专题 J812 Unit 1 Past and present 阅读理解（说明文&议论文）-【题型易-必考题型精练】2025-2026学年八年级下册英语 话题中心题型梯度特训（新教材译林版）-译林版

考前语法精练 专题J812阅读理解 单元话题特训（新教材译林版） Unit 1 Past and present 过去与现在 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 初阶练手 进阶提升 能力突破 Passage 1 Shenzhen, a city in southern China, has made amazing progress in the past 40 years. Once a small fishing village with only a few thousand people, it now has a population of over 17 million. It has become one of the world’s leading high-tech cities. Innovation is everywhere in Shenzhen. Many new technologies are developed and tested here. The city is home to famous tech companies like Huawei and Tencent. These companies have not only made money for themselves but also helped China become a global tech power. Shenzhen also cares about people’s quality of life. The city has built more than 1,000 parks and 3,000 kilometres of greenways. People can walk, run or ride bikes in these green spaces, even in the busy city centre. Shenzhen is also the first city in the world to use electric buses and taxis on a large scale. This helps reduce air pollution and make the city cleaner. Culturally, Shenzhen is not left behind. It has many libraries, museums and theatres. The city’s efforts to encourage reading have been praised by UNESCO, which gave it an award. Shenzhen is no longer just a “factory city” but a cultural centre as well. 1. What was Shenzhen like 40 years ago? A．A large city with many people. B．A high-tech city with many companies. C．A small fishing village with a small population. D．A cultural centre with many libraries. 2. Which of the following is NOT a reason for Shenzhen’s success? A．Innovation. B．Hard work of citizens. C．Cultural development. D．Large population. 3. What can we learn about Shenzhen’s environment? A．It has many green spaces. B．It is polluted by factories. C．It has no electric buses. D．It is noisy and dirty. 4. What did UNESCO praise Shenzhen for? A．Its high-tech industries. B．Its efforts in encouraging reading. C．Its green energy use. D．Its large number of parks. Passage 2 Changes are happening everywhere in the world. Our daily life has changed a lot over the past few decades. Let’s look at some changes in people’s life. In the past, people used to keep in touch with each other by writing letters. It took a long time to get a letter. But now, people can use WeChat, QQ or phone calls to keep in touch. It is fast and convenient. We can talk to each other face to face even if we are far away. In the past, people used to go out by bike or on foot. For long trips, they took trains or buses. But now, many people have their own cars. They can go out by car easily. High-speed trains and planes are also more popular. They make long trips faster and more comfortable. In the past, people used to watch TV or listen to the radio in their free time. But now, people can use mobile phones, computers and tablets to watch videos, play games and read books. There are more ways to relax. These changes have made our life better and more convenient. But we should also remember the good old days and cherish the present life. 1. How did people use to keep in touch with each other? A．By WeChat. B．By writing letters. C．By phone calls. D．By QQ. 2. What is the advantage of keeping in touch by WeChat now? A．It is slow. B．It is expensive. C．It is fast and convenient. D．It takes a long time. 3. What did people use to do in their free time? A．Watch TV or listen to the radio. B．Play games on computers. C．Watch videos on mobile phones. D．Read books on tablets. 4. What does the writer think of the changes in daily life? A．They are bad. B．They are good and convenient. C．They are boring. D．They are not necessary. Passage 3 Great changes have taken place in many cities in China over the past forty years. Chengdu is one of them. Many years ago, Chengdu was not as big and modern as it is today. There were only a few tall buildings in the city centre. Most streets were narrow and crowded, and some roads were not clean. People used to travel around by bike, bus or on foot. It was slow and not very convenient. Public transport was simple, and few people had their own cars. People lived in small houses, and life was simple but hard. Now, Chengdu has become a beautiful, modern and lively city. Wide and clean streets are everywhere. Tall buildings, big shopping malls and green parks make the city more comfortable. People can travel easily by bus, taxi, underground or shared bikes. Public transport is fast and convenient. People’s living conditions have improved greatly. More and more people live in clean and bright flats. The city is also famous for its delicious food and rich culture. Every year, millions of visitors come to enjoy its special beauty. People are living a happier and healthier life than before. With the fast development of our country, more and more cities are becoming better and better. Chengdu’s changes show us how much our life has improved over the years. 1. What was Chengdu like many years ago? A．Big and modern . B．Small and not very convenient. C．Clean and comfortable. D．Fast and lively. 2. How did people in Chengdu mainly travel in the past? A．By underground. B．By plane. C．By bike, bus or on foot. D．By train. 3. What makes travel easier and faster in Chengdu now? A．Narrow and crowded streets. B．Small old houses. C．Fast public transport. D．Few tall buildings. 4. What can we learn from the passage? A．Chengdu has changed greatly over the years. B．No visitors come to Chengdu now. C．People’s life was easy in the past. D．There are no parks in Chengdu. Passage 4 Someday in the future we may not need to have money in our pockets. Is life easier when people don’t need to carry any money at all? Is it safe to carry money? Maybe in the future each of us will have only one small credit card (信用卡). We will use it instead of money to buy all the things. Of course we may still have some of the same problems with cards we now have with money. For example, we lose money from time to time. Maybe we will lose the cards. Maybe someone will take the cards. Someone may even make a card that looks like our cards. Since we can’t buy anything without our cards, the credit cards may be no better than money. Is there something easier to use than credit cards? Each of us has a thumbprint (拇指指纹). No two thumbprints are the same. Maybe someday the government (政府) will keep people’s thumbprints with a number. When you want to buy something, you will put your thumb on a machine or a computer. Each store or business will possess one. Everyone’s thumbprints will be in the computer. It will be difficult to lose our thumbprints! It will be difficult for someone to steal it or to make one like it. 1. The writer probably agrees that credit cards are ________ to carry than money. A．heavier B．easier C．more difficult D．more important 2. What may be a problem with credit cards in the future? A．We may lose the cards from time to time. B．We won’t be able to make enough cards. C．We may not know how to use the cards. D．We won’t remember which card is needed. 3. The underlined word “possess” probably means “________” in English. A．lend B．have C．sell D．work 4. In the writer’s opinion, it’ll be the best way to buy things with ________ in the future. A．money B．credit card C．thumbprints D．mobile phone Passage 5 Are you interested in the future? What do you think our life will be like in 50 years or more? To answer this, you can read a sci-fi book. Perhaps you will have some ideas then. Today, many young readers are interested in science fiction. __▲__ For one thing, science fiction gives us a chance to imagine what our future will be like. Anything is possible. We can dream big. Some people think there will be flying cars and robot servants. Others believe we will learn more about strange aliens and other worlds. Another reason is that sci-fi writers and their work can inspire (激发) us to create the future. In 1945, a sci-fi writer named Arthur C． Clarke wrote about a system (系统) of space stations. In the article, he predicted the earth of the future would have many TV stations and people would send TV programs around the world. Besides, in a short story by Clarke, he suggested people in the future would use a system to talk with others around the world. Amazingly, the short story was actually the inspiration for the Internet! Science fiction is also popular because it can make us think about our world in new ways. Although many sci-fi stories are set in imaginary worlds or societies, they can help us better understand the real world. What will the future be like? Sci-fi inspires us and helps us to understand what it could be like in the future. 1. Why does the writer list the questions in Paragraph 1? A．To show the writer’s predictions. B．To describe a problem. C．To ask readers for their opinions. D．To interest the readers. 2. Which sentence can be put in __▲__? A．But what makes it so popular? B．And what are their predictions? C．So why not choose one to read? D．But how about the elder readers? 3. What can sci-fi books help us to do? ① to imagine the future life ② to encourage us to create the future ③ to think about the world in a new way ④ to have a better life in the real world A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④ 4. In which part of the magazine can we read the text? A．Travel. B．Culture. C．Sports. D．Science. Passage 6 Many cities around the world have closed some streets to cars to create more outdoor spaces for people to enjoy. Paris in France plans to ban (禁止) private cars (私家车) from the heart of the city. The ban may take more than 100,000 cars off the roads each day. Car-free streets have become a place for people to play, shop and listen to music. Many people want more car-free streets, but others get worried. What do you think? Should cities have car-free streets? Yes-more outdoor spaces are always better Opening up car-free streets can create more outdoor spaces for people to get outside and enjoy life. Shops and restaurants on car-free streets benefit (得益) from foot traffic. And slow streets encourage new businesses, such as food trucks and outdoor vendors, to develop in the area. Also, cars cause air and noise pollution. Closing streets to cars encourages people to take buses or ride bikes instead. It’s safer and better for everyone. No-car-free streets cause other problems Car-free streets cause traffic problems on nearby roadways. That makes it harder for people to go about their daily lives. Also, businesses on open streets can get into trouble because foot traffic doesn’t always mean more sales (销量) .They could lose customers who want to drive to shops. And even when streets are car-free, there are usually still other vehicles (交通工具) like scooters and bikes. Some people, especially kids, may not be looking out for these vehicles. That could put them at risk. 1. Which of the following are the reasons why cities should have car-free streets? ①They can help people enjoy staying outside. ②They are good for nearby shops and restaurants. ③They can create less air and noise pollution. ④They can cut down the number of buses and bikes. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．②③④ D．①③④ 2. Why are the car-free streets dangerous to kids? A．Because kids may get outside alone. B．Because kids may have to ride on their own. C．Because kids may get hurt by other vehicles. D．Because kids may not be able to play outside. 3. What’s the structure of this passage? (P1＝Paragraph1,P2＝Paragraph2...) A． B． C． D． 4. What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To tell us why cars should be banned in all cities. B．To ask people to ride bikes instead of driving cars. C．To find out different cities’ policies on car-free streets. D．To talk about the good sides and bad sides of car-free streets. Passage 7 Electric bikes, or e-bikes, change life in China. E-bikes first came out in the late 1990s, but few were sold each year at that time. However, in the 2000s, more people started buying them. Now they are popular in cities and countrysides, and over 350 million e-bikes have been on the roads by 2025. People love e-bikes because they are cheap, easy to ride, can move through traffic easily, and do not make air pollution. But some old batteries (电池) from them can harm the environment, so people try to reuse them. And e-bikes are not as safe as bicycles. So in 2019, China made new rules for e-bikes. E-bikes cannot go faster than 25 km/h, and riders must wear helmets (头盔). E-bikes also must have pedals (脚蹬子), just like regular bikes. These rules keep everyone safe. And now, some cities stop e-bikes in busy places to prevent accidents. Do you want to know what makes e-bikes work? Now let’s take a look. Most e-bikes have three parts: a battery, a motor, and a controller. New e-bikes use lighter batteries and can go 100 kilometres before they need charging (充电) again, and some have GPS devices (卫星导航装置) to show where they are, and others have ways to stop people from taking them. And people even try to use sunlight to give e-bikes more electricity. E-bikes are more than just a way to travel. They show how China tries to find new ways to live. 1. How does the writer mainly show the history of electric bikes in China? A．By telling stories. B．By using time order. C．By asking questions. D．By giving examples of different e-bikes. 2. Why do people like e-bikes? A．Because they are expensive but easy to ride. B．Because they make more pollution but can move through traffic easily. C．Because they are cheap, easy to ride, clean and make people get around easily. D．Because they always have GPS devices to show the way. 3. Which isn’t a rule for e-bikes in China? A．E-bikes can’t go faster than 25 km/h B．Riders must wear helmets. C．E-bikes must have pedals. D．Riders should be over 18 years old. 4. What’s the passage mainly about? A．Why China has so many e-bikes. B．How to ride e-bikes safely. C．E-bikes change China’s life. D．The future of e-bikes in China. Passage 8 The sky turned into a rainbow of colours as the 42nd Weifang International Kite Festival started on 19 April 2025 in Weifang, Shandong Province. A total of 257 teams from 51 countries and regions turned the sky into their playground. The event included 58 activities, from kite competitions and cultural tourism promotions to sports events and business and trade exchanges. Weifang is using its global influence in the kite industry to build friendships around the world, realizing “ancient and modern dialogues” and “Sino-foreign exchanges”, said an expert from the International Kite Federation, at the festival’s opening ceremony. Over the past 40 years, Weifang’s kite industry has become an important part of the local economy. In 1984, when the first festival was held, the city had just over 20 small kite factories. Today, Weifang has more than 700 kite factories and related companies, giving jobs to nearly 100,000 people and making over 2 billion yuan in sales each year. The city now holds 85 per cent of the world’s kite market share and exports its kites to more than 50 countries and regions, according to the city government. As kites continue to tell stories in Weifang’s sky, the festival keeps its place as a world-famous celebration of both tradition and creativity. 1. What did the expert in paragraph 2 mainly want to show? A．Weifang’s kite industry made lots of money. B．Weifang’s kite industry helped connect different countries. C．The International Kite Federation was very important. D．The International Kite Festival had many activities in 2025. 2. What can we learn from the change in the number of Weifang’s kite factories? A．Weifang’s kite industry has developed quickly. B．Weifang’s kite factories have become smaller. C．Weifang’s kite sales are getting lower each year. D．Fewer people work in Weifang’s kite industry now. 3. The underlined word “exports” in the last paragraph means “________”. A．buys things from other places B．uses things in daily life C．makes new things in factories D．sells things to other countries 4. Why does the passage say the festival is “a world-famous celebration of both tradition and creativity”? A．Because it mainly uses traditional kite designs. B．Because it is held in both ancient and modern cities. C．Because both old people and young people enjoy the festival. D．Because it has both old kite-making skills and new activity forms. Passage 9 Mr. White is sixty years old. He always talks about how fast things have changed, and he often says that life in the past was better than it is these days. Now cities are full of cars. Some families even have two or more cars, so parking is becoming a big problem. The traffic (交通) in some cities is getting worse and worse, too. Car drivers nowadays drive so fast that there are more traffic accidents. More and more people are always looking at their mobile phones with their heads down. Mr. White often sees people in the restaurant eating face to face while looking at their own mobile phones. He thinks it is strange that they don’t talk to the people who sit opposite to them during the meal. Some of them even have fun chatting (闲聊) with others on the phone. Most families own computers now. A study found that children use the Internet more and more. The number of children using the Internet has grown by three times in the past three years. Mr. White’s grandson is a middle school student. He often stays up late playing computer games on the Internet. He falls asleep in the early hours of the morning and spends less time doing homework. His teacher told Mr. White that his grandson failed (失败) another test. Mr. White got very angry with him. Mr. White thinks that life was simple and happy, but now it has changed a lot. 1. What does Mr. White think of the life now? A．He thinks the life now is very simple. B．He thinks the life now is worse than it was. C．He thinks the life is the same as it was. D．He thinks the life now is more comfortable. 2. Why do people say nothing face to face during a meal in the restaurant? A．Because it is strange. B．Because they don’t know each other. C．Because they don’t sit opposite each other. D．Because they are busy in looking at their phones. 3. Which statement (陈述) is WRONG according to the passage? A．Mr. White got angry with the teacher. B．Mr. White’s grandson often plays computer games. C．Some people like chatting with others on the phone. D．The traffic in some cities is getting worse and worse. 4. What can we infer (推测) from the passage? A．Mr. White is a worker in a factory. B．Mr. White’s grandson is not interested in the Internet. C．Mr. White is worried about his grandson. D．Mr. White likes today’s life more than that of the old days. Passage 10 Technology has done wonders for our world, from development in medicine, travel, to our day-to-day lives. It has greatly changed how society works and how we connect with each other. However, as we fully welcome technology, a question comes up: Are we losing our ability (本领) to be creative? ① On one hand, technology supports creativity. Tools like design apps, social media, and online platforms (平台) help people turn ideas into reality. For example, businesses use creative ads to share new products, while artists use digital (数码的) tools to create artworks themselves. ② Technology encourages innovative thinking and problem-solving. On the other hand, there are downsides. Many people depend too heavily on computers for tasks like calculations (计算), reducing their need to think for themselves. Others spend hours looking at screens (屏幕), leaving little time for creative activities. ③ So, how can we balance technology and creativity? Here are some simple steps: 1. Limit (限制) screen time. Turn off useless notifications (通知) or use “Do Not Disturb (打扰)” mode to focus on real-world tasks. 2. Spend time outdoors. A daily walk in nature clears your mind and brings fresh ideas. 3. Try screen-free hobbies. Reading, travelling, or drawing lets you explore ideas without technology. The future of creativity depends on our choices. Will you put your phone down during meals? Will you try to find joy beyond screens? ④ Small actions today can improve the relationship between technology and creativity. 1. The writer begins this article by ________. A．telling a story B．showing the reasons C．listing some examples D．raising a question 2. In Paragraph 2, why does the writer talk about businesses? A．To show the importance of creativity. B．To suggest good ways to develop technology. C．To show how technology helps with creative activities. D．To tell the relationship between business and creativity. 3. The sentence “Over time, this habit can make our natural creativity become weak.” should be put in “________”. A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 4. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Avoid Too Much Screen Time B．Balance Tech Use to Improve Creativity C．Learn the Changes of Tech Habits D．Explore Outdoor Fun for Better Health Passage 11 In 2024, the Hangzhou Marathon (马拉松) introduced two robot helpers, Go2 and B2. Go2 is a robot that looks like an animal with four legs. It ran along the road, played music, gave safety advice, and cheered for runners. B2, another four-legged robot, served as a guide for runners to follow. They both could tell runners about the weather and road conditions, helping them plan their race better without getting hurt. At the Yizhuang Half Marathon in Beijing, a robot named Tiangong joined the last 100 meters of the race. It is a humanoid robot, which means it looks like a human. It is 163 cm tall and weighs 43 kg. It ran with runners and crossed the finish line. Tiangong also shook hands and took photos with people, making itself shine at the event. The use of robots in marathons helps achieve a few goals (目标). First, robots like Go2 and B2 offer practical help to runners, such as cheering and sharing important information. Second, the robots can make the events more enjoyable for both runners and spectators (观众). Moreover, these events provide a chance to make use of robots beyond (超出；……外) factories or controlled environments, pushing them into public and real-world activities. The organizers of the Yizhuang Half Marathon have planned the world’s first half marathon only for humanoid robots. Hosted in Beijing E-Town in 2025, the race helps attract (吸引) fans from around the world. It is believed to drive the development of robots. Robots appear at more events like marathons, and they can change the way people organize and experience the races. As development continues, people will make better use of them not only in sports but also in other activities. 1. What does paragraph 1 mainly show us? A．Why Go2 and B2 served as guides. B．What runners thought of Go2 and B2. C．How scientists developed Go2 and B2. D．How Go2 and B2 helped runners in the race. 2. How can we understand the underlined words in paragraph 2? A．Tiangong could shine brightly at night. B．Tiangong was popular at the event. C．Tiangong helped runners run faster. D．Tiangong was more competitive. 3. The world’s first half marathon for humanoid robots will be ________. A．in Hangzhou in 2024 B．in Beijing in 2024 C．in Hangzhou in 2025 D．in Beijing in 2025 4. What can we learn from the passage? A．Robots can only be used in factories. B．Robots can’t help people organize events. C．People will use robots better in more activities. D．Robots will take the place of humans in marathons. Passage 12 ①The World Tourism Organization says that space will soon become a popular place to go on holidays—possibly by 2035. It means the dream of space holidays might soon come true. ②One Japanese company is planning a space holiday centre. It will look like a bicycle wheel and have a hotel for 100 people and a big theme (主题) park. It will travel around the earth at a height of 300 km. The company has high hopes that the space holiday centre will be ready by 2030. The chairman of the company says he thinks that flying to the centre will probably be quicker than flying to Singapore from Hong Kong. When they reach the centre, tourists will take trips to the moon or go for walks in space. What about the cost? Well, the company believes that people will be happy to pay about $100,000 for a trip, but they think that as more people want to go, the trip will become much cheaper. ③The plan of the Japanese company for the space holiday center is really exciting. At the same time, in space tourism, American companies also have very creative ideas. An American hotel group is also thinking of building a hotel called the Lunar Hotel on the moon. Most of the hotel will be under the ground, so it won’t become too hot or too cold. The rooms will look just like the ones on the earth. The guests will eat universe food for lunch. The cooks will just push a button to mix dried food with water, and then it will become a delicious meal! There will be little or no dirt (灰尘) and there won’t be much water, so people can’t wash faces and hands. ④In conclusion, the space tourism plans from Japan and America are truly amazing. They show a super exciting future for us. 1. ___________is planning to build a hotel on the moon. A．An American hotel group B．A big theme park C．The World Tourism Organization D．A Japanese company 2. According to the passage, the price of the trip will be lower because___________ A．flying to the centre is faster. B．people are getting richer then. C．the centre will be soon ready. D．more people will join the travel. 3. Most of the Lunar Hotel will be under the ground because they want to___________. A．keep a secret B．keep the guests safe C．keep everything clean D．keep it neither too hot nor too cold 4. How is the text organized?（①=paragraph 1, ②=paragraph 2….）? A． B． C． D． Passage 13 In 1921, long before the Walt Disney Company turned Pooh into an international star of TV and films, Christopher Robin Milne was given a toy bear on his first birthday from his father, A．A．Milne, who bought the stuffed animal from a store. The stuffed animal was named Edward Bear. Years later, Edward was named Winnie. From the time Christopher Robin Milne was a baby until he was about 8 years old, he would receive different stuffed animals. A．A．Milne was a famous English writer. As he watched his son interact (互动) with Winnie and friends, A．A．Milne thought his child’s interaction with the collection of animals would make a great bedtime story. So Milne worked with artist Ernest H. Shepard and wrote the first Winnie the Pooh poem, where Edward Bear was known as “Teddy Bear”. The writings appeared in Punch magazine and in the book they wrote together, When We Were Young, which was published in 1924. In a four-year period, three more books that focused on the bear and his team followed: 1926’s Winnie-the-Pooh, 1927’s Now We Are Six, and 1928’s The House at Pooh Corner. The books and poems about Pooh brought great success to the writer, and the characters became favorites with young children and their families around the world. Their popularity led Disney to get the rights (版权) to make films about the characters in 1961. Five years later, Pooh, Tiger, Piglet and the rest of the team appeared on screen for the first time in Winnie-the-Pooh and the Honey Tree. The characters later appeared in TV shows, movies, video games and short films. Pooh’s most recent appearance came last year in the popular children’s program, Doc McStuffins, where he was a special guest. 1. What did A．A．Milne do according to Paragraph 2? A．He wrote many books about Pooh. B．He read many bedtime stories to his son. C．He wrote Punch magazine with Ernest H. Shepard. D．He encouraged his son to play with friends. 2. In what order did the following events take place? a. When We Were Young was published. b. Pooh appeared in the popular children’s program. c. Milne bought a stuffed animal. d. Disney got the rights to make films about the characters. e. Milne worked with artist Ernest H. Shepard. A．c-a-d-e-b B．e-c-b-a-d C．c-e-a-d-b D．e-b-a-c-d 3. Why did Pooh appear in Doc McSiuffins? A．To meet a guest in this program. B．To be a special part of this program. C．To show it is also a popular program. D．To make its new film known to people. 4. What is the passage mainly about? A．Pooh and his friends. B．Great success of Pooh. C．Pooh’s influence on culture. D．The birth and development of Pooh. Passage 14 In the past, most Chinese people rode a bicycle or walked for short trips. China’s first bicycles appeared in the late 19th century, but they became popular much later. As time went by, buses and trains became common for longer trips. These changes allowed people to visit family in other cities more easily. Today, China’s high-speed trains are some of the quickest in the world. For example, traveling from Beijing to Shanghai now takes less than five hours, while it took ten hours in the past. The first high-speed train in China started running in 2008. By 2024, China had built about 48,000 kilometers of high-speed train lines, connecting (连接) nearly all big cities in China. This helps workers find jobs in different places. In cities, subways help people move around quickly. Thanks to these developments, more cities have built their own subways. China’s first subway opened in Beijing in 1981, and by 2024 more than 40 cities had built subways. Beijing’s subways are the longest in the world, covering more than 800 kilometers. In the countryside, new roads reach many villages. Farmers can now send their agricultural produce (农产品) to markets much faster. In mountain areas, workers have built roads through mountains and bridges over rivers. All these changes, from bicycles to high-speed trains, make traveling easier and help our country grow stronger. The government keeps improving roads and bridges so everyone can enjoy better travel services. These improvements are part of China’s great transportation (交通) —a powerful network connecting people and places. 1. When did China’s first high-speed train start running? A．In 2008. B．In 2000. C．In 2024. D．In 1981. 2. What can we know about China’s subways according to the passage? A．The first subway opened in Shanghai. B．More than 40 cities had built subways by 2024. C．Beijing’s subways are only 800 kilometers long. D．Subways are more important than high-speed trains. 3. How do new roads in the countryside help farmers according to the passage? A．They can travel to cities for fun faster. B．They can build more houses along the roads. C．They can send their produce to markets faster. D．They can meet friends in other villages more often. 4. What is the best title for this passage? A．The Importance of Bridges in China B．The Growth of Subways in Big Cities C．Better Transportation Helps China Develop D．The Development of High-speed Trains in China Passage 15 What will the future world be like? Many believe that technology will help solve some of the most difficult problems we have today, such as pollution and hunger. Others worry as old problems are solved, new ones may appear. No technology is all good, as these three examples tell. When dreaming about the future, many of us hope we can go to different places in our own flying car. Everyone can clearly see the good part of the idea. This technology would allow us to move freely. We could fly really fast, getting away from traffic lights and busy roads. However, some people believe if the cars become popular, there will be air traffic problems. Another big problem is mechanical failure. What will happen if the cars break down or suddenly stop working in the sky? These are problems we must expect if flying cars become real. 3D printing is another new technology with exciting possibilities. 3D printers are used to build things with liquid (液体) plastic. Car companies already use 3D printers to make life-size models of car parts and medical companies use the technology to make man-made body parts, such as ears. Before long, it might be possible to see something on a website and then print it out with a 3D printer at home. If so, 3D printing will change the way we shop and the way we make. The weak point is that such machine will be very expensive. Finally, imagine having your own Iron Man suit. Several companies are trying to build a real robot exoskeleton (外骨骼). This is a special suit with robot arms and legs which follows the wearer’s movement. Exoskeletons allow you to lift heavy things, walk long ways and even get through walls! This technology may bring hopes to disabled people. The suit might help people walk again after illness. However, one bad thing at the moment is cost. Another problem is battery (电池) life. A heavy suit like this needs a lot of power, and battery life is short. Looking ahead, although there are some problems to solve before all of this is possible, we can certainly dream of a world where technology makes life easier and safer for millions of people . 1. According to the passage, which of the following is true if flying cars become real? A．We don’t need to worry about traffic problems anymore. B．The cars may have problems if they break down in the sky. C．There will be traffic problems in the air. D．It’ll be so expensive that few people can buy flying cars. 2. What can 3D printing technology do so far? A．It can build real car parts. B．It can make man-made ears. C．It can print online websites. D．It can make things we buy online. 3. What’s the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①②/③④⑤ C．①/②③/④/⑤ D．①/②③④⑤ 4. What does the writer mainly want to tell us? A．It’s difficult for us to imagine possible future life with new technology. B．There’s too much to worry about new problems appearing in the future. C．We can expect better lives with future technology although there’ll be problems. D．Technology can solve some difficult problems but may bring more serious ones. 16 / 16乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前语法精练 专题J812阅读理解 单元话题特训（新教材译林版） Unit 1 Past and present 过去与现在 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 初阶练手 进阶提升 能力突破 Passage 1 Shenzhen, a city in southern China, has made amazing progress in the past 40 years. Once a small fishing village with only a few thousand people, it now has a population of over 17 million. It has become one of the world’s leading high-tech cities. Innovation is everywhere in Shenzhen. Many new technologies are developed and tested here. The city is home to famous tech companies like Huawei and Tencent. These companies have not only made money for themselves but also helped China become a global tech power. Shenzhen also cares about people’s quality of life. The city has built more than 1,000 parks and 3,000 kilometres of greenways. People can walk, run or ride bikes in these green spaces, even in the busy city centre. Shenzhen is also the first city in the world to use electric buses and taxis on a large scale. This helps reduce air pollution and make the city cleaner. Culturally, Shenzhen is not left behind. It has many libraries, museums and theatres. The city’s efforts to encourage reading have been praised by UNESCO, which gave it an award. Shenzhen is no longer just a “factory city” but a cultural centre as well. 1. What was Shenzhen like 40 years ago? A．A large city with many people. B．A high-tech city with many companies. C．A small fishing village with a small population. D．A cultural centre with many libraries. 2. Which of the following is NOT a reason for Shenzhen’s success? A．Innovation. B．Hard work of citizens. C．Cultural development. D．Large population. 3. What can we learn about Shenzhen’s environment? A．It has many green spaces. B．It is polluted by factories. C．It has no electric buses. D．It is noisy and dirty. 4. What did UNESCO praise Shenzhen for? A．Its high-tech industries. B．Its efforts in encouraging reading. C．Its green energy use. D．Its large number of parks. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了深圳在过去的40年里取得的惊人进步，包括从一个小渔村发展成为高科技城市、注重创新、关心人民生活质量、文化发展等方面的情况。 1. 根据文章第一段“Once a small fishing village with only a few thousand people...”可知，40年前深圳是一个人口稀少的小渔村。 2. 文章提到深圳的成功原因包括创新（Innovation is everywhere in Shenzhen.）、市民的辛勤工作（文中虽未直接提及，但可从整体发展推断出）、文化发展（Culturally, Shenzhen is not left behind.），而并未提及人口众多是其成功的原因，且根据常识，人口多并不一定直接带来成功，还需考虑人口素质、资源分配等因素，所以D选项“Large population”不是深圳成功的原因。 3. 根据文章第三段“The city has built more than 1,000 parks and 3,000 kilometres of greenways.”可知，深圳有许多绿色空间。 4. 根据文章第四段“The city’s efforts to encourage reading have been praised by UNESCO...”可知，联合国教科文组织赞扬深圳在鼓励阅读方面的努力。 Passage 2 Changes are happening everywhere in the world. Our daily life has changed a lot over the past few decades. Let’s look at some changes in people’s life. In the past, people used to keep in touch with each other by writing letters. It took a long time to get a letter. But now, people can use WeChat, QQ or phone calls to keep in touch. It is fast and convenient. We can talk to each other face to face even if we are far away. In the past, people used to go out by bike or on foot. For long trips, they took trains or buses. But now, many people have their own cars. They can go out by car easily. High-speed trains and planes are also more popular. They make long trips faster and more comfortable. In the past, people used to watch TV or listen to the radio in their free time. But now, people can use mobile phones, computers and tablets to watch videos, play games and read books. There are more ways to relax. These changes have made our life better and more convenient. But we should also remember the good old days and cherish the present life. 1. How did people use to keep in touch with each other? A．By WeChat. B．By writing letters. C．By phone calls. D．By QQ. 2. What is the advantage of keeping in touch by WeChat now? A．It is slow. B．It is expensive. C．It is fast and convenient. D．It takes a long time. 3. What did people use to do in their free time? A．Watch TV or listen to the radio. B．Play games on computers. C．Watch videos on mobile phones. D．Read books on tablets. 4. What does the writer think of the changes in daily life? A．They are bad. B．They are good and convenient. C．They are boring. D．They are not necessary. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 【导语】本文从通讯、出行和休闲娱乐三个方面对比了人们过去与现在生活方式的变化，展现了社会发展给生活带来的便利。 1. 细节理解题。根据“In the past, people used to keep in touch with each other by writing letters.”可知，过去人们通过写信保持联系。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据“But now, people can use WeChat, QQ or phone calls to keep in touch. It is fast and convenient.”可知，现在用微信联系快速又方便。故选C。 3. 细节理解题。根据“In the past, people used to watch TV or listen to the radio in their free time.”可知，过去人们空闲时看电视或听收音机。故选A。 4. 观点态度题。根据最后一段“These changes have made our life better and more convenient.”可知，作者认为这些变化让生活更好、更方便。故选B。 Passage 3 Great changes have taken place in many cities in China over the past forty years. Chengdu is one of them. Many years ago, Chengdu was not as big and modern as it is today. There were only a few tall buildings in the city centre. Most streets were narrow and crowded, and some roads were not clean. People used to travel around by bike, bus or on foot. It was slow and not very convenient. Public transport was simple, and few people had their own cars. People lived in small houses, and life was simple but hard. Now, Chengdu has become a beautiful, modern and lively city. Wide and clean streets are everywhere. Tall buildings, big shopping malls and green parks make the city more comfortable. People can travel easily by bus, taxi, underground or shared bikes. Public transport is fast and convenient. People’s living conditions have improved greatly. More and more people live in clean and bright flats. The city is also famous for its delicious food and rich culture. Every year, millions of visitors come to enjoy its special beauty. People are living a happier and healthier life than before. With the fast development of our country, more and more cities are becoming better and better. Chengdu’s changes show us how much our life has improved over the years. 1. What was Chengdu like many years ago? A．Big and modern. B．Small and not very convenient. C．Clean and comfortable. D．Fast and lively. 2. How did people in Chengdu mainly travel in the past? A．By underground. B．By plane. C．By bike, bus or on foot. D．By train. 3. What makes travel easier and faster in Chengdu now? A．Narrow and crowded streets. B．Small old houses. C．Fast public transport. D．Few tall buildings. 4. What can we learn from the passage? A．Chengdu has changed greatly over the years. B．No visitors come to Chengdu now. C．People’s life was easy in the past. D．There are no parks in Chengdu. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 4. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国四十多年来成都发生的巨大变化，对比了成都过去和现在的城市面貌、居民出行、居住条件等，展现出人民生活水平的大幅提升。 1. 文章第二段“Many years ago, Chengdu was not as big and modern as it is today...It was slow and not very convenient.”，这直接说明许多年前成都规模小、生活不够便利。 2. 文章第二段“People used to travel around by bike, bus or on foot.”指出过去成都人主要的出行方式是骑自行车、坐公交或步行。 3. 文章第三段“People can travel easily by bus, taxi, underground or shared bikes. Public transport is fast and convenient.”直接点明快捷的公共交通让现在成都的出行更轻松快速。 4. 文章首段“Great changes have taken place in many cities in China over the past forty years. Chengdu is one of them.”以及结尾“Chengdu’s changes show us how much our life has improved over the years.”形成对比，讲述过去四十年来中国许多城市都发生了巨大变化，成都是其中之一；成都的变化向我们展示了这些年来我们的生活提升了多少。 Passage 4 Someday in the future we may not need to have money in our pockets. Is life easier when people don’t need to carry any money at all? Is it safe to carry money? Maybe in the future each of us will have only one small credit card (信用卡). We will use it instead of money to buy all the things. Of course we may still have some of the same problems with cards we now have with money. For example, we lose money from time to time. Maybe we will lose the cards. Maybe someone will take the cards. Someone may even make a card that looks like our cards. Since we can’t buy anything without our cards, the credit cards may be no better than money. Is there something easier to use than credit cards? Each of us has a thumbprint (拇指指纹). No two thumbprints are the same. Maybe someday the government (政府) will keep people’s thumbprints with a number. When you want to buy something, you will put your thumb on a machine or a computer. Each store or business will possess one. Everyone’s thumbprints will be in the computer. It will be difficult to lose our thumbprints! It will be difficult for someone to steal it or to make one like it. 1. The writer probably agrees that credit cards are ________ to carry than money. A．heavier B．easier C．more difficult D．more important 2. What may be a problem with credit cards in the future? A．We may lose the cards from time to time. B．We won’t be able to make enough cards. C．We may not know how to use the cards. D．We won’t remember which card is needed. 3. The underlined word “possess” probably means “________” in English. A．lend B．have C．sell D．work 4. In the writer’s opinion, it’ll be the best way to buy things with ________ in the future. A．money B．credit card C．thumbprints D．mobile phone 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C 【导语】本文主要讲述了未来支付方式的发展趋势，探讨了信用卡和指纹支付的优缺点，并指出指纹支付可能是最安全便捷的支付方式。 1. 细节理解题。根据“We will use it instead of money to buy all the things.”可知，信用卡比现金更方便携带和使用。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据“For example, we lose money from time to time. Maybe we will lose the cards.”可知，未来信用卡可能存在的问题是偶尔会丢失。故选A。 3. 词义猜测题。根据“Each store or business will possess one.”和“Everyone’s thumbprints will be in the computer”可推断，商店或企业会“拥有”一台指纹识别设备。possess此处意为“拥有”，与have同义。故选B。 4. 观点态度题。根据“It will be difficult to lose our thumbprints! It will be difficult for someone to steal it or to make one like it.”可知，作者认为指纹支付是最安全便捷的未来支付方式。故选C。 Passage 5 Are you interested in the future? What do you think our life will be like in 50 years or more? To answer this, you can read a sci-fi book. Perhaps you will have some ideas then. Today, many young readers are interested in science fiction. __▲__ For one thing, science fiction gives us a chance to imagine what our future will be like. Anything is possible. We can dream big. Some people think there will be flying cars and robot servants. Others believe we will learn more about strange aliens and other worlds. Another reason is that sci-fi writers and their work can inspire (激发) us to create the future. In 1945, a sci-fi writer named Arthur C． Clarke wrote about a system (系统) of space stations. In the article, he predicted the earth of the future would have many TV stations and people would send TV programs around the world. Besides, in a short story by Clarke, he suggested people in the future would use a system to talk with others around the world. Amazingly, the short story was actually the inspiration for the Internet! Science fiction is also popular because it can make us think about our world in new ways. Although many sci-fi stories are set in imaginary worlds or societies, they can help us better understand the real world. What will the future be like? Sci-fi inspires us and helps us to understand what it could be like in the future. 1. Why does the writer list the questions in Paragraph 1? A．To show the writer’s predictions. B．To describe a problem. C．To ask readers for their opinions. D．To interest the readers. 2. Which sentence can be put in __▲__? A．But what makes it so popular? B．And what are their predictions? C．So why not choose one to read? D．But how about the elder readers? 3. What can sci-fi books help us to do? ① to imagine the future life ② to encourage us to create the future ③ to think about the world in a new way ④ to have a better life in the real world A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④ 4. In which part of the magazine can we read the text? A．Travel. B．Culture. C．Sports. D．Science. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. A 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了科幻小说的流行原因及其社会价值。 1. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Are you interested in the future? What do you think our life will be like in 50 years or more? To answer this, you can read a sci-fi book. Perhaps you will have some ideas then.”可知，提了这些问题后，作者说要回答问题，可以看一本科幻小说。也许那时你会有一些想法。由此可知，作者提问的目的是引起读者的兴趣。故选D。 2. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Today, many young readers are interested in science fiction.”第二段中“For one thing, science fiction gives us a chance to imagine what our future will be like.”和第三段中“Another reason is that sci-fi writers and their work can inspire (激发) us to create the future.”以及第四段中“Science fiction is also popular because it can make us think about our world in new ways.”可知，下文主要讲述了科幻小说的流行原因，所以此处应该填入But what makes it so popular?，意为“但是是什么让它如此受欢迎呢？”来引出下文。故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“For one thing, science fiction gives us a chance to imagine what our future will be like.”，第三段中“Another reason is that sci-fi writers and their work can inspire (激发) us to create the future.”以及第四段中“Science fiction is also popular because it can make us think about our world in new ways.”可知，科幻书籍可以帮助我们想象未来的生活，鼓励我们创造未来，以一种新的方式思考世界。故选A。 4. 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要探讨了科幻小说的流行原因及其社会价值。由此可知，我们可以在一份杂志中的科学部分读到这篇文章。故选D。 Passage 6 Many cities around the world have closed some streets to cars to create more outdoor spaces for people to enjoy. Paris in France plans to ban (禁止) private cars (私家车) from the heart of the city. The ban may take more than 100,000 cars off the roads each day. Car-free streets have become a place for people to play, shop and listen to music. Many people want more car-free streets, but others get worried. What do you think? Should cities have car-free streets? Yes-more outdoor spaces are always better Opening up car-free streets can create more outdoor spaces for people to get outside and enjoy life. Shops and restaurants on car-free streets benefit (得益) from foot traffic. And slow streets encourage new businesses, such as food trucks and outdoor vendors, to develop in the area. Also, cars cause air and noise pollution. Closing streets to cars encourages people to take buses or ride bikes instead. It’s safer and better for everyone. No-car-free streets cause other problems Car-free streets cause traffic problems on nearby roadways. That makes it harder for people to go about their daily lives. Also, businesses on open streets can get into trouble because foot traffic doesn’t always mean more sales (销量) .They could lose customers who want to drive to shops. And even when streets are car-free, there are usually still other vehicles (交通工具) like scooters and bikes. Some people, especially kids, may not be looking out for these vehicles. That could put them at risk. 1. Which of the following are the reasons why cities should have car-free streets? ①They can help people enjoy staying outside. ②They are good for nearby shops and restaurants. ③They can create less air and noise pollution. ④They can cut down the number of buses and bikes. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．②③④ D．①③④ 2. Why are the car-free streets dangerous to kids? A．Because kids may get outside alone. B．Because kids may have to ride on their own. C．Because kids may get hurt by other vehicles. D．Because kids may not be able to play outside. 3. What’s the structure of this passage? (P1＝Paragraph1,P2＝Paragraph2...) A． B． C． D． 4. What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To tell us why cars should be banned in all cities. B．To ask people to ride bikes instead of driving cars. C．To find out different cities’ policies on car-free streets. D．To talk about the good sides and bad sides of car-free streets. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了城市设立无车街道的现象，并分别讨论了无车街道的优点和缺点。 1. 细节理解题。根据“Closing streets to cars encourages people to take buses or ride bikes instead.”可知，禁止汽车通过街道，鼓励人们乘坐公共汽车或骑自行车。④They can cut down the number of buses and bikes.“他们可以减少公共汽车和自行车的数量。”和文章原句意思相反。故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据“even when streets are car-free, there are usually still other vehicles like scooters and bikes. Some people, especially kids, may not be looking out for these vehicles. That could put them at risk.”可知，孩子可能被其他车辆伤到。故选C。 3. 篇章结构题。通读全文，第一段提出了世界上许多城市已经关闭了一些街道，禁止汽车通行；第二段提出了问题，城市是否应该有无车街道；第三段论述了赞同的理由；第四段论述了不赞同的理由。故选B。 4. 主旨大意题。全文分别介绍无车街道的好处和存在的问题，文章目的是讨论无车街道的利弊。故选D。 Passage 7 Electric bikes, or e-bikes, change life in China. E-bikes first came out in the late 1990s, but few were sold each year at that time. However, in the 2000s, more people started buying them. Now they are popular in cities and countrysides, and over 350 million e-bikes have been on the roads by 2025. People love e-bikes because they are cheap, easy to ride, can move through traffic easily, and do not make air pollution. But some old batteries (电池) from them can harm the environment, so people try to reuse them. And e-bikes are not as safe as bicycles. So in 2019, China made new rules for e-bikes. E-bikes cannot go faster than 25 km/h, and riders must wear helmets (头盔). E-bikes also must have pedals (脚蹬子), just like regular bikes. These rules keep everyone safe. And now, some cities stop e-bikes in busy places to prevent accidents. Do you want to know what makes e-bikes work? Now let’s take a look. Most e-bikes have three parts: a battery, a motor, and a controller. New e-bikes use lighter batteries and can go 100 kilometres before they need charging (充电) again, and some have GPS devices (卫星导航装置) to show where they are, and others have ways to stop people from taking them. And people even try to use sunlight to give e-bikes more electricity. E-bikes are more than just a way to travel. They show how China tries to find new ways to live. 1. How does the writer mainly show the history of electric bikes in China? A．By telling stories. B．By using time order. C．By asking questions. D．By giving examples of different e-bikes. 2. Why do people like e-bikes? A．Because they are expensive but easy to ride. B．Because they make more pollution but can move through traffic easily. C．Because they are cheap, easy to ride, clean and make people get around easily. D．Because they always have GPS devices to show the way. 3. Which isn’t a rule for e-bikes in China? A．E-bikes can’t go faster than 25 km/h B．Riders must wear helmets. C．E-bikes must have pedals. D．Riders should be over 18 years old. 4. What’s the passage mainly about? A．Why China has so many e-bikes. B．How to ride e-bikes safely. C．E-bikes change China’s life. D．The future of e-bikes in China. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了电动车在中国的发展历程、受欢迎的原因、相关安全规定、内部构造以及它对中国生活的影响。 1. 细节理解题。根据“E-bikes first came out in the late 1990s”以及“in the 2000s”可知，作者是按照时间顺序介绍电动车的发展历史。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据“People love e-bikes because they are cheap, easy to ride, can move through traffic easily, and do not make air pollution.”可知，人们喜欢电动车是因为它便宜、好骑、出行方便且无污染。故选C。 3. 细节理解题。根据“E-bikes cannot go faster than 25 km/h, and riders must wear helmets. E-bikes also must have pedals”可知，中国的电动车规定不包括骑行者必须年满18岁。故选D。 4. 主旨大意题。根据“Electric bikes, or e-bikes, change life in China.”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲电动车改变了中国人的生活。故选C。 Passage 8 The sky turned into a rainbow of colours as the 42nd Weifang International Kite Festival started on 19 April 2025 in Weifang, Shandong Province. A total of 257 teams from 51 countries and regions turned the sky into their playground. The event included 58 activities, from kite competitions and cultural tourism promotions to sports events and business and trade exchanges. Weifang is using its global influence in the kite industry to build friendships around the world, realizing “ancient and modern dialogues” and “Sino-foreign exchanges”, said an expert from the International Kite Federation, at the festival’s opening ceremony. Over the past 40 years, Weifang’s kite industry has become an important part of the local economy. In 1984, when the first festival was held, the city had just over 20 small kite factories. Today, Weifang has more than 700 kite factories and related companies, giving jobs to nearly 100,000 people and making over 2 billion yuan in sales each year. The city now holds 85 per cent of the world’s kite market share and exports its kites to more than 50 countries and regions, according to the city government. As kites continue to tell stories in Weifang’s sky, the festival keeps its place as a world-famous celebration of both tradition and creativity. 1. What did the expert in paragraph 2 mainly want to show? A．Weifang’s kite industry made lots of money. B．Weifang’s kite industry helped connect different countries. C．The International Kite Federation was very important. D．The International Kite Festival had many activities in 2025. 2. What can we learn from the change in the number of Weifang’s kite factories? A．Weifang’s kite industry has developed quickly. B．Weifang’s kite factories have become smaller. C．Weifang’s kite sales are getting lower each year. D．Fewer people work in Weifang’s kite industry now. 3. The underlined word “exports” in the last paragraph means “________”. A．buys things from other places B．uses things in daily life C．makes new things in factories D．sells things to other countries 4. Why does the passage say the festival is “a world-famous celebration of both tradition and creativity”? A．Because it mainly uses traditional kite designs. B．Because it is held in both ancient and modern cities. C．Because both old people and young people enjoy the festival. D．Because it has both old kite-making skills and new activity forms. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了第42届潍坊国际风筝会的盛况。 1. 第二段指出： “Weifang is using its global influence in the kite industry to build friendships around the world”，这表明潍坊风筝产业正借助全球影响力搭建友谊桥梁，连接不同国家。 2. 第三段指出：“In 1984, when the first festival was held, the city had just over 20 small kite factories. Today, Weifang has more than 700 kite factories and related companies, giving jobs to nearly 100,000 people and making over 2 billion yuan in sales each year.”，工厂数量大幅增长，这体现了潍坊风筝产业的快速发展。 3. 第四段指出：“exports its kites to more than 50 countries and regions”，表示将风筝销往50多个国家和地区，“export”意为“出口”，即 “把商品卖到其他国家”。 4. 第四段指出：“As kites continue to tell stories in Weifang’s sky, the festival keeps its place as a world-famous celebration of both tradition and creativity.”，第二段指出“ancient and modern dialogues”和“Sino-foreign exchanges”以及“The event included 58 activities, from kite competitions and cultural tourism promotions to sports events and business and trade exchanges.”，表明风筝节既保留了传统风筝技艺，又发展出竞赛、文旅推广等新活动形式。 Passage 9 Mr. White is sixty years old. He always talks about how fast things have changed, and he often says that life in the past was better than it is these days. Now cities are full of cars. Some families even have two or more cars, so parking is becoming a big problem. The traffic (交通) in some cities is getting worse and worse, too. Car drivers nowadays drive so fast that there are more traffic accidents. More and more people are always looking at their mobile phones with their heads down. Mr. White often sees people in the restaurant eating face to face while looking at their own mobile phones. He thinks it is strange that they don’t talk to the people who sit opposite to them during the meal. Some of them even have fun chatting (闲聊) with others on the phone. Most families own computers now. A study found that children use the Internet more and more. The number of children using the Internet has grown by three times in the past three years. Mr. White’s grandson is a middle school student. He often stays up late playing computer games on the Internet. He falls asleep in the early hours of the morning and spends less time doing homework. His teacher told Mr. White that his grandson failed (失败) another test. Mr. White got very angry with him. Mr. White thinks that life was simple and happy, but now it has changed a lot. 1. What does Mr. White think of the life now? A．He thinks the life now is very simple. B．He thinks the life now is worse than it was. C．He thinks the life is the same as it was. D．He thinks the life now is more comfortable. 2. Why do people say nothing face to face during a meal in the restaurant? A．Because it is strange. B．Because they don’t know each other. C．Because they don’t sit opposite each other. D．Because they are busy in looking at their phones. 3. Which statement (陈述) is WRONG according to the passage? A．Mr. White got angry with the teacher. B．Mr. White’s grandson often plays computer games. C．Some people like chatting with others on the phone. D．The traffic in some cities is getting worse and worse. 4. What can we infer (推测) from the passage? A．Mr. White is a worker in a factory. B．Mr. White’s grandson is not interested in the Internet. C．Mr. White is worried about his grandson. D．Mr. White likes today’s life more than that of the old days. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 【导语】本文主要讲述了怀特先生抱怨事物变化得快，他常说过去生活得更好。 1. 细节理解题。根据“He always talks about how fast things have changed, and he often says that life in the past was better than it is these days.”可知，怀特先生认为现在的生活不如以前的。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据“Mr. White often sees people in the restaurant eating face to face while looking at their own mobile phones. He thinks it is strange that they don’t talk to the people who sit opposite to them during the meal.”可知，人们吃饭时面对面什么也不说是因为他们忙着看手机。故选D。 3. 细节理解题。根据“His teacher told Mr. White that his grandson failed (失败) another test. Mr. White got very angry with him.”可知，怀特先生是对他的孙子生气，不是对老师生气。故选A。 4. 推理判断题。根据“Mr. White’s grandson is a middle school student. He often stays up late playing computer games on the Internet. He falls asleep in the early hours of the morning and spends less time doing homework. His teacher told Mr. White that his grandson failed (失败) another test. Mr. White got very angry with him.”可推知，怀特先生很担心他的孙子。故选C。 Passage 10 Technology has done wonders for our world, from development in medicine, travel, to our day-to-day lives. It has greatly changed how society works and how we connect with each other. However, as we fully welcome technology, a question comes up: Are we losing our ability (本领) to be creative? ① On one hand, technology supports creativity. Tools like design apps, social media, and online platforms (平台) help people turn ideas into reality. For example, businesses use creative ads to share new products, while artists use digital (数码的) tools to create artworks themselves. ② Technology encourages innovative thinking and problem-solving. On the other hand, there are downsides. Many people depend too heavily on computers for tasks like calculations (计算), reducing their need to think for themselves. Others spend hours looking at screens (屏幕), leaving little time for creative activities. ③ So, how can we balance technology and creativity? Here are some simple steps: 1. Limit (限制) screen time. Turn off useless notifications (通知) or use “Do Not Disturb (打扰)” mode to focus on real-world tasks. 2. Spend time outdoors. A daily walk in nature clears your mind and brings fresh ideas. 3. Try screen-free hobbies. Reading, travelling, or drawing lets you explore ideas without technology. The future of creativity depends on our choices. Will you put your phone down during meals? Will you try to find joy beyond screens? ④ Small actions today can improve the relationship between technology and creativity. 1. The writer begins this article by ________. A．telling a story B．showing the reasons C．listing some examples D．raising a question 2. In Paragraph 2, why does the writer talk about businesses? A．To show the importance of creativity. B．To suggest good ways to develop technology. C．To show how technology helps with creative activities. D．To tell the relationship between business and creativity. 3. The sentence “Over time, this habit can make our natural creativity become weak.” should be put in “________”. A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 4. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Avoid Too Much Screen Time B．Balance Tech Use to Improve Creativity C．Learn the Changes of Tech Habits D．Explore Outdoor Fun for Better Health 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. C 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，讨论科技发展对创造力的影响，并提出如何在使用科技与保持创造力之间取得平衡。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“a question comes up:Are we losing our ability to be creative?”可知，作者在文章开头提出一个问题，引出话题。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段“businesses use creative ads to share new products”可知，作者通过企业利用创意广告的例子说明科技可以帮助人们进行创造性活动。故选C。 3. 推理判断题。句子“Over time,this habit can make our natural creativity become weak.”意为“久而久之，这种习惯会让我们的自然创造力变弱”。前文提到人们长时间看屏幕，缺少创造性活动，因此该句应放在说明这种结果的位置，即③处。故选C。 4. 主旨大意题。文章先说明科技对创造力的好处与问题，再提出如何平衡科技使用与创造力，因此最佳标题是“Balance Tech Use to Improve Creativity”通过平衡科技使用来提升创造力。故选B。 Passage 11 In 2024, the Hangzhou Marathon (马拉松) introduced two robot helpers, Go2 and B2. Go2 is a robot that looks like an animal with four legs. It ran along the road, played music, gave safety advice, and cheered for runners. B2, another four-legged robot, served as a guide for runners to follow. They both could tell runners about the weather and road conditions, helping them plan their race better without getting hurt.              At the Yizhuang Half Marathon in Beijing, a robot named Tiangong joined the last 100 meters of the race. It is a humanoid robot, which means it looks like a human. It is 163 cm tall and weighs 43 kg. It ran with runners and crossed the finish line. Tiangong also shook hands and took photos with people, making itself shine at the event. The use of robots in marathons helps achieve a few goals (目标). First, robots like Go2 and B2 offer practical help to runners, such as cheering and sharing important information. Second, the robots can make the events more enjoyable for both runners and spectators (观众). Moreover, these events provide a chance to make use of robots beyond (超出；……外) factories or controlled environments, pushing them into public and real-world activities. The organizers of the Yizhuang Half Marathon have planned the world’s first half marathon only for humanoid robots. Hosted in Beijing E-Town in 2025, the race helps attract (吸引) fans from around the world. It is believed to drive the development of robots. Robots appear at more events like marathons, and they can change the way people organize and experience the races. As development continues, people will make better use of them not only in sports but also in other activities. 1. What does paragraph 1 mainly show us? A．Why Go2 and B2 served as guides. B．What runners thought of Go2 and B2. C．How scientists developed Go2 and B2. D．How Go2 and B2 helped runners in the race. 2. How can we understand the underlined words in paragraph 2? A．Tiangong could shine brightly at night. B．Tiangong was popular at the event. C．Tiangong helped runners run faster. D．Tiangong was more competitive. 3. The world’s first half marathon for humanoid robots will be ________. A．in Hangzhou in 2024 B．in Beijing in 2024 C．in Hangzhou in 2025 D．in Beijing in 2025 4. What can we learn from the passage? A．Robots can only be used in factories. B．Robots can’t help people organize events. C．People will use robots better in more activities. D．Robots will take the place of humans in marathons. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D 4. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了机器人在马拉松比赛中的应用，如杭州马拉松和北京亦庄半程马拉松中机器人提供的帮助，以及机器人参与马拉松的意义和未来的相关计划。 1. 细节理解题。根据“Go2 is a robot that looks like an animal with four legs. It ran along the road, played music, gave safety advice, and cheered for runners. B2, another four-legged robot, served as a guide for runners to follow. They both could tell runners about the weather and road conditions...”可知，第一段主要讲了Go2和B2在比赛中如何帮助跑步者，故选D。 2. 词句猜测题。根据“Tiangong also shook hands and took photos with people, making itself shine at the event.”可知，天宫机器人和人们握手、拍照，在活动中很受欢迎，“making itself shine”在这里指它很受欢迎，故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据“The organizers of the Yizhuang Half Marathon have planned the world’s first half marathon only for humanoid robots. Hosted in Beijing E-Town in 2025”可知，世界上第一场人形机器人半程马拉松将于2025年在北京举行，故选D。 4. 细节理解题。根据“As development continues, people will make better use of them not only in sports but also in other activities.”可知，人们将在更多活动中更好地使用机器人，故选C。 Passage 12 ①The World Tourism Organization says that space will soon become a popular place to go on holidays—possibly by 2035. It means the dream of space holidays might soon come true. ②One Japanese company is planning a space holiday centre. It will look like a bicycle wheel and have a hotel for 100 people and a big theme (主题) park. It will travel around the earth at a height of 300 km. The company has high hopes that the space holiday centre will be ready by 2030. The chairman of the company says he thinks that flying to the centre will probably be quicker than flying to Singapore from Hong Kong. When they reach the centre, tourists will take trips to the moon or go for walks in space. What about the cost? Well, the company believes that people will be happy to pay about $100,000 for a trip, but they think that as more people want to go, the trip will become much cheaper. ③The plan of the Japanese company for the space holiday center is really exciting. At the same time, in space tourism, American companies also have very creative ideas. An American hotel group is also thinking of building a hotel called the Lunar Hotel on the moon. Most of the hotel will be under the ground, so it won’t become too hot or too cold. The rooms will look just like the ones on the earth. The guests will eat universe food for lunch. The cooks will just push a button to mix dried food with water, and then it will become a delicious meal! There will be little or no dirt (灰尘) and there won’t be much water, so people can’t wash faces and hands. ④In conclusion, the space tourism plans from Japan and America are truly amazing. They show a super exciting future for us. 1. ___________is planning to build a hotel on the moon. A．An American hotel group B．A big theme park C．The World Tourism Organization D．A Japanese company 2. According to the passage, the price of the trip will be lower because___________ A．flying to the centre is faster. B．people are getting richer then. C．the centre will be soon ready. D．more people will join the travel. 3. Most of the Lunar Hotel will be under the ground because they want to___________. A．keep a secret B．keep the guests safe C．keep everything clean D．keep it neither too hot nor too cold 4. How is the text organized?（①=paragraph 1, ②=paragraph 2….）? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. D 4. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了太空旅游的相关计划，包括日本公司计划建造的太空度假中心和美国酒店集团计划在月球上建造的月球酒店，展望了太空旅游的未来。 1. 细节理解题。根据“An American hotel group is also thinking of building a hotel called the Lunar Hotel, on the moon.”可知，一家美国酒店集团计划在月球上建造酒店，故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据“but they think that as more people want to go, the trip will become much cheaper.”可知，旅行价格会降低是因为更多的人会加入旅行，故选D。 3. 细节理解题。根据“Most of the hotel will be under the ground, so it won’t become too hot or too cold.”可知，月球酒店的大部分将在地下，是为了保持既不太热也不太冷，故选D。 4. 篇章结构题。文章第①段总述太空很快将成为受欢迎的度假地；第②段介绍日本公司的太空度假中心计划；第③段介绍美国公司的月球酒店计划；第④段总结太空旅游计划展现了令人兴奋的未来。结构为总-分-总，故选C。 Passage 13 In 1921, long before the Walt Disney Company turned Pooh into an international star of TV and films, Christopher Robin Milne was given a toy bear on his first birthday from his father, A．A．Milne, who bought the stuffed animal from a store. The stuffed animal was named Edward Bear. Years later, Edward was named Winnie. From the time Christopher Robin Milne was a baby until he was about 8 years old, he would receive different stuffed animals. A．A．Milne was a famous English writer. As he watched his son interact (互动) with Winnie and friends, A．A．Milne thought his child’s interaction with the collection of animals would make a great bedtime story. So Milne worked with artist Ernest H. Shepard and wrote the first Winnie the Pooh poem, where Edward Bear was known as “Teddy Bear”. The writings appeared in Punch magazine and in the book they wrote together, When We Were Young, which was published in 1924. In a four-year period, three more books that focused on the bear and his team followed: 1926’s Winnie-the-Pooh, 1927’s Now We Are Six, and 1928’s The House at Pooh Corner. The books and poems about Pooh brought great success to the writer, and the characters became favorites with young children and their families around the world. Their popularity led Disney to get the rights (版权) to make films about the characters in 1961. Five years later, Pooh, Tiger, Piglet and the rest of the team appeared on screen for the first time in Winnie-the-Pooh and the Honey Tree. The characters later appeared in TV shows, movies, video games and short films. Pooh’s most recent appearance came last year in the popular children’s program, Doc McStuffins, where he was a special guest. 1. What did A．A．Milne do according to Paragraph 2? A．He wrote many books about Pooh. B．He read many bedtime stories to his son. C．He wrote Punch magazine with Ernest H. Shepard. D．He encouraged his son to play with friends. 2. In what order did the following events take place? a. When We Were Young was published. b. Pooh appeared in the popular children’s program. c. Milne bought a stuffed animal. d. Disney got the rights to make films about the characters. e. Milne worked with artist Ernest H. Shepard. A．c-a-d-e-b B．e-c-b-a-d C．c-e-a-d-b D．e-b-a-c-d 3. Why did Pooh appear in Doc McSiuffins? A．To meet a guest in this program. B．To be a special part of this program. C．To show it is also a popular program. D．To make its new film known to people. 4. What is the passage mainly about? A．Pooh and his friends. B．Great success of Pooh. C．Pooh’s influence on culture. D．The birth and development of Pooh. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D 【导语】本文主要介绍了Pooh的诞生以及它的发展过程。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“So Milne worked with artist Ernest H. Shepard and wrote the first Winnie the Pooh poem...When We Were Young, which was published in 1924...1926’s Winnie-the-Pooh, 1927’s Now We Are Six, and 1928’s The House at Pooh Corner.”可知，A. A. Milne写了很多关于Pooh的故事。故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Christopher Robin Milne was given a toy bear on his first birthday from his father, A. A. Milne, who bought the stuffed animal from a store”，第二段“So Milne worked with artist Ernest H. Shepard...When We Were Young, which was published in 1924.”以及第三段“Their popularity led Disney to get the rights (版权) to make films about the characters in 1961...Pooh’s most recent appearance came last year in the popular children’s program”可知，先是Milne买玩具熊，接着与画家Shepard合作，然后1924年出版《当我们小的时候》，1961年迪士尼买下版权，最后Pooh在儿童节目中出现，顺序为c-e-a-d-b。故选C。 3. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Pooh’s most recent appearance came last year in the popular children’s program, Doc McStuffins, where he was a special guest.”可知，Pooh是为了作为这个节目的特殊部分而出现的。故选B。 4. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了Pooh的诞生与发展过程。故选D。 Passage 14 In the past, most Chinese people rode a bicycle or walked for short trips. China’s first bicycles appeared in the late 19th century, but they became popular much later. As time went by, buses and trains became common for longer trips. These changes allowed people to visit family in other cities more easily. Today, China’s high-speed trains are some of the quickest in the world. For example, traveling from Beijing to Shanghai now takes less than five hours, while it took ten hours in the past. The first high-speed train in China started running in 2008. By 2024, China had built about 48,000 kilometers of high-speed train lines, connecting (连接) nearly all big cities in China. This helps workers find jobs in different places. In cities, subways help people move around quickly. Thanks to these developments, more cities have built their own subways. China’s first subway opened in Beijing in 1981, and by 2024 more than 40 cities had built subways. Beijing’s subways are the longest in the world, covering more than 800 kilometers. In the countryside, new roads reach many villages. Farmers can now send their agricultural produce (农产品) to markets much faster. In mountain areas, workers have built roads through mountains and bridges over rivers. All these changes, from bicycles to high-speed trains, make traveling easier and help our country grow stronger. The government keeps improving roads and bridges so everyone can enjoy better travel services. These improvements are part of China’s great transportation (交通) —a powerful network connecting people and places. 1. When did China’s first high-speed train start running? A．In 2008. B．In 2000. C．In 2024. D．In 1981. 2. What can we know about China’s subways according to the passage? A．The first subway opened in Shanghai. B．More than 40 cities had built subways by 2024. C．Beijing’s subways are only 800 kilometers long. D．Subways are more important than high-speed trains. 3. How do new roads in the countryside help farmers according to the passage? A．They can travel to cities for fun faster. B．They can build more houses along the roads. C．They can send their produce to markets faster. D．They can meet friends in other villages more often. 4. What is the best title for this passage? A．The Importance of Bridges in China B．The Growth of Subways in Big Cities C．Better Transportation Helps China Develop D．The Development of High-speed Trains in China 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. C 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国交通的发展历程，从过去的自行车、步行，到如今的高铁、地铁以及农村新道路等，展现了交通进步对人们生活和国家发展的积极影响。 1. 细节理解题。根据“The first high-speed train in China started running in 2008.”可知，中国第一列高铁于2008年开始运行。故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据“…and by 2024 more than 40 cities had built subways.”可知，到2024年已有40多个城市修建了地铁。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据“In the countryside, new roads reach many villages. Farmers can now send their agricultural produce to markets much faster.”可知，农村新道路帮助农民更快地将农产品送到市场。故选C。 4. 最佳标题题。细读全文可知，文章围绕中国交通的发展展开，从自行车到高铁、地铁、农村道路，阐述了交通进步让出行更便捷，助力国家发展，Better Transportation Helps China Develop“更好的交通助力中国发展”最符合。故选C。 Passage 15 What will the future world be like? Many believe that technology will help solve some of the most difficult problems we have today, such as pollution and hunger. Others worry as old problems are solved, new ones may appear. No technology is all good, as these three examples tell. When dreaming about the future, many of us hope we can go to different places in our own flying car. Everyone can clearly see the good part of the idea. This technology would allow us to move freely. We could fly really fast, getting away from traffic lights and busy roads. However, some people believe if the cars become popular, there will be air traffic problems. Another big problem is mechanical failure. What will happen if the cars break down or suddenly stop working in the sky? These are problems we must expect if flying cars become real. 3D printing is another new technology with exciting possibilities. 3D printers are used to build things with liquid (液体) plastic. Car companies already use 3D printers to make life-size models of car parts and medical companies use the technology to make man-made body parts, such as ears. Before long, it might be possible to see something on a website and then print it out with a 3D printer at home. If so, 3D printing will change the way we shop and the way we make. The weak point is that such machine will be very expensive. Finally, imagine having your own Iron Man suit. Several companies are trying to build a real robot exoskeleton (外骨骼). This is a special suit with robot arms and legs which follows the wearer’s movement. Exoskeletons allow you to lift heavy things, walk long ways and even get through walls! This technology may bring hopes to disabled people. The suit might help people walk again after illness. However, one bad thing at the moment is cost. Another problem is battery (电池) life. A heavy suit like this needs a lot of power, and battery life is short. Looking ahead, although there are some problems to solve before all of this is possible, we can certainly dream of a world where technology makes life easier and safer for millions of people . 1. According to the passage, which of the following is true if flying cars become real? A．We don’t need to worry about traffic problems anymore. B．The cars may have problems if they break down in the sky. C．There will be traffic problems in the air. D．It’ll be so expensive that few people can buy flying cars. 2. What can 3D printing technology do so far? A．It can build real car parts. B．It can make man-made ears. C．It can print online websites. D．It can make things we buy online. 3. What’s the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①②/③④⑤ C．①/②③/④/⑤ D．①/②③④⑤ 4. What does the writer mainly want to tell us? A．It’s difficult for us to imagine possible future life with new technology. B．There’s too much to worry about new problems appearing in the future. C．We can expect better lives with future technology although there’ll be problems. D．Technology can solve some difficult problems but may bring more serious ones. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了飞行汽车、3D打印、机器人外骨骼三项未来科技的优点与存在的问题，并展望了科技能让生活更轻松安全的未来。 1. 推理判断题。根据“However, some people believe if the cars become popular, there will be air traffic problems.”可知，如果飞行汽车成为现实，空中将会出现交通问题。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据“Car companies already use 3D printers to make life-size models of car parts and medical companies use the technology to make man-made body parts, such as ears.”可知，目前3D打印技术可以制作人造耳朵。故选B。 3. 篇章结构题。文章第①段总述科技并非全是好处，并用三个例子说明；第②③④段分别列举了飞行汽车、3D打印、机器人外骨骼三个科技例子及其优缺点；第⑤段总结展望未来科技。因此结构为①/②③④/⑤。故选A。   4. 主旨大意题。根据“Looking ahead, although there are some problems to solve before all of this is possible, we can certainly dream of a world where technology makes life easier and safer for millions of people.”可知，作者主要想告诉我们，尽管未来科技会带来问题，但我们可以期待科技让生活更美好。故选C。 21 / 21乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $