内容正文:
译林版四年级下册 Unit 7 Doing chores at home 知识点总结
一、重点单词
1. 家务活动类
单词/短语
中文
单词/短语
中文
chore
日常事务
do chores
做家务
make the bed
铺床
wash the clothes
洗衣服
wash the dishes
洗碗
clean the table
擦桌子
water the flowers
给花浇水
cook lunch
做午饭
feed the cat
喂猫
sweep the floor
扫地
clean the room
打扫房间
2. 时间与状态类
单词/短语
中文
单词/短语
中文
Saturday
星期六
weekend
周末
busy
忙碌的
happy
高兴的
half past twelve
十二点半
after lunch
午饭后
3. 其他重点词汇
单词/短语
中文
单词/短语
中文
house
房屋;房子
part of
……的一部分
so
所以
what
多么;真
Good job!
干得漂亮!
二、核心句型(简单例句)
1. 询问对方正在做什么
What are you doing? 你正在做什么?
What is he doing? 他正在做什么?
2. 描述正在进行的家务
I’m making the bed. 我正在铺床。
Mum is cooking lunch. 妈妈正在做午饭。
Dad is washing the clothes. 爸爸正在洗衣服。
Su Yang is watering the flowers. 苏阳正在浇花。
3. 描述多人正在做的事
Mum and Dad are doing chores. 妈妈和爸爸正在做家务。
We’re part of the family, so we want to help.
我们是家庭的一员,所以我们想要帮忙。
4. 表达感受
We have a busy weekend, but we all feel happy.
我们有一个忙碌的周末,但我们都感到很开心。
5. 表达赞叹
Good job! 干得漂亮!
三、语法点
1. 现在进行时(Present Continuous Tense)
现在进行时表示此时此刻正在发生或进行的动作。
结构
例句
主语 + be动词 (am/is/are) + 现在分词
I am making the bed.
本单元出现的现在分词:
动词原形
现在分词
动词原形
现在分词
make
making
wash
washing
cook
cooking
water
watering
clean
cleaning
feed
feeding
sweep
sweeping
do
doing
现在分词变化规则:
• 一般情况直接加 -ing:cook → cooking
• 以不发音 e 结尾,去 e 加 -ing:make → making
• 以重读闭音节结尾,双写末尾辅音加 -ing:run → running(本单元未出现)
2. 现在进行时的句型结构
句型
结构
例句
肯定句
主语 + am/is/are + 动词-ing
She is cooking.
否定句
主语 + am/is/are + not + 动词-ing
She is not cooking.
一般疑问句
Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 动词-ing?
Is she cooking?
特殊疑问句
疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 动词-ing?
What are you doing?
3. be动词的用法(现在进行时)
主语
be动词
I
am
He/She/It/单数名词
is
We/You/They/复数名词
are
4. 现在进行时的时间标志词
• now(现在)
• at the moment(此刻)
• Look!/ Listen!(看!/听!)
• It’s Saturday morning.(具体时间描述)
四、日常交际用语
情景
用语
询问对方正在做什么
What are you doing?
询问他人正在做什么
What is he/she doing?
回答正在做的家务
I’m making the bed. / I’m washing the dishes.
表达想做家务
I want to help.
表达忙碌但开心
We have a busy weekend, but we feel happy.
表达赞叹
Good job!
五、语音知识(字母 y 的发音)
发音
例词
/j/
you, yellow, yes, your
韵文:
Can you water the yellow flowers?
They grow in the garden by the wall.
Yes, I can. Yes, I can.
They’re so beautiful. They’re so tall.
六、文化小知识
做家务(doing chores) 是家庭生活中重要的一部分。在西方家庭中,孩子通常会被鼓励参与家务劳动,如整理房间、洗碗、喂宠物等。这有助于培养孩子的责任感和独立性。
学习提示:现在进行时由“be动词 + 动词-ing”构成,表示正在进行的动作。
七、常考小练习(所有题答案与解析统一附后)
一、英汉互写
1. 做家务 _______________ 2. 铺床 _______________
3. 洗衣服 _______________ 4. 洗碗 _______________
5. 浇花 _______________ 6. 喂猫 _______________
7. 忙碌的 _______________ 8. 周末 _______________
9. good job _______________ 10. part of _______________
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. I ________ (make) the bed now.
2. Mum ________ (cook) lunch in the kitchen.
3. Su Yang ________ (water) the flowers at the moment.
4. They ________ (do) chores now.
5. What ________ you ________ (do)?
三、单项选择
( ) 1. — What are you doing?
— I ______ the dishes.
A. wash B. washing C. am washing
( ) 2. My father ______ the car now.
A. is cleaning B. cleaning C. clean
( ) 3. — ______ is your mother doing?
— She is cooking.
A. What B. Where C. How
( ) 4. We ______ a busy weekend, but we feel happy.
A. has B. have C. having
( ) 5. ______ a good job!
A. What B. How C. Where
四、连词成句
1. doing / you / what / are (?)
________________________________________________________________________________
2. making / I / the / am / bed (.)
________________________________________________________________________________
3. is / cooking / mum / lunch (.)
________________________________________________________________________________
4. are / the / watering / flowers / they (.)
________________________________________________________________________________
5. busy / have / a / we / weekend (.)
________________________________________________________________________________
五、根据中文提示完成句子
1. 你正在做什么?
________ are you ________?
2. 我正在铺床。
I ________ ________ the bed.
3. 妈妈正在做午饭。
Mum ________ ________ lunch.
4. 苏阳正在浇花。
Su Yang ________ ________ the flowers.
5. 我们有一个忙碌的周末,但我们很开心。
We ________ a ________ weekend, but we ________ happy.
六、句型转换
1. I am making the bed.(改为否定句)
I ________ ________ making the bed.
2. She is cooking lunch.(改为一般疑问句)
________ she ________ lunch?
3. They are watering the flowers.(对划线部分提问)
________ are they ________?
七、阅读理解(根据课文内容判断正误,用 T/F 表示)
( ) 1. It is Saturday morning.
( ) 2. Mum is cooking lunch.
( ) 3. Dad is washing the dishes.
( ) 4. Su Yang is watering the flowers.
( ) 5. I am making the bed.
( ) 6. After lunch, Mum is cleaning the table.
( ) 7. They have a busy weekend and feel tired.
八、语音辨析(找出划线部分发音不同的单词)
( ) 1. A. you B. yellow C. yes D. my
( ) 2. A. your B. year C. young D. fly
九、写作小练习
根据提示,写一段话描述你和家人在周末做家务的情景。
提示词: Saturday morning, doing chores, mother, cook, father, wash the clothes, I, water the flowers, happy
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
答案与解析
一、英汉互写
题号
答案
1
do chores
2
make the bed
3
wash the clothes
4
wash the dishes
5
water the flowers
6
feed the cat
7
busy
8
weekend
9
干得漂亮
10
……的一部分
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
题号
答案
解析
1
am making
I 用 am,现在进行时。
2
is cooking
Mum 是单数,用 is cooking。
3
is watering
Su Yang 是单数,用 is watering。
4
are doing
They 是复数,用 are doing。
5
are;doing
you 用 are,what … doing 是现在进行时特殊疑问句。
三、单项选择
题号
答案
解析
1
C
现在进行时,主语 I 用 am washing。
2
A
now 提示现在进行时,主语 father 用 is cleaning。
3
A
询问正在做什么用 What。
4
B
We 是复数,用 have。
5
A
What a good job!感叹句结构。
四、连词成句
题号
答案
1
What are you doing?
2
I am making the bed.
3
Mum is cooking lunch.
4
They are watering the flowers.
5
We have a busy weekend.
五、根据中文提示完成句子
题号
答案
1
What;doing
2
am making
3
is cooking
4
is watering
5
have;busy;feel
六、句型转换
题号
答案
解析
1
am not
否定句在 am 后加 not。
2
Is;cooking
一般疑问句将 is 提前。
3
What;doing
对动作提问用 What … doing。
七、阅读理解
题号
答案
解析
1
T
课文:It is Saturday morning.
2
T
课文:Mum is cooking lunch.
3
F
课文:Dad is washing the clothes.
4
T
课文:Su Yang is watering the flowers.
5
T
课文:What am I doing? I’m making the bed.
6
T
课文:After lunch, Mum is cleaning the table.
7
F
课文:We have a busy weekend, but we all feel happy.
八、语音辨析
题号
答案
解析
1
D
you, yellow, yes 发 /j/;my 发 /aɪ/。
2
D
your, year, young 发 /j/;fly 发 /aɪ/。
知识点:字母 y 在单词开头通常发 /j/(如 you, yes),在单词末尾通常发 /aɪ/(如 my, fly)。
九、写作小练习
参考范文:
It is Saturday morning. My family are doing chores. My mother is cooking lunch. My father is washing the clothes. I am watering the flowers. We are busy but happy.
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