Unit 2 课时3 Grammar Focus（4a-4d）-2025-2026学年八年级下册英语同步辅导（人教版）

课时3>Grammar 重点知识 一、情态动词should与could 1.should的用法 (1)表示劝告、建议。 eg:You should drink more water. 你应该多喝水。 (2)表示责任、义务。 eg:You should tell your mother about it at once.你应该立即把此事告诉你妈妈。 (3)表示命令或要求，语气比较强硬。 eg:You shouldn't drive after drinking. 你不应该酒后开车。 (4)用于征求意见，常用于第一人称的疑问 句中，意为“应该；应当”。 eg:Should I open the window? 我应该打开窗户吗？ (5)表示推测，指某事发生的可能性，意为 “可能”。 eg:They should be there by now,I think. 我认为现在他们应该在那儿了。 2.could的用法 (1)情态动词could也用于提出建议，比can 语气更委婉。You could..意为“你 可以…”。 eg:Perhaps you could send an email to confirm the meeting time 或许你可以发封邮件确认会议时间。 (2)could表示过去的能力，表示现在的能力 用can,此时could是can的过去式。 eg:He could swim at the age of five. Focus(4a~4d) 他五岁时就会游泳。 (3)could表示推测时，后接动词原形，表示 对现在或将来的推测。 eg:The road could be icy in such cold weather. 这么冷的天，路面可能结冰了。 If she leaves now,she could arrive by 9 p.m. 如果她现在出发，可能晚上9点前到。 二、反身代词 1.概念：表示反射或强调的代词叫反身代词。 2.构成 人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 数 himself 单数 myself yourself herself itself 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves 3.反身代词的功能 (1)作主语或宾语的同位语，意为“亲自；本 人”，起强调和加强语气的作用。 eg:He bought it himself.他自己买的它。 (2)作表语。 Just be yourself.做你自己就好了。 (3)作宾语。 eg:The child can dress himself. 这孩子能自己穿衣服。 4.含反身代词的相关短语：teach oneself自 学；enjoy oneself玩得开心；help oneself to 随便吃；by oneself独自；speak to oneself 自言自语；look after oneself照顾自己。 一、用方框中的反身代词填空。（语法专练）》 themselves yourselves ourselves herself himself yourself myself 1.-Help to a cake,Jim. -Thanks. 2.I don't need any help.I can do it 3.-Hello!Did you enjoy at the party? -Yes.We enjoyed very much. 4.-What's wrong with Tom?Did he hurt -A little.But he'll be all right soon. 5.Students should learn to look after 6.-Where did you get the toy car? -From Betty.She made it 二、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示填写单词。 7.Don't c the road when the traffic lights are red. 8.Be careful with the k or you may hurt yourself. 9.-If fewer people drive cars,there will be less air pollution. -I think so.I hope our (环境)will be better and better. 10.Did he have a (疼痛的)throat'? 11.He has a (疼痛)in his shoulder, so he can't lift heavy things. 三、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 12.Our teacher asked us to buy three (knife)for the art lesson. 基础巩固 13.Nina should take more exercise to keep (health). 14.【生活常识】In winter,.the (bright) of white snow can sometimes hurt your eyes. 15.The little boy is too shy to express himself (clear). 16.Now I can walk to work instead of (drive). 四、单项选择。（语法专练） )17.People talk on a mobile phone while they are driving. A.shouldn't B.needn't C.must D.can )18.Shh...!This is a library.You keep your voice down. A.can B.can't C.should D.shouldn't )19.We try our best to fight against pollution. A.should B.may C.mustn't D.needn't )20.It rained so heavily that we hardly see the road in front of us. A.could B.should C.would D.need )21. you turn down the TV, please?I'm trying to work. A.Must B.Could C.Might D.Should 能力提升 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确 eat vegetables.Second,teenagers spend too 形式填空。 much time 6. with phones,leaving little time for them to take exercise.This leads enjoy healthy balance close easy to weight problems and less energy. hardly day play physical they Teenagers are encouraged to manage Weight Management:Start Young weight early.Here are simple ways.First, Nowadays,many Chinese teenagers face keep a 7. diet and avoid junk food. health problems because of poor weight Bringing a healthy lunch to school is a good management.Some students get tired habit.Second,do some 8. exercise. in PE class or lack confidence Going hiking in the mountains during because of being overweight or underweight. weekends or walking for 30 minutes daily in These problems influence 2. studies the park can not only build up your bodies but and 3. lives,showing the need for also make you feel even 9. to nature. early action. Finally,find a sport that you 10. Two main reasons cause these problems. like basketball or swimming. First,4. diets are common.Teenagers Weight management means being healthy, often eat fast food like hamburgers and drink not just looking good.Let's take steps today sugary(含糖的)drinks,but they5. for a healthier future! Section B How should we stay safe? 课时 4 Section B(1a~le) 重点知识 in..在…方面做得差。反义词是well “好”。do well in..在…方面做得好。 1.badly的用法 eg:Tom did badly in maths last semester. badly作副词，意为“严重地”，比较级是 汤姆上学期数学考得很差。 worse,最高级是worst,常修饰动词hurt, (2)badly作副词，还可意为“十分；非常”。 表示“伤得很严重”。 eg:I miss her badly.我十分想念她。 eg:I fell off my bike and hurt myself badly. 2.harm的用法 我从自行车上摔下来并且伤得很严重。 (1)harm意为“伤害；损害”，不可数名词。 知识拓展(1)badly作副词，还可意为“差”， do harm to对…有害。 常修饰动词do,表示“做得差”。do badly二、6.description7.patience8.yourself 9.illness 10.hurt 三、ll.take good care of 12.stopped;from 13.are patient with 14.took my temperature 15.get out of bed 四、16.B17.B18.C19.C20.D 能力提升 1.A2.D3.B4.C5.B6.A7.D 8.B9.A10.A 课时3 Grammar Focus(4a~4d) 基础巩固 -1.yourself 2.myself 3.yourselves; ourselves 4.himself 5.themselves 6.herself 二、7.cross8.knife9.environment 10.sore 11.pain 三、12.knives13.healthy14.brightness 15.clearly 16.driving 四、17.A18.C19.A20.A21.B 能力提升 1.easily 2.their 3.daily 4.unhealthy 5.hardly 6.playing 7.balanced 8.physical 9.closer 10.enjoy Section B How should we stay safe? 课时4 Section B(1a~1e) 基础巩固 -1.aid 2.smoke 3.throw 4.quick 5.tonight 二、6.safety7.badly8.burnt/burned 9.Luckily 10.sadly 三、ll.catches fire 12.first aid 13.turn on 14.was about to;when 15.stop short 四、16.D17.A18.C19.B20.A 能力提升 1.C2.A3.D4.E5.B 课时5 Section B(2a~3c) 基础巩固 -1.pills 2.Check 3.shock 4.allergic 5.tight 二、6.suffering7.is bleeding8.colourless 9.nervously 10.harmful 三、11.pain12.harmful13.hit14.catch 15.luck 16.hurt 17.cross 18.injury 19.yourself 20.sore 能力提升 -1.What's wrong (with you)/What's the matter (with you)/... 2.What should I do/What's your advice/ What is your suggestion/... 3.Thanks for your advice/Sounds good 4.How often do you exercise/How many times do you exercise a week 5.Sure/Of course/No problem/All right/ Certainly