon Life?”为主题的演讲比赛。假如你是李华，请你根据以下思维导图，写一篇80~100词的演讲稿，参加比赛。 What Can We Do to Live a Low-carbon Life? Hello, everyone. I’m Li Hua. It’s nice to speak about what we can do to live a low-carbon life and I think each of us can do a little bit to help with this goal. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第3页（共8页） 试题 第4页（共8页） 试题 第5页（共8页） 试题 第6页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $